Food technology GMF

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FOOD TECHNOLOGY : GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS ONE OF THE LATEST BUT MOST CONTROVERSIONAL FOOD TECHNOLOGY OF ALL TIME…..” PREPARED BY: MARYUMAH BINTI CHE ABDULLAH (2013886986) UMMU HANIE BINTI AG ALI (2013654514) NURFATIN RAFHANAH BINTI RAZALI (2013816022)

Transcript of Food technology GMF

Page 1: Food technology GMF

FOOD TECHNOLOGY :GENETICALLY MODIFIED FOODS

“ONE OF THE LATEST BUT MOST CONTROVERSIONAL FOOD TECHNOLOGY OF ALL

TIME…..”PREPARED BY:

MARYUMAH BINTI CHE ABDULLAH (2013886986)UMMU HANIE BINTI AG ALI (2013654514)NURFATIN RAFHANAH BINTI RAZALI (2013816022)

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INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION

Genetically

Modified Organisms (GMO)

Accidental

or Resea

rch

Genetically

Modified Food (GMF)*Focus on food This technique is referring to

the changes in the organization of the genetic

structure in an organism through “genetic

engineering” techniques.Which means involving the movement of one gene or

genes from one organism to another.

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EXAMPLES OF POPULAR GMO & GMF PRODUCTS

SOYBEANS COTTON CARROTS

CORN CANOLA OILGOLDEN RICE

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BUT……THE MOST POPULAR ONE IS??

TOMATOES

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INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITION

• Reasons behind GMF’s existence??

Demographic Growth

Globalization of Trade

Needs of improving the certain original

characteristics of the crops

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HISTORY OF GMF

• The scientists found out that DNA can be transferred between organisms in the year of 1946.

• This technique has been first commercialized around 1994 when the first transgenic Flavr Savr tomatoes are sold in the commercial market in the USA.

• This technique has been applied because:• It can delays the fruit softening process , so the

tomatoes can last for a longer period and produces better taste.

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BACKGROUND OR ORIGIN OF GMF

• Genetic engineering food industry has been started by a Canadian biotechnology company in the United State of America (USA) named Calgene Company.

• This company is the first company that has invented and marketed the first transgenic tomatoes called as Flavr Savr tomatoes.

• The tomatoes are being engineered to delay their ripening process, even after being picked. In fact, it will have a longer shelf life compared to an ordinary tomatoes.

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LATEST NEWS OF GMF

• The transgenic crops developments have been growing larger time by time and have been commercialized wider since the first experiment.

• Even now, the researches and developments of these technologies are still being renewed and modified year by year.

• This will make the number of GMF product are increasing tremendously.

• As of the year 2013, it is roughly about 85 % of GMF corn, 91 % of soy beans, and 88 % of genetically modified cotton are produced in the U.S.A .

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DEVELOPMENT• Our ancestors used “selective breeding” techniques on

their stocks and crops to achieved crops and stocks according to the characteristics that they wanted.

• Selective Breeding:• The people pick the best quality genes of two

species and combined them together through breeding process.

• This classical technique has led to the existence of the modern staple crops such as wheat, maize and rice.

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DEVELOPMENT• Genetic Modified Food :• A procedure that transfers the wanted gene from one species

to another species by crossing their genes and recombined them together.

• Helps to get a product with all the qualities that they desired.• More systematic and accurate because it’s using a lab test

and researches.• In the of 1994, the scientists used this technique on

tomatoes and sold it. • Then, they make another product using a papaya, which

called “Rainbow Papaya” which is invented to solves the Hawaii’s papaya’s crisis in the 1990’s.

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GMO & GMF’S TIMELINE (BRIEFLY & SELECTED ONLY)

1972 -1973 •Two biochemists found a way to insert single strand of DNA into a cut bacteria.

1983 •The antibiotic- resistant tobacco is the first genetic modified plant has been invented.

1990 •Rennet usage in cheese making has been replaced with approved lab produced “chymosin” enzyme.

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GMO & GMF’S TIMELINE (BRIEFLY & SELECTED ONLY)

1991 •US Department of Agriculture have given approval to a company named DNA Plant Technology to test on tomatoes with added fish gene.

1994 •A transgenic tomatoes, Flavr Savr being approved to sold commercially. However, it then became a failure because of the higher cost and similar bland taste as the conventional tomatoes which makes it did not successful in attracting the consumer.

1995 •The Roundup Ready Soybean, the herbicide resistant soybean has been introduced (A Brief History of Genetic Modification, n.d).

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GMO & GMF’S TIMELINE (BRIEFLY & SELECTED ONLY)

1996 •Aqua Advantage Salmon’s data has been submitted to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

2000 •Golden Rice with addition of beta- carotene nutrient has been invented.

2003 •The first genetically modified fish pet, Glofish has entered the US Market.

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GMO & GMF’S TIMELINE (BRIEFLY & SELECTED ONLY)

2004 •A genetically modified Blue Rose has been made in the lab after thirteen years of the two company collaboration from Australia and Japan.

2005- 2006

•Zucchini has been genetically modified to be resistant to viruses.

2010-2012

• Amflora potato has been approved in industrial application after two decades of research and tests efforts.

• Only Fortuna potato of the Genetic Modified Food (GMF) potatoes have been approved for human consumption and animal feed after the first GM potato attempt to enter the commercial market in fast food industry failed.

• Non- Browning Arctic Apple has been produced by a company named Okanagan Specialty Fruits Company.

• On December 2012, there is still none of the animal GM that have been approved as human food even though GM animal has been approved for non – food products.

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LATEST DISCOVERIES• Nutritious food with added nutrients and vitamins and also found a way

to make the crops produce higher yield of products and to be able to handle harsh growing conditions.

• Invented crops with either herbicide resistant , pesticide resistant or disease resistant characteristics.

• Found new way to increase the yield of the certain animals or sea creatures.

• Genetic Modified Food ( GMF) techniques being used to produce foods with higher nutritional value in order to provide a healthier choice of food to the public.

• The scientist also found a new way on how to make cheese without the usage of “rennet” which is extracted from the calf’s stomach which act as a cheese’s curdling agent.

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CHANGES THROUGHOUT THE TIME

NO DRASTIC CHANGES

LIMITATION OF PUBLIC

ACCEPTANCE

WHY??

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CURRENT TRENDS OR ISSUES RELATED TO THE TECHNOLOGY IN CONTRIBUTION TO

THE GASTRONOMY OR CULINARY WORLD1) Gene transfer to a non – target species / from

plants to animal or human.2) The power of pesticides and herbicides become

reduced.3) Side effects to the Genetically Modified Organism

itself or other organisms. 4) Allergic reactions.

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RELIGIONS & GMF

ISLAMJEWISHCHRISTIAN

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MYTHS & MISCONCEPTIONS OF GMF

• The poultry, pig and beefs are from antibiotics and hormones injected animals.

• Organic products are better than GMF products.

• There are tomatoes with fish genes in our market.

• In Malaysia, we never consume GMF products.

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GMF ARE SAFE OR NOT?

• The truth is??

VERSUSSAFE NOT SAFE

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THE END :)

“Education….is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world “ - Nelson

Mandela