Flora de Panamá. Fas 48

7/30/2019 Flora de Panam. Fas 48

1/92

Flora of Panama. Part VII. Fascicle ISource: Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden, Vol. 45, No. 1 (Feb., 1958), pp. 1-91Published by: Missouri Botanical Garden PressStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2394626

Accessed: 06/08/2010 17:48

Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at

http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless

you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you

may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use.

Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at

http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mobot.

Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed

page of such transmission.

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of

content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms

of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected].

Missouri Botanical Garden Press is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to

Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden.

http://www.jstor.org
http://www.jstor.org/stable/2394626?origin=JSTOR-pdfhttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mobothttp://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mobothttp://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsphttp://www.jstor.org/stable/2394626?origin=JSTOR-pdf


2/92

FLORA OF PANAMAPart VII. Fascicle 1PPASSIFLORACEAE

1. PASSIFLORA L.PASSIFLORAL. Sp.P1.955. 1753; Killip,n FieldMus.Publ. Bot. 19:1-613. 1938.GranadillaTourn. xRupp.]Adans.Fam.2:408. 1763.CiecaMedik.Malvenfam.7. 1787.MurucujaTourn.]Medik. oc.cit. 1787.Tacsoniauss. en. 98. 1789.Erndeliaeck.Elem.2:235. 1790.Distephanauss.nAnn.Mus. aris :396.1805.Psilanthususs.oc. it. 1805.Baldwinia af. nAmer.MonthlyMag.267. 1818,nonTorr.& Gray.Astephananthesory,nAnn.Gen.Sci.Phys. :138. 1819.Monactineirmaory,oc.cit. 1819.Anthactiniaory, oc.cit.139. 1819.PolyantheaC. in Mem.Soc.Phys.Geneve1:43 . 1822.Disemma abill.Sert.Austro-caled.8. 1824.Distephiaalisb. xDC. Prodr. :335. 1828.Astropheachb. onsp. 32. 1828.Blephistelmaaf.Fl. Tellur. :103. 1836.Macrophoraaf. oc.cit. 1836.Meioperisaf. oc.cit. 1836.Tripsilinaaf. oc.cit. 1836.Xerogonaaf. loc.cit. 1836.Peremisaf. oc.cit.104. 1836.Pericodiaaf. oc.cit. 1836.Synactila af. oc. cit. 1836.Odostelma af. oc.cit. 1836.Distephaniateud.Nom.1:521.1840.Dysosmia oem. ynops.Monogr. :149. 1846.Pentariaoem. oc.cit.131, 87. 1846.Decaloba oem. oc.cit. 131,152. 1846.Distemmaem.Fl. des Serres 36. 1847.Poggendorffiaarst.nLinnaea8:438.1856.Rathea arst. l. Colomb.1:77. 1859.Ceratosepalumerst.Rech.Fl. Amer.Centr.18. 1863.Herbaceous rwoody ianas,usually limbing y tendrils,arely rectherbs,shrubs, r smalltrees. Leavesalternate, etiolate, asifixedo peltate, imple rveryrarely ompound,ntire o deeply obed,occasionally ith large rregularglandularreas ocellate)upontheblade; petiole requentlyithfew to severalmoreor lessconspicuous lands. Tendrils olubile, olitary, imple, xillary r

* Assistedya grant rom heNational cience oundation.IssuedMarch20, 1958. (1)(1)


3/92

[Vol. 452 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENproduced rom he inflorescence.nflorescencexillary, sually1-flowered,essfrequentlyymose nd few-flowered,hepeduncle ointed nd thereproducingusually3 inconspicuousnd setaceous o large and petaloid nvolucrate racts.Flowershermaphrodite,ctinomorphic,requentlyargeand showy, erigynous.Hypanthiumhallow o relativelyeep, he epals ,valvate, suallywith cornic-ulateprocess oward he tip in the arge-floweredpecies; etals5, rarely bsent,insertedt themargin f thehypanthium,reen o highly olored;coronaofnumerous etaloid ilamentsn 1 to several entripetallyecreasingeries nsertedon themargin f the hypanthiumt the baseof the corolla. Pistil nd stamensborneupon a moreor lesselongate ommon ndrogynophore;tamens , borneimmediatelyeneath he pistil, he anthers -celled,versatile; istil 3- or veryrarely -carpellate,heovary1-loculatewith 3 or very arely parietal lacentasbearing umerousvules, he 3-4 stigmas suallyquite sessile, ather longate,radial. Fruit n inflated erry, requentlyarge,globose o fusiform,ontainingnumerousmallhard lenticulareeds mmersedn abundantmucilaginous ulpderived rom hetesta.Although hePassifloraceaenclude fewsmallgenera f theOld Worldaswell, he argegenus assifloras confinedo theAmericasn its ndigenousistri-bution, lthough umerouspecieswith howy lowersnd edible ruits ave beenintroducednto thetropics f the EasternHemispherend are frequentlyulti-vated ngreenhousesn thecolderatitudes. n America ative pecies re foundfrom hesouth-centralnited tates oArgentina.Their xtremelyomplicatedndfrequentlyarge ndbrightlyolored lowershaveattractedeveral otanists o the special tudyof thePassifloras,he mostrecent f whom s E. P. Killip. In his study f Passiflora,illip recognizes53specieswhich redistributedmongst o less han22 subgenera,hieflyaseduponratherntricate ifferencesn flower tructure.Twenty-six pecieshave beendiscoverednPanama o which t least few additionsndoubtedlyill be madein the future. The present ccounthas beendrawnvery argely rom hatofKillip'smonumental ork, lthoughhekeys re originalnd thespecies oncepthasbeen hangedna fewminornstances.The authors f thisFlora regratefulto Mr.Killipfor hegenerousooperation hichhe hasgiven hem n thenamingoftheirtudymaterial vermanyyears.Early Spanishmissionarieso theNew Worldsaw in theradiant lowersfPassiflorasymbolftheCrucifixion,nd fromhis nspirationhe panish opularnamepasionariandtheEnglish Passionflower"ave had their rigin. Lessrev-erent panish ames f frequentpplication o various pecies re caizoncillondala de murcielago.The largepulpyberries f various pecies, articularlyhefrequentlyultivated. edulis ndP. quadrangularisre known s granadillasndare eaten aw or more ften ookedwithmilk o make kind fdessert.a. Flowers ypically ather mall,mostly ess than 5 cm. in diameter,usuallypaired rseveral t the nodes usually olitaryn P. punctata);sepalsnot corniculate oward the tip; bracts small and setose,veryinconspicuous;etiolar lands sually when resent.

(2)


4/92

1958]FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 3

b. Flowers 2 upon a commonelongatepeduncle, the associatedtendrilterminal; plants glabrous and very glaucous; leaves small, sub-orbicular, entire or nearly so; petiole with 2 foveate glands at thejuncture withthe blade - .-.-... 1. P. TRYPHIOSTEMMATOIDESbb. Flowers 1 or several upon paired (occasionally solitary) peduncles,theassociated endril asal.c. Petioleseglandular.d. Flowers few or several upon each peduncle; plants denselypubescent.2. P. SEXFLORAdd. Flowers solitaryupon each peduncle; plants glabrous or veryinconspicuously ubescent.e. Leavesbasifixed; tipulesminute nd setose.f. Peduncles ointed at about the middle or somewhatbelow;flowers sually paired at the nodes. . 3. P. BIFLORAff. Peduncles jointed far above the middle, almost directlybeneath he flower.g. Leaves about twice as long as broad or nearly so, verybroadly3-lobedwith the central obe stronger, ccasion-ally nearlyentire;flowers sually pairedat the nodes 4. P. LANCEARIAgg. Leaves about as broad as long; flowers sually paired atthe nodes.h. Leaves with 2 strongly scending ateral lobes, rarelywith a weak central obe; petalsabsent.......................... 5. P. APETALAhh. Leaves about equally 3-lobed; petals present. -.... 6. P. PANAMENSISggg. Leavesmuch broader than long,with 2 nearlytransverselateral obes; flowers sually solitary t thenodes.............. 7. P. PUNCTATAee. Leaves eccentricallypeltate, entire or if 3-lobed the centrallobe far stronger; stipules large and foliaceous,amplexicaul,ciliate-serrate, eciduous ................................................ 8. P. HAHNITcc. Petiolesglandular.d. Leaves eccentricallypeltate, deeply 3-lobed, the lateral lobesnearlytransversend as strong s the central to much stronger;stipules nconspicuous nd subsetaceous.------------------------------------------9.. CORIACEAdd. Leavesbasifixed.e. Flowerstypically2 or more upon a shortcommonpeduncle;leaves broadly 3-lobed, the lobes rounded,occasionally mu-cronulate,the central far stronger;petiolar glands inconspic-uous,broadlypoculiform..............1... ............ ........... 10. P. HOLOSERICEAee. Flowers solitary upon each peduncle; leaf -lobDes cute toacuminate; petiolarglandsconspicuously levated.f. Leaves entire or subentirewith the lateral lobes reducedtoinconspicuous ngles; petiolarglands very large and auric-ular,bornetowardthebaseof thepetiole................................. 11. P. AURICULATAff. Leaves definitely -lobed; petiolar glands rather nconspic-uous,borne aboutmidwayor higherupon thepetiole.g. Petiolar glands borne about midway upon the petiole;petals present, linear ........................ 12. P. PEDICULATAgg. Petiolar glands borne almost directly beneath the leafblade; petals absent........................ 13. P. SUBEROSAaa. Flowerstypicallyrather arge,mostlymore than 5 cm. in diameter, ol-itaryat the nodes (except occasionally n P. adenopoda); sepals usuallyconspicuously orniculate owardthe tip (except in P. pulchella and P.mnembranacea);ractsconspicuous nd involucrate, oliaceous or petala-ceous; petiolarglandsusuallymore than 2 whenpresent.b. Involucralbractsentire, errulate, r simply acerate.c. Sepalsnot corniculate;petiolesnot glandular.d. Leaves cuneately2-lobed,occasionallywith a small central obe;stipules nconspicuous nd subsetaceous; nvolucral bracts obo-vate,obtuseor acute at thebase, 1.0-1.5 cm. long; flowersbout4-6 cm. in diameter. ....................................................14. P. PULCHELLAdd. Leaves suborbicular,ndistinctly -lobed; stipulesconspicuouslyfoliaceous; involucral bracts suborbicular,deeplycordate,about3-5 cm. long; flowers bout 7-8 cm. in diameter........................ 15. P. MEMBRANACEAcc. Sepals corniculate; petiolesglandular.

(3')


5/92

[Vol. 454 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENd. Leaves palmately 3- to 7-parted to below the middle, the centrallobe somewhat contracted toward the base.e. Involucral bracts much shorter than the sepals, free and neverenvelopingthe flowerbud, serrateor lacerate.

f. Leaves 5- to 7-lobed (very rarely 3-lobed) petiolar glandsvery large and prominently tipitate, borne almost directlybeneath the leaf blade; involucral bracts lacerate; flowerspurple and white...................................................... 16. P. ADENOPODAff. Leaves 3-lobed; petiolar glands inconspicuous and sessile,borne toward the base of the petiole; involucral bractsglandular-serrulate;flowers carlet and yellow ...................... 17. P. VITIFOLIAee. Involucral bracts almost as long as the sepals, united towardthe base and completely enveloping the flower bud, entire;flowersviolet and white ...................................................... 18. P. WILLIAMSIIdd. Leaves entire,or palmately 3-lobed above or about the middleand with the central lobe not constrictedtoward the base.e. Leaves 3-lobed.f. Plants more or less pilose; leaves lobed above the middle, thecentral lobe much stronger; petioles with 2 to several pairsof glands; involucral bracts rathernarrowly anceolate, foli-aceous ...................................................... 19. P. MENISPERMIFOLIAff. Plants glabrous; leaves lobed to about the middle, the 3 lobessubequal; petioles with 1 pair of glands; involucral bractsbroadly ovate, somewhat petalaceous...................................... 20. P. SUBPELTATAee. Leaves entire, deeply cordate in some species.f. Stipules very conspicuouslyfoliaceous.g. Stipules equilateral, deciduous; involucral bracts about aslong as the sepals.h. Stems not winged; leaves deeply cordate; petioles withfiliformglands. ....................................................... 21. P. LIGULARIS

hh. Stems prominentlywinged; leaves rounded at the baseto obscurelycordate; petioleswith ovoid glands .. . 22. P. QUADRANGULARISgg. Stipules strongly nequilateral, persistent; nvolucral bractsabout half as long as the sepals............................................ 23 P. OERSTEDIIff. Stipules inconspicuous and subsetaceousor barely foliaceous.g. Leaves obtuse or very slightly cordate at the base; in-volucral bracts free.h. Leaves entire; petioles glandular at the middle orbelow; flowersmaroon, purple and white...................... 24. P. AMBIGUAhh. Leaves serrate or serrulate; petioles glandular above themiddle; flowerswhite and purple.................................... 25. P. NITIDAgg. Leaves deeply cordate at the base; petioles glandulardirectlybeneath the leaf blade; involucral bracts unitedat the base; flowers urple and white .................................. 26. P. SEEMANNIIbb. Involucral bracts complexly2- or 3-pinnatifid, ach filiformdivisiongland-tipped; plants hirsutulose; petioles with scattered gland-tippedhairs; flowersgreenishwhite more or less tingedwith purple.............. 27 P. FOETIDA

Otherspecies, t present nownfromCosta Rica and Colombia, re to beexpectednPanama swell.1. PASSIFLORA TRYPHOSTEMMATOIDES Harms, n Engl. Bot. Jahrb.18: Beibl.46:6. 1894;Killip,nFieldMus.Publ.Bot. 19:81. 1938.Passiflora racilimmaKillip, in Journ.Wash. Acad. Sci. 14:112. fig.2b. 1924.Plants lender,limbing, labrous nd veryglaucous hroughout. eaves ong-petiolate,imple,ntire,uborbicular,bout 1.5-4 cm. ong nd 1.5-3.0 cm. broad,very ale beneath,arkerbove; petioles ery lender,bout1-2 cm. ong,bearing2 rathernconspicuousoveate lands t the uncturewiththe eaf blade; stipulessetose, ery nconspicuous. nflorescencef 2 greenish hite flowers pon an

(4)


6/92

195 8 FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 5elongatecommonpeduncle,the associatedtendrilterminal;peduncle 0.5-4.5 cm.long; pedicels 1.5-4.0 cm. long, jointed somewhatabove the middle, the bractsminutely etose,deciduous. Flowers1.5-4.0 cm. in diameter; epalsoblong,about0.7-1.5 cm. long,not corniculate;petalsnarrowly blong,0.5-1.0 cm. long; fila-mentsof thecorona n a singleseries, iliform,-5 mm. long. Berry ubglobose oovoid, 3-6 cm. long, greenishyellow.Panama and Colombia, n wet forests f middleelevations.

BOCAS DEL TORO: Fish Creek Hills, Von Wedel 42I, 38o. CHIRIQUi: exact ocalityuncertain,Hart I04.There seemsto be little room for doubt that P. tryphostemmatoidesnd P.gracilimmaare conspecific (cf. Killip, in Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 19:82. 1838),

since theyare not closelyrelatedto otherspecies,theircharactersoverlap or atleast intergrade, nd bothhave been reportedfromcloselyadjacent stationsbothin Panama and Colombia. No intermediate tations between Bocas del Toro(probablyHart's "Chiriqui") and the Atrato valley in Colombia have been dis-coveredas yet,but they are to be expectedsince the Caribbean coast of Panamastill is knownso poorly.2. PASSIFLORA SEXFLORA Juss. in Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6:110. pA. 7. fig. 2.1805; Killip, in Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 19:129. 1938.Passiflora annosaJ.E. Sm. in Rees, Cycl. 20: Passiflora o. 28. 1819.Passiflora apsularisvar. geminiflora C. Prodr. 3:325. 1828 (as geminifolia).Meioperispannosa (J. E. Sm.) Raf. Fl. Tellur. 4:103. 1838.CiecapannosaJ. E. Sm.) M. Roem.Fam.Nat. Syn.2:148. 1846.Decaloba sexflora Juss.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 164. 1846.Passifloraloribundaem.Fl. desSerres :335b. 1848.Passiflora rifloraMacf. Fl. Jam.2:149. 1850.Passifloramiraflorensisillip, in Journ.Wash. Acad. Sci. 14:109. 1924.PassiflorasotrilobaCuf. Archivio Bot. 9:196. 1933.

Plants rather lender, limbing,densely pubescentthroughout. Leaves petio-late, simple,basifixed, ubtrapezoid,the top salientlyand acutely 2-lobed, occa-sionallywith a smallercentral obe, thebase roundedor slightly ordate,3-9 cm.long, 4-10 cm. broad; petioles 1-3 cm. long, eglandular;stipulessubulate,about5 mm. long. Inflorescencebearing 2-10 greenish-white, urple-tingedflowersupon a commonpeduncle 2-3 cm. long, the associated tendrilbasal; pedicels 1.0-1.5 cm. long, subtendedby an inconspicuous ubulatebract. Flowers2-3 cm. indiameter;sepalsoblong-lanceolate, -15 mm. long, not corniculate;petals linear,about 10 mm. long; filaments f the corona in 2 series, heouterabout as long asthe petals. Fruit subglobose,5-10 mm. in diameter, reenishyellow.SouthernFlorida; Mexico to northernColombia; GreaterAntilles. Clearingsin wet forests, 1300-2000 m. in Panama.BOCAS DEL TORO: Robalo Trail, northernlopesof CerroHorqueta,Allen 4928.CHIRIQUI: Bajo Mono, Boquete District, Davidson 49I; vicinity of Bajo Mona and Que-brada Chiquero, Woodson & Schery5i9; valley of the upper Rio Chiriqui Viejo, vicinityofMonte irio, eibert80; Rio Ladrillo,boveEl Boquete, ittier 286.

(5)


7/92

tVot. 4S6 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN

Fig. 1. Passiflorasexflora

(6)


8/92

t958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 73. PASSIFLORA BIFLORA Lam. Encycl. 3:36. 1789; Killip, in Field Mus. Publ. Bot.19:185. 1938.PassifloraunataJ.E. Sm. Icon. P1. Rar. 11: pI. I. 1790, non Juss. nec Vell. necque Poepp.& Endl.Passifloralabrata BK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2:135. 1817.Ciecaglabrata HBK.) M. Roem.Fam. Nat. Syn.2:143. 1846.Decaloba bifloraLam.) M. Roem. oc.cit. 2:161. 1846.Decaloba bifloraar. majorM. Roem. oc. cit. 1846.Decalobabifloraar. mexicanaM. Roem. oc.cit. 1846.Passifloraunata ar. costataMast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 131:552. 1872.Passiflorapathulata ast. oc. cit. 1872.Passiflorarighami. Wats. in Proc.Amer.Acad.21:473. 1887.Passifloraransversaast. in Bot. Gaz. 16:7. 1891.

Plants rather lender, limbing, ssentially labrous throughout, he stems con-spicuously striate. Leaves rather hortlypetiolate, simple,basifixed, ubtrapezoid,the top saliently and obtusely 2-lobed, occasionally with a smaller central lobeor mucro, the base obtuse to broadlyrounded,1-10 cm. long, 5-10 cm. broad,conspicuouslyglandular-ocellate; petioles 0.5-3.0 cm. long eglandular; stipulesminutely setose. Inflorescences earingsolitarygreenishwhite or yellow flowersupon paired peduncles,the associatedtendrilbasal; peduncles about 1.0-1.5 cm.long, jointed at about the middleor somewhat below; bracts veryinconspicuous,subsetaceous. Flowers 3-4 cm. in diameter; sepals ovate-lanceolate, bout 1 cm.long, not corniculate; petals oblong-lanceolate, lightlyshorterthan the sepals;filaments f the corona in 2 series, he outer about as long as the petals. Fruitsubglobose,1-2 cm. in diameter,greenishyellow.Mexico to Colombia and Venezuela; Bahamas; fromnearsea level to about 1,500m. Widelydistributednd common n Panama.

BOCAS DEL TORO: Shepherdsland,Von Wedel2694,2737; WaterValley,Von Wedel598, I697; Snapper oint,Von Wedel 2645; vicinityof Chiriqui Lagoon, Von Wedel 84,I218, I305. CANAL ZONE: AnconHill,Woodson, llen& Seibert I6; Chagres, endlerI2I; Ancon, Pittier2578, Standley I2I07; Culebra, Pittier09I, Standley 25982; Empireto Mandinga, iper 520; Fort Sherman,tandley I040, 3II84, Stevens046; Frijoles,Piper5806; Barro Colorado Island, Bailey & Bailey 3II, Wetmore& Abbe I40, Wood-worth& Vestal307. CHIRIQUI: El Boquete,Killip3608; David, Killip3640. COCLE:Penonome,Williams 26. COLON: Porto Bello,Pittier 246I; Catival, Standley 0349.PANAMA: PanamaVieja to BellaVista,Allen826; Las Sabanas, tandley 5835; TabogaIsland, Standley 27844, Pittier3607; San Jose Island, Erlanson I83, 2I9, Johnston809,II89, 549; Tumba Muerto Road near Panama', Standley 29802; Trapiche Island, MillerI893; Taboguilla sland,Miller 0II.

Popular names of this weedy climberare guate-guate,camacarlata, and cal-zoncillo.4. PASSIFLORA LANCEARIA Mast. in Journ. Bot. 23:114. 1885; Killip, in FieldMus. Publ. Bot. 19:160. 1938.Passifloraalamancensisillip,nJourn.Wash.Acad.Sci. 12:260. 1922.

Rathermassiveclimbers, ssentially labrous throughout. Leaves rather ong-petiolate, simple,basifixed, blong-elliptic nd entireto the tip or very broadly(7)


9/92

[V l 458 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN3-lobedwith the central obestrongerhan the ateral, btuse o rounded t thebase,5-12 cm. ong,2-9 cm.broad,membranaceouso subcoriaceous,atheron-spicuously landular-ocellate;etioles -4 cm. long,eglandular; tipules ubseta-ceous, inconspicuous. Inflorescencesearing solitarygreenish-white,aintlypurple-tingedlowersponusuallypairedpeduncles,heassociated endril asal;pedunclesbout2-5 cm. ong, ointed ar bovethemiddle lmost irectlyeneaththeflower; racts nconspicuouslyubsetaceous.Flowers3-4 cm. in diameter;sepals vate-lanceolate,.0-1.5cm. long,not corniculate,labrous o more r lesspuberulent ithin; etals bouthalf o onethird s longas the epals; ilamentsfthecorona n2 series, heouter bout s long s thepetals. Fruit ubglobose,-3cm. in diameter.

CostaRica andPanama, rom ear ea levelto about1,700m. altitude.BOCAS DEL TORO: Old Bank sland,VonWedel I20. CHIRIQUf: BajoChorro, oqueteDistrict, avidson 36.This sa representativef a very omplex roup fspecieshe ffinitiesfwhichare farfrom lear. Perhaps urplants hould e referredoP. mollisHBK.5. PASSIFLORA APETALA Killip, in Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:255. 1922.

Plants rather slender,climbing, glabrous throughout. Leaves rather long-petiolate, imple,basifixed, roadly cuneate-subtrapezoid, ith 2 strongly scendinglateral obes, rarelywith a weak central obe, broadlyobtuse or rounded t the base,3-10 cm. long and broad, inconspicuouslyglandular-ocellate; petioles 1-5 cm.long, eglandular; stipulesminute and subsetaceous. Inflorescences earing solitaryyellowish green flowersupon paired peduncles, the associated tendril basal; pe-duncles about 1.5-4.0 cm. long, ointed above the middle; bracts nconspicuous ndsubsetaceous. Flowers about 2 cm. in diameter; epals narrowly blong-lanceolate,about1 cm. ong,notcorniculate; etals bsent; ilamentsf thecorona n 1 series,about halfas long as the sepalsor less. Fruit globose, bout 1 cm. in diameter, arkpurple.Costa Rica and Panama, in clearingsof forests t 1,000-2,000 m.

CmpRIQUI:trail fromBambito o Cerro Punta, Allen3i6; Chiquero, avidson II;Bajo Mona,mouth f QuebradaChiquero,Woodson, llen Seibert oi6; Bajo Mona andQuebradaChiquero,Woodson Schery 83; vicinityf"New Switzerland",entral alleyof Rio ChiriquiViejo,Allen 346; valley fupperRio ChiriquiViejo, vicinityf MonteLirio, eibert 6o, G. White 5; AltoLino,Bro.Maurice 35.6. PASSIFLORA PANAMENSIS Killip, in Journ.Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:259. 1922.

Plants ratherslender, climbing, glabrous throughout. Leaves long-petiolate,simple,basifixed, roadly3-lobed,the lobes ascending, cute, and essentially qual,broadlyrounded at the base, 5-12 cm. long and broad, conspicuouslyglandular-ocellate; petioles 1.5-3.0 cm. long, eglandular; stipules inconspicuousand sub-setaceous. Inflorescences earing solitary greenish avender-tinged lowers uponpaired peduncles, the associated tendrilbasal; peduncles 2-4 cm. long, jointedalmost mmediately eneath heflower;bractsminute, ubsetaceous. Flowers about

(8)


10/92

19bJb8 FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 93 cm. in diameter;sepalsoblong-lanceolate, .0-1.5 cm. long; petalsoblanceolate,about halfas long as thesepals; filaments f the corona n 2 series, heouteraboutas long as the petals. Fruitglobose,about 2 cm. in diameter, urple.EasternPanama and adjacent Colombia, in lowland forests.

DARIEN: along ambui iver, ittier 556.7. PASSIFLORA PUNCTATA L. Sp. P1. 957. 1753; Killip, in Field Mus. Publ. Bot.19:183. 1938.Passiflora isera BK. Nov.Gen.& Sp. 2:136. 1817.Passiflora aximilianaory,nAnn.Gen.Sci. Phys.Brux.2:149. pI. 24. 1819.Passifloraespertilioer,Bot.Reg.7: pI.597. 1821,nonL.Passifloraiscolor ink& Otto, con.P1. Select.13: pI.5. 1828.Passifloraetusa ook.Bot.Misc.3:325. 1833.DecalobapunctataL.) M. Roem.Fam. Nat. Syn.2:156. 1846.CiecadiscolorLink& Otto) M. Roem. oc.cit.140. 1846.CiecamiseraHBK.) M. Roem. oc.cit. 1846.Passiflora icrocarpa ast. n Mart.Fl. Bras.131:556,593. 1872.Passifloraaticaulis illip,nJourn.WashAcad.Sci. 14:110. 1924.Passifloraranslinearisusby,n Ann.N. Y. Bot.Gard.7:309. 1927, npart.Passifloraongilobis oehne, n Linh.Telegr.MattoGrosso,Annex.5: Bot. 1:71. pI. 63.1910.

Slenderclimbers,glabrousor essentially o. Leaves petiolate, imple,basifixed,muchbroader hanlong,with2 nearly ransverseateral obesand usuallya slendercentralmucro or rarelya small central lobe, 0.5-3.0 cm. long, 3-10 cm. broad,conspicuously landular-ocellate; etioles1-6 cm. long, eglandular;stipulesminuteand subsetaceous. Inflorescencesuallysolitary nd bearinga singlegreenishwhite,occasionallypurple-tinged lower, he associatedtendrilbasal; peduncle 3-10 cm.long, jointed almost immediatelybeneath the flower; bracts inconspicuous andsetaceous. Flowers about 2-4 cm. in diameter;sepals ovate-lanceolate,1-2 cm.long; petalsnarrowly blong, 8-12 mm. long; filaments f the corona in 2 series,the outer almost equaling the petals. Fruit globose, 1.0-1.5 cm. in diameter,purple.Panama to Argentina, t low elevations n thickets nd forestclearings.

CANAL ZONE: BarroColorado sland,Woodworth Vestal457, 7I7, Bailey& Bailey258, Kenoyer 56, Wetmore Abbe 26, Bangham 74, Hunnewell9029; MonteLirio,Maxon 84I; betweenFrijoles and Monte Lirio,Killip 2I87; Trinidad River, ittier998.PANAMA: Mindi,Cowell 69; Rio Mindi, uttonHayes596; Baillemona,tevens 87.

It is questionablewhether . misera can be maintained s a speciesdistinctfromP. punctata since theirgeneralaspect,variationaltendency, nd geographicaldis-tributionhave so very much in common. They were kept separateby Killip,however,whowas of the opinionthatthe nnercoronafilamentsre linear,broadlydilatedat the apex and often obulatein P. miseraand filiformr capillary,rarelyminutely apitellate n P. punctata.8. PASSIFLORA HAHNII (Fourn.) Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 131:569. 1872.Disemma ahniiFourn. n Rev.Hort.41: pI.430. 1869.Passiflorauatemalensis. Wats. n Proc.Amer.Acad.22:473. 1887.

(9)


11/92

[Vol. 4510 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENRather lenderlimbers, labrous hroughout.Leaves petiolate,imple, eryeccentricallyeltate, roadly vate, ssentiallyntire r f 3-lobed hecentral obefar trongernd the ateral elativelynconspicuous,he base truncater broadlyrounded,-8 cm. ongand broad;petioles -3 cm.long, glandular;tipulesargeand foliaceous,nequilaterallyeniform,mplexicaul,iliate-serrate,bout 1 cm.long and 2 cm. broad,deciduous.Inflorescencesearing olitary ellowish-whiteflowersponpaired r solitary eduncles,he associatedendril asal; peduncles1.5-2.0 cm. long, ointed lmostmmediatelyeneath he flower; ractsminuteandsubulate. Flowersbout -6 cm. ndiameter;epals blong, -3 cm. ong,notcorniculate;etals imilaro the epals; ilamentsfthe orona n2 series, heouterabout 1.5 cm. ong. Fruitglobose, -4 cm. ndiameter,eeppurple.Southern exico oColombia,t low to middle levations.COCLE: mountainseyond a Pintada, 00-600m.,Hunter Allen629.

9. PASSIFLORACORIACEA Juss. in Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6:109. pA. 9, fig. . 1805;Killip,n FieldMus.Publ. Bot. 19:83. 1938.PassifloraifformisBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp.2:136. 1817.Passifloralypeata . E. Sm. nRees,Cycl. 26: Passiflorao. 20. 1819.MonactineirmaoriaceaJuss.)Bory, n Ann.Sci.Gen.Phys.Brux.2:138. 1819.CiecadifformisHBK.) M. Roem.Fam. Nat. Syn.2:140. 1846.CiecacoriaceaJuss.)M. Roem. oc.cit.148. 1846.Passifloraexocellatachlecht.n Linnaea 7:521. 1854.Passiflorabtusifoliaesse& Moc. pl. Nov.Hisp. 156. 1887.

Rather xtensivelimbersnconspicuouslyuberulento glabrate. Leavespeti-olate,simple, eryeccentricallyeltate, eeply3-lobed, he lateral obesratherabruptlycuminate ndnearly ransverse,s strong s the central obeto muchstronger,-7 cm. ong,6-25 cm.broad;petioles -4 cm. long,bearing ocellateglands ear he uncture ith he eafblade; tipules arrowlyinear, bout0.5 cm.long. Inflorescence terminal- to several-floweredaceme,withslightly oli-aceous,frequently -lobedbractssubtended y pairedocellateglands; pedicelsabout5 mm. ong. Flowers .5-3.5 cm.indiameter,reenishryellowish hite;sepals blong-lanceolate,.0-1.5 cm. ong,notcorniculate; etalsnone;filamentsofthecoronan 2 series,heoutermost-8 mm. ong. Fruitglobose, -2 cm. ndiameter,eepblue.Mexicoto British uianaandBolivia, romnear sea level to about2,000m.CANAL ZONE: Cocoli sland,Mirafloresake,P. White 6,G. White 33; LasCascadas,Standley 9594; DarienStation, tawdleyI617; Empire o Mandinga, iper5479; BarroColorado sland,Shattuck 7, Woodworth Vestal5oi. COCLE: El Valle de Anton,Allen 667, 4473. PANAMA: Alhajuela, ittier456.In someparts fCentralAmerica his peciess known s inurcielagoand alademurcielago ithreferenceo thepeculiar hape fthe eaves.

(10)


12/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 1110. PASSIFLORA HOLOSERICEA L. Sp. P1. 958. 1753; Killip, n FieldMus. Publ. Bot.19:99. 1938.DecalobaholosericeaL.) M. Roem.Fam.Nat. Syn.2:164. 1846.Rather coarse climbers, densely puberulent throughout. Leaves petiolate,simple,basifixed, roadly3-lobed, the lobes rounded and occasionallymucronulate,the central lobe far stronger, he base rounded to somewhat cordate, 5-10 cm.long, 4-8 cm. broad; petioles 1-3 cm. long, the glands rather nconspicuousandbroadly poculiform; stipules inconspicuous and filiform. Inflorescences suallypaired,corymbiform,ypicallybearing2 or moregreenishwhite or yellowflowersupon a very hort ommonpeduncle,the associated endril asal; commonpeduncles2-4 mm. long; pedicels about 1 cm. long; bracts inconspicuous and filiform.Flowers about 2-4 cm. in diameter, epals oblong-elliptic, bout 1.5 cm. long;petals broadlyelliptic, about 1 cm. long; filaments f the corona in 2 series,theouter nearly as long as the petals, flushedwithyellow and purple. Fruit globose,about 1.5 cm. in diameter.SouthernMexico to Colombia and Venezuela; Cuba. Lowland thickets o about700 m.

CHIRIQUI: vicinity f PuertoArmuelles, oodson Schery i6.11. PASSIFLORAAURICULATA HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2:131. 1817; Killip, n Field

Mus. Publ. Bot. 19:122. 1938.Passiflorappendiculata . F. W. Mey.Prim. l. Esseq.223. 1818.Passiflorayathophoraesv. in Ham. Prodr. 8. 1825.Passiflora ohrii C. Prodr. :326. 1828.Passiflorainerea oepp.& Endl.Nov. Gen.& Sp. 2:57. pI. 77. 1838.Cieca auriculataHBK.) M. Roem.Fam.Nat. Syn.2:143. 1846.CiecaappendiculataG. F. W. Mey.) M. Roem. oc.cit. 145. 1846.Cieca cinereaPoepp.& Endl.) M. Roem. oc.cit. 148. 1846.DecalobaRohrii DC.) M. Roem. oc.cit.156. 1846.DecalobacyathophoraDesv.) M. Roem. oc.cit.157. 1846.Passifloraegeliana arcke, n Linnaea 2:60. 1849.Passifloraorta ast. n Mart. l. Bras.131:548. 1872.Passifloraayaponioidesusby,n Bull.N. Y. Bot. Gard.8:107. 1912.Passifloraryptopetalaoehne, n Comm. Linh. Telegr.MattoGrossoAnn. Bot. 5:76.pI. 112. 1915.Rather coarse climbers,finely puberulent when young, becoming glabrate.Leaves petiolate, imple,basifixed, roadlyovate to ovate-lanceolate, ntireor sub-entirewith the lateral obes reduced to inconspicuous ngles, 4-15 cm. long, 2-10cm. broad,conspicuously cellate; petioles 1-3 cm. long, bearing2 very arge andauriculateglandsnear the base; stipulessetaceous, up to about 1 cm. long. In-

florescencesn pairs,bearing singlegreenish ellow,purple-tinged lower;peduncleabout 1 cm. long, jointed above the middle; bracts inconspicuousand setose.Flowersabout 2 cm. in diameter, reenish ellowor white and purple-tinged owardthe base; sepals narrowlyoblong-lanceolate, bout 1 cm. long, not corniculate;petals linear, about half as long as the sepals; filaments f the corona in 2 series,the outer about as long as the sepals. Fruit globose, 1.0-1.5 cm. in diameter,greenishyellow. (11)


13/92

[Vol. 4512 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENNicaragua to Bolivia and Brazil, from about sea level to 1,200 m.BOCAS DEL TORO: vicinityf ChiriquiLagoon,Von Wedel 202; WaterValley,VonWedel 703. CANAL ZONE: Chagres, endler22; Gatun, uttonHayes 463; AguaClara,Ft. Sherman, tandley 0949; Agua Clara Reservoir,tevens 95; BarroColorado sland,Standley1026, Zetek 364. DARIEN: Cana, Williams64.

12. PASSIFLORA PEDICULATA Mast. in Bot. Gaz. 23: 247. 1897; Killip, in FieldMus. Publ. Bot. 19:113. 1938.Rather coarseclimbers, labrousthroughout. eaves petiolate, imple,basifixed,broadly 3-lobed,the central obe stronger,more or less deeply cordate at the base,4-9 cm. long, 5-10 cm. broad, nconspicuously cellate; petioles1.5-5.0 cm. long,

rather nconspicuouslyglandular about midway or above; stipulesinconspicuousand subsetose. Inflorescencesolitary r paired, bearingsolitarygreenishyellow orwhite,purpletingedflowers; eduncles bout 2-4 cm. long, ointedaboutmidway;bracts inconspicuousand subsetaceous. Flowers about 3 cm. in diameter; sepalsoblong-lanceolate, bout 1.5 cm. long, not corniculate; petals linear,about 1 cm.long; filaments f the corona in 1 series, omewhat horter han the petals. Fruitnot seen.Costa Rica and westernPanama, near sea level to about 1,500 m.BOCAS DEL TORO: WaterValley,VonWedel 54.

13. PASSIFLORA SUBEROSA L. Sp. P1. 958. 1753; Killip, in Field Mus. Publ. Bot.19:88. 1938.PassifloraallidaL. loc. cit. 1753.Passiflorairsuta . loc. cit.958. 1753.Passiflora inima . loc.cit.959. 1753.PassifloraigraJacq.Obs. 2:27. pI.46, fig. . 1767.PassifloralabraMill.Gard.Dict. ed. 8. Passiflorao. 4. 1768.Passifloraeltata av.Diss.10:447. pI. 274. 1780.CiecaviridisMedic.Malvenfam.7. 1787.Ciecanigra Jacq.) Medic. oc. cit. 1787.Passiflorangustifoliaw.Prodr. 7. 1788.Passifloraarvifloraw.loc.cit. 1788Passifloraeterophyllaryand. n Ait. Hort. Kew.3:309. 1789,nonLam.Passifloraederaefoliaam.Encycl.3:38. 1789.Passifloraongifoliaam. oc. cit.40. 1789.Passifloraederacea av. Diss. 10:448. 1790.GranadillauberosaL.) Gaertn. ruct.& Sem.2:480. 1791.CiecaheterophyllaDryand.)Moench,Method. uppl.101. 1802.CiecasuberosaL.) Moench, oc.cit.102. 1802.CiecaminimaL.) Moench,oc. cit. 1802.Passifloraitoralis BK. Nov. Gen.& Sp.2:138. 1817.Baldwinia eltata Cav.) Raf. Amer.MonthlyMag.267. 1817.MonactineirmangustifoliaSw.) Bory,n Ann.G6n.Sci.Phys.Brux.2:138. 1819.MionactineirmainimaL.) Bory,oc. cit. 1819.MonactineirmauberosaL.) Bory,oc. cit. 1819.Monactineirmaeltata Cav.) Bory,oc.cit. 1819.MonactineirmaederaceaCav.) Bory,oc.cit. 1819.Passifloraliviformisell. Fl. Flum.9: pI.83. 1827.

(12)


14/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 13Passiflora lobosaVell. loc. cit. pl. 85. 1827.PassifloraKohautiana Presl,Fl. Bemerk.72. 1836.Passiflora illosaMacfad. Fl. Jam.2:151. 1837, non Vell.Meioperispeltata (Cav.) Raf. Fl. Tellur. 4:103. 1838.Meioperis uberosa (L). Raf. loc. cit. 1838.Meioperisminima (L.) Raf. loc. cit. 183 8.Meioperispallida (L.) Raf. loc. cit. 1838.Meioperis ngustifolia Sw.) Raf. loc. cit. 1838.Meioperishederacea (Cav.) Raf. loc. cit. 1838.PassifloraWareiNutt. in Silliman'sJourn. x Torr. & Gray,Fl. N. Amer. 1 539. 1838.Passiflora imbata Tenore, nd. Sem. Hort. Neapol. 12: 1839.Passiflora lexuosaGardn. in Lond. Journ.Bot. 1:174. 1842.Passiflora seudo-suberosa isch. Ind. Sem. Hort. Bot. Petropol. 9:82, ex Walp. Rep. 2:934.1843.Cieca peltata (Cav.) M. Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. 2:141. 1846.Cieca hederacea (Cav.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 1846.Cieca pallida (L.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 1846.Cieca angustifolia Sw.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 143. 1846.Cieca olivaeforinisMill.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 144. 1846.Cieca globosa (Vell.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 1846.Cieca litoralis HBK.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 145. 1846.Cieca pseudo-suberosaFisch.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 146. 1846.CieccaWarei (Nutt.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 1846.Cieca minima L.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 147. 1846.Cieca flexuosa Gardn.) M. Roem. loc. cit. 148. 1846.Cieca limbata (Tenore) M. Roem. loc. cit. 1846.PassiflorainearilobaHook. f. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 20:222. 1851.Passiflora ridactylites ook. f. loc. cit. 1851.Passiflora uberulaHook. f. loc. cit. 223. 1851.Passiflora uberosavar. divaricataGriseb. n Bonplandia 6:7. 1858.Passiflora uberosavar. minima (L.) Mast. in Trans. Linn. Soc. 27:630. 1871.Passiflora uberosavar. hirsuta L.) Mast. loc. cit. 1871.Passiflora uberosavar. angustifolia Sw.) Mast. loc. cit. 1871.Passiflora uberosavar. pallida (L.) Mast. loc. cit. 1871.Passiflora uberosavar. hederacea (Cav.) Mast. loc. cit. 1871.Passiflora uberosavar. lineariloba Hook. f.) Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 131:579. 1872.Passiflorauberosavar. longilobaTr. & Planch. in Ann. Sci. Nat. V. Bot. 17:157. 1873.Passiflora uberosavar. longipes . Wats. in Proc. Amer.Acad. 25:149. 1890.Passiflora alliaquatica Krause,in Bot. Centralbl.Beih. 322:340. 1914.

Slenderclimbers, labrousto denselypuberulent, he base of thestemsmore orless corky. Leaves petiolate, imple,basifixed, xtremely ariable,usuallydefinitely3-lobed,thecentral obe longer,rarely lmostentire3-12 cm. long,2-9 cm. broad,not ocellate or very inconspicuously o; petioles 1-2 cm. long, inconspicuouslyglandularnear the juncturewith the leaf blade; stipules nconspicuous nd linear.Inflorescencessually paired, ach bearinga singlesmall, greenish lower;pedunclesfiliform, -2 cm. long, jointed almost directlybeneath the flower;bracts veryminute. Flowersabout 1-3 cm. in diameter;sepals lanceolate,0.5-1.5 cm. long,not corniculate; petals absent; filaments f the corona in 2 series, he outer abouthalf as long as thesepals. Fruit globose,deep purple,0.5-1.5 cm. in diameter.

PeninsularFlorida and southernTexas; Mexico to Brazil and Argentina; Ba-hamas; Antilles;introduced n the Old World tropics. Lowland thickets. MeWon-cillo; huevode gallo.(13)


15/92

[Vol. 4514 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENPANAMA: Bella Vista, Standley 5357, Killip 2039; Nuevo San Francisco, Standley30733. SAN BLAS: PuertoObaldia,Pittier402.The preposterous ibliography estifies o the ubiquity and variability of P.suberosa. It is odd that it has been so infrequently ollected n Panama.

14. PASSIFLORA PULCHELLA HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2:134. 1817.Passifloraicornis ill. Gard. Dict. ed. 8. Passiflorao. 13. 1768.Passifloraotundifoliaacq.Obs. 2:26. pI. 46, fig. . 1767,nonL.Passifloraotundifoliaar. JacquiniiC. Prodr. :326. 1828.DecalobaJacquiniDC.) M. Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. 2:156. 1846.Passifloraivaricata riseb. n Bonplandia6:7. 1858.Passifloraulchella ar. bifidata ast. n Engl.Bot. Jahrb. :220. 1887.

Rather stout climbers,glabrous throughout. Leaves rather long-petiolate,simple,basifixed, roadly and cuneately 2-lobed, occasionallywith a small centrallobe, 2-6 cm. long, 3-9 cm. broad, rather inconspicuouslyglandular-ocellate;petioles1-3 cm. long, not glandular;stipules inear,5-10 mm.long. Inflorescencessolitary r rarely aired n the axils of the greatly educed uppermosteaves, bearingsolitary nvolucrateblue or lavenderflowers, he associated tendrils asal; peduncles5-8 cm. long, ointed directly eneaththeflower;bractsconspicuously nvolucrate,broadlyobovate, cuneate at thebase, entire,1.0-1.5 cm. long,pale greenoccasion-ally tingedwithpurple. Flowersabout 4-6 cm. in diameter; epals oblong,about2 cm. long, not corniculate;petals ovate-lanceolate, bout 1.5 cm. long; filamentsof the corona n several eries, he outer about as long as the petals. Fruit globose,about 1 cm. in diameter.SouthernMexico to Colombia and Venezuela; cultivated n Hawaii. Thicketsnear sea level.

CANAL ZONE: Fort Kobe Road, Woodson,Allen & Seibert 42I. PANAMA: BellaVista,Killip 2028, Bro.HeribertoI8; LasSabanas, tandley078I.This is one of the showiestPanamanian passionflowersecause the flowers, l-though not large, are bornein the very characteristic aceme-like lusters at thetips of the stems.

15. PASSIFLORA MEMBRANACEABenth.P1.Hartw. 83. 1841; Killip, in Field Mus.Publ. Bot. 19:234. 1938.CiecamembranaceaBenth.)M. Roem.Fam.Nat. Syn.2:140. 1841.

Rather stout climbers,glabrous throughout. Leaves rather shortlypetiolate,simple,barelypeltate, uborbicular nd very ndistinctly -lobed,the tip and laterallobes mucronulate, 5-10 cm. long and about as broad; petioles 2-3 cm. long,eglandular; stipulesconspicuously oliaceous,deeply cordate-reniformnd stronglyamplexicaul, 1.5-3.0 cm. broad. Inflorescences olitaryat the nodes, bearing asingle very strikinglynvolucrategreenishwhiteor creamflower;peduncles 10-15cm. long, ointed almost mmediately eneaththeflower;bractsvery broadlyovateor suborbicular, ery deeplycordate,4-5 cm. long and broad, pale green stronglysuffusedwith rose. Flowersabout 7-8 cm. in diameter; sepalsoblong-lanceolate,

(14)


16/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 15about cm. ong, ot orniculate;etals blong-elliptic,bout s ong sthe epals;filamentsf the oronan 2 series,heouter bout1 cm. ong. Fruitsblong-ovoid, aperedt the base,4-6 cm. long and2-3 cm.thick,yellowishreen.SouthernMexico to Panama, in highland forests.

CHIRIQUf: PotreroMuleto to summit, olcin de Chiriqui,Woodsond Schery 89;"New Switzerland",entral alley fRio ChiriquiViejo,Allen1394.This is one of the most distinctive nd attractive peciesof the genusby virtueof the elongate peduncles and large petalaceous bracts which almost equal theflowers.

16. PASSIFLORA ADENOPODA DC. Prodr. 3:330. 1828; Killip, in Field Mus. Publ.Bot. 19:222. 1938.Passifloracerifoliachlecht. Cham. n Linnaea :89. 1830.Dysosmia cerifoliaSchlecht. Cham.)M. Roem.Fam.Nat. Syn.2:151. 1846.CeratosepalurnmicranthumOerst.Amer.Centr. I. 17. 1863.Passifloraeratosepala ast. n Trans. inn.Soc. 27:630. 1871.Passiflora speraSesse Moc. Fl. Mex. 227. 1887.Coarse climbers,minutelyhispidulous o glabrate. Leaves long-petiolate, asi-fixed,deeply (3-) 5- to 7-lobed, the central and upper lobes stronger, cuminate,deeply cordate,7-15 cm. long, 8-17 cm. broad, membranaceous,hispiduloustoglabrate; petioles 3-8 cm. long, bearing 2 very largeprominently tipitateglandsnear the uncturewith the leaf blade; stipulesbroadlyovate, amplexicaul,denticu-late, 1.0-1.5 cm. long and broad, foliaceous, persistent. Inflorescences aired,bearing a single large purple and white flower; peduncle 3-4 cm. long, jointedsomewhatbelow the middle and therebearing 3 lacerate subfoliaceousbracts about1 cm. long. Flowers about 4-7 cm. in diameter; sepals oblong-lanceolate, -4 cm.long, prominently orniculate at the tip; petals narrowly lanceolate, 1.0-1.5cm. long; filaments f the corona in a single series, bout as long as the petals orslightly onger. Fruit globose, 2.0-2.5 cm. in diameter,greenishyellow, densely

puberulent.SouthernMexico to Venezuela and Peru at middle to higher levations.CHiIRIQUI: El Boquete,eemann 626.The Seeman collection was found by Killip at both Kew and the BritishMuseum; it was not examinedfor the presentaccount.

17. PASSIFLORA VITIFOLIA HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2:138. 1817, Killip, in FieldMus. Publ. Bot. 19:319. 1938.Passifloraanguinea . E. Sm. n Rees,Cycl. 26: Passiflorao. 45. 1819.Passiflorau-nicea. & P. ex DC. Prodr. :329. 1828.Tacsonia anguineaJ.E. Sm.) DC. loc. cit.334. 18 8.MacrophoraanguineaJ. E. Sm.) Raf. Fl. Tellur. :103. 1838.Passifloraerrulata ar.pubescens riseb.nBonplandia:7. 1858.Passifloraerviteizsisarst. n Linnaea 0:163. 1859.Tacsonia uchanani em. ll. Hort.14: pI.519. 1867.Rather coarse climbers,moreor lessdenselyferruginous-pubescenthroughout.

(1 5)


17/92

[Vol. 4516 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENLeaves petiolate, asifixed,ather nconspicuouslyerrulate,eeply3-lobed, hecentralobe stronger, ore r essdeeply ordate, -15 cm. long,8-17 cm.broad;petioles -6 cm. ong,bearing to several athernconspicuouslands oward hebase; stipulesubsetaceous,-5 mm. ong. Inflorescencesolitary, earing singlevery howy ellow ndscarlet lower; eduncle -8 cm. long, ointed lmost i-rectly eneathheflower; racts onspicuousndfoliaceous rsomewhat etaloid,lanceolate,glandular-serrateo nearly ntire,1.5-2.5 cm. long. Flowers10-15 cm.in diameter; sepals about 6-10 cm. long, corniculate; petals narrowly anceolate,nearlyas long as the sepals; filaments f the corona in 3 series, he outer 1.5-2.0cm. long. Fruits broadlyovoid, 3-6 cm. long, greenish ellow,denselypuberulent.

Nicaragua to Venezuela and Peru; Cuba and Jamaica; in lowland forests.Known as guate-guateand Pasionaria n Panama.

CANAL ZONE: Las CrucesTrail,Hunter& Allen456; BarroColoradosland,Wetmored Abbe76; between Summitand Gamboa,GreenmanfGreenman220; Chagres, endlerii8. CHIRIQUI: San Bartolom Woodson Schery7. COCLE: mountainsbeyond aPintada,Hunter Allen 58;El ValledeAnton,Allen66o. COLON: CampPifia,Allen343I. DARIEN: Marraganti,NWilliamsI50; Chepigana, Terry& Terry I374; Rio Sabana,Leopold II I26. PANAMA: Tapia River,JuanDiaz region,Maxon& Harvey6733,6678,6683, Standley 8IOI; TecumenRiver,Killip33I3; OrangeRiver,Killip 3335; Pacora,Bro.Paul 92.The dazzling flowersof P. vitifolia are frequentand widespread n lowlandthickets nd open forests hroughout he Republic.18. PASSIFLORA WILLIAMSII Killip, in Journ. Wash. Acad. Sci. 12:262. 1922; inField Mus. Publ. Bot. 19:355. 1938.

Coarse climbers, oftlyand denselypuberulentthroughout. Leaves petiolate,basifixed, eeply 3-lobed to somewhatbelow themiddle, the central obe strongerand somewhat contractedtoward the base, inconspicuously errulate, 8-15 cm.long, 9-16 cm. broad; petioles4-6 cm. long, with 2-3 ocellate glands towardthebase; stipules filiform,nconspicuous. Inflorescences olitary,bearing a singlehandsomeviolet flower;peduncle 1.0-1.5 cm. long, jointed directly beneath theflower;bracts involucrate,united toward the base and completely nvelopingtheflowerbefore anthesis, .5-3.5 cm. long, denselypuberulent,pale green. Flowersabout 6-7 cm. in diameter;sepals oblong, 3-4 cm. long; petals oblong-spatulate,2.0-2.5 cm. long; filaments f the corona in several series, heoutermost ess thanhalf as long as thepetals. Fruits unknown.Known onlyfromPanama, at middle and low elevations.

CANAL ZONE: between mpirendMandinga, iper48I; BarroColorado sland,Zetekl4352. COCLE: Bismarck,above Penonome, Williams 85. PANAMA: Las Sabanas, Bro.Paul308.This speciesbears 4 rather conspicuousocellate glands upon the leaf blade, oneach lobe towardthe base of thetwo sinuses;thecentral obe thuswith two glands,the lateralwith one apiece.

(I 6)


18/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 1719. PASSIFLORA MENISPERMIFOLIA HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 2:137. 1817; Killip,in Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 19:457. 1938.PassifloraillosaDombey, xTriana & Planch. n Ann.Sci. Nat. ser.5. 17:154. 1873, insynon.

Rather coarse climbers,more or less denselypilose to glabrate throughout.Leaves petiolate, basifixed,broadly 3-lobed to somewhat above the middle, thecentral lobe much stronger, sually inconspicuously errulatetoward the cordatebase,7-15 cm. long, 5-13 cm. broad; petioles2-5 cm. long, with 2 to severalpairsof slenderstipitate glands; stipules conspicuouslyfoliaceous,ovate-subreniform,deeply amplexicaul, 1.5-3.5 cm. long, glandular-denticulate o subentire. In-florescencesolitary,bearinga single white and purple flower;peduncle 4-6 cm.long, ointeddirectly elow the flower;bracts rathernarrowly anceolate,1-2 cm.long,foliaceous,with ratherfewglandulardenticulations o entire. Flowers about6 cm. in diameter; epalsnarrowly blong, 2-3 cm. long,corniculate; petalslinear-oblong, about equaling the sepals; filaments f the corona in several series, theoutermost bout half as long as the petals. Fruits broadlyovoid, 4-6 cm. long.Nicaragua to Peru and northernBrazil, from near sea level to about 1500 m.

BOCAS DEL TORO: vicinityf ChiriquiLagoon,Von Wedel 434, ii95, i406. CANALZONE: MaddenDam, Allen2007; Gatuncillo, iper5623; BarroColorado sland,Wood-worth& Vestal 637. CHIRIQUI: Boquete,Terry 28I. VERAGUAS: Sona', Woodson,Seibert& Allen 5I5.20. PASSIFLORA SUBPELTATA Ortega, Nov. Rar. P1. Hort. Matrit. 6:78. 1789;Killip, in Field Mus. Publ. Bot. 19:436. 1938.PassifloralbaLink& Otto, con. PI. Rar. 65. p1. 3. 1828.Passifloradenophyllaast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 131:568. 1872.Passifloratomaria lanch. x Mast. oc.cit.570. 1872.

Rather slenderclimbers,glabrous throughout. Leaves shortlypetiolate,basi-fixed, ery broadly3-lobedto about themiddle, he3 lobessubequal, rounded,with2-3 pairs of inconspicuous errulate lands n thesinuses, ounded to subcordate tthe base, 4-9 cm. long, 5-12 cm. broad; petioles2-6 cm. long,with 1 pair of in-conspicuous glandsat about themiddle; stipulesconspicuouslyfoliaceous,broadlyovate, 1-4 cm. long and about half as broad. Inflorescencesolitary,bearingasinglepurple and white flower; peduncle 2-5 cm. long, jointed directlybeneaththe flower;bracts conspicuously nvolucrate, broadly ovate, about 1.0-1.5 cm.long and broad, abruptly acuminate, pale green somewhat tinged with rose.Flowers about 5-7 cm. in diameter; sepals oblong, about 3 cm. long, very con-spicuously corniculate; petalsnarrowly anceolate,2.0-2.5 cm. long; filaments fthe corona in several series, he outermost bout equaling the petals. Fruits sub-globose,3-4 cm. in diameter.Mexico to Venezuela and Colombia, near sea level to about 2,800 m., inthickets nd open forest.

CANAL ZONE: Miraflores, hite& White 5; RedTank,Maxon6574. PANAMA: JuanDiaz, Standley205I; Taboga sland, tandley797I.(17)


19/92

[Vol. 4518 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN21. PASSIFLORA LIGULARIS Juss. in Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 6:113. PA.40. 1805;Killip, n FieldMus. Publ. Bot. 19:344. 1938.Passiflora erratistipulaC. Prodr.3:328. 1828.Rather stout climbers,glabrousthroughout. Leaves long-petiolate, asifixed,entire,broadlyovate, deeply cordate,abruptly subcaudate-acuminate, -17 cm.long, 6-15 cm. broad; petioles 5-15 cm. long,with 3-5 pairsof elongatefiliformglands; stipulesfoliaceous, vate, 1-3 cm. long. Inflorescencesolitary, earingasingleshowypale green,purple- and lavender-tinged lower; peduncles2-5 cm.long, ointeddirectlybeneaththe flower;bracts nvolucrate nd foliaceous, vate,2-4 cm. long. Flowersabout 7-9 cm. in diameter; epalsoblong, 3-5 cm. long;petalsnarrowly anceolate,3-4 cm. long; filaments f the corona in several series,the outermost bout as long as the petals. Fruitsbroadly ovoid, 6-8 cm. long,purplishyellow.SouthernMexico to Venezuela and Bolivia, in highland forests etween 1,000and 3,000 m.

CHIRIQUI: vicinity f Finca Lerida,Woodson& Schery238.22. PASSIFLORAQUADRANGULARIS L. Syst. Nat. 1248. 1759; Killip, in FieldMus.Publ. Bot. 19:335. 1938.Granadilla quadrangularis L.) Medic. Malvenfam.97. 1787.Passiflora etragonaM. Roem. Fam. Nat. Syn. 2:165. 1846.PassifloramacrocepsMast. in Gard. Chron. 1869:1012. 1869.

Coarse climberswith prominently ingedstems,glabrousthroughout. Leavespetiolate, asifixed,ntire, roadlyovate, abruptly nd shortly cuminate,roundedat the base to broadlycordate,10-20 cm. long, 8-15 cm. wide; petioles2-5 cm.long,withabout 3 pairs of ovoid glands; stipulesfoliaceous, vate, acuminate, -4cm. long. Inflorescences olitary,bearinga single greenishwhite flowerflushedwith rose or purple; peduncles 1.5-3.0 cm. long, jointed directlybeneath theflower;bractsdelicatelyfoliaceous,broadlyovate, cordate,entireor essentially o,2-4 cm. long and about as broad. Flowers about 8-12 cm. in diameter;sepalsbroadlyoblong, conspicuously orniculate, -5 cm. long; petals ovate-lanceolate,3-5 cm. long; filaments f thecorona n 5 series, bout equalingthepetals. Fruitsbroadlyoblongoid,up to 3 dm. long, pale yellowsomewhatflushedwithrose.Widely cultivated and escaping throughouttropical America; of uncertainorigin.CANAL ZONE: Chagres,Fendler Ig. PANAMA: JuanDiaz, Standley32057.This is one of the most popularedible passionfruits,nd is popularlyknownas granadillahroughoutts range n Spanish Americaand maracujan Brazil. Ithas a rather nsipid fruityflavor of indefinite uality, and although capable ofbeingeaten out of handit usually s made into a conserve r a thinpuddingafterboiling n milk.

(18)


20/92

FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 1923. PASSIFLORA QERSTEDIT Mast. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 131:562. 1872; Killip, in FieldMus. Publ. Bot. 19:418. 1938.Passiflora opulifoliaTriana& Planch. nAnn.Sci.Nat. ser. . 17:150. 1873.Passiflora urpusiiKillip, nJourn.Wash.Acad. Sci. 12:261. 1922.Passiflora isparKillip, oc.cit. 330. 1922.Rather slender limbers,glabrousthroughout. Leaves rather hortlypetiolate,basifixed, ntire,ovate or oblong-ovate,acuminate,roundedto deeplycordate atthe base, 6-13 cm. long, 3-9 cm. broad; petioles 1-3 cm. long, bearingseveralpairs of small stipitate glands; stipulesconspicuouslyfoliaceous,strongly nequi-lateral, narrowlyovate, caudate-cuspidate,entire, 1-4 cm. long. Inflorescencessolitary,bearing a single showy purple or lavender-roseflower; peduncles 3-6cm. long, jointed directlybeneaththe flower;bracts delicatelyfoliaceous,ovate,roundedor cordate at the base, 1.0-1.5 cm. long. Flowers about 6-8 cm. in di-ameter; sepals ovate-lanceolate,3-4 cm. long, conspicuouslycorniculate; petalslinear-oblanceolate,bout 1.5 cm. long; filaments f thecorona in manyseries, he

4~~~~~

Fig. 2. Passifloraersteduioutermostequaling the petals or somewhat longer. Fruits broadly ovoid, 4-6cm. long.SouthernMexico to Colombia and Venezuela, from near sea level to about1500 m., in open forest.

BOCAS DEL TORO: WaterValley,VonWedel 756. COCLE: La Mesa,north fEl ValledeAnton, llen 2399. CHIRIQUI: BajoMonaandQuebradaChiquero,Woodson Schery59I; VolcaineChiriqui,erry303.24. PASSIFLORA AMBIGUA Hemsl. in Curt. Bot. Mag. p1.7822. 1902; Killip, inFieldMus. Publ. Bot. 19:3 63. 1938.

(19)


21/92

[Vol. 4520 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENRather oarse limbers,labrous hroughoutr essentiallyo. Leavespetiolate,basifixed,ntire, vatetooblong-elliptic,cuminate,btuse r rounded t thebase,

10-20 cm. long,5-9 cm.broad, ather hickly oriaceous; etioles -3 cm. long,bearing thick cellate lands oward hebase; stipules iliform,elativelyncon-spicuous. Inflorescencesolitary, earing single howymaroon, ose, r purpleflower; eduncles -7 cm. long, ointeddirectly eneath he flower; ractsfree,ovate,3-6 cm. long,delicatelyubfoliaceousr somewhat etalaceous.Flowers8-12 cm. ndiameter;epals arrowlyblong, -6 cm. ong, athernconspicuouslycorniculate; etalsnarrowlyanceolate, -4 cm. long;filamentsf the corona nseveral eries,heoutermostbouthalf s longas thepetals. Fruits roadly void,10-12 cm.long,greenishellow.Southern exico o Panama, rom ear ea levelto about 1000 m., n thicketsandopenforest.BOCAS DEL TORO: Fish Creek Mountains, on Wedel 324; Columbus sland, VonWedelo. CANAL ZONE: Gatuin,utton ayes 30;BarroColorado sland,Bangharn66.COCLE: north im f El ValledeAnton,Allen686.

25. PASSIFLORA NITIDA HBK. Nov. Gen.& Sp. 2:130. 1817; Killip,n FieldMus.Publ.Bot. 19:374. 1938.Passifloraymphaeoidesarst. n Linnaea 0:165. 1859.

Rather oarse limbers, labrous hroughout. eavesratherhortly etiolate,basifixed,ather istantlyerrate r serrulate,t least toward hebase, broadlyelliptic o lanceolate,bruptlycuminate,ounded t thebase,9-18 cm. long,6-10 cm.broad, ubcoriaceous;etioles .0-1.5 cm. long,with2 large void glandssomewhat bovethemiddle; tipules nconspicuousnd filiform. nflorescencessolitary, earing single howywhite nd purple lower; eduncles -6 cm.long,jointed irectlyeneathheflower; racts ree, vate, ntire, -4 cm. long,foli-aceousor somewhat etalaceous.Flowers8-9 cm. in diameter; epalsoblong-elliptic, .0-4.5 cm.long, nconspicuouslyorniculate;etals bout as longas thesepals; ilamentsfthecorona n severaleries,heoutermostbouthalf s long sthepetals. Fruits bovoid, -6 cm. ong.Panamato northernraziland adjacentPeru, n lowland hicketsnd openforests.

CANAL ZONE: BarroColorado sland, hattuck 75; Summit, indsay30.26. PASSIFLORA SEEMANNII Griseb. n Bonplandia 6:7. 1858; Killip, in Field Mus.Publ.Bot. 19:347. 1938.Passiflorancana eemann,ex Mast. in Journ.Linn. Soc. 20:40. 1883, non Kerr, n synon.Passiflorarbifolialanch.& Linden,nAnn.Sci.Nat. ser.5. 17:150. 1873.Rather tout limbers,labrous hroughout. eavespetiolate, asifixed,ntire,broadly ordate-ovate,bruptlynd shortly piculate-acuminate,-10 cm. long,5-7 cm.broad;petioles -7 cm. long,with2 rathernconspicuousessile landsdirectly elowtheleafblade; stipules inear, bout 1 cm. long. Inflorescences

(20)


22/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Passifloraceae) 21solitary,earing singlehandsome hite r creamflowertronglyuffused ithpurple rviolet;peduncles-10 cm. ong,ointed irectlyelow heflower;ractsmore r lesspetalaceous,nited t thebaseandcompletelynvelopingheflowerbeforenthesis,-5 cm. ong.Flowersbout8-10 cm. ndiameter;epals arrowlyovate, 4-5 cm. long, rather nconspicuously orniculate;petals oblong-lanceolate,3-4 cm. long; filaments f the corona in 2 series,the outer about 1 cm. long.Fruitsovoid, 3-5 cm. long and broad.SouthernMexico to Colombia,at near sea level to about 1,500 m.

BOCAS DEL TORO: LincolnCreek,Rio Changuinola,unlap422; vicinity f ChiriquiLagoon,Von Wedel 260, I366; WaterValley,Von Wedel 679. CANAL ZONE: Bohio,Maxon 765; Gamboa, ittier5i5, Allen 930; betweenSummit and Gamboa, Greenmand Greenman22I; Gatuin,Bro. Heriberto 3; betweenMt. Hope and Sta. Rita Trail,Cowell 59; Las Cascadas,nearSummit, tandley 9566; East Paraiso,Standley 9838;QuebradaCulebra, odged Allen 7048; LasCrucesTrail,Hunter . n.; Chagres,.FendlerI20; Miraflores,hite White 2. COLON: between ranceField andCatival, tandley30286. DARIEN: Tucute,Chepigana istrict, erry Terry393. PANAMA: hills boveCampana, Allen 694; Tapia River, Maxond Harvey 730, Standley8I79, Killip 297;JuanDiaz, Standley0634.This handsome pecies has been introduced nto cultivation n Mexico,Nicara-gua, and Hawaii, accordingto Killip. According to Killip also, the leaves occa-sionallyare lobed,but thoseof all the specimens ited above are entire.

27. PASSIFLORA FOETIDA L. Sp. P1. 959. 1753; Killip, in Field Mus. Publ. Bot.19:481. 1938.Passifloraesicaria . Amoen.Acad. 5:3 82. 1760.Passifloraibiscifoliaam.Encycl. :39. 1789.PassiflorailiataDryand.n Ait.Hort.Kew.3:310. 1789.GranadillaoetidaL.) Gaertn. .Fruct.& Sem.1:289. 1790.Passifloraossypifoliaesv. nHamilt. rodr. l. W. I. 48. 1825.TripsilinaoetidaL.) Raf. Fl. Tellur. :103. 1838 (as fetida)Passifloraigellifloraook. Bot.Mag.pA. 635. 1839.Passifloraastata ertol. l. Guat.427. 1840.DysosmiaoetidaL.) M.Roem.Fam.Nat. Syn.2:149. 1846.DysosmiaossypiifoliaDesv.) M. Roem. oc.cit. 1846.Dysosmia astata Bertol.) M. Roem. oc. cit. 1846.Dysosmia ibiscifoliaLam.) M. Roem. oc.cit. 1846.Dysosmia iliata Dryand.)M.Roem. oc.cit. 1846.Dysosmia luminensis. Roem. oc.cit. 150. 1846.Dysosmia igellifloraHook.) M.Roem. oc. cit.151. 1846.Passifloraaraquinianaem. n llustr.Hort. 8: pA. 76. 1861.Passifloraiebmanni ast. nMart. l. Bras.131:547. 1872.Passifloraispida C. ex Triana& Planch. nAnn.Sci. Nat. ser.5. 17:172. 1873.Passiflora oritziana lanch. oc.cit.175. 1873.Passiflora uralis arb.Rodr. nContr.Jard. ot. RioJan.1:29. 1891.Passifloraalansae hod. nBull.Herb.Boiss. er.2. 2:744. 1902.Passifloraseudociliataritton,n Bull.Torrey ot. Club 44:19. 1917.(Alsoverynumerousarietal nd formal esignations).

Rather slender limbers, ommonlymoreor less yellow-pubescent hroughout,lessfrequently labrateor glabrous. Leaves petiolate,basifixed,xtremely ariable,in Panama chiefly roadly nd acutely3-lobedto about themiddle,thecentral obe(21)


23/92

LVol. 452f2 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENfarstronger, suallyabout 4-12 cm. long and wide; petiolesusuallyabout 2-6 cm.long, usually beset with mixed glandularand eglandularhairs; stipulessubseta-ceous, inconspicuous. Inflorescencesolitary,bearing a single greenishwhite oryellow, more or lesspurple-tinged lower;peduncles3-7 cm. long, jointeddirectlybeneaththe flower;bracts foliaceous,complexly2- or 3-pinnatifid,ach filiformdivisiongland-tipped, sually2-4 cm. long. Flowers about 4-6 cm. in diameter;sepals oblong-lanceolate, bout 2-3 cm. long, shortlycorniculate; petals oblong-oblanceolate,slightlyshorter han the sepals; filaments f the corona in severalseries, he outermost bout 1 cm. long. Fruits subglobose,yellowor orange,about2-3 cm. in diameter.Common throughouttropical America in lowland thickets and open forest,becominga weed.BOCAS DEL TORO: Old Bank sland,Von Wedel I42; WaterValley,Von Wedel 7i8,183I; vicinity f ChiriquiLagoon,Von Wedel1562. CANAL ZONE: Las CrucesTrail,Hunter & Allen 724; nearmouth f Rio Chagres, llen 899; Chagres,endler117; Ft. SanLorenzo,Maxon ValentineOI3; MatiasHernandez, ittier 954; GatunStation, uttonHayes597; AhorcaLagarto o Culebra, owell393; valley f Masambi, ittier 678; RioGrande,near Culebra,Pittier 089. CHIRIQUI: Ilanoswest of Gualaca, Allen 5048.COLON: PortoBello,Pittier474. DARIEN: trailbetween inogana nd Yavisa,Allen 92.PANAMA: Taboga sland,Miller 042, Pittier 569; Tapia River,Maxon 719.

Passiflora foetida must be frequent at low elevations in every province ofPanama. The species, although unmistakable, is extremely variable in small details,and Killip recognizedno less than 42 named varieties. All of the specimensenumerated bove he referred o var. isthmiaKillip.

CARICACEAESoft-wooded aticiferous hrubs nd small trees, sually dioeciousor monoeciousand with disproportionatelyhick,simpleor infrequently ranchingtrunksorna-

mentedwith large leaf scars. Leaves spiral,usuallyquite large and long-petiolate,exstipulate, he blade palmatelycompound or simpleand variously obed, rarelyentire. Inflorescencexillaryat the uppermostnodes, the staminatean extensiveand highlycompound thyrse, he pistillatemuch less compoundedand with fewerand largerflowers, he fruitsdeveloped at the base of the young growth andappearing cauliflorous. Flowers dichlamydeous,5-merous,regular, hypogynous,sympetalous ut usually mperfectlyo in thepistillate;calyxlobes 5, imbricateornearly pen n aestivation, sually nconspicuous;corolla salverform r infundibuli-formand with a well-developed ube in the staminate,more or less campanulateand rather mperfectlyympetalousn the pistillate,the limb 5-lobed with con-tortedaestivation;stamens10 in 2 whorls nsertednear the orificeof the corollatube, the antepetaloususually with somewhat shorterfilamentsthan the ante-sepalous, the filamentsoccasionally more or less petaloid or with petaloid ap-pendages,reduced to staminodiaor absent in pistillateflowers;pistil superior,3-to 5-carpellate, sually 1-celledand withparietalplacentation, arely3- to 5-celled

(22)


24/92

1958 1 FLORA OF PANAMA (Caricaceae) 23andwithaxileplacentation,heovulesnumerous,natropous,hestigmas -5,sessile r essentiallyo, usuallydichotomous,arely ubcapitate,educed o anacicular istilloderabsentnstaminatelowers. ruit veryarge orathermallsucculent - to 5-celled erry,henumerouseedswithpulpy estas ndfunicles.The Caricaceae are a small familyof four genera, ll tropicalAmericanexceptthe bitypicCylicomorphaof Africa. The plants are of strikingly ntediluvianaspectwith their tout,usuallysimpletrunksheavilyornamentedwith largespiralleaf scars and theirterminal rownsof fern-like eaves. The latex tubes,whichtraverse ll parts of the plant, are associatedwith various proteolytic nzymes,particularly apain.a. Leavespalmatelyompound; etals ntesepalous;vary5-celled--------------. JACARATIA

aa. Lcavespalmatelyobed;petals lternisepalous;vary -celled.-- 2. CARICA1. JACARATIA Marcgr. ex Endl.

JACARATIA Marcgr.ex Endl. Gen. 933. 1839 (as Jaracatia).PileusRamirez, n An. Inst.Med. Nac. Mex. 5:29. 1901.

Dioecious shrubsand trees,branchingratherfrequentlyfor the family,thetrunkbecomingverythick. Leaves palmatelycompound,with 3-12 petiolulate,entire or undulate leaflets. Inflorescencesn the axils of the uppermost eaves,thyrsiflorous,he staminate xtensive nd manyflowered,hepistillatereducedandwith few largerflowers. Calyx 5-lobed, inconspicuous. Corolla salverform rnarrowly nfundibuliform,he limb 5-lobed, antesepalous. Stamens 10, the fila-mentsand connectivesmoreor less conspicuouslypetaloid. Ovary 5-celled,con1-tainingnumerous vuleson axileplacentas. Berryusuallyrather longate,5-celled.Probablyabout a dozen speciesextendingfromMexico to Paraguay.a. Stems narmed;eaflets-5, green eneath ................................ 1.J. DOLICHAULAaa. Stems armedwith conspicuous pines; lcafiets -), very pale andglaucousbeneath 2. J. COSTARICENSIS1. JACARATIA DOLICHAULA (Donn. Sm.) Woodson, in Ann. MissouriBot. Gard.- 37:404. 1950.Caricadolichaula onn.-Sm.n Bot.Gaz. 23:247. 1897.

Trees up to 12 m. tall, the trunk usually thickenedtoward the base, thebranchesglabrous nd unarmed. Leaves palmately ompoundwith 3-5 petiolulatebroadlyelliptic or obovate, caudate-acuminate eaflets6-15 cm. long, 2-6 cm.broad,greenbeneath,thepetiolules bout 1 cm. long; petioles lender, p to about15 cm. long. Inflorescencesmuch shorter han the subtendingpetioles,the sta-minate up to about 30-flowered,he pistillateusually 1- to 3-flowered. Staminateflowers: calyx lobes broadlyovate, about 1 mm. long; corolla slender nd salver-form,the tube 3-5 cm. long, about 3 mm. in diameter, carcelydilatingtowardthe orifice, ale greenor greenishwhite,the lobesoblong-spatulate,btuseor acute,1.0-1.25 cm. long, slightly preading,white occasionallytingedwith pink towardthetip; stamens nserted t the orifice f the corollatube,exserted, heantepetalous

(23 )


25/92

UVol. 4524 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN

Fig. 3. facarai4 dolichaula

withveryshortfilaments,he alternating horlsessile, he anthers arrowlyoblong, bout5 mm. ong, heconnectiveetaloid nd somewhatonger hantheanther; istillode arrowlycicular, bout 1 cm. long. Pistillate lowers: alyxlobesbroadly vate,about 1-2 mm.long; corolla hortlyalverform,he tubeabout1.5 cm.long, bout5 mm. n diametert thebase, ontractingoward he(24)


26/92

1958 FLORA OF PANAMA (Caricaceae) 25middle, hen ilatedoabout mm. t theorifice, hite, he obesnarrowlyblong,about1.5 cm. ong, lightlypreading,hite; taminodiabsent r insertedt theorifice f the corollatube, essile, ssentiallyikethe stamens f the staminateflower ut theanthersomewhatmaller nd thepetaloid onnectivesomewhatlarger; vary blong-ovoid,bout5 mm. ong,5-celled, hestigmawith5 ovateessentiallyntire obes. Berries void-fusiform,bout 10 cm. long and 5 cm.broad, ersistently-celled,ontainingumerousompressedvoid eeds -8 mm.long;fruiting edunclebout3.5 cm.long.CostaRica andPanama,nforests,00-1000m.elev. Popular ames ecordedbyStandleynCosta Rica arepapaya, apayade monte, apayillo, alode barril,whoexplainshe ast as follows:"The palo de barril,which believe eferableothis pecies,s common n Guanacaste, here t is a largetreewithbroadcrownand a very hick runk. This is so softor spongy hat witha fewslashes f amachetet ispossible o fell large ree. If a large runks thus ut,and eftforsomeweeks o dry, t is possible o separate cylinderf bark. Sections f thisare used nplaceofbarrels,or toringmaize nd other rticles."Fl. Costa Rica2:724. 1937).

BOCAS DEL TORO: FishCreek,vicinity f ChiriquiLagoon,VonWedel084, 2207.VERAGUAS: forestedlopes fCerroTute,vicinityf SantaFe,Allen 392.2. JACARATIA COSTARICENSIS I. M. Johnston,n Contr. GrayHerb. 70:79. 1924.Trees up to 20 m. or more, the branchesarmed with numerous short stoutspines,glabrous. Leaves palmatelycompound with 5-9 very shortlypetiolulateoblanceolateshortly cuminate entire eaflets7-12 cm. long and 2-3 cm. broad,darkgreenabove, veryheavilyglaucous beneath,the petiolulesabout 1.0-1.5 cm.long; petioles lender,10-20 cm. long. Inflorescenceshorter han thesubtendingpetioles, the staminateracemose-paniculate,many-flowered,he pistillate erect,long-pedunculate, -flowered.Staminateflowersbout 17 mm.long,veryglaucouswithout,narrowly lavate in bud, the lobes about 7 mm. long, linear,obtuse, thetube narrowlycylindric, bout 1.2 mm. broad, sparselyvillous within; stamensstrigose, trongly nequal, thefilaments onspicuously onnate,theanthers imilar,without a ligulate connective,with a small erect spiniform rocess. Berry pyri-form,up to about 7 cm. long and 3 cm. broad, orange, the fruitingpedunclependulous,up to about 10 cm. long.Costa Rica and Panama,in forests ear sea level to about 700 m. elev. Tonduzreports hevernacularname in Costa Rica as papayillode venado.

COLON: vicinity fCampPifia, lt.25 m.,Allen3679.The descriptionf theflowerss takenfromJohnston; ur specimen s fruiting.Jacaratiacostaricensis s closelyrelated to J. spinosa (Aubl.) DC., as noted byJohnston. Both species are very glaucous, particularlythe lower surfaceof theleaves, and the chiefdistinguishingharacterobvious from our meagreherbariumrepresentationppears n the lengthof the fruitingpeduncles, which are only upto about 2 cm. and suberect n J. spinosa.

(25)


27/92

[Vol. 4526 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN2. CARICA L.

CARICA L. Spec. PI. 1036. 1753.Papaya Tourn.]Adans. am.P1.2:357. 1763.Vasconcellea St. Hil. 2e. Mem. Resed. 13. 1837.

Dioecious or monoecioustreesand shrubs,the thick succulent trunk usuallyunbranched. Leaves simple and palmately obed in the Panamanianspecies, ong-petiolate. Inflorescencesn the axils of the uppermost eaves, thyrsiflorous,hestaminateextensive and many-flowered,he pistillate reduced and with fewerlargerflowers. Calyx 5-lobed, nconspicuous. Corolla salverform n the staminateflowers, ampanulatein the pistillate, he limb 5-lobed,alternisepalous. Stamens10, the connective ccasionallyproduced at the tip. Ovary usually1-celled,usuallyseptate at the base, containing numerous ovules on parietal placentas. Berrybroadlyovoid-pyriform,-celled.Although the papaya is one of the most common and favorite fruitsof thetropics, ppearing o theoutlander ike somecelestialmelon, the genusis in a stateof botanical confusionwith at least 50 poorly defined"species" ranging fromMexico to Argentinaand in the Antilles. It has been introduced nto the EasternHemisphere ince long ago and frequently scapes.a. Leaveswith7 palmate rimary eins, suallywith7 deeply nd irregu-larlypinnatifidegments; istil f pistillate lowers ith5 dichotomousor trichotomoustigma obes; staminate lowerswith broadlydeltoidcalyx obes bout1 mm. ong ndyellow r white orollas -4 cm. ong. 1. C. PAPAYAaa. Leaveswith5 palmate rimary eins,with5 shallow egmentsach with1-2 broad lateral obes; pistilof pistillate lowerswith 5 linear un-dividedtigmaobes presumptiveorC. chiriquensis).b. Leavesand inflorescenceslabrous r essentiallyo, the middle eg-ment fthe eaves -lobed,he4 lateral egmentsnlobed; staminateflowers ith whitecorollas bout 4 cm. long and ovate calyxlobesabout1 mm.long?) ............. . . ................ ..... 2. C. CUCURBITIFOLIAbb. Leaves and inflorescencesather parsely illous, he middle egmentof the leaves3-lobed, he4 lateralsegments itha singlebroadlyacute obe;staminatelowers ithpale green orollas .5-2.5 cm. ongand lanceolate alyx obes bout3 mm. ong.......................................3. C. CHIRIQUENSIS1. CARICA PAPAYAL. Sp. P1. ed. 1. 1466. 1753.Papaya sativa Tussac, FI. Ant. 3:45. p1. -II. 1824.Carica Mamaja Vell.Fl. Flum.10: p1. 3I. 1827.Papaya vulgarisA. DC. in DC. Prodr. 151:414. 1864.Carica hermaphrodite lanco, Fl. Filip. 3:212. 1879.

Dioecious or occasionally polygamousor monoecious trees 2-8 m. tall withcharacteristictout succulent and unbranched runks,usually glabrous n all partsor essentially o. Leaves in a dense terminalcrown, long-petiolate;blade simplebut palmatelydivided ntousually7 moreor less irregularlynd broadlypinnatifidsegments, ariable n size but frequently p to 4-5 dm. in diameter;petiole usuallyup to 5-7 dm. long. Staminate nflorescencesepeatedly ompound,many-flowered,somewhat horter hanthesubtending etioles, preading r pendulous, hepistillatefar shorter han the subtendingpetioles,usually only 1- to 3-flowered. Staminate

(26)


28/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Caricaceae) 27

Fig. 4. Carica Papaya

(27)


29/92

[Vol. 4528 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENflowers: alyx obesvery roadly eltoid,btuse, bout 1 mm. ong; corolla alver-formwhite r yellow, hetube bout 1.5-2.0 cm. ong, bout2 mm. n diameter,the lobes oblong,1.0-1.5 cm. long,slightly preading; tamens nserted t theorifice f thecorolla ube, xserted,heantepetalousnthers bout 2.5 mm. ong,nearly essile nd descendingasally ntothe corolla ube, he antesepalousntherserect,wholly xserted,bout2 mm. ong,with pically -lobed ilamentsf nearlyequal length;pistillode cicular, bout 1 cm. long. Pistillate lowers ar largerthanthe staminate,rregularlyampanulate, hiteor pale cream: calyx lobesbroadly eltoid, bout 1 mm. ong; corolla ssentiallyolypetalousr veryweaklyunited,he egmentsbout5-7 cm. ong,1.5-2.0 cm. broad, roadly cute, rregu-larly eflexedoward he tips; staminodiaacking, arelyminute nd hypogynous;ovary void-ellipsoid,sually bout3 cm. ong including he ndefinitelyttenuatestyle)and 2 cm. broad, he stigma ssentiallyessile, f 5 thick egmentsbout1 cm. long fimbriatelyi- or trichotomousowardthe tip. Berry xtremelyvariable, p to 3 dm. ongand 2 dm. thick, reen r yellowwhenripe.Papayos re grown hroughouthetropics f the world, hieflyt low eleva-tions, nd tend to become scapes verywhere. n Panama they re one of thecommonest eed trees, nd the quality f their ruits aries rom he sublime otheridiculous. Someof the most nferiorroduce ruits carcely arger han ahen's gg. The vast man-made istributionf CaricaPapaya s quite at variancewith hevery estrictedatural anges ftheother ublishedpecies f the genus,and even theapproximateiteof the progenitorsf thecultivated apaya s nowimpossibleo ascertain: t may well be theeastern lopes f the PeruvianAndeswheremost f the wildspecieswith imilareaf forms ccur today. Under uchcircumstanceshecitation f herbariumpecimenss apt to become omewhatabsurd, ut s appended o this ccountforgood measure.Associated iththe atexof all parts f theplant re various roteolyticn-zymes, articularlyapain,which re solated nd usedforvarious harmaceuticalandgastronomicurposes. n Panama eaves fpapayo ometimesre cookedwithtoughmeat, r theraw meat oftened ywrappingn greeneaves ndleftover-night. HernandoCortes s said to haveobservedhis use of papayoduringhisconquest f Mexico n the earlyeighteenthentury,nd from hissourcehasdevelopedherecently ooming rocess f meattenderizing,n whichpapain sa prominentgent.Caricapapayanormallys dioecious. n somedistrictsf Panamathe nhabi-tants dhere o a "superstition"hatbarren i.e. staminate) rees f papayo anbe made fruitfuly deeply nscribingn thebarktheSignof theCrosswithamachete. I have beenshown xamples f such incised rees,which do indeedappear o become olygamous.Local experiencelso hasit that ucha treedoesnot become ruitfulermanentlyutmustbewounded eriodically. heresponsewouldappear o havescientificoundationponthebasisof traumaticeversion.

BOCAS DEL TORO: Careening ay, Von Wedel573. CANAL ZONE: Barro ColoradoIsland,Shattuck 65; low ground, utskirts f Ancon,Greenman Greenman 073;Cocoli sland, icinityf Mirafloresake,P. White 90.(28)


30/92

19581 FLORA OF PANAMA (Caricaceae) 29

Fig. 5. Carica cucurbitifolia

2. CARICA cucurbitifolia Woodson, pec. nov.Arbores a. 3-6 m. altae. Folia longe petiolata glabra lamina simplicipalmatim5-divisabasi 5-venosa segmento entrali maximoprofunde ateque 3-partitousque15 cm. longoet lato vel ultra (speciminisnostri uvenalis) segmentis mediis ca.12 cm. longis6 cm. latis atque 2 basalibus6 cm. longis3 cm. latisomnino ntegris.

(29)


31/92

[Vol. 453 0 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENInflorescentiamascula jam ignota femineavalde contracta usque ca. 7-flora pe-dunculo ca. 2 cm. longo. Florum femineorum alycis laciniae minute trigonalesca. 2 mm. longae. Corolla ejusdem generis ubulosaca. 2.5 cm. longa tubo ca. 3mm. diam. basi videtur acteo lobis anguste oblongisca. aequilongiserectis apicemversus roseo-tinctis. Staminodia nulla. Ovarium in floreovoideum ca. 6 mm.longum glabrum n styloangustoca. 3 mm. longo abruptecontractum tigmatibus5 linearibus ntegris10-12 mm. longis. Bacca ignota.

COCLE: in heavy orest elowgrass, egion orth f El Valle, grass idgeknown s theLoma del Tigre, lt. 2800 ft.,April8, 1947,P. H. Allen4478 (Herb.Missouri ot. Gard.,HOLoTYPE).

The ovary of C. cucurbitifolia,with its slender tyle,recalls that of C. stylosaHeilborn of Peru, the leaf segmentation f which, however, correspondsmoreclosely with that of C. papaya. It is unfortunate hat staminateflowers re notknown. In the herbarium f the MissouriBotanical Garden s a staminate pecimenof papayo collected by Skutch (no. 4797) in Costa Rica which appearsto be re-lated to C. cucurbitifolia, lthough with a differentlyivided eaf more similar noutline to that of the succeeding species. The Skutch plant has white corollasabout 4 cm. long and ovate calyx lobes about 1 mm. long. It definitelys notC. papaya as presently etermined.3. CARICA chiriquensis Woodson, spec. nov.Arboresusque 7 m. altae vel ultra. Folia longe petiolata lamina simplici pal-matim 5-divisa basi 5-venosa segmento entralimaximo profunde ateque 3-partitousque 35 cm. longo nisi ultra segmentismediis ca. 25 cm. longis 12 cm. latismargine nferiore ate auriculato segmentis2 basalibus ca. 20 cm. longis 10 cm.latis margine nferiore cute auriculato membranaceapagina inferiore parsiusculevillosula. Inflorescentia eminea am ignota mascula effuse hyrsifloraedunculisgracilibus dense villosulis. Florum masculorum calycis laciniae lanceolatae apiceacuminatae axe reflexae a. 3 mm. longae margineminuteciliato. Corolla florumejusdem generispallideviridismagnitudine alde variabilistubo anguste cylindricoextus sparse pilosulo ca. 1.5 mm. diam. tum 5 mm. tum 15 mm. longo lobis line-aribusca. 1 mm. latis extus apice versus densiuspilosulistum7 mm. tum 12 mm.longis axe patulis. Stamina 10 ad ostium corollae tubi positaexserta ntepetalorumantheris um appendice apicali ca. 1.5 mm. longisfilamentoigulari ntegroca. 0.5mm. longo alternorum ix 1 mm. longisfilamento imili ed 2 mm. longo. Pistil-lodium angusteaciculiforme a. 8 mm. longum. Bacca ut dicitur ca. 15 cm. longa13 cm. lata 5-angulata.

CHIRIQUI: QuebradaVelo, vic. FincaLerida, lt. 5000 ft.,July 4, 1947,P. H. Allen4675 (Herb.Missouriot.Gard., OLOTYPE).Perhapsit is temptingfate to describe two new dioeciousspecies, apparentlyclosely related,fromsuch neighboring reas as Chiriqui and Cocle whenonly thecomplimentaryexual forms re known. The formsdiffers indicated n thekeyand thedescriptions, owever, ndC. cucurbitifolias glabrouswhile C. chiriquensis

(30)


32/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Caricaceae) 31isvillous. Theleafform fchiriquensiss quite imilar o that f theSkutch lantfromCosta Rica whichwas discussed ndercucurbitifolia,ut the staminateflowersrestrikinglyissimilar.

Fig. 6. Carica chiriquensis

(31)


33/92

[Vol. 4532 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENLOASACEAE

Mostlyperennial r annual herbs, ometimes uite massive, rector clambering,infrequentlytwining or climbing, characteristically tronglyhispid and withstinginghairs and glochids. Leaves opposite or alternate,variously ncised andoccasionallypalmatifidor pinnatifid;stipules lacking or vestigal. Inflorescenceterminal r extra-axillary, asicallycymosebut frequentlymonopodialand occa-sionally reduced to a solitaryflower. Flowers dichlamydeous,hermaphrodite,epigynous, - or rarely4-, 6-, or 7-merous;sepalsfoliaceous, mbricateor open inaestivation;petals free or united at the base, imbricatedor contorted; stamensrarely5-10 or fewer,usuallyverynumerous, hefilamentsmore or less united tothe base of the corolla,all fertile r partlystaminodial nd moreor less petaloid;ovary inferior, sually 3- to 5-carpellateand 1-celled with numerousovules onparietalplacentas,rarely1-carpellatewith a single pendulousovule (Gronovia),the style simplewith a capitate or obscurelydivided stigma. Fruit a variouslydehiscent apsule.Except forthepeculiarmonotypic enusKisseniaofAfricaand southern rabia,the Loasaceae are an Americanfamilymost frequent n arid or semi-aridregionswith greatestdiversificationn Mexico and the southwestern nited States and inChile. Those who have encountered hem n the fieldremember hemhenceforthchiefly ecauseof theirpainfully tinginghairswhich seemto have been speciallycontrived o protecttheelaborateand frequently eryshowyflowers.a. Ovary 3- to 5-carpellate, with numerous ovules or parietal placentas;stamens 0 tomany, requentlytaminoidialn part; erect r sprawlingherbs; eavesvariouslyncised r lobed, ometimesinnatifidr pinnate.b. Stamensll fertiler theouter ecomingentrifugallyetaloid. 1. MENTZELIAbb. Fertile tamensntesepalous,taminodiantesepalous.c. Flowers -merous;taminodia ree runited nly t thebase - . 2. KLAPROTHIAcc. Flowers -(rarely - to 7-)merous; taminodiatronglynited ntoa more r lesssaccatepetaloid cale..-----------------------------.-.-....3.OASAaa. Ovary1-carpellate, ith a single picalpendulous vule;stamens , allfertile; lenderwiners;eavesverydeeply ndpalmately ivided-----------. GRONOVIA

The genus Sclerothrix xtendsfrom southernMexico to Bolivia and is to beexpected in Panama. It resemblesKlaprothia strongly,but may be recognizedreadilyby its spirally ontortedfruits.1. MENTZELIA L.

MENTZELIA L. Syst.ed. 10. 1076. 1759; Urb. in Nova Acta Abh. K. Leop.-Carol.Deutsch. Akad. Naturf. 76:22. 1900.Bartonia ursh,nSims, ot.Mag.sub t. I487. 1812, nonMuhl.Acrolasia resl, el.Haenk.2:39. 1835.Torreya aton,Man.Bot. ed.7. 560. 1836, necArm. ecalior.Creolobusilj.Fl. Oefver ver.OdR.Vext.67. 1839.Trachyphytumutt. ex Torr. & Gray,Fl. N. Am. 1:533. 1840.Chrysostomailj. in Linnaea 15:263. 1841.Hesperasterockerell, n Torreya 1:142. 1901.

(32)


34/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Loasaceae) 33

Fig. 7. Mentzelia spera(33)


35/92

[Vol. 4534 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENHerbaceous nnuals r perennials,arely mall hrubs r trees, hestems ndfoliage cabrous nd hispid, ut without tinging airs. Leavesalternate r op-posite, ariouslyncised r lobed. Inflorescenceerminal, ymose, suallyfew-flowered. lowersarge o mediocre;epals oliaceous,; petals -10, free r barelyunited t thebase; stamens 0 to verynumerous,ree runited t thebaseofthefilaments,hollyfertile r theoutermost ecoming etaloid nd sterile; varyinferior,-celled, ithfewto numerousvulesborne pon 3-7 parietal lacentas,the tyle longate,iliform,he tigma carcely ilated,apitate robscurelyivided.Fruit n apically ehiscent- to 7-valved apsule.A genusof nearly 00 species, rincipallyn thewestern nitedStatesandMexico, utextendinglongthePacific oastof SouthAmerica o Patagonia. A

single pecies s known rom anama.1. MENTZELIA ASPERA L. Spec. P1. ed. 1. 516. 1753.Mentzeliatipitataresl,Rel. Haenk. 2:40. 183 1.Mentzelia edicellataresl, Epim. Bot. 246. 1849.AcrolasiaqualidaHook. f. inTrans. Linn. Soc. 20:222. 18 51.Slenderrect r sprawlingnnuals. Stems lender, ichotomous,p to about6 dm. ong, ather hinlyoveredwith hortweakglochidiate airs. Leaves lter-nate, rather parse, hortly ut evidently etiolate, he blade ratherhastately3-lobed nd rregularlyerrate,cuminate,roadly btuse t thebase, bout8 cm.long nd4 cm. broad rsomewhatarger oward hebaseof the tem, iminishinggraduallyoward he tip,lax and thinlymembranaceous,eakly nd variouslystrigillose ith imple airs bove ndbelow, hepetiolebout5mm. ong. Flowersin few-floweredeafy-bractedymes t the tips of thebranches,mediocre, aleorange rsalmon, essile r essentiallyo; hypanthiumarrowlyylindrical,bout1 cm. ongand 1 mm.broad t anthesis,ensely overedwith lender lochidiatehairs,the calyx lobesbroad trigonal t the base,very narrowlyubcaudate-acuminate, early s long as the hypanthium,parsely trigillose ut withoutglochidiate airs;petals , obovate, p to 1 cm. ongand5 mm.broad, preading,pale orange rsalmon,lightlynited t thebase;stamens bout20-30, all fertile,buttheoutermostomewhatongernd with nlargedomewhat etaloid ilaments,somewhathorter hanthepetals. Capsulenarrowly ylindrical ut slightly t-tenuate oward hebase,up to about 2.5 cm. longand 5 mm.broad,3-valved,coveredwiththepersistentlochidiate airs.One of themostwidespreadpecies f thegenus, ccurringromArizona oArgentina.Rather requentndry hicketsponthePacific lopeofPanama.

CANAL ZONE: Balboa Heights,Greenman Greenman055; AnconHill,GreenmanGreenmanII4, Standley 6360; between Corozal and Ancon, Pittier 209; Gamboa,Pittier793; Sosa Hill, Balboa, Standley 5256,32I50; Darien station,StandleyI52I.2. KLAPROTHIA HBK.

KLAPROTHIA HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6:96. 1823.Herbaceousannuals,the stemsand foliagerather nconspicuously ispidulous o

(34)


36/92

1958] FLORA OF PANAMA (Loasaceae) 3 5essentially labrous, without stinging hairs. Leaves opposite,distinctlypetiolate,serrate. Inflorescence erminal,diffusely ymose, bearing rathernumerous small4-merous flowers. Hypanthium subglobular,the calyx lobes 4, broadly trigonal;petals 4, free; stamens in antepetalous groups of 4-5, with slender minutelypapillate filaments; taminodia n antesepalousgroupsof 4-5, with slenderpilosu-lose filamentsbarely united at the base and incised flabelliform terileanthers;ovary 4-carpellary,1-celled,with 1-2 ovules upon the 4 parietalplacentas; stylefiliform,he stigma very obscurelydivided. Fruit a small septicidally4-valvedcapsule.A monotypicgenus of relativelyhighelevationsextendingfromCosta Rica toVenezuela and Bolivia.

Fig. 8. Klaprothia zentzelioides1. KLAPROTHIA MENTZELIOIDES HBK. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 6:96. 1823.

Weak erect or sprawlingherbaceous annuals. Stemsslender,branching nfre-quently, up to about 6 dm. long, usually less, nconspicuously ilosuloseto essen-tially glabrous. Leaves opposite, rathersparse, ax and long-petiolate, he bladeelliptic to ovate or lanceolate, cuminate, btuse or somewhat ttenuate t the base,ratherevenly serrate, p to about 10 cm. long and 5 cm. broad,delicatelymem-branaceous,minutely trigillose ponboth surfaces, hepetiole slender, p to about3 cm. long, commonlyhorizontally preading r somewhatreflexed. Inflorescenceterminal, axly cymose,bearingrathernumeroussmall white shortly pedicellateflowers. Hypanthium subglobose, about 2 mm. broad, minutely and denselyhirsutulose,hecalyx lobesbroadlytrigonal, bout 1 mm. long; petalsbroadlyovalor obovate, somewhatcucullate, 6-8 mm. long. Stamensand staminodiaof the

(35)


37/92

[Vol. 4536 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDENgenus,about as long as the petals. Capsules oblongoid,about 4-6 mm. long and2-4 mm. broad,persistently irsutulose.Rather frequent n the moisthighlandforests t elevationsof 1500-2000 m.

BOCAS DEL TORO: RobaloTrail,northernlopes fCerroHorqueta,Allen 49I7, 5002.CHIRIQUI: BajoChorro,Woodson Schery 5o,Davidson 2.3. LOASA Adans.

LOASA Adans. Fam. 2:501. 1763.OrtigaNeck. Elemn. :400. 1790.H-uidobriaC. Gay, Fl. Chil. 2:43 8. 1846.

Annual or perennialherbs or subshrubs, rect or sprawling,rarelytwining,beset n nearly ll partswith scabrous, tinginghairs. Leaves alternate r opposite,variously ncisedand lobed. Inflorescenceymose,terminal r lateral,occasionallyreduced to a solitaryflower. Flowersmediocreto large,usually 5-merous, arely6- to 7-merous;sepalsfoliaceous,open in aestivation;petalsvalvate or imbricate,somewhatclawed; stamensnumerous, n antepetalousclusters, he filaments lon-gate, united at the base; staminodiaunited into conspicuousmore or less saccateantesepalouspetaloidscales; ovaryinferior,-celled, with usuallynumerousovulesborneupon 3-5 parietalplacentas, the styleusuallyshortly olumnar, the stigmaobscurelydivided. Fruit a 3- to 5-valved capsule.

75-100 species, xtendingfromMexico to Patagonia, but particularly umerousin Peru and Chile. The Loasas stingprobablymorepainfullythan anynettle, ndthe qualitysometimes s not completelyost fromherbarium pecimens.a. Leavespinnate r verydeeply innatifidbove;flowersmediocre,bout2.5 cm. n diameter,hepetalswhite............................................................ L. RUDISaa. Leaves nlymoderatelyobed nd ncised.b. Leaves somewhat onger than broad, somewhatpinnately obed;flowers bout 5 cm. in diameter,the petals pale green.......................... 2. L. GRANDISbb. Leaves about as long as broad, somewhat palmately lobcd; flowersabout 15 cm.in diameter,hepetalsbright range........

Flora de Panamá. Fas 48

Documents

Transcript of Flora de Panamá. Fas 48