FLEXGRID PROGRAMME

THE P.A.C.A SMART GRIDS REGIONAL INTEREST OPERATION

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dispersed storage facilities

intermittent, unpredictable power generation

unpredictable recharging of electric vehicles

positive energy homes

factories reducing their carbon footprint

Why Smart Grids? Changing practices and technologies

varying lighting

intensity according to presence, daylight, etc.

increasingly dynamic management of heating/air conditioning and equipment

Why Smart Grids? Energy systems are more complex to balance

Producers adapting to demand Low-carbon technologies and behaviours

Producers and consumers adapting to demand and supply

Smart Grids

Increasingly tomorrow

In 2005: 1,700 In 2015: more than 334,000

electricity producers connected to the medium-voltage grid in France

Low-carbon, flexible technologies and behaviours

more than 100,000 new PV installations per year (all grids)

Yesterday

Major growth of photovoltaic in the PACA region

Photovoltaic production in the PACA region:

2014: 600 MW ground-based, 200 MW roof panels

Targets by 2020: 1,150 MW ground-based, 1,150 MW roof panels

Targets by 2030: 2,200 MW ground-based, 2,200 MW roof panels

Smart Grids will help to promote: Greater integration of variable renewable energies

Electricity generated by a photovoltaic plant in the PACA region

2 million electric vehicles in France in 2020:

7% of all light vehicles on the road

400,000 public charging points

and 4 million private charging points

1-2% of total national electricity

consumption

~ 10% of national peak consumption if all

vehicles are recharged simultaneously at 7

pm (possibly more on the local grid)

Smart Grids will help to promote: The growth of electric vehicles

At European level, investment in smart technologies could reduce electricity consumption by street lighting by 64% (European E-Street project)

Sensor/dimmers connected to a central remote management system that can adjust lighting levels according to weather conditions, natural light, road traffic volumes, pedestrians, etc.

In 2014, street lighting accounted for 42% of local authority electricity consumption in France. More than half of existing equipment is obsolete and energy-inefficient

Smart Grids will help to promote: Savings for local authorities

PACA region: specific energy characteristics

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“Peninsula” energy context Risks of selective power cuts and black-outs higher than elsewhere. Highly variable demand according to temperature and population trends Population: 60% increase in summer; 10-30 times higher at ski and coastal resorts, etc. Widespread introduction of photovoltaic systems The region produces less than half of the electricity it consumes, and most of its

production capacity is located inland

Because of these constraints, the region has become an early adopter

of advanced energy savings and renewable energy technologies and

processes.

that explain why the region has become a constant pioneer in Smart Grids

High density of projects and demonstrators, including:

PREMIO

France’s first demonstrator and winner of international awards Has influenced similar projects in the United States

A smart solar district involving 1,500 customers Now hosts foreign delegations (India, United States).

Renewable energies: a key element of the Regional Innovation Plan

(Capenergies pilot scheme)

(ERDF pilot scheme)

Collaboration with Italy (Green Me), a pioneering leader in the field with 31 million smart meters deployed since 2011 and extensive hands-on experience of consumer behaviour, identifying vulnerable households and managing private data.

Smart Grids, one of the priorities of the “New Face of Industry in France” plan

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• From 2017 onwards, deploy a set of industrially mature Smart Grid equipment and technologies across a large, representative area.

• Develop successful business models.

• Turn the deployment zone into a showcase of France’s Smart Grids expertise for the export market.

Globally, the renewable energies sector accounts for estimated turnover of €30bn per year

Smart Grids Industrial Plan: national roadmap

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Install a smart grid at university campuses for

training and research purposes

Define the renewable energy sector’s R&D strategy and make

standardisation more effective

Organise a competition to encourage new ideas about

the emergence and deployment of innovative solutions from start-ups

Organise targeted, wide-scale deployment of smart

grids in France

Taking the

lead (7-10 years)

Establish a structure to support start-ups

Create a renewable energy sector consortium in France

and promote it internationally

France’s renewable

energies team (1 year)

From demonstration

to implementation (3 years)

Create a renewable energies academy to

develop training programmes that meet the

sector’s needs Maximise public benefits

(job and wealth creation,

environmental impact)

Organise the wide-scale deployment of renewable energies Action no.6

From 2017 onwards, deploy a set of industrially mature Smart Grid equipment and technologies across a large, representative area.

Develop successful business models.

Turn the deployment zone into a

showcase of France’s Smart Grids expertise for the export market.

Two components:

Technologies selected by ERDF and RTE (€80m of investment)

Proposals from regions (€100m-€200m of investment)

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Flexgrid Programme

Flexgrid Programme

42 territorial projects

6 cross-cutting

projects : • Acculturation and

society mobilisation, • Support and

mobilisation of SMEs, • International

promotion, leveraging and growth,

• Training and skills development,

• Data management, • Cyber-security

€340m in

investissement

€10,5m invested by

RTE and €20m by

Enedis over the 2017-2020 period to support the projects

800 involved

companies and entities

2600 recipient

companies, 115 000 beneficiary citizens

FLEXGRID PROJECTS: AREA COVERED

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Local authority areas, public establishments for cooperation, positive-energy areas for green growth, electricity distribution authorities

FLEXGRID: THE RTE SMART GRIDS CORE

FLEXGRID: THE ENEDIS SMART GRIDS CORE

PROJECT PORTFOLIO COHERENCE AND STRATEGY

SUPPLY: Comprehensive and integrated offerings, use cases, extensive

expertise Five solutions to emerging or growing needs/requirements DEMAND: Market types Stakeholder types Grid types

A portfolio organised by industrial sector (i.e. supply/demand)

FIVE CATEGORIES OF REGIONAL PROJECT Photovoltaic private generation and consumption (difference scales

and configurations) Solutions for business users: benefits for businesses and grids Synergies between renewables: benefits for renewable energy

producers and grids Management of electric vehicle charging and discharging Regional energy optimisation and greater regional flexibility FIVE OFFERS = Five comprehensive and integrated solutions to growing needs/requirements in France and worldwide.

A project portfolio organised by industrial sector

PROJECT PORTFOLIO SUPPLY: FIVE USE CASES

Several ways to achieve optimal synchronisation of supply and demand:

Developing more robust supply/demand forecasts and

more dynamic real-time installation monitoring technologies.

Identifying synergies between renewables (i.e. combining

different types of renewable energy). Improving consumers’ and producers’ load management,

modulation and storage capabilities. Leveraging a variety of storage solutions to improve

flexibility and integrate renewables.

Forming the basis of FLEXGRID projects.

Developing technical systems and legal and business models that:

maximise the proportion of local demand covered by local photovoltaic supply

avoid the need for feed-in and spikes on the grid

reduce household energy bills

1. Photovoltaic private generation and consumption projects

Several configurations: Urban district: ALLAR and FRAIS VALLON projects Social housing: CEZANNE, DECANIS and FRAIS VALLON projects Warehouses: ENTREPOT project Carto PV project

EuroMéditerranée eco-city Allar block (EuroMéditerranée operation of national interest)

Frais Vallon district (1,350 homes, schools, pool, etc.)

Fos-sur-Mer port industrial and logistics zone

“Photovoltaic could become the leading renewable energy source by 2050” International Energy Agency

1. Photovoltaic private generation and consumption projects OBJECTIVES

To meet as much local demand as possible with local PV production To synchronise PV supply and demand as far as possible, and at the lowest possible cost

1. Photovoltaic private generation and consumption projects How?

Distribution of photovoltaic production capacities between buildings with complementary consumption profiles (homes, businesses, schools, etc.).

Programming of equipment to operate at times when sunlight is at its strongest (dishwasher, fire system control panels, pool pumps, etc.).

Design PV systems that seek to strike the right balance between supply and demand (examples)

Batteries: use sparingly and only if required, since these push up electricity costs.

Active bifacial photovoltaic module, producing a “camel hump” production curve reflecting the sun’s movement across the sky and aligned with morning and evening demand spikes.

Another example: photovoltaic panels covering the entire façade of a building (on the right). These “vertical” layouts are designed with demand in mind.

Storage batteries that can be recharged using renewable energy and provide multiple high-value services:

- for the business: energy resilience (power outages and price volatility) - for grids: flexibility, load management, voltage regulation, frequency support.

along with energy management of processes and equipment and supply/demand forecasting Promoting the emergence of smart industrial/port zones and business parks

2. Greater flexibility for business users Projects that aim to make businesses more energy-resilient, more flexible and more adept at load management

Targets:

Data centres (intensive consumption and

sensitivity to supply) Mass retail Heavy industry (intensive consumption) Food industry etc.

Hybrid photovoltaic/wind/hydroelectricity systems: using the Durance hydroelectric chain to support photovoltaic and wind plants

Hybrid photovoltaic/wind/Li-ion battery systems Forecasting and management systems

Benefits for grid operators and renewable energy producers:

- reducing forecast uncertainties, ironing out variations, offsetting/moving renewable energy production - increasing renewable energy feed-in into grids and making renewables more economically attractive to

buyers - limiting grid congestion and renewable production peak shaving

New business and cooperative models (between producers).

3. Synergies between renewables Projects that aim to increase intermittent renewable energy feed-in into grids and make renewables more attractive to buyers (markets and consumers)

Five hydroelectric dams: 250 MWe

Hydropower, wind, photovoltaic: the top three renewable electricity sources in the world

Multiple photovoltaic and wind farms: 150-200 MWe

Urban and rural areas

Charging point deployment master plan that anticipates constraints and behaviours.

Real-time management of charging points in order to reduce demand spikes and promote renewable energy production.

Interoperability between charging points and access management and payment systems.

Pricing policy and incentive strategies.

Experimenting with electric vehicle charging flexibility to address grid constraints.

Vehicle to Grid (connecting electric vehicle batteries to the grid).

4. Management of electric vehicle charging and discharging

Adding electric vehicle charging to a site with its own, pre-existing consumption (in yellow): graph 1: without optimisation, graph 2: with optimisation.

5. Regional projects that aim to improve energy optimisation and create regional flexibility

Harnessing a region’s renewable energy production (electricity and heat) and storage capacities.

Making equipment controllable (PV inverters, water storage tanks, hot water tanks, street lighting, electric vehicle charging, refrigeration units, etc.).

Establishing (an) energy management system(s) to control infrastructure and, therefore:

• Increase local renewable energy consumption and improve local energy efficiency

• Create new flexibilities, combine flexibilities and leverage them at regional or national scales.

Isolated grid Mountain resorts Rural-urban area Conurbation

5. Projects that aim to improve regional energy optimisation and create regional flexibility (positive-energy area approach)

Hydroelectricity, waste water turbine system, energy recovery, photovoltaic, biomass boiler room, etc.

Storage: STEP, dam with inflatable structures, cooling and air storage.

Infrastructure energy management: ski lifts, snow cannons, ice rink, pool, housing, electric vehicle charging points, etc.

Micro-grid serving a village. Photovoltaic and hydroelectric plants. Transfer of electricity from an electric boat’s

batteries to the grid.

Isolated grid Microgrid Nevache project

Smart mountain resorts of the future Orres and

Isola 2000 projects

Continuation of Nice Grid. Six districts involved. 334 MW (fully renewable). 220 MW heating/cooling networks

(seawater loop, geothermal). 19 MW of storage. Street lighting, electric vehicle charging points, business and tertiary parks, etc.

Renewable energy production at the Cité des Energies: 13 MW (PV + concentrated solar thermal) + 4 MW of diverse storage facilities (molten salts, flywheels, etc.).

Diverse consumption types: villages, business parks, charging points.

Located downstream of the Vinon medium-voltage/high-voltage sub-station (to avoid repression from high-volume renewable production).

Rural-urban area Vinon project

Conurbation FlexNice projects

5. Projects that aim to improve regional energy optimisation and create regional flexibility (positive-energy area approach)

Regional data and flow management platform(s)

Cyber-security

Mobilisation of SMEs and sector unification

Training and skills development + Smart Campus Nice Sophia Antipolis

International promotion, leveraging and growth

Social engagement, social and behavioural support, legal, social and business models

Cross-cutting projects that improve the quality of the five offers and bring them more in line with demand.

A project that is engaging society Citizens and users at the heart of the project

Around a dozen teams of behavioural science experts (sociologists, socio-economists, and experts in engagement, communications, social marketing and green nudges, etc.).

Identification of resistance, motivations, dissemination drivers, new use values, etc.

Mobilisation and incentive strategies to get people on board, promote cultural adaptation, and foster joint development with different populations.

Creation of a behavioural science observatory focusing on

Smart Grids.

Projects involving teachers, sixth-formers, students and citizens.

Green nudges: examples SHS (9 actions), LYCEES and ENERGIE PARTAGEE projects

Projects that target areas of different types and sizes, selected to reflect the characteristics of major and/or growing global markets

Urban and rural areas in cold, hot and temperate climates Coastal cities in hot countries Port industrial and logistics zones

Ski resorts (53 in PACA, 1,185 in Europe)

Disadvantaged

neighbourhoods

Countries with hydropower, solar and wind resources Countries with more expensive and poorer quality electricity than France

Off-grid areas

Citizen

Business users

Renewable energy producers

Cities and regions

Grid operators Regulatory and legislative authorities

Projects designed with the needs/requirements of different market actor categories in mind

Being planet-friendly and environmentally conscious consumers, limiting

dependence on electricity suppliers and reducing energy bills

Improving resilience to price fluctuations and electricity outages, moving towards “greener” supply, promoting private production and consumption

Increasing intermittent renewable energy feed-in into grids and making renewables more attractive to buyers (markets and consumers)

Achieving energy targets, clean mobility, positive-energy areas, and using value for money to make electricity more attractive

Maintaining supply quality and reducing costs as changing uses and production practices introduce ever greater instability, uncertainty and risk

Achieving national energy targets, investing in green energy to deliver financial benefits and reduce emissions, transitioning towards clean mobility, achieving a positive cost/benefit outcome for the public

Projects that involve different grid types

Isolated grid

Projects hosted in iconic locations with an international reach, forming a “pool” of French expertise

EuroMéditerranée (Eco-city: the largest urban renovation project in

southern Europe)

Plaine du Var Eco-Vallée Durance hydroelectric chain (a dense network of smart systems to

promote multi-usage water management)

CEA Cité des Energies in Cadarache

Nice Grid and Smart City Innovative Center

Thecamp

EuroMéditerranée