Florida Water EnvironmentFlorida Water Environment Association Utility Council

(FWEAUC)(FWEAUC)

“The FWEAUC provides a forum in which utility council members from around the State discuss and fully vet important issues

facing our industry and take an active role in the adoption and implementation of effective wastewater legislation andimplementation of effective wastewater legislation and regulations at the Federal, State, and regional levels.”

FWEA Utility Council MembersFWEA Utility Council MembersAECOMArcadisBay County Utility Services

City of SarasotaCity of St. CloudCity of Tallahassee C f

Morrison Environmental LawMWH GlobalOkaloosa County UtilitiesO CBroward County

Carollo EngineersCity of Altamonte SpringsCity of Atlantic BeachCity of Boca Raton

City of TampaCity of Vero BeachCity of West Palm BeachClay County Utility AuthorityCPH, Inc.

Orange County UtilitiesOrlando Utilities CommissionPace Water System, Inc.Palm Beach County Water UtilitiesParsons BrinckerhoffCity of Boca Raton

City of CasselberryCity of ClearwaterCity of Cocoa BeachCity of Fort LauderdaleCit f F t W lt

CPH, Inc.Destin Water Users Inc.Emerald Coast Utilities AuthorityFort Pierce Utilities AuthorityGainesville Regional UtilitiesGreeley and Hansen

Parsons BrinckerhoffPinellas County UtilitiesPolk CountyPolston Applied TechnologiesPremier Magnesia, LLCReedy Creek Improvement DistrictCity of Fort Walton

City of Gulf BreezeCity of HollywoodCity of LargoCity of Margate

Greeley and HansenHazen and SawyerHDR Engineering, Inc.Hernando County UtilitiesHillsborough County Utilities

Reedy Creek Improvement District UtilitiesReiss EngineeringSanta Rosa CountySeminole County

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y gCity of Mount DoraCity of OcalaCity of OrlandoCity of Palm Coast City of Panama City

g yJEAJones Edmunds & AssociatesLee County UtilitiesMarion CountyMartin County Utilities

ySouth Central Regional Wastewater SystemSouth Walton Utilities, Inc.Tetra Tech Inc.Toho Water Authority

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City of Panama City City of Panama City Beach

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Martin County UtilitiesMiami-Dade Water & Sewer

Toho Water Authority

FWEAUC Past ParticipationThe FWEAUC has participated in numerous efforts to develop state and regional policies regarding the use, treatment and regulation of reclaimed watertreatment and regulation of reclaimed water. • Reclaimed Water Workgroup: Jan. 2009 – Dec. 2012

I d fi l t “P l P ” i M 2012– Issued final report “Purple Paper” in May 2012

• HB 639 (2012)– Clarified that reclaimed water is not a source to be

regulated by the state through consumptive use permitting.– Included Workgroup recommendations to incentivize the

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Included Workgroup recommendations to incentivize the use of reclaimed water through the use of impact offsets and substitution credits.

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FWEAUC Continued Participation• December 2015 FDEP report

– Result of the SB 536(2014) study to determine the best ways to expand the use of reclaimed water stormwaterways to expand the use of reclaimed water, stormwater and excess surface waters.

• The FWEAUC agrees with many of the report’s• The FWEAUC agrees with many of the report s proposals, such as recommendations to:– facilitate reclaimed water aquifer storage and recovery, q g y,– remove unnecessary barriers to supplementing reclaimed

water with stormwater, and

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– repeal outdated and non‐scientific restrictions on the use of reclaimed water to spray irrigate certain crops.

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FWEAUC Current Participation• To facilitate the Reclaimed Water Stakeholder’s

discussion the FWEA Utility Council has prepareddiscussion the FWEA Utility Council has prepared an analysis of: – How local community and geographic factors influence

reclaimed water use practices. – How a utility does not recover full costs thru reclaimed

water saleswater sales

• As a result, the FWEA Utility Council is also proposing several recommendations

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proposing several recommendations.

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Reuse Opportunities• Reuse of Reclaimed Water

– Offset use of groundwater & other limited sourcesOffset use of groundwater & other limited sources• Irrigation• Cooling• Potable• Potable• Other uses

– Groundwater rechargeg– Environmental restoration– Saltwater intrusion barrier

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– Surface water augmentation– Potable reuse

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Current Reuse in FloridaW

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Reuse Opportunities and Costs are Situation SpecificSituation Specific

• Feasibility of reuse opportunities vary for each utility.

• Reuse opportunities are affected by:– Proximity of reclaimed water use to supply– Amount of benefit (i.e. potable offset, recharge, etc.)– Seasonality/variability in supply & demand– Water quality needed by user

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– Regulatory constraints• Statewide • Local

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Reuse Opportunities and Costs are Situation SpecificSituation Specific

• Opportunities and costs for industrial, wetland and ppenvironmental restoration, and agricultural use are very case-specific

• Agricultural use also affected by:– Crop rotation– Regulatory limitations on reclaimed water use for food

cropsPublic perception

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– Public perception

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Overarching Economic Considerations

• Utility does not recover full costs thru reclaimed water sales.– Ratepayers should retain benefits of local utility reclaimed

water investments (i e meeting CUP requirementswater investments (i.e. meeting CUP requirements, potable offset, etc.)

• End users may have choice to use groundwater atEnd users may have choice to use groundwater at little or no cost– Potential end users often claim “Economic Infeasibility”

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Factors AffectingFactors Affecting Landscape p

Irrigation Costs

*The following slides use planning level cost estimates to

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The following slides use planning level cost estimates toprovide reclaimed water to bulk customers such as golf coursesor retail customers such as single family homes. For thepurposes of developing these scenarios it is assumed the total

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available reclaimed water supply is 2 million gallons per day.

End User Type, New Development vs. Retrofit, and Consumption FactorsRetrofit, and Consumption Factors

$49

 $60

d $49 

 $40

 $50

Delivered

$25 

$18

 $30

/gal/day D

$7 $12 

$18 

 $10

 $20

Capital $/

 $‐Bulk/Golf Course High Demand Residential

(12 000 l/ )Low Demand Residential

(3 000 l/ )

C

(12,000 gal/mo) (3,000 gal/mo)

New Development Retrofit

Supply and Demand Variations

140%

120%

Reclaimed Water Supplies

80%

100%

Seasonal Excess Water

Seasonal Excess Water

/Dem

and 

60%Supp

ly/

20%

40%

Limited Customer Base

0%Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Limited Customer Base to match existing supplies

Supply and Demand Variations

140%

Monthly demands greater than available supplies must be met using storage or supplemental

t

120%

Reclaimed Water Supplies

water.

80%

100%

man

d 

Seasonal Excess Water

Seasonal Excess Water

60%

Supp

ly/D

em

20%

40% Expanded Customer Base results in increased overall reclaimed water useLimited Customer Base

0%Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Limited Customer Base to match existing supplies

Supply & Demand Variation Challenges• Reliable delivery of reclaimed water to customers is

critical• Supplementation• Supplementation

– Requires effluent disposal when supplies exceed demands– Requires a reliable alternate water supply during the driest times of the

yearyear– Regulatory hurdles regarding use of alternative water supplies– Currently used in Altamonte Springs, Cape Coral and several other

utilitiesutilities

• Storage– 100% reuse requires ~120 days of storage (2mgd system = 240 million

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gallons of storage)– ASR may provide a cost effective storage option allowing greater

utilization of reclaimed water as well as other alternative water supplies.

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Factors AffectingFactors Affecting Aquifer RechargeAquifer Recharge

Opportunitiespp

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Aquifer Recharge is Dependent on Geology.gy

U Fl id A ifUpper Floridan Aquifer

Aquifer Recharge Case Study

$35

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$25

gal/da

y D

$15

$20

Capital $/

$10RIB Di t I j ti B ki h Di t I j ti F h

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RIBs Direct Injection, BrackishAquifer

Direct Injection, FreshWater Aquifer

*Adapted from - MWH, Feasibility of Using Reclaimed Water for Aquifer Recharge in the Tampa Bay Area, Task 4.0 Final Summary Report, 3/31/2009

Factors AffectingFactors Affecting Potable ReusePotable ReuseOpportunitiespp

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Potable Reuse• Potable reuse can be cost effective

– Successful implementation in California & Texas– No cost comparison at this time for Florida

• Further development needed in Florida• Factors affecting cost and feasibility

– Regulations including required treatmentg g q– Level of treatment– Concentrate disposal

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– Public education

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Potable Reuse Project Costs in Texas & CaliforniaCalifornia

$16.40 $16 00

 $18.00

$9 86

$11.82 

$12.46 

 $12.00

 $14.00

 $16.00

D $9.86 

$6.50  $8.00

 $10.00

al $

/ GPD

$2 00

 $4.00

 $6.00

Cap

it

 $‐

 $2.00

Dripping Laguna Madre Big Spring DPR 2012 ENCINA 2012 ENCINASprings WASTEWATER

AUTHORITYDPR

WASTEWATERAUTHORITY IPR

TexasTexasTexas

California

In Summary

• Florida is the national reuse leader• Geographic geologic & community factors• Geographic, geologic, & community factors

influence new reuse opportunitiesUtilities do not make mone on reclaimed ater• Utilities do not make money on reclaimed water

• Expanded reuse of reclaimed water could be f ilit t d bfacilitated by:– State & regional funding

Modest policy changes

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– Modest policy changes

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Recommendations

• FundingEstablish equitable and recurring funding for reclaimed

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– Establish equitable and recurring funding for reclaimed water projects including storage and supplementation.

– Alternative Water Supply Funding from FY’05-09Alternative Water Supply Funding from FY 05 09 • $985 Million (22% of total construction costs)• 444 AWS projects constructed from FY’05-15 @ $4.5 Billion

– Resulted in 807 MGD

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Recommendations• Incentives

Expand Existing Offset and Credit Policies

I

p g– CUPs using an impact offset or substitution credit

should be considered “in the public interest”.– Identify eligible practices, such as use of reclaimed

water for surface water flow augmentation, salt water intrusion prevention and mitigation, and aquiferintrusion prevention and mitigation, and aquifer recharge.

– Address circumstances where the creation of supply d d d

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precedes demands

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RecommendationsR l t• Regulatory– Establish a presumption of economic feasibility for

reclaimed use in reuse service areas

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reclaimed use in reuse service areas.– Prioritize reclaimed water use over other alternative

sources in reuse service areas.– Limit new lawn and landscape wells when reclaimed

water is available and feasible.U d l i l i f l i d– Update rules governing supplementation of reclaimed water with surface or storm water to address unduly burdensome heightened disinfection requirements.

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g q– Regulatory audit of technical requirements in FDEP

rules (examples: setback requirements, crop restrictions)

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restrictions).

Recommendations• Education/Public Outreach

– Direct FDEP, FDACS, and the water management districts, to develop a guidance document for agricultural users on

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to develop a guidance document for agricultural users on evaluating the environmental, economical, and technical feasibility of using reclaimed water.

• Best Use– Regional Water Supply Planning should prioritize reclaimed

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water projects and be in concert with water supply planning as a tool to achieve the most cost effective way to enhance water resources and water supply

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water resources and water supply.

• TechnologyDevelop FDEP framework to permit potable reuse

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– Develop FDEP framework to permit potable reuse.

Appendix Slidespp

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FWEAUC Detailed Past ParticipationTh FWEAUC d it b h ti i t d i ff t t d lThe FWEAUC and its members have participated in numerous efforts to develop state and regional policies regarding the use, treatment and regulation of reclaimed water. • In 2009 the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) published• In 2009 the Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) published

a sixty-eight page report that included specific recommendations for the use and expansion of reclaimed water, conservation and consistency.

• At the request of Representative Trudi Williams, the FWEAUC formed q p ,Reclaimed Water Policy Workgroup with FDEP, the water management districts, and other local government stakeholders. – From January 2009 through December 2012, this ad hoc workgroup of representatives

from FDEP the water management districts the FWEAUC Florida League of Citiesfrom FDEP, the water management districts, the FWEAUC, Florida League of Cities, individual local government utilities, and environmental consulting firms convened monthly meetings in Orlando to discuss how state regulatory policies could better optimize the reuse of reclaimed water.

I M 2012 th i d fi l t th “P l P ”

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• In May 2012, the group issued a final report – the “Purple Paper”. • The Workgroup continued to develop strategies and participate in rulemaking

to implement the recommendations of its 2012 report.

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FWEAUC Detailed Past and Continued Participation

• The intricacies of reclaimed water management and the investments made by utilities and their local ratepayers were recognized by the by the Legislature when it clarified in 2012 that reclaimed water is not a source to be regulated by the state through consumptive use permitting (HB 639 (2012)). – This legislation also included prior Workgroup recommendations to incentivize

th f l i d t th h th f i t ff t d b tit tithe use of reclaimed water through the use of impact offsets and substitution credits.

• In 2014, the Florida Legislature passed Senate Bill 536, which tasked the FDEP with conducting a study and generating a report to determinethe FDEP with conducting a study and generating a report to determine the best ways to expand the use of reclaimed water, stormwater and excess surface waters within our State.

• The final SB 536 Report was published in December 2015

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• The final SB 536 Report was published in December 2015. – The SB 536 Report provides significant environmental and technical information

that will prove useful in future efforts to further develop reclaimed water as a resource.

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FWEAUC Detailed Current Participation

• The Utility Council agrees with many of the SB 536 Report’s proposals, such as recommendations to:Report s proposals, such as recommendations to:– facilitate reclaimed water aquifer storage and recovery, – remove unnecessary barriers to supplementing reclaimed y pp g

water with stormwater, and – repeal outdated and non‐scientific restrictions on the use of

l i d t t i i t t ireclaimed water to spray irrigate certain crops.

• Some issues can be discussed and accomplished quickly and while others such as Potable Reuse will

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quickly and while others, such as Potable Reuse will take more time to fully vet and implement.

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FWEAUC Detailed Current Participation• To facilitate the Reclaimed Water Workgroup’s

discussion the FWEA Utility Council has prepareddiscussion the FWEA Utility Council has prepared an analysis of: – How local community and geographic factors influence

reclaimed water use practices. – How reclaimed water is a product is typically subsidized

by water/wastewater ratepayersby water/wastewater ratepayers

• As a result, the FWEA Utility Council is proposing several recommendations

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several recommendations.

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