FOR PRELIMS AND MAINS - Sosin Classes

DAILY NEWS DIARY 18.05.2021

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DAILY NEWS DIARY

Of

FOR PRELIMS AND MAINS

18.05.2021



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Warm Greetings.

DnD aims to provide every day news analysis in sync with the UPSC pattern.

It is targeted at UPSC – Prelims & Mains.

Daily articles are provided in the form of Question and Answers

To have a bank of mains questions.

And interesting to read.

Providing precise information that can be carried straight to the exam, rather than

over dumping.

Enjoy reading.

THE HINDU - TH

INDIAN EXPRESS - IE

BUSINESS LINE - BL

ECONOMIC TIMES - ET

TIMES OF INDIA - TOI



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INDEX

Essay Paper

1. Sedition clause……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….04

GS 2

Polity

1. Creating a district………………………………………………………………………………………………………………05

GS 3

Economic Development

1. Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE)………………………………………………………………….05 Snippets:

1. West Bengal’s Legislative Council……………………………………………………………………………………..07

2. 1st and 2nd waves of Covi-19………………………………………………………………………………………………08

3. Farzad B gas Field..................................................................................................................09



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ESSAY PAPER Editorial Q- Analyse how casual resort by the police to the sedition clause continues to cause concern In India? INTRODUCTION = The police in different States have been invoking sedition, an offence defined in Section 124A IPC, against critics of the establishment and prominent dissenters.

The arrest of K. Raghu Ramakrishna Raju, an MP from Andhra Pradesh, on the grave charge of sedition, is yet another instance of the misuse of the provision relating to exciting “disaffection” against the government. It is not surprising that Mr. Raju, a vocal detractor of A.P. Chief Minister Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy, is sought to be prosecuted. However, his arrest is unwarranted, considering that he is being accused of only speech-based offences relating to his diatribe against his party leader and CM. It has predictably, and not without justification, invited charges of political vendetta. Even if one were to accept at face value the prosecution’s claim that his speeches stoked hatred against communities — he had referred to alleged rampant conversion activities in the State — and attracted prosecution under Section 153-A or Section 505, was his arrest necessary? These offences attract a prison term of only three years and, under the Arnesh Kumar ruling (2014) of the Supreme Court, there is no need to arrest a person for an offence that invites a prison term of seven years and less. Further, even sedition, which allows a maximum sentence of life imprisonment, also prescribes an alternative jail term of three years.

Mr. Raju has alleged ill-treatment while in CID custody. It is unedifying to note that the CID has also named in the FIR, two television channels to which he gave interviews. While the legal process will take its course, it is once again time for a reflection on the need and relevance of the offence of sedition, a colonial-era provision used to imprison people for political writings in support of Indian independence, to remain on the statute book -

1. That State governments and various police departments are known for the casual resort to prosecution under this section is a poor reflection of the understanding of the law among civil servants everywhere.

2. It is now fairly well known that the section is attracted only if there is an imminent threat to public order or there is actual incitement to violence — ingredients that are invariably absent in most cases.



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3. In addition, it remains vaguely and too broadly defined (the term ‘disaffection’ is said to include ‘disloyalty’ and ‘feelings of enmity’), warranting a total reconsideration.

4. Recently, the Supreme Court decided to revisit the constitutionality of this section. While a judicial verdict will be welcome, it would be even more protective of free speech if the Centre abolished the provision. GS 2

Polity Q- Discuss the recently in news why and how of creating a district? BACKGROUND = On May 14, Punjab Chief Minister Captain Amarinder Singh declared Malerkotla the 23rd district of the State. This led to an angry response from Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath who took to Twitter to say that the Punjab government’s decision of declaring its only Muslim-majority town a district was “a reflection of the divisive policy of the Congress”. Section 5 of the Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1887 says the “State government may, by notification, vary the limits and alter the numbers of tehsils, districts and divisions into which the State is divided”. How are new districts carved?

1. The power to create new districts or alter or abolish existing districts rests with the State governments. 2. This can either be done through an executive order or by passing a law in the State Assembly.

How does it help? 1. States argue that smaller districts lead to better administration and governance.

Ex - For example, in 2016, the Assam government issued a notification to upgrade the Majuli sub-division to Majuli district for “administrative expediency”. Are there any exceptions? This power with the state is generally held temporarily in abeyance only during active census operations or during the delimitation exercise of Lok Sabha/Vidhan Sabha constituencies Does the Central government have a role to play here?

The Centre has no role to play in the alteration of districts or creation of new ones. States are free to decide.

The Home Ministry comes into the picture when a State wants to change the name of a district or a railway station.

The State government’s request is sent to other departments and agencies such as the Ministry of Earth Sciences, Intelligence Bureau, Department of Posts, Geographical Survey of India Sciences and the Railway Ministry seeking clearance.

A no-objection certificate may be issued after examining their replies. What has been the trend? According to the 2011 Census, there were 593 districts in the country. The Census results showed that between 2001-2011, as many as 46 districts were created by States. Though the 2021 Census is yet to happen, Know India, a website run by the Government of India, says currently there are 718 districts in the country. The surge in number is also due to bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh into A.P. and Telangana in 2014. Telangana at present has 33 districts and A.P. has 13 districts. GS 3

Economic Development Q- According to Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE) explain how Job losses bode ill for Indian Economy?



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BACKGROUND = Rising unemployment, including among the salaried class, and shrinking real incomes have led to a lack of demand that bodes ill for the economy.

Significantly, the size of the salaried class shrank for the third consecutive month in April, with 3.4 million jobs lost. During 2019-20, there were 85.9 million salaried jobs. As of April 2021, there were just 73.3 million.

1. “Labour participation rate recovered soon after the lockdown was eased last year, but has run out of momentum even before it could recover fully. Unemployment rose to 8% in April, from 6.5% in March.

2. The labour participation rate (LPR) was 40% in April. 3. “The LPR is about two percentage points below what it was before April 2020. This is a very serious

matter for a population of our size,” 4. “90% of families have seen income shrinkage (i.e., real income, adjusted for inflation).”

Way Forward - “We can’t depend on exports. It is domestic consumption that will help the economy,” it is critical to put money in the hands of the consumer now.



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For Prelims – What is CMIE?

Snippets GS 2

Polity Q- Give a list of all that constitutes in to introducing West Bengal’s Legislative Council?

The West Bengal Government will set up a Legislative Council, or a Vidhan Parishad. A decision on setting up the council was taken up at a State Cabinet meeting chaired by Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee as promised in Trinamool Congress’s manifesto.

Certain members who will not face election can be nominated through the Legislative Council.



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Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee and Finance Minister Amit Mitra are not members of the State Assembly. They can be easily nominated to the Legislative Council once the body is set up and will not have to face elections.

For setting up the council, a Bill has to be introduced in the State Assembly and then a nod from the State’s Governor is required. West Bengal Legislative Council, the Upper House of the bicameral legislature in West Bengal existed till 1969, till a resolution was passed in the State Assembly for its dissolution. Not all States in the country have Legislative Councils.

Social Justice Q- What is the effect of the respective 1st and 2nd waves of Covi-19 on the fatality rate of Indian Doctors?

According to the Indian Medical Association (IMA) registry, 244 deaths have been recorded in the second wave. While last year we lost nearly 730 doctors across India, this year in a short period of time we have lost 244 doctors. The second wave is proving extremely fatal for all and especially those at the forefront of the battle. We have to actively increase vaccination cover among the medical staff to ensure that they have protection against the virus

Bihar recorded the highest number of doctors — 69 — who died of COVID-19 in the second wave so far followed by Uttar Pradesh (34) and Delhi (27).

The following are the figures of fatalities according to the IMA registry: Andhra Pradesh (21), Telangana (19), Maharashtra (13), Tamil Nadu (10), Karnataka and Odisha (8 each), Madhya Pradesh (5),



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Chhattisgarh and Jammu and Kashmir (3 each), Assam, Gujarat, Haryana and Kerala (2 each) and Goa (1).

The Health Ministry on Monday said the Central government has so far provided more than 20 crore vaccine doses (20,76,10,230) to States/UTs, free of cost. Of this, the total consumption, up to May 16 and including wastage, is 18,71,13,705 doses.

International Relations Q- Where is Farzad B gas Field located and how is India associated with it?

Iran gave the Farzad B gas field to Petropars, a domestic gas producer. This is a setback for India’s energy ties with Iran as ONGC Videsh Ltd (OVL) had discovered the gas field in 2000 and has been part of the ongoing cooperation on that front.

The Ministry of External Affairs has not yet commented on the development but OVL had discovered the Farzad B gas field in the Farsi region, which is located between the Iranian and Saudi territories.

The slipping of deal in Iran comes despite India’s long-standing cooperation regarding the gas field and is indicative of the impact of the U.S. sanctions on India-Iran energy cooperation, which had been drastically reduced during the Donald Trump administration in the U.S..



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The use of convalescent plasma has been dropped from the recommended treatment guidelines for COVID-19 by ICMR because of which of the following reasons? 1. With the PLACID Trial no benefit was found in reducing mortality, or on improving patient

outcomes. 2. Some experts have said the use of such plasma may have even played a role in facilitating

new worrisome mutations to the virus. Choose from the code below –

a. 1 only b. 2 only c. Both d. Neither

Consider the following Statements –

1. Add a column in hospital admission forms asking patients to specify in whose custody

their children could be left in case of any eventuality.

2. Only a district CWC could decide the future of children found orphaned in circumstances

like of the Covid-19

3. adoption for such children was r the first best option, and recommended kinship care as

the 2nd most suitable alternative..

Which of the above statements are Correct regarding the scenario of adoptions for children

orphaned due to the Pandemic?

a. 1 alone b. 1 and 3 c. 1 and 2 d. All of the above

Answer – C

NOTE: adoption for such children was neither the first nor the best option, and recommended kinship care as a more suitable alternative. “We have learnt from disasters such as the tsunami of 2004, cyclones in Odisha, and the Latur and Kutch earthquakes that if children have faced one crisis such as a loss of a family member or separation from their parents due to death and desertion, then the emotional trauma for them is very high. Over the years, we have learnt that the best way to respond to such a crisis is to retain the child within the birth family so that the child doesn’t face double trauma. In the case of COVID-19 orphans, they may have grandparents or uncle and aunts who are willing to take care of them. The intervention required in such situations is assistance and support for the prevention of family separation.

1. The Ministry of Women and Child Development and all State departments concerned should immediately roll out a kinship care programme and make it part of foster care provisions under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015

2. additional measures should be taken such as assigning DCPUs the task of surveillance as well as follow up of children directly affected due to the loss of one or both parents, or those whose parents were in hospital with nobody to look after them.

3. State governments must make kinship care part of the child protection system such as Maharashtra’s Bal Sangopan Yojana, where the State grants educational support of ₹1,000 per month to families to look after orphaned children.

4. Where relatives are interested to help, as in the case of the Uttar Pradesh family, they could follow the Hindu Adoption and Maintenance Act, 1956, or the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015, to adopt or seek legal custody under the Guardianship and Wards Act, 1890.

5.



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