Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg...
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Transcript of Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg...
![Page 1: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Flexibility Mechanisms
A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol
Chris Dore
![Page 2: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
WHAT?New sources or EF revisions that have a significant impact would
be assessed, and “corrected” for.
OPTIONSFrozen Methodology Published GuidanceOn Application
IMPLEMENTATIONMay require a “Guidance Committee” or detailed review.
REPORTING & FORECASTINGMay require substantial increases to reporting, and even the
generation of two inventory versions (best science & compliance). Forecasting may become uncertain.
Mitigating Circumstances
![Page 3: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
WHAT?A fixed ceiling is accompanied by a flexibility range (like an
uncertainty), which can be revised according to new information.
OPTIONS
IMPLEMENTATIONEasy!
REPORTING & FORECASTINGOnly requires minor additions to the IIR. However, forecasting
compliance relies on timely revision of the flexibility range.
Split Ambition Targets
![Page 4: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
WHAT?Percentage reductions are used instead of fixed ceilings.
OPTIONSPercentage Reductions Kyoto Methodology
IMPLEMENTATIONStraightforward
REPORTING & FORECASTINGAccurate reporting of the base year becomes important.
Percentage Reductions
![Page 5: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
WHAT?Within a country, swap emissions between pollutants using pre-
defined exchange rates.
OPTIONSInternational or Country Specific Exchange Rates
IMPLEMENTATIONNot too complicated once exchange rates established
REPORTING & FORECASTINGBest science inventory with rather separate compliance
calculations.
Domestic Pollutant Swapping
![Page 6: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
WHAT?Emissions trading by another name.
OPTIONSLike-for-like pollutants or also include exchange rates
IMPLEMENTATIONRequires international management and infrastructure
REPORTING & FORECASTINGBest science inventory with rather separate compliance
calculations.
International Offsetting
![Page 7: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
WHAT?Allows a 3 year average to be reported, rather than a single year.
OPTIONSn-1, n, n+1, or n-2, n-1, n ?
IMPLEMENTATIONEasy!
REPORTING & FORECASTINGFairly straightforward, but might delay compliance assessment
by a year.
3-Year Average
![Page 8: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
WHAT?Compliance at a later date, but with a tougher target.
OPTIONS3 or 5 year delay
IMPLEMENTATIONRelatively easy
REPORTING & FORECASTINGPotentially delays compliance for some countries. Exact rules
could be established at the outset, so transparent for forecasting.
Delayed Compliance
![Page 9: Flexibility Mechanisms A Consideration of Flexibility Mechanisms for Inclusion in the Gothenburg Protocol Chris Dore.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022082816/56649f4a5503460f94c6badd/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Domestic Pollutant SwappingInternational Offsetting
Percentage ReductionsKyoto Methodology
3 Year AverageDelayed Compliance
Mitigating Circumstances by GuidanceMitigating Circumstances on Application
Frozen MethodologySplit Ambition Targets