ATLAS silicon microstrip detectorSystem (SCT)

Y. Unno, KEKFor SCT collaboration

Endcap modules

Barrel modules

SCT

Diameter 25 mBarrel toroid length 26 mEndcap end-wall chamber span 46 mOverall weight 7000 Tons

ATLAS detector

Name Duration Start FinishUX 15 Hand-over 0 days 14 Apr '03 14 Apr '03

PHASE 1: Infrastructure 377 days 14 Apr '03 24 Sep '04

UX available for ATLAS 0 days 21 Nov '03 21 Nov '03

PHASE 2: Barrel Toroid & Barrel Calorimeter 466 days 21 Nov '03 16 Sep '05

Phase 2a: Bedplates & Feet 20 days 21 Nov '03 19 Dec '03

Phase 2b: Barrel Toroid 309 days 12 Dec '03 1 Mar '05

Phase 2c: Barrel Calorimeter 354 days 3 May '04 16 Sep '05

Phase 2d: Racks, Pipes & Cables 273 days 24 Nov '03 13 Dec '04

PHASE 3: End-cap Calorimeters & Muon Barrel 408 days 7 Sep '04 10 Apr '06

Phase 3a: Pipes & Cables 205 days 7 Sep '04 28 Jun '05

Phase 3b: Endcap Calorimeter C 245 days 22 Oct '04 7 Oct '05

Phase 3c: Muon Barrel 155 days 14 Dec '04 26 Jul '05

Phase 3d: Endcap Calorimeter A 237 days 12 May '05 10 Apr '06

PHASE 4: Big Wheels & Inner Detector 234 days 11 Jul '05 2 Jun '06

Phase 4a: Big Wheels 161 days 11 Jul '05 21 Feb '06

Phase 4b: Inner Detector 191 days 8 Sep '05 2 Jun '06

PHASE 5: End-Cap Toroid & Small Wheels 166 days 22 Nov '05 12 Jul '06

Phase 5a: Endcap Toroid 166 days 22 Nov '05 12 Jul '06

Phase 5b: Small Wheels 56 days 12 Apr '06 28 Jun '06

PHASE 6: Beam Vacuum, End wall Chambers, Shielding54 days 26 May '06 9 Aug '06

Phase 6a: Completion of the Beam Vacuum 25 days 26 May '06 29 Jun '06

Phase 6b: End wall Chambers (EO) 21 days 14 Jun '06 12 Jul '06

Phase 6c: Shielding & full Magnet test 26 days 5 Jul '06 9 Aug '06

Global Commissioning 60 days 10 Aug '06 1 Nov '06

Cosmic tests 40 days 2 Nov '06 29 Dec '06

ATLAS Ready For Beam 0 days 29 Dec '06 29 Dec '06

14 Apr '03 UX 15 Hand-over

377 days PHASE 1

21 Nov '03 UX available for ATLAS

466 days PHASE 2

20 days Phase 2a: Bedplates & Feet

309 days Phase 2b: Barrel Toroid

354 days Phase 2c: Barrel Calorimeter

273 days Phase 2d: Racks, Pipes & Cables

408 days PHASE 3

205 days Phase 3a: Pipes & Cables

245 days Phase 3b: Endcap Calorimeter C

155 days Phase 3c: Muon Barrel

237 days Phase 3d: Endcap Calorimeter A

234 days PHASE 4

161 days Phase 4a: Big Wheels

191 days Phase 4b: Inner Detector

166 days PHASE 5

166 days Phase 5a: Endcap Toroid

56 days Phase 5b: Small Wheels

54 days PHASE 6

25 days Phase 6a: Completion of the Beam Vacuum

21 days Phase 6b: End wall Chambers (EO)

26 days Phase 6c: Shielding & full Magnet test

60 days Global Commissioning

40 days Cosmic tests

29 Dec '06 ATLAS Ready For Beam

Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q32002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Installation schedule v. 6.0

The construction and installation planning, as presented to the recent LHCC Installation Review, foresees to have the initial staged detector ready at the end of 2006

Central solenoid

2 Tesla magnetic field for the inner tracking volumeSharing vacuum cryostat of Liquid Argon EM calorimeter

Contribution of the ATLAS-Japan by the superconducting-magnet experts of KEK

Fabricated by Toshiba

Completed and tested in Japan in Jan. 2001Transported to CERN in Oct. 2001

Port Rotterdam (2001.8.24)

CERN B180 (2001.9.3)

the Rhine

Yokohama Bay(2001.7.25)

Completed and Tested at Toshiba (2001.1.20)

Transportation of ATLAS Central Solenoid

Basel (2001.8.31)

Acceptance test (2001.9.28 – 10.3)

34053405

6810

5550

2300

CryostatSolenoid coil

Inner detector volume

Liquid Argon EM calorimeter

Inner detector

Solenoid coil insideLiq. Argon cryostat

2 TeslaVolume = φφφφ2.3 m x 6.8 m

ATLAS Silicon Microstrip Semiconductor Tracker (SCT)

Radiation fluence

• 1 MeV neut ron equi valent , yearly fluence

SCT: ~1.8x10

13

n/cm

2

/ yr / L=10

34

• 50% unce rtainty in the fluence (c ross section , etc.)

• 10 yrs operation : 3 yrs at 10

33

+ 7 yrs at 10

34

• Neutron dam age ~ 1.5x Proton dam age

• Fluence over 10 y rs:

- Neutrons ~2x10

14

n/cm

2

(=1.8x10

13

x1.5x7.3)

- Protons ~3x10

14

p/cm

2

(=2x10

14

x1.5)

Z(cm)

R(c

m)

SCTSCT

TRT TRT

PIXEL

0.7x1013

1.0x1013

1.5x1013

2.2x1013

1040 mm

1500 mm

SCT Barrel (and Endcap)

Endcap:9 discs x 21976 modules7104 sensors

Barrel:

r [mm] #modulesB3 300 384B4 373 480B5 447 576B6 520 672Total 2112

8448 sensors34.4 m2

Baseboard TPG

Hybrid assembly

BeO facings (cooling side)Silicon sensors

BeO facings (far side)

Connector

Slotted washer

Datum washer

SCT barrel module

p-in-n singled-sided sensorsback-to-back gluing

40 mrad stereo

1.2% Xo

Barrel module parameters

l Sensors : 63.56 x 63.96 mm2, p-in-n, single-sided

l Strip directions : ±20 mrad

l Operating temperature : - 7°C

l Total chip power : 6.0 W nom., 8.1 W max.

l Thermal runaway heat flux: > 240 µW/mm2 at 0°C

l Mechanical precisions :

n back-to-back: < 5 µm (in-plane lateral), < 10 µm (in-plane longitudinal), < 50 µm (out-of-plane)

n Fixation point: < 30 µm (in-plane)

l Radiation length: < 1.2% X0

ATLAS silicon microstrip sensorsproduction

Hamamatsu Photonics:

Barrel: 8448 + spares (~20%) ~ 10500Japan + UK + Nordic

Endcap: ~61% of (7104 + spares(~20%) ~ 5200UK + Spain

CIS:

Endcap: ~39% ~ 3300Germany

Production: Mar. 2000 started, Nov. 2002 near completion

glass pitch-adaptor(2 x 6 x 128 ch)

Hybrid of the barrel ATLAS SCT

ABCD3T chips(12 x 128 ch)

flexible Cu/PI circuitconnector carbon-carbon bridge

(underneath)

TPG 1 mm

10 mm

ABCD chip

Carbon-carbon bridge Si sensor

Cu/polyimide flexBeO facing Air gap (0.4mm)

Connetor

Cooling block

Cooling blockFlow paths of heat

Cross section of the module

Barrel module baseboard

Encapsulated VHCPG

Baseboard with

BeO facing plates

VHCPG:(very high thermal

Conductivity pyrolytic graphite)

In-plane thermal conductivity:

1450 - 1850 W/mKThickness: 380 15 m

Thermal Properties

bulk heat generation (µW/mm2@0°C)

-14°C-17°C

-20°C

Simulated thermal profile with Qchip=6W

ATLAS silicon micstrip sensors6 different shapes from 4-inch wafer

Barrel - Square Endcap - Wedges

100

64

63.6

80 µm x 768 strip = 61.4 mm, 62.0 mm strip length1 mm edge space

5

62

5 Wedge detectors for forward

p-in-n, 80 µµµµm pitch, 768 strips, AC-coupled, 285 µµµµm thick

0

1

2

3

4

5

0 100 200 300 400 500

mod1mod2mod5mod6mod3mod4

Med

ian

ch

arg

e [f

C]

Bias voltage [V]

Y. Unno et al, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE, VOL. 49, NO. 4, AUGUST 2002

Operation bias voltage in ATLAS

Non-irradiated Irradiated 3x1014 p/cm2

Non-irradiated ~ 150 V Near the end of experiment ~ 350~500 V

Pre-irradiation, room temp.

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0 100 200 300 400 500

Bias voltage [V]

Leak

age/

Vol

ume

[uA

/cm

^3]

1331138914161467

Pre-irradiation

Barrel sensor = 1.16 cm3

~200 nA Very Good!

3x1014 p/cm2, -18C, 7d@25C

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

0 100 200 300 400 500

Bias voltage [V]

Leak

age/

Vol

ume

[uA

/cm

^3]

<B2-111><W12><W21><W22><W31><W32><B2-100>

Post irradiation

Current 3 orders of magnitude higher

Average of irradiated sensors

Little differencein shapes

Smooth up to 500 V!

15432365

Pre-irradiation, room temp.

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0 100 200 300 400 500

Bias voltage [V]

Leak

age/

Vol

ume

[uA

/cm

^3]

729737751834921

What will happen in case ...Microdischarges below 350 V

(Spec: no MD below 350 V)

Samples from rejected sensors

Post irradiation, -18C

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

0 100 200 300 400 500

Bias voltage [V]

Leak

age/

Vol

ume

[uA

/cm

^3]

729737751834921

Post irradiation of microdischarged sensors

Smooth!

No visible effect

Why?Type inversionP-N junction in the backsideLittle field till full-depletion in the strip side

I-V Curve at +15 C

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0 100 200 300 400 500

Bias voltage [V]

Lea

kag

e cu

rren

t [u

A]

Series module productionSeries barrel module production started in Feb. 2002

As of Sep. 2002, ~100 moduesMicrodischarge11 modules >350 V

Two modulesstrip's pad damaged

postIrrad, -15C, 20220170200034

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

0 100 200 300 400 500

Bias voltage [V]

Leak

age

[uA

]

postIrrad

preIrrad, +15C, 20220170200034

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

1

0 100 200 300 400 500

Bias voltage [V]

Leak

age

[uA

]

preIrrad

Post irradiationof

microdischargemodule

Smooth up to 500 V

Same as individual sensors

500V, +15 C

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400Time [min.]

Lea

kag

e cu

rren

t [u

A]

55

61

69

74

88

99

100

101

102

106

Decay of microdischarge currentAlso, microdischarge currents decay out to normal currentsin a few hundred minutes

#100 has very long time const...

Visualization of hot spot

Discharging location is hot (minutely)

CCD camera with extendedsensitivity to infrared, andcooled to reduce thermal noise

Hot spot is visible in overlaying over visual image

#100 - tiny hairline metalbetween the wire (GND) and sensor edge (HV)

Multi-module system test12 modules in a row, Double row overlap, ...

Room temp. run, Cold run (with irradiated modules)

Studies of noise pickups, grounding and shielding, etc

Barrel system test

ATLAS SCT: 3-pt gain scans - Wed Jul 31 11:08:34 2002 - B186 Barrel System TestRun 991 Scans 5-7Input-noise at 2fC from 3point gain scans

Module

Inp

ut-

no

ise

(EN

C)

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

0035 0046 0011 0019 0018 0029 0036 0026 0052 0030 0022 0008

Multimodule

Elec. Stand

Endcap systemtest

On-going ...

Barrel sector testFinal support structure, cooling pipes, refrigeration system

Dummy heatermodules

Real modules

Barrel sector test

Thermal imaging - visualize temperature distribution

Coolant in - Blue cold pipes

(Dummy) module heater on - green to yellow

Sector carbon-fibre cylinder - room temp. red

Barrel support cylinder in production

Carbon skin -Carbon honycombcore

1st cylinder (B3)delivered

Still long way toattach brackets,cooling pipes,opto-power-harnesses

SummaryATLAS is targetting the completion of the detector in the end of 2006, expecting the first beam collision in Feb. 2007

Central solenoid was completed and is in preparation for installation at CERN

Series production of SCT barrel modules has started.1st support cylinder (B3) has been delivered

Series production of SCT silicon microstrip sensors of ~18000 are near completion

Sensors show good performance in pre- and post-irradiation, and even in the case of microdischarge as low as 250V there is no visible effect after irradiation. Together with the decay of the microdischarge current, the sensors are robust for high voltage operation

System tests are progressing. No show-stopper, yet

Lots of details lie ahead toward the installation of SCT in early 2005