Fleet Management – World 2019 - Berg Insight · Fleet Management – World 2019 A complete set of...

Fleet Management – World 2019

A complete set of nine unique reports - offering in-depth analysis and unique insights into the global fleet management market.

This package offers more than 1200 pages of excellent reading and comprises the following titles in Berg Insight’s IoT Research Series:

Fleet Management in Europe Fleet Management in Russia/CIS and Eastern Europe Fleet Management in the Americas Fleet management in China Fleet Management in South Africa (including Africa outlook) Fleet Management in Australia and New Zealand Trailer and Cargo Container Tracking The Global Construction Equipment OEM Telematics Market The Airport Asset Tracking Market

Please find below the tables of contents for each of the reports included in this package.

FLEET MANAGEMENT IN THE AMERICAS INDEX

i STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

Index

Table of Contents Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................... i

List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. vii

Executive summary ..................................................................................................................... 1

1 Commercial vehicle fleets in the Americas .......................................................................... 3

1.1 The North American commercial vehicle market ........................................................ 3

1.1.1 Registrations of commercial vehicles GVW 3–8 ................................................... 3

1.1.2 Manufacturer market shares ................................................................................. 5

1.1.3 Ownership structure .............................................................................................. 6

1.1.4 Trailers ................................................................................................................. 10

1.2 The Latin American commercial vehicle market ....................................................... 11

1.2.1 Registrations of commercial vehicles .................................................................. 11

1.2.2 Manufacturer market shares ............................................................................... 13

2 Fleet management solutions ............................................................................................. 17

2.1 Fleet management infrastructure .............................................................................. 17

2.1.1 Vehicle segment .................................................................................................. 18

2.1.2 GNSS segment ................................................................................................... 22

2.1.3 Network segment ................................................................................................ 22

2.1.4 Backoffice segment ............................................................................................. 26

2.2 Vehicle management ................................................................................................. 27

2.2.1 Vehicle diagnostics and maintenance planning ................................................. 27

2.2.2 Security tracking .................................................................................................. 28

2.2.3 Tire pressure monitoring systems ....................................................................... 29

2.2.4 Fuel card integration and reporting .................................................................... 30

2.3 Driver management ................................................................................................... 34

2.3.1 Driving data registration and analysis ................................................................. 34

2.3.2 Video-based driver monitoring ............................................................................ 34

2.3.3 Eco-driving schemes ........................................................................................... 35

2.3.4 Insurance risk management ................................................................................ 35

INDEX FLEET MANAGEMENT IN THE AMERICAS

ii STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

2.4 Operations management ........................................................................................... 36

2.4.1 Routing and navigation ....................................................................................... 36

2.4.2 Transport management ....................................................................................... 37

2.4.3 Mobile workforce management .......................................................................... 38

2.5 Regulatory compliance and reporting ....................................................................... 38

2.5.1 CSA – Compliance, Safety, Accountability ......................................................... 39

2.5.2 Hours-of-Service and electronic logging devices ............................................... 40

2.5.3 Fuel tax reporting ................................................................................................ 43

2.5.4 Distracted driving ................................................................................................ 44

2.5.5 Proposed anti-theft systems in Brazil .................................................................. 45

2.5.6 Other applications ............................................................................................... 45

2.6 Business models ....................................................................................................... 47

3 Market forecasts and trends .............................................................................................. 49

3.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 49

3.1.1 Installed base and unit shipments – North America and Latin America ............. 49

3.1.2 Regional markets ................................................................................................ 51

3.1.3 Vendor market shares ......................................................................................... 52

3.1.4 Trailer telematics ................................................................................................. 55

3.1.5 Construction equipment telematics .................................................................... 56

3.2 Market drivers and barriers ........................................................................................ 58

3.2.1 Macroeconomic environment ............................................................................. 59

3.2.2 Regulatory environment ...................................................................................... 60

3.2.3 Competitive environment .................................................................................... 62

3.2.4 Technology environment .................................................................................... 62

3.3 Value chain analysis .................................................................................................. 64

3.3.1 Telematics industry players ................................................................................. 64

3.3.2 Automotive industry players ................................................................................ 69

3.3.3 Telecom industry players .................................................................................... 71

3.3.4 IT industry players ............................................................................................... 74

3.4 Future industry trends ............................................................................................... 76

3.4.1 Fleet telematics remains a high-pace IoT market favoured by multiple trends .. 76

3.4.2 Vehicle OEMs and aftermarket providers partner for factory-installed telematics . 77


iii STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

3.4.3 Industry consolidation fosters emergence of leading global telematics giants . 78

3.4.4 Fuel card integration extends the capabilities of fleet telematics ....................... 79

3.4.5 Leading tire manufacturers heavily involved in the fleet telematics space ......... 79

3.4.6 Hardwired, mobile and hybrid telematics systems to co-exist ........................... 81

3.4.7 The FMCSA now lists more than 500 self-certified ELDs from diverse players .. 82

3.4.8 Upselling of value-added services to drive uptake beyond the ELD basics ....... 85

3.4.9 Video-based solutions continue to permeate the fleet market ........................... 85

3.4.10 Fleet insurance telematics is an opportunity to reduce fleet risks ...................... 88

3.4.11 The Internet of Transportation Things expands the addressable market ........... 89

4 OEM products and strategies ............................................................................................ 91

4.1 Daimler Group ........................................................................................................... 92

4.2 Ford ......................................................................................................................... 101

4.3 General Motors ........................................................................................................ 105

4.4 Hino Trucks.............................................................................................................. 107

4.5 Iveco ........................................................................................................................ 108

4.6 MAN Latin America .................................................................................................. 110

4.7 Navistar .................................................................................................................... 114

4.8 PACCAR................................................................................................................... 116

4.9 Scania ...................................................................................................................... 120

4.10 Volvo Group ............................................................................................................. 124

5 International aftermarket solution providers .................................................................... 137

5.1 Ctrack (Inseego) ...................................................................................................... 137

5.2 Fleet Complete ........................................................................................................ 141

5.3 Garmin and partners................................................................................................ 147

5.4 Geotab ..................................................................................................................... 149

5.5 Gurtam ..................................................................................................................... 154

5.6 KORE Position Logic ............................................................................................... 156

5.7 MiX Telematics ......................................................................................................... 159

5.8 Omnitracs ................................................................................................................ 165

5.9 Teletrac Navman ...................................................................................................... 173

5.10 Trimble ..................................................................................................................... 177

5.11 Verizon Connect ...................................................................................................... 187


iv STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

5.12 Webfleet Solutions (Bridgestone) ............................................................................ 196

6 Regional aftermarket solution providers .......................................................................... 201

6.1 North America .......................................................................................................... 201

6.1.1 Agilis Systems ................................................................................................... 201

6.1.2 Azuga ................................................................................................................ 204

6.1.3 BSM Technologies (Geotab) ............................................................................. 206

6.1.4 CalAmp .............................................................................................................. 209

6.1.5 Certified Tracking Solutions .............................................................................. 213

6.1.6 Connexas Group (Isotrak) ................................................................................. 214

6.1.7 Coretex .............................................................................................................. 216

6.1.8 CyntrX ................................................................................................................ 218

6.1.9 Donlen ............................................................................................................... 219

6.1.10 EROAD .............................................................................................................. 220

6.1.11 FieldLogix .......................................................................................................... 222

6.1.12 Fleet Freedom ................................................................................................... 224

6.1.13 Fleetilla .............................................................................................................. 225

6.1.14 Forward Thinking Systems ................................................................................ 226

6.1.15 GPS Insight ....................................................................................................... 227

6.1.16 GPS Trackit ....................................................................................................... 229

6.1.17 GreenRoad ........................................................................................................ 230

6.1.18 ISAAC Instruments ............................................................................................ 234

6.1.19 J. J. Keller .......................................................................................................... 236

6.1.20 KeepTruckin ...................................................................................................... 237

6.1.21 NexTraq (Michelin) ............................................................................................ 240

6.1.22 ORBCOMM ........................................................................................................ 243

6.1.23 Pedigree Technologies ..................................................................................... 249

6.1.24 Positioning Universal ......................................................................................... 250

6.1.25 PowerFleet ......................................................................................................... 251

6.1.26 Quartix ............................................................................................................... 254

6.1.27 Rand McNally .................................................................................................... 255

6.1.28 Samsara ............................................................................................................ 257

6.1.29 SkyBitz (AMETEK) ............................................................................................. 261


v STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

6.1.30 Spireon .............................................................................................................. 263

6.1.31 Synovia Solutions (CalAmp) ............................................................................. 266

6.1.32 Vecima Networks .............................................................................................. 268

6.1.33 Vehicle Tracking Solutions ................................................................................ 268

6.1.34 WEX ................................................................................................................... 269

6.1.35 Zonar Systems (Continental) ............................................................................ 270

6.2 Latin America ........................................................................................................... 276

6.2.1 Autotrac ............................................................................................................. 276

6.2.2 CarrierWeb ........................................................................................................ 279

6.2.3 Centro de Soluciones Inalámbricas (CSI) ......................................................... 281

6.2.4 Copiloto Satelital (Michelin) .............................................................................. 282

6.2.5 Encontrack ........................................................................................................ 284

6.2.6 FleTrack ............................................................................................................. 284

6.2.7 Ful-Mar .............................................................................................................. 285

6.2.8 Global Track ...................................................................................................... 285

6.2.9 GPS Chile .......................................................................................................... 287

6.2.10 GPS7000 ........................................................................................................... 287

6.2.11 Grupo UDA ........................................................................................................ 288

6.2.12 Grupo Ultra (ULTRACK) .................................................................................... 289

6.2.13 Hawk GPS ......................................................................................................... 290

6.2.14 Ituran ................................................................................................................. 290

6.2.15 Locatelia ............................................................................................................ 292

6.2.16 Location World .................................................................................................. 292

6.2.17 Omnilink (Show Tecnologia) ............................................................................. 294

6.2.18 OnixSat .............................................................................................................. 296

6.2.19 Pointer Telocation (PowerFleet) ........................................................................ 298

6.2.20 Pósitron (Stoneridge) ........................................................................................ 300

6.2.21 Rastreo Satelital ................................................................................................ 302

6.2.22 Redd .................................................................................................................. 302

6.2.23 Ruptela .............................................................................................................. 303

6.2.24 Sascar (Michelin) ............................................................................................... 304

6.2.25 Satrack .............................................................................................................. 307


vi STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

6.2.26 SIGhRA .............................................................................................................. 308

6.2.27 SHERLOG Technology ..................................................................................... 309

6.2.28 Soltrack ............................................................................................................. 311

6.2.29 Start Fleet Solutions .......................................................................................... 311

6.2.30 Ubicamóvil ......................................................................................................... 312

6.2.31 WideTech .......................................................................................................... 314

6.2.32 Wisetrack ........................................................................................................... 314

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 317


vii STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Registrations of GVW 3–8 vehicles (US 2016) ......................................................... 4

Figure 1.2: Registrations of GVW 3–8 vehicles (Canada 2016) .................................................. 5

Figure 1.3: Commercial vehicle manufacturer market shares GVW 3–8 (US 2014) .................. 6

Figure 1.4: Private ownership and business uses of vehicles (US 2013) ................................... 7

Figure 1.5: Distribution of new GVW 3–8 CVs by fleet size (US 2013) ....................................... 8

Figure 1.6: Ten largest commercial fleets operated by US companies (2019) .......................... 9

Figure 1.7: Trailers in use (North America 2018) ...................................................................... 10

Figure 1.8: Top trailer manufacturers (North America 2018) .................................................... 11

Figure 1.9: CVs in operation and new registrations (Latin America 2014) ............................... 12

Figure 1.10: Light commercial vehicle manufacturer statistics (Brazil 2018) ........................... 13

Figure 1.11: Heavy truck manufacturer statistics (Brazil 2018) ................................................ 14

Figure 2.1: Fleet management infrastructure overview ............................................................ 18

Figure 2.2: Examples of FM device form factors ...................................................................... 19

Figure 2.3: Data interfaces used by FM devices ...................................................................... 21

Figure 2.4: Examples of peripherals connected to FM devices ............................................... 21

Figure 2.5: Mobile network operators in the Americas (2019) ................................................. 24

Figure 2.6: Top-10 cellular IoT connectivity providers in the Americas (Q4-2018) .................. 25

Figure 2.7: Example of FM backoffice segment ....................................................................... 27

Figure 2.8: Components of a tire pressure monitoring system ................................................ 29

Figure 2.9: Examples of fuel cards ........................................................................................... 31

Figure 2.10: Fuel card transaction overview report .................................................................. 33

Figure 2.11: Overview of the FMCSA’s ELD mandate timeline ................................................ 41

Figure 3.1: Fleet management shipments and penetration (North America 2018–2023) ........ 50

Figure 3.2: Fleet management shipments and penetration (Latin America 2018–2023) ......... 51

Figure 3.3: Top-25 fleet management providers, by installed base (Americas Q4-2018) ........ 53

Figure 3.4: Trailer telematics shipments and penetration (Americas 2018–2023) ................... 55

Figure 3.5: Top-5 trailer telematics providers, by installed base (Americas Q4-2018) ............ 56

Figure 3.6: Financial data for telematics industry players (2018) ............................................. 65

Figure 3.7: Mergers and acquisitions in the fleet telematics sector (2017–2019) .................... 67


viii STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

Figure 3.8: Examples of fleet management offerings by mobile operators (2019) .................. 72

Figure 3.9: T-Mobile’s SyncUP FLEET powered by Geotab .................................................... 73

Figure 3.10: BlackBerry Radar tracking devices ...................................................................... 75

Figure 3.11: ELDs from Blue Ink Technology, Stoneridge and Continental ............................ 83

Figure 3.12: Lytx’s DriveCam Event Recorder and backoffice interface .................................. 86

Figure 3.13: Samsara’s dual-facing AI dash cam, exterior camera and interior camera ......... 87

Figure 4.1: The new Multimedia Cockpit .................................................................................. 95

Figure 4.2: Fleetboard DispoPilot.guide powered by TomTom ............................................... 95

Figure 4.3: Ford Plug-In Modem kit ........................................................................................ 102

Figure 4.4: Ford Commercial Solutions’ Ford Telematics and Ford Data Services ............... 103

Figure 4.5: PacLease’s PacTrac Telematics packages powered by Trimble ......................... 118

Figure 4.6: Scania Fleet Management app interface .............................................................. 123

Figure 4.7: Example of Volvo CE’s Fuel Report...................................................................... 134

Figure 5.1: The Android-based Ctrack On-The-Road (OTR) driver terminal .......................... 139

Figure 5.2: Ctrack Iris video monitoring solution .................................................................... 140

Figure 5.3: Fleet Complete’s MGS800 device ........................................................................ 143

Figure 5.4: Fleet Complete’s BigRoad app and DashLink ELD ............................................. 144

Figure 5.5: Fleet Complete Vision integrated with fleet tracking ............................................ 145

Figure 5.6: Garmin’s Fleet 790 fleet telematics tablet with integrated dash cam ................... 147

Figure 5.7: The new Geotab GO9 tracking device ................................................................. 150

Figure 5.8: MyGeotab fleet management software ................................................................ 151

Figure 5.9: The Wialon Hosting web interface ........................................................................ 155

Figure 5.10: KORE Position Logic’s backoffice interface ....................................................... 158

Figure 5.11: MiX Telematics’ Android-based 7’’ MiX Rovi II and RIBAS devices ................... 161

Figure 5.12: Omnitracs’ Mobile Hours of Service Application ................................................ 166

Figure 5.13: Omnitracs’ Critical Event Video .......................................................................... 167

Figure 5.14: Omnitracs’ Route Planning and Execution Software ......................................... 168

Figure 5.15: Omnitracs’ Unified Portal .................................................................................... 169

Figure 5.16: Omnitracs telematics device range .................................................................... 170

Figure 5.17: Teletrac Navman DIRECTOR and DRIVE app suite ........................................... 174

Figure 5.18: Teletrac Navman DIRECTOR Driver Safety Analytics solution ........................... 175

Figure 5.19: Mobile Gateway, Connected Gateway, ConnectedTablet and Display.5 .......... 179


ix STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

Figure 5.20: Trimble’s Video Intelligence ............................................................................... 181

Figure 5.21: Telematics devices used with Trimble PULSE ................................................... 184

Figure 5.22: Verizon Connect Fleet software interface ........................................................... 189

Figure 5.23: Coach by Verizon Connect ................................................................................. 190

Figure 5.24: Verizon Connect Reveal software interfaces ...................................................... 191

Figure 5.25: Verizon Connect Reveal video recordings interface and dash cam .................. 192

Figure 5.26: Verizon Connect’s Workforce software .............................................................. 193

Figure 5.27: WEBFLEET, LINK 510 and PRO 8275 TRUCK ................................................... 197

Figure 5.28: Webfleet Solutions’ entry-level LINK 220 and PRO 2020 ................................... 198

Figure 6.1: Agilis Systems’ GPS fleet tracking brands ........................................................... 202

Figure 6.2: Linxup vehicle tracking backoffice interface ......................................................... 203

Figure 6.3: Azuga’s offering including SafetyCam ................................................................. 204

Figure 6.4: Coretex DRIVE tablet interface ............................................................................. 217

Figure 6.5: EROAD ELD interface on Ehubo2 ........................................................................ 221

Figure 6.6: FieldLogix Apple Watch app ................................................................................. 223

Figure 6.7: Forward Thinking Systems’ FleetCam vehicle camera system............................ 227

Figure 6.8: GPS Insight’s software interfaces ......................................................................... 228

Figure 6.9: GreenRoad Drive iOS app interface ..................................................................... 231

Figure 6.10: GreenRoad Central dashboard .......................................................................... 232

Figure 6.11: ISAAC’s InMetrics telemetry recorder, InControl tablet and InView camera ...... 234

Figure 6.12: J. J. Keller Dash Cam Pro & Encompass Video Event Management Solution .. 237

Figure 6.13: KeepTruckin web and mobile interface .............................................................. 238

Figure 6.14: KeepTruckin hardware – Asset Gateway, Smart Dashcam, Vehicle Gateway ... 239

Figure 6.15: The NexTraq Elogs solution for ELD compliance .............................................. 242

Figure 6.16: ORBCOMM’s FleetManager fleet management application .............................. 246

Figure 6.17: Positioning Universal’s FJ1000 4G LTE CAT 1 Mobile Positioning Unit ............ 250

Figure 6.18: PowerFleet‘s LV-9000 ......................................................................................... 253

Figure 6.19: Rand McNally’s ELD 50, DC 100, DC 200 S and TND 740 ................................ 256

Figure 6.20: Samsara’s VG34 Vehicle IoT Gateway ............................................................... 258

Figure 6.21: The Samsara Cloud dashboard’s GPS Fleet Tracking interface ....................... 259

Figure 6.22: FleetLocate FL1 GPS tracking device and app for ELD and DVIR compliance . 265

Figure 6.23: Zonar’s device options – Connect Tablet, 2010 and Samsung Galaxy Tab ...... 272


x STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

Figure 6.24: Autotrac’s Supervisor web portal ....................................................................... 277

Figure 6.25: OnixSat’s flagship product OnixSmart 2 ............................................................ 297

Figure 6.26: Start Fleet iOS app interface ............................................................................... 312

Figure 6.27: Ubicamóvil’s software interface .......................................................................... 313

FLEET MANAGEMENT IN EUROPE INDEX


Index


List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. ix


1 Commercial vehicle fleets in Europe ................................................................................... 3

1.1 Light commercial vehicles ........................................................................................... 7

1.2 Medium and heavy trucks ........................................................................................... 8

1.3 Buses and coaches ................................................................................................... 10

1.4 Trailers and semi-trailers ........................................................................................... 11

1.5 Off-road construction and agriculture equipment ..................................................... 12

1.6 Company owned passenger cars ............................................................................. 13

1.7 Ownership structure .................................................................................................. 15

1.7.1 Statistical estimates by industry and company size ........................................... 15

1.7.2 Light commercial vehicle fleets ........................................................................... 17

1.7.3 Medium and heavy commercial vehicle fleets .................................................... 18



2.1.1 Vehicle segment .................................................................................................. 22

2.1.2 GNSS segment ................................................................................................... 25

2.1.3 Network segment ................................................................................................ 26





2.2.3 Fuel card integration and reporting .................................................................... 31





INDEX FLEET MANAGEMENT IN EUROPE








2.5.1 Digital tachograph data download ...................................................................... 39

2.5.2 Electronic toll collection ...................................................................................... 41


2.6 Business models ....................................................................................................... 44


3.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 45

3.1.1 Fleet management installed base and unit shipments ....................................... 45

3.1.2 Regional market dynamics .................................................................................. 46

3.1.3 Fleet management vendor market shares .......................................................... 47

3.1.4 Trailer telematics shipments, installed base and vendor market shares ............ 49












3.4.1 OEM fleet telematics market developments ....................................................... 70

3.4.2 New features are continuously added to fleet management solutions............... 70

3.4.3 LCV manufacturers collaborating with aftermarket players ................................ 71

3.4.4 Go-to-market strategy and pricing model evolution ........................................... 71

3.4.5 The emergence of alliances among FM solution vendors .................................. 72



3.4.6 Insurance telematics for commercial fleets ......................................................... 72

3.4.7 Major tyre manufacturers invest in the commercial vehicle telematics market .. 73

3.4.8 Fleet management services based on mobile app platforms ............................. 75

3.4.9 Big Data in the fleet management sector ............................................................ 75

3.4.10 More Pan-European players to enter the scene ................................................. 76

3.4.11 FMS providers open up their platforms to third-party app developers ............... 76

3.4.12 The Internet of Transportation Things expands the addressable market ........... 77

3.4.13 Autonomous and electric vehicle fleets to influence the FMS market ................ 77

3.4.14 Mergers and acquisitions to continue in 2019–2020 .......................................... 78

3.4.15 The long-term evolution of the fleet management ecosystem ........................... 79


4.1 Truck manufacturers .................................................................................................. 81

4.1.1 Daimler Group ..................................................................................................... 81

4.1.2 Volvo Group (including Renault Trucks) ............................................................. 86

4.1.3 Scania .................................................................................................................. 89

4.1.4 MAN Truck & Bus ................................................................................................ 91

4.1.5 DAF Trucks .......................................................................................................... 94

4.1.6 Iveco .................................................................................................................... 95

4.2 Construction equipment manufacturers .................................................................... 98

4.2.1 Bobcat ................................................................................................................. 98

4.2.2 Caterpillar ............................................................................................................ 99

4.2.3 Deere & Company ............................................................................................. 101

4.2.4 Hyundai Construction Equipment ..................................................................... 102

4.2.5 JCB .................................................................................................................... 103

4.2.6 Komatsu ............................................................................................................ 104

4.2.7 Volvo CE ............................................................................................................ 105

4.3 Trailer manufacturers ............................................................................................... 106

4.3.1 Schmitz Cargobull ............................................................................................. 106

4.3.2 Krone ................................................................................................................. 108

4.3.3 Kögel ................................................................................................................. 108

4.4 OE suppliers ............................................................................................................ 109

4.4.1 Actia ................................................................................................................... 110



4.4.2 Continental ........................................................................................................ 110

4.4.3 Knorr-Bremse .................................................................................................... 111

4.4.4 Stoneridge Electronics ...................................................................................... 112

4.4.5 WABCO ............................................................................................................. 113

4.5 Hardware and software providers ........................................................................... 115

4.5.1 Advantech ......................................................................................................... 115

4.5.2 Aplicom ............................................................................................................. 117

4.5.3 CalAmp .............................................................................................................. 118

4.5.4 ERM Advanced Telematics ............................................................................... 121

4.5.5 Falcom (Lantronix) ............................................................................................ 122

4.5.6 IAV ..................................................................................................................... 122

4.5.7 John Deere Electronic Solutions ....................................................................... 123

4.5.8 Micronet ............................................................................................................. 123

4.5.9 Mobile Devices .................................................................................................. 125

4.5.10 Pointer Telocation (PowerFleet) ........................................................................ 125

4.5.11 Quake Global .................................................................................................... 127

4.5.12 Squarell Technology ......................................................................................... 127

4.6 Video-based driver monitoring solution vendors .................................................... 128

4.6.1 Guardvant .......................................................................................................... 128

4.6.2 Lytx .................................................................................................................... 129

4.6.3 Seeing Machines ............................................................................................... 129

4.6.4 SmartDrive Systems .......................................................................................... 130

4.6.5 Safety Vision ...................................................................................................... 131

4.6.6 SmartWitness .................................................................................................... 132

4.6.7 Streamax ........................................................................................................... 132

4.6.8 SureCam ........................................................................................................... 133

4.6.9 VisionTrack ........................................................................................................ 133

5 International aftermarket solution providers .................................................................... 135

5.1 ABAX ........................................................................................................................ 135

5.2 Astrata Europe ......................................................................................................... 138

5.3 Cartrack ................................................................................................................... 143

5.4 Ctrack (Inseego) ...................................................................................................... 145



5.5 Fleet Complete ........................................................................................................ 148


5.7 Geotab ..................................................................................................................... 153

5.8 Gurtam ..................................................................................................................... 155

5.9 Masternaut ............................................................................................................... 156

5.10 MiX Telematics ......................................................................................................... 160

5.11 ORBCOMM .............................................................................................................. 163

5.12 Samsara ................................................................................................................... 165

5.13 Teletrac Navman ...................................................................................................... 168

5.14 Trackunit .................................................................................................................. 172

5.15 Transics – a WABCO company ............................................................................... 173

5.16 Trimble ..................................................................................................................... 176

5.17 Vehco ....................................................................................................................... 181

5.18 Verizon Connect ...................................................................................................... 184

5.19 Viasat Group ............................................................................................................ 191

5.20 Webfleet Solutions (TomTom Telematics) .............................................................. 193


6.1 Benelux and France ................................................................................................. 200

6.1.1 EasyFleet ........................................................................................................... 201

6.1.2 Eliot .................................................................................................................... 202

6.1.3 FleetGO ............................................................................................................. 202

6.1.4 GeoDynamics .................................................................................................... 203

6.1.5 GPS-Buddy ........................................................................................................ 204

6.1.6 Inter-Data ........................................................................................................... 204

6.1.7 Locster ............................................................................................................... 204

6.1.8 Market-IP (Telefleet) .......................................................................................... 205

6.1.9 Micpoint ............................................................................................................. 206

6.1.10 Novacom CLS Services..................................................................................... 206

6.1.11 OCEAN (Orange Business Services) ................................................................ 207

6.1.12 Optimum Automotive Group (Mapping Control) .............................................. 209

6.1.13 Prometheus Informatics .................................................................................... 209

6.1.14 RAM Mobile Data ............................................................................................... 210



6.1.15 Route42 ............................................................................................................. 210

6.1.16 RouteVision ....................................................................................................... 211

6.1.17 Simpliciti ............................................................................................................ 211

6.1.18 SoFleet (Synox) ................................................................................................. 212

6.1.19 SuiviDeFlotte.net ............................................................................................... 212

6.1.20 Suivo .................................................................................................................. 213

6.1.21 TEKSAT ............................................................................................................. 213

6.1.22 Traqueur ............................................................................................................ 214

6.2 Germany and Central Europe ................................................................................. 215

6.2.1 ArealControl....................................................................................................... 216

6.2.2 AROBS Transilvania Software ........................................................................... 217

6.2.3 Bornemann ........................................................................................................ 218

6.2.4 CCS (Fleetcor) ................................................................................................... 219

6.2.5 CVS Mobile ........................................................................................................ 220

6.2.6 ENAiKOON ........................................................................................................ 220

6.2.7 ETA Automatizari Industriale ............................................................................. 221

6.2.8 Eurowag Telematics .......................................................................................... 221

6.2.9 Framelogic ......................................................................................................... 222

6.2.10 GPS Bulgaria ..................................................................................................... 223

6.2.11 i-Cell ................................................................................................................... 224

6.2.12 iData .................................................................................................................. 225

6.2.13 Idem Telematics ................................................................................................ 226

6.2.14 Logifleet ............................................................................................................. 227

6.2.15 LOSTnFOUND (fleet.tech) ................................................................................. 228

6.2.16 Mapon ............................................................................................................... 228

6.2.17 Mireo .................................................................................................................. 229

6.2.18 mobileObjects ................................................................................................... 230

6.2.19 Ruptela .............................................................................................................. 230

6.2.20 Sherlog Technology .......................................................................................... 231

6.2.21 Spedion ............................................................................................................. 232

6.2.22 Vimcar ............................................................................................................... 232

6.2.23 VISPIRON .......................................................................................................... 233



6.2.24 WebEye Telematics Group ............................................................................... 234

6.2.25 Yellowfox ........................................................................................................... 235

6.2.26 ZF Openmatics .................................................................................................. 235

6.3 The Mediterranean .................................................................................................. 236

6.3.1 Frotcom International ........................................................................................ 238

6.3.2 G4S Telematix ................................................................................................... 238

6.3.3 GMV ................................................................................................................... 239

6.3.4 Locatel ............................................................................................................... 239

6.3.5 Loqus ................................................................................................................. 240

6.3.6 Macnil – Zucchetti Group .................................................................................. 241

6.3.7 Satdata .............................................................................................................. 241

6.3.8 Sateliun .............................................................................................................. 242

6.3.9 Targa Telematics ............................................................................................... 242

6.3.10 Tecmic ............................................................................................................... 243

6.3.11 Trackysat ........................................................................................................... 244

6.3.12 Vodafone Automotive ........................................................................................ 244

6.4 Nordic countries ...................................................................................................... 245

6.4.1 Autogear ............................................................................................................ 247

6.4.2 Automile ............................................................................................................ 247

6.4.3 Project44 ........................................................................................................... 248

6.4.4 GpsGate ............................................................................................................ 248

6.4.5 GSGroup ........................................................................................................... 249

6.4.6 GSMvalve .......................................................................................................... 249

6.4.7 Locus Solutions ................................................................................................. 250

6.4.8 Opter.................................................................................................................. 250

6.4.9 TelliQ ................................................................................................................. 250

6.4.10 Total Car ............................................................................................................ 251

6.4.11 Triona (Fleetech) ............................................................................................... 251

6.4.12 Zeekit ................................................................................................................. 252

6.5 UK and Ireland ......................................................................................................... 252

6.5.1 3Dtracking ......................................................................................................... 254

6.5.2 Aeromark ........................................................................................................... 254



6.5.3 BigChange......................................................................................................... 255

6.5.4 Connexas Group (Isotrak) ................................................................................. 255

6.5.5 GreenRoad ........................................................................................................ 257

6.5.6 Matrix Telematics............................................................................................... 258

6.5.7 Microlise ............................................................................................................ 259

6.5.8 Quartix ............................................................................................................... 260

6.5.9 Radius Payment Solutions (Kinesis Telematics) ............................................... 260

6.5.10 RAM Tracking .................................................................................................... 262

6.5.11 Satmo ................................................................................................................ 262

6.5.12 Trakm8 .............................................................................................................. 263

6.5.13 Transpoco ......................................................................................................... 264

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 265



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Commercial vehicles in use (EU23+2 2016) ........................................................... 4

Figure 1.2: New registrations of commercial vehicles (EU23+2 2018) ...................................... 5

Figure 1.3: Commercial vehicle market trends by country (EU23+2 2018) .............................. 6

Figure 1.4: LCV manufacturer market shares (EU28+2 2018) ................................................... 7

Figure 1.5: Trucks (>3.5t) market shares, by group and brand (EU28+2 2018) ...................... 8

Figure 1.6: Trucks (3.5–16t) market shares, by group and brand (EU28+2 2018) ................... 9

Figure 1.7: Trucks (>16t) market shares, by group and brand (EU28+2 2018) ....................... 9

Figure 1.8: Bus and coach market shares, by group and brand (EU28+2 2018) ................... 10

Figure 1.9: Trailer manufacturer production volumes and market share (EU23+2 2018) ....... 11

Figure 1.10: Off-road equipment shipments by category (EU28+2 2018) .............................. 12

Figure 1.11: Passenger car registration data (EU28+2 2018) ................................................. 14

Figure 1.12: CVs and average fleet size by industry and company size (EU27 2015) ............ 16

Figure 1.13: Examples of typical organisations for different LCV fleet sizes ............................ 17

Figure 1.14: Examples of typical organisations for different HCV fleet sizes ........................... 18


Figure 2.2: Examples of FM unit form factors ........................................................................... 23

Figure 2.3: Data interfaces used by FM units ........................................................................... 24

Figure 2.4: Examples of devices connected to FM-units.......................................................... 25

Figure 2.5: Mobile network operators (EU23+2 2018) ............................................................. 27


Figure 2.7: Fuel card transaction overview report .................................................................... 32

Figure 2.8: Examples of fuel cards ........................................................................................... 33

Figure 2.9: Digital tachograph smart cards issued (EU23+2 Q4-2013) .................................. 40

Figure 2.10: Nationwide Toll systems for trucks in Europe (2019) ........................................... 41

Figure 3.1: Fleet management shipments and penetration rate (EU27+2 2017–2023) .......... 46

Figure 3.2: Fleet management installed base and penetration rate by region (Q4-2018) ....... 47

Figure 3.3: Top-50 fleet management providers, by installed base (EU27+2 Q4-2018) ......... 48

Figure 3.4: Trailer Telematics shipments and penetration rate (EU28+2 2017–2023) ............ 50


x STRATEGIC RESEARCH SERIES M2M RESEARCH SERIES

Figure 3.5: Top-5 trailer telematics providers, by installed base (EU28+2 Q4-2018) .............. 50

Figure 3.6: Financial data for leading telematics industry players (2018) ................................ 56

Figure 3.7: FM mergers and acquisitions in Europe (2010–2019) ........................................... 60

Figure 3.8: Mobile operators in Europe by cellular IoT subscriber base (Q4-2018) ................ 66



Figure 4.2: Micronet A-307 Mobile Data Terminal .................................................................. 124

Figure 5.1: ABAX Fleet Management ...................................................................................... 136

Figure 5.2: ABAX acquisition history ....................................................................................... 137

Figure 5.3: Cartrack’s Drive Vision on-board dual camera system ........................................ 144

Figure 5.4: The Android-based Ctrack On-The-Road (OTR) driver terminal .......................... 146



Figure 5.7: Masternaut Connect overview .............................................................................. 157

Figure 5.8: Samsara’s VG34 Vehicle IoT Gateway ................................................................. 166

Figure 5.9: The Samsara Cloud dashboard’s GPS Fleet Tracking interface ......................... 167

Figure 5.10: Teletrac Navman DIRECTOR and DRIVE app suite ........................................... 170

Figure 5.11: Transics TX-SKY and TX-GO .............................................................................. 175

Figure 5.12: Verizon Connect Fleet software interface ........................................................... 187


Figure 5.14: Verizon Connect Reveal software interfaces ...................................................... 189

Figure 5.15: Viasat WebConsole App ..................................................................................... 192

Figure 5.16: WEBFLEET, PRO 8275 TRUCK and LINK 510 ................................................... 196

Figure 6.1: Active FM systems by region (Europe 2010–2023) .............................................. 199

Figure 6.2: Active FM systems in Benelux and France (2010–2023) ..................................... 200

Figure 6.3: Active FM systems in Germany and Central Europe (2010–2023) ...................... 215

Figure 6.4: Active FM systems in the Mediterranean (2010–2023) ........................................ 237

Figure 6.5: Active FM systems in the Nordic countries (2010–2023) ..................................... 246

Figure 6.6: Active FM systems in the UK and Ireland (2010–2023) ........................................ 253

FLEET MANAGEMENT IN RUSSIA/CIS AND EASTERN EUROPE INDEX


Index


List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. vi


1 Commercial vehicle fleets in the CIS and Eastern Europe .................................................. 3

1.1 The commercial vehicle market in Russia and the CIS ............................................... 4

1.1.1 Manufacturer market shares ................................................................................. 5

1.1.2 Ownership structure .............................................................................................. 9

1.2 The commercial vehicle market in Eastern Europe ..................................................... 9

1.2.1 Manufacturer market shares ............................................................................... 10

1.2.2 Ownership structure ............................................................................................ 13



2.1.1 Vehicle segment .................................................................................................. 18

2.1.2 GNSS segment ................................................................................................... 21

2.1.3 Network segment ................................................................................................ 22














INDEX FLEET MANAGEMENT IN RUSSIA/CIS AND EASTERN EUROPE



2.5.1 Drivers’ working hours ........................................................................................ 34

2.5.2 Digital tachograph data download ...................................................................... 34

2.5.3 Electronic toll collection ...................................................................................... 36

2.5.4 ERA-GLONASS and eCall ................................................................................... 39


2.6 Business models ....................................................................................................... 41


3.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 43

3.1.1 Installed base and unit shipments – Eastern Europe and CIS including Russia 43

3.1.2 Installed base and unit shipments – Russia ........................................................ 44

3.1.3 Regional markets and players ............................................................................. 45














4.1 European truck manufacturers .................................................................................. 73

4.1.1 DAF Trucks .......................................................................................................... 73

4.1.2 Daimler Group ..................................................................................................... 74

4.1.3 Iveco .................................................................................................................... 80

4.1.4 MAN Truck & Bus ................................................................................................ 83

4.1.5 Scania .................................................................................................................. 86

4.1.6 Volvo Group ........................................................................................................ 90



4.2 Local truck manufacturers in the CIS ........................................................................ 92

4.2.1 GAZ Group .......................................................................................................... 93

4.2.2 Kamaz .................................................................................................................. 95

4.2.3 UAZ ...................................................................................................................... 96

4.2.4 MAZ ..................................................................................................................... 97

5 International aftermarket solution providers ...................................................................... 99

5.1 Astrata Europe ......................................................................................................... 100

5.2 Fleet Complete ........................................................................................................ 104


5.4 MiX Telematics ......................................................................................................... 110

5.5 Transics ................................................................................................................... 114

5.6 Viasat Group ............................................................................................................ 117

5.7 Webfleet Solutions (Bridgestone) ............................................................................ 119


6.1 Arvento Mobile Systems .......................................................................................... 125

6.2 CVS Mobile .............................................................................................................. 128

6.3 Fort Telecom ............................................................................................................ 129

6.4 Frotcom International .............................................................................................. 132

6.5 Gurtam ..................................................................................................................... 133

6.6 Mobiliz ...................................................................................................................... 136

6.7 Omnicomm .............................................................................................................. 138

6.8 Ruptela ..................................................................................................................... 141

6.9 TechnoKom ............................................................................................................. 143

6.10 Teltonika .................................................................................................................. 145

6.11 WebEye Telematics Group ...................................................................................... 146

7 Local aftermarket solution providers ............................................................................... 149

7.1 Russia and the CIS .................................................................................................. 149

7.1.1 ANTOR .............................................................................................................. 149

7.1.2 Arkan ................................................................................................................. 151

7.1.3 Autoconnex and Vodafone Automotive ............................................................ 152

7.1.4 Autolocator (Megapage) ................................................................................... 153

7.1.5 AutoTracker ....................................................................................................... 155



7.1.6 BelTransSputnik ................................................................................................ 157

7.1.7 Benish GPS ....................................................................................................... 159

7.1.8 Cesar Satellite ................................................................................................... 160

7.1.9 Galileosky .......................................................................................................... 161

7.1.10 Garage GPS ...................................................................................................... 163

7.1.11 GeliosSoft .......................................................................................................... 164

7.1.12 GlobalSat ........................................................................................................... 166

7.1.13 GLONASSSoft ................................................................................................... 167

7.1.14 Glosav ............................................................................................................... 169

7.1.15 ITOB .................................................................................................................. 170

7.1.16 Live GPS Tracking (SkyNavis) .......................................................................... 170

7.1.17 Locarus .............................................................................................................. 171

7.1.18 Matrix ................................................................................................................. 172

7.1.19 Micro Line .......................................................................................................... 172

7.1.20 Navigator Group (ENDS) ................................................................................... 173

7.1.21 Navtelecom ....................................................................................................... 177

7.1.22 NIS (MTS) .......................................................................................................... 178

7.1.23 RCS ................................................................................................................... 180

7.1.24 Ritm ................................................................................................................... 181

7.1.25 SCOUT .............................................................................................................. 182

7.1.26 SpaceTeam ....................................................................................................... 185

7.1.27 SquareGPS ........................................................................................................ 188

7.1.28 T-One Group ..................................................................................................... 189

7.1.29 Vektor GPS ........................................................................................................ 190

7.2 Eastern Europe ........................................................................................................ 190

7.2.1 Aldobec Technologies (W.A.G. payment solutions) ......................................... 191

7.2.2 AROBS Transilvania Software ........................................................................... 192

7.2.3 Artronic .............................................................................................................. 193

7.2.4 Auto3P (MultiFleet) ............................................................................................ 195

7.2.5 Business Lease Romania .................................................................................. 196

7.2.6 CCS (Fleetcor) ................................................................................................... 196

7.2.7 EasyTRACK ....................................................................................................... 198



7.2.8 ETA Automatizari Industriale (SafeFleet)........................................................... 198

7.2.9 Eurowag Telematics (W.A.G. payment solutions) ............................................ 199

7.2.10 Evotracking (Vodafone) ..................................................................................... 200

7.2.11 Framelogic (Vehco) ........................................................................................... 201

7.2.12 GPS Bulgaria ..................................................................................................... 202

7.2.13 GPS-server.net .................................................................................................. 203

7.2.14 GSMvalve .......................................................................................................... 204

7.2.15 GX Solutions ...................................................................................................... 205

7.2.16 i-Cell ................................................................................................................... 206

7.2.17 iData .................................................................................................................. 207

7.2.18 Infocar ................................................................................................................ 207

7.2.19 Infotech .............................................................................................................. 209

7.2.20 iSYS Professional .............................................................................................. 211

7.2.21 Locator BG ........................................................................................................ 211

7.2.22 Mapon ............................................................................................................... 212

7.2.23 Mireo .................................................................................................................. 213

7.2.24 Mobilisis ............................................................................................................. 214

7.2.25 MOVYS .............................................................................................................. 216

7.2.26 Satko ................................................................................................................. 216

7.2.27 Seyir Mobil ......................................................................................................... 217

7.2.28 SHERLOG Technology ..................................................................................... 218

7.2.29 Skyguard (Secret Control) ................................................................................ 219

7.2.30 Sledenje............................................................................................................. 220

7.2.31 Tahograf ............................................................................................................ 221

7.2.32 TrackNav ........................................................................................................... 221

7.2.33 Webbase (Secret Control) ................................................................................. 222

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 225



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Commercial vehicles in use in Russia and the CIS (2013) ....................................... 4

Figure 1.2: Structure of the Russian truck fleet by brand (2018) ................................................ 6

Figure 1.3: Sales of trucks by brand in Russia (2018) ................................................................ 7

Figure 1.4: Sales of LCVs by brand in Russia (2018) ................................................................. 8

Figure 1.5: Commercial vehicle fleet structure in Russia (2019) ................................................ 9

Figure 1.6: Commercial vehicles in use in Eastern Europe (2013) .......................................... 10

Figure 1.7: Trucks (>3.5t) market shares, by group and brand (EU28+2 2018) .................... 11

Figure 1.8: LCV manufacturer market shares (EU28+2 2018) ................................................. 12

Figure 1.9: Examples of typical organisations for different LCV fleet sizes .............................. 13

Figure 1.10: Examples of typical organisations for different HCV fleet sizes ........................... 14


Figure 2.2: Examples of FM device form factors ...................................................................... 19


Figure 2.4: Examples of peripherals connected to FM devices ............................................... 21

Figure 2.5: Mobile network operators in Eastern Europe (2019) ............................................. 23

Figure 2.6: Mobile network operators in Russia and the CIS region (2019) ............................ 25


Figure 2.8: On-board units for the Russian electronic toll collection system Platon ................ 38

Figure 3.1: FM shipments and penetration rate (Russia/CIS/Eastern Europe 2018–2023) ..... 44

Figure 3.2: FM shipments and penetration rate (Russia 2018–2023)....................................... 45

Figure 3.3: Top-15 FM providers, by installed base (CIS and Eastern Europe Q4-2018) ........ 51


Figure 3.5: FM mergers and acquisitions in Europe and the CIS (2014–2019) ....................... 61



Figure 4.2: Fleetboard DispoPilot.guide powered by TomTom ............................................... 77

Figure 4.3: Scania Fleet Management app interface ................................................................ 89

Figure 4.4: GAZ Connect app for iOS ....................................................................................... 94





Figure 5.3: Viasat WebConsole app ....................................................................................... 118

Figure 5.4: Webfleet Solutions’ PRO 8375 TRUCK, LINK 710 and WEBFLEET ..................... 120

Figure 5.5: Webfleet Solutions’ entry-level LINK 201 and PRO 2020 ..................................... 121

Figure 6.1: Arvento’s range of tracking devices ..................................................................... 126

Figure 6.2: FORT-112EG-M fleet management device with ERA-GLONASS/eCall support .. 130

Figure 6.3: Fort Telecom’s Fort Monitor backoffice interface ................................................. 131

Figure 6.4: Wialon Hosting web interface ............................................................................... 134

Figure 6.5: Profi, OKO and LLS 5 sensor from Omnicomm ................................................... 139

Figure 6.6: TechnoKom’s AutoGRAPH Web interface............................................................ 144

Figure 6.7: Teltonika’s FMB001, FMM130 and FM6300 fleet management products ........... 146

Figure 7.1: Autoconnex monitoring interface ......................................................................... 153

Figure 7.2: BelTransSputnik’s BTSMobile Android interface ................................................. 158

Figure 7.3: Transport monitoring system interface from Cesar Satellite ................................ 161

Figure 7.4: Galileosky Base Block and Galileosky 7.0 devices .............................................. 162

Figure 7.5: Gelios tracking system interface .......................................................................... 165

Figure 7.6: GLONASSSoft’s web-based backoffice interface ................................................ 168

Figure 7.7: Smart and Signal GLONASS/GPS trackers from Navtelecom ............................. 176

Figure 7.8: Ritm’s cloud-based GeoRitm software ................................................................. 182

Figure 7.9: Scout MT-700 PRO 285 and MT-700 OBD-Dongle tracking devices ................... 184

Figure 7:10: SquareGPS’ Navixy GPS tracking and telematics platform ............................... 189

Figure 7.11: Auto 3P Romania’s MultiFleet platform .............................................................. 195

Figure 7.12: CCS Carnet interface .......................................................................................... 197

Figure 7.13: Tracking interface of GPS-server.net .................................................................. 204

Figure 7.14: Infocar web-based GPS fleet management interface ......................................... 208

Figure 7.15: Infotech’s Infomobil Lite and Infomobil Pro interfaces ....................................... 210

Figure 7.16: Locator BG Android app ..................................................................................... 212

FLEET MANAGEMENT IN CHINA INDEX


Index


List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. v


1 Commercial vehicle fleets in China ..................................................................................... 3

1.1 Light trucks .................................................................................................................. 5

1.2 Medium trucks ............................................................................................................. 6

1.3 Heavy trucks ................................................................................................................ 7

1.4 Buses and coaches ..................................................................................................... 9

1.5 Trailers ....................................................................................................................... 11

1.6 Ownership structure .................................................................................................. 12



2.1.1 Vehicle segment .................................................................................................. 16

2.1.2 GNSS segment ................................................................................................... 19

2.1.3 Network segment ................................................................................................ 20














INDEX FLEET MANAGEMENT IN CHINA


2.5.1 Digital tachographs and similar regulations and standards ............................... 28

2.5.2 Road tolls and other fees .................................................................................... 30

2.5.3 IoT platform ......................................................................................................... 31

2.6 Business models ....................................................................................................... 32


3.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 33


3.1.2 Local market characteristics in China ................................................................. 34














4.1 Chinese truck manufacturers .................................................................................... 57

4.1.1 Foton ................................................................................................................... 58

4.1.2 Shaanxi Automobile Group ................................................................................. 59

4.1.3 Dongfeng ............................................................................................................. 59

4.1.4 FAW ..................................................................................................................... 60

4.1.5 CNHTC (Sinotruk) ............................................................................................... 61

4.1.6 JAC ...................................................................................................................... 61

4.2 Chinese bus manufacturers ...................................................................................... 62

4.2.1 King Long Group ................................................................................................. 62

4.2.2 Yutong ................................................................................................................. 64

4.2.3 Ankai .................................................................................................................... 65



4.2.4 Zhongtong ........................................................................................................... 66

4.2.5 Youngman ........................................................................................................... 66

4.2.6 Huanghai ............................................................................................................. 66

4.2.7 Sunwin ................................................................................................................. 67

5 International aftermarket solution providers ...................................................................... 69

5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 69

5.1.1 China is a challenging but promising growth market for international players .. 69

5.1.2 A small number of Western FMS providers are active on the Chinese market .. 70

5.1.3 Future China plans among international FMS vendors vary considerably ......... 70

5.2 Astrata Group ............................................................................................................ 72

5.3 DigiCore ..................................................................................................................... 74

5.4 Microlise ..................................................................................................................... 76

5.5 MiX Telematics ........................................................................................................... 78

5.6 Navman Wireless ....................................................................................................... 82

5.7 Trimble ....................................................................................................................... 84

6 Chinese aftermarket solution providers ............................................................................. 89

6.1 Track & trace solutions .............................................................................................. 89

6.1.1 3 Union Star ......................................................................................................... 90

6.1.2 666GPS ............................................................................................................... 90

6.1.3 E6GPS ................................................................................................................. 91

6.1.4 Eagle Patrol FMS ................................................................................................. 91

6.1.5 Etrans .................................................................................................................. 92

6.1.6 Exsun ................................................................................................................... 92

6.1.7 Hangzhou Hopechart Digital ............................................................................... 93

6.1.8 Hon Wai Tat (Macau) Network Technologies ..................................................... 93

6.1.9 Huoyunren ........................................................................................................... 94

6.1.10 Lingtu ................................................................................................................... 94

6.1.11 Meitrack ............................................................................................................... 94

6.1.12 Mingzhou Technology ......................................................................................... 95

6.1.13 Shandong Jiacheng Software & Technology ..................................................... 95

6.1.14 Shanghai Sizeng Information Technology .......................................................... 96

6.1.15 Shenzhen Car Steward Technology ................................................................... 97

INDEX FLEET MANAGEMENT IN CHINA


6.1.16 Shenzhen Fangyuan Info-Tech ........................................................................... 97

6.1.17 Shenzhen Huabao Electronics Technology ........................................................ 98

6.1.18 Shenzhen SOFAR Communication ..................................................................... 98

6.1.19 Shenzhen Weitongda Electronics ....................................................................... 99

6.1.20 Star Open Electronics ......................................................................................... 99

6.1.21 TIZA ..................................................................................................................... 99

6.1.22 YHT .................................................................................................................... 100

6.1.23 Zhengzhou Shenyang Science & Technology ................................................. 100

6.2 OBD/CAN-based solutions ...................................................................................... 101

6.2.1 Aerospace Intelligent ......................................................................................... 101

6.2.2 Aore Technology ............................................................................................... 102

6.2.3 Beijing UniStrong Science & Technology ......................................................... 103

6.2.4 Chainway ITS .................................................................................................... 104

6.2.5 DNA ................................................................................................................... 105

6.2.6 Guangzhou Record Win Intelligent Technology ............................................... 105

6.2.7 Shanghai Transun Telematics Technology....................................................... 106

6.2.8 Sinocastel .......................................................................................................... 107

6.3 Mobile device-based solutions ................................................................................ 108

6.3.1 Log 56................................................................................................................ 108

6.4 Hardware and VAS .................................................................................................. 109

6.4.1 Baoding Beier Electronics ................................................................................. 109

6.4.2 Beijing Zhongdou Technology (Ccompass) ..................................................... 109

6.4.3 Heacent ............................................................................................................. 110

6.4.4 Shandong Chean Electronics Technology ....................................................... 111

6.4.5 Shenzhen Flycosmos New Technology ............................................................ 111

6.4.6 Shenzhen Legevo Technology ......................................................................... 111

6.4.7 Shenzhen Liyuan Communication Technology ................................................ 112

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 113



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Total number of registered trucks by weight classification (China 2011) ................ 3

Figure 1.2: Top manufacturers of trucks and buses (China 2013) ............................................. 4

Figure 1.3: Development of light truck sales (China 2002–2013) ............................................... 5

Figure 1.4: Development of medium truck sales (China 2002–2013) ........................................ 6

Figure 1.5: Sales of medium trucks (6–15t) by manufacturer (China 2013)............................... 7

Figure 1.6: Development of heavy truck sales (China 2002–2013) ............................................ 8

Figure 1.7: Sales of heavy trucks (>14t) by manufacturer (China 2013) ................................... 9

Figure 1.8: Sales of buses by manufacturer and category (China 2013) ................................. 10


Figure 2.2: Examples of FM unit form factors ........................................................................... 17


Figure 2.4: Examples of devices connected to FM devices ..................................................... 19


Figure 3.1: FM shipments, installed base and penetration (China 2013–2019) ....................... 34

Figure 3.2: Top Chinese fleet management vendors by installed base (2014) ........................ 37

Figure 3.3: Mobile operators in China by M2M subscriber base (Q4-2013) ............................ 51

Figure 5.1: Astrata’s Geo-Location Platform (GLP1000) telematics device ............................. 73

Figure 5.2: Microlise’s DriveTab tablet and Driver Performance Management (DPM) app ..... 77

Figure 5.3: MiX Telematics’ FM Communicator and RIBAS hardware devices........................ 79

Figure 5.4: Navman Wireless’ Qube, MDT 860 and M-Nav 800 ............................................... 82

Figure 5.5: Trimble Automotive Platform (TAP) tracking device ............................................... 87

Figure 6.1: In-cab device from Shandong Jiacheng Software & Technology .......................... 96

Figure 6.2: Aerospace Intelligent’s Vdrive interface ............................................................... 101

Figure 6.3: Hardware from Aore Technology ......................................................................... 102

Figure 6.4: Transun’s in-vehicle hardware .............................................................................. 106

Figure 6.5: Sinocastel track & trace and OBD devices .......................................................... 107

Figure 6.6: Telematics hardware provided by Beijing Zhongdou Technology (Ccompass) . 110

TRAILER AND CARGO CONTAINER TRACKING INDEX


Index


List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. vii


1 Global freight transportation overview ................................................................................. 3

1.1 International merchandise trade .................................................................................. 4

1.1.1 Freight transportation modes ................................................................................ 6

1.1.2 Logistics units and containerisation ...................................................................... 7

1.1.3 Ports, terminals and trade lanes ........................................................................... 9

1.2 Intermodal shipping containers ................................................................................. 12

1.2.1 Container fleet ..................................................................................................... 13

1.2.2 Container manufacturers ..................................................................................... 15

1.2.3 Container ships ................................................................................................... 16

1.2.4 Container ownership structure ............................................................................ 16

1.2.5 Container shipping companies ........................................................................... 17

1.2.6 Container leasing companies ............................................................................. 18

1.3 Trailers, semi-trailers, rail freight wagons and ULDs ................................................. 20

1.3.1 Trailers and semi-trailers ..................................................................................... 20

1.3.2 Rail Freight Wagons ............................................................................................ 21

1.3.3 Air freight unit load devices ................................................................................. 24

1.4 Other transport industry actors ................................................................................. 27

1.4.1 Consigner/Consignee ......................................................................................... 28

1.4.2 Freight forwarders ............................................................................................... 28

1.4.3 Customs and regulatory authorities .................................................................... 29

1.4.4 Terminal operators and ground handlers ........................................................... 29

2 Trailer and cargo container tracking solutions .................................................................. 31

2.1 Trailer and cargo container tracking infrastructure ................................................... 32

2.1.1 Trailer and cargo container segment .................................................................. 34

2.1.2 GNSS segment ................................................................................................... 37

INDEX TRAILER AND CARGO CONTAINER TRACKING


2.1.3 Network segment ................................................................................................ 38

2.1.4 Service segment .................................................................................................. 40

2.2 Supply chain management ....................................................................................... 41

2.2.1 Cargo and inventory management ..................................................................... 41


2.3 Security management ............................................................................................... 43

2.3.1 Theft, accident and damage security .................................................................. 43

2.3.2 Terrorism and illegal and dangerous goods security ......................................... 43

2.4 Trailer and container management ........................................................................... 44

2.4.1 Container and trailer fleet management .............................................................. 44

2.4.2 Container and trailer transport management ...................................................... 44


2.5.1 Supply chain security and environmental programs .......................................... 45

2.5.2 Tax collection ...................................................................................................... 50

2.6 International container and cargo tracking technology initiatives ............................. 50

2.6.1 The Integrity project ............................................................................................ 50

2.6.2 The Smart-CM project ......................................................................................... 51

2.6.3 The Cassandra project ........................................................................................ 52

2.6.4 The CONTAIN project ......................................................................................... 53

2.6.5 The CORE project ............................................................................................... 53

2.6.6 The RTICM project .............................................................................................. 54

2.6.7 The SaMoLoSa project ........................................................................................ 55

2.6.8 The US Department of Homeland Security’s Cargo Security Programs ............ 56

2.6.9 The RECONS project .......................................................................................... 56

2.6.10 The Apex-Secure Transit Corridors Project ........................................................ 57

2.6.11 The NexTrust project ........................................................................................... 58

2.7 Business models ....................................................................................................... 58


3.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 61

3.1.1 Installed base and unit shipments ...................................................................... 61

3.1.2 Market value ........................................................................................................ 63

3.1.3 Regional markets ................................................................................................ 66











3.3.2 Cargo transport industry players ........................................................................ 86




4 European solution providers ........................................................................................... 103

4.1 Agheera ................................................................................................................... 105

4.2 Arviem ...................................................................................................................... 106

4.3 Bosch ....................................................................................................................... 107

4.4 CargoGuard ............................................................................................................. 108

4.5 CLS Group (Novacom Services) ............................................................................. 109

4.6 DHL .......................................................................................................................... 110

4.7 EPSa ........................................................................................................................ 111

4.8 Future Telematics .................................................................................................... 113

4.9 Globe Tracker .......................................................................................................... 114

4.10 Hanhaa .................................................................................................................... 115

4.11 Hirschmann Car Communication (TE Connectivity) ............................................... 117

4.12 Idem Telematics ...................................................................................................... 118

4.13 Identec Solutions ..................................................................................................... 120

4.14 Intermodal Telematics ............................................................................................. 121

4.15 Kirsen Global Security ............................................................................................. 122

4.16 Kizy Tracking ........................................................................................................... 124

4.17 KPN .......................................................................................................................... 125

4.18 Loksys Solutions ...................................................................................................... 126

4.19 LOSTnFOUND (fleet.tech) ....................................................................................... 127



4.20 Macnil (Zucchetti Group) ......................................................................................... 128

4.21 Maersk Line ............................................................................................................. 128

4.22 Masternaut ............................................................................................................... 130

4.23 Mecomo ................................................................................................................... 132

4.24 Nexiot ....................................................................................................................... 133

4.25 Ovinto ...................................................................................................................... 135

4.26 RM2 .......................................................................................................................... 135

4.27 SAVVY Telematic Systems ...................................................................................... 137

4.28 Schmitz Cargobull ................................................................................................... 139

4.29 SecureSystem ......................................................................................................... 141

4.30 Sycada ..................................................................................................................... 142

4.31 Transics (WABCO) ................................................................................................... 143

4.32 Traxens .................................................................................................................... 145

4.33 Trusted ..................................................................................................................... 147

4.34 TSS .......................................................................................................................... 148

4.35 Ubidata .................................................................................................................... 149

4.36 Yellowfish (Fleetmonitor) ......................................................................................... 150

4.37 Zenatek .................................................................................................................... 151

5 North American solution providers .................................................................................. 153

5.1 7PSolutions .............................................................................................................. 155

5.2 Amsted Rail .............................................................................................................. 157

5.3 AT&T ........................................................................................................................ 158

5.4 Ayantra ..................................................................................................................... 160

5.5 BlackBerry ............................................................................................................... 161

5.6 BSM Technologies .................................................................................................. 163

5.7 CalAmp .................................................................................................................... 164

5.8 Ctrack (Inseego) ...................................................................................................... 167

5.9 DeltaTrak .................................................................................................................. 169

5.10 Digi International ...................................................................................................... 170

5.11 Digital Communications Technologies .................................................................... 172

5.12 e2e Logistics Consulting ......................................................................................... 173

5.13 Emerson .................................................................................................................. 173



5.14 Fleet Complete ........................................................................................................ 176

5.15 Fleetilla ..................................................................................................................... 178

5.16 Geoforce .................................................................................................................. 180

5.17 Globalstar ................................................................................................................ 181

5.18 Hi-G-Tek ................................................................................................................... 183

5.19 Honeywell ................................................................................................................ 185

5.20 I.D. Systems ............................................................................................................. 187

5.21 Intelyt ....................................................................................................................... 189

5.22 Nortac Defence ........................................................................................................ 190

5.23 Omnitracs ................................................................................................................ 192

5.24 OnAsset Intelligence ................................................................................................ 194

5.25 ORBCOMM .............................................................................................................. 196

5.26 PalleTech ................................................................................................................. 201

5.27 Phillips Connect Technologies ................................................................................ 202

5.28 Purfresh ................................................................................................................... 203

5.29 Quake Global ........................................................................................................... 204

5.30 Roambee ................................................................................................................. 205

5.31 RSAE Labs ............................................................................................................... 206

5.32 Samsara ................................................................................................................... 208

5.33 Savi Technology ...................................................................................................... 209

5.34 Sendum Wireless ..................................................................................................... 211

5.35 Sensitech ................................................................................................................. 212

5.36 Sierra Wireless ......................................................................................................... 214

5.37 SkyBitz (Ametek) ..................................................................................................... 215

5.38 Spireon .................................................................................................................... 218

5.39 SpotSee ................................................................................................................... 221

5.40 Teletrac Navman ...................................................................................................... 222

5.41 TGI ........................................................................................................................... 223

5.42 Thermo King (Ingersoll Rand) ................................................................................. 224

5.43 Trimble ..................................................................................................................... 226

5.44 Wireless Links .......................................................................................................... 228

5.45 Zest Labs (Ecoark) .................................................................................................. 229



6 Rest of World solution providers ..................................................................................... 231

6.1 Arknav ...................................................................................................................... 232

6.2 CartaSense .............................................................................................................. 233

6.3 Contguard ................................................................................................................ 233

6.4 Eliron ........................................................................................................................ 234

6.5 Envotech .................................................................................................................. 234

6.6 Globaltrack .............................................................................................................. 237

6.7 Loginno Logistic Innovation .................................................................................... 238

6.8 Pointer Telocation (I.D. Systems) ............................................................................ 239

6.9 Queclink Wireless Solutions .................................................................................... 242

6.10 Satlock ..................................................................................................................... 243

6.11 Sony ......................................................................................................................... 244

6.12 Starcom Systems .................................................................................................... 245

6.13 Swinnus ................................................................................................................... 248

6.14 Tracertrak (Pivotel) .................................................................................................. 250

6.15 ZIM ........................................................................................................................... 250

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 253



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Index for GDP and international merchandise trade (World 1990–2017) ................ 4

Figure 1.2: Merchandise trade by region (World 2017) .............................................................. 5

Figure 1.3: External trade by mode of transport (EU-28 2016) .................................................. 6

Figure 1.4: Container port throughput (World 2000–2017) ........................................................ 9

Figure 1.5: Top 10 container ports (World 2017) ..................................................................... 10

Figure 1.6: Top 10 air cargo ports (World 2017) ...................................................................... 11

Figure 1.7: Container flows ....................................................................................................... 12

Figure 1.8: Intermodal container fleet size (World 2009–2017) ................................................ 13

Figure 1.9: Intermodal container fleet by type (World 2017) .................................................... 14

Figure 1.10: Container manufacturer market shares (World 2017) .......................................... 15

Figure 1.11: Container fleet ownership structure (World 2017) ................................................ 17

Figure 1.12: Top 10 container shipping companies (World February 2019) ........................... 18

Figure 1.13: Top container leasing companies (World 2018) .................................................. 19

Figure 1.14: Cargo trailer fleet by region (World 2019) ............................................................ 21

Figure 1.15: Transported tonne-kilometres by rail per region (World 2017) ............................ 22

Figure 1.16: Number of rail freight wagons per region (World 2019) ....................................... 23

Figure 1.17: Examples of ULD pallet and container form factors ............................................. 24

Figure 1.18: Annual air cargo growth rates by major market (World 2017) ............................. 25

Figure 1.19: Top 10 air cargo airlines (World 2017) ................................................................. 26

Figure 1.20: The transport chain ............................................................................................... 27

Figure 1.21: Top 5 container terminal operators (World 2017) ................................................ 29

Figure 2.1: Real-time trailer and cargo container tracking infrastructure overview .................. 33

Figure 2.2: Examples of trailer and cargo container tracking device form factors ................... 35

Figure 2.3: Data interfaces used by container tracking units ................................................... 36

Figure 2.4: Mobile operators by M2M subscriber base (World Q4-2018) ................................ 39

Figure 2.5: Example of trailer and cargo container tracking service segment ......................... 40

Figure 2.6: Examples of supply chain programs and initiatives (World 2019) ......................... 47

Figure 2.7: Stakeholder benefits through Cassandra data sharing and risk assessment ....... 52



Figure 3.1: Trailer and cargo container tracking device shipments (World 2018–2023) ......... 62

Figure 3.2: Trailer and cargo container market value (World 2018–2023) ............................... 65

Figure 3.3: Trailer tracking device shipments by region (World 2018–2023) ........................... 67

Figure 3.4: Major cargo loading unit tracking vendors (Q4-2018) ........................................... 69

Figure 3.5: Major trailer tracking vendors (Q4-2018) ................................................................ 70

Figure 3.6: Major intermodal container tracking vendors (Q4-2018) ....................................... 72

Figure 3.7: Data for selected trailer and cargo container tracking industry players ................ 80

Figure 3.8: M&As in the trailer and cargo container tracking space (2015–2017) ................... 83

Figure 3.9: M&As in the trailer and cargo container tracking space (2018–2019) ................... 84

Figure 3.10: FedEx SenseAware............................................................................................... 89

Figure 3.11: Examples of GSM/GPS tracking devices approved for air cargo ........................ 90

Figure 3.12: Examples of telecom players offering cargo container and trailer tracking ......... 94

Figure 4.1: European solution providers (A–H) ...................................................................... 103

Figure 4.2: European solution providers (H–Z) ...................................................................... 104

Figure 4.3: Bosch AMRA System ............................................................................................ 107

Figure 4.4: Parcelive tracker and online portal ....................................................................... 116

Figure 4.5: The HS 3000 Series tracking device .................................................................... 117

Figure 4.6: IMT’s connected tank container solution ............................................................. 121

Figure 4.7: Kizy Tracking’s K-2 tracking device ...................................................................... 124

Figure 4.8: Overview of Maersk Line’s Remote Container Management (RCM) .................... 129

Figure 4.9: Mecomo’s mecSOLAR solar-powered tracking device ........................................ 132

Figure 4.10: RM2 BLOCKPal connected pallet ....................................................................... 136

Figure 4.11: SAVVY Synergy portal and associated hardware devices ................................. 138

Figure 4.12: Schmitz Cargobull’s TrailerConnect telematics hardware ................................. 140

Figure 4.13: Trusted T7+ tracking device .............................................................................. 147

Figure 5.1: North American solution providers (A–P) ............................................................. 154

Figure 5.2: North American solution providers (P–Z) ............................................................. 155

Figure 5.3: 7PSolutions’ GL300W tracking device ................................................................. 156

Figure 5.4: BlackBerry Radar tracking devices ...................................................................... 162

Figure 5.5: FlashLink Real-Time Mini Loggers ....................................................................... 169

Figure 5.6: SmartSense by Digi .............................................................................................. 171

Figure 5.7: Fleetilla FL950 tracking device ............................................................................. 179



Figure 5.8: Globalstar’s SmartOne Solar tracking device ...................................................... 182

Figure 5.9: I.D. System’s LV-710 sensor ................................................................................. 188

Figure 5.10: Nortac Defence’s Shadow tracking device ........................................................ 191

Figure 5.11: SENTRY 500 tracking device .............................................................................. 195

Figure 5.12: GT 1200 Series trailer and container tracking device ........................................ 199

Figure 5.13: Overview of PalleTech’s solution ........................................................................ 201

Figure 5.14: Purfresh active atmosphere panels .................................................................... 204

Figure 5.15: Sendum’s PT300 package tracker ..................................................................... 212

Figure 5.16: Spireon FL Flex modular trailer tracking device ................................................. 220

Figure 5.17: SpotBot Cellular tracking device ........................................................................ 221

Figure 5.18: Thermo King Precedent connected trailer refrigeration unit .............................. 225

Figure 6.1: Rest of World solution providers .......................................................................... 231

Figure 6.2: Envotech’s RadioSecure SLM .............................................................................. 235

Figure 6.3: Pointer’s CelloTrack Nano and external BLE MultiSense device ......................... 240

Figure 6.4: Sony Mobiam tracker and online application ....................................................... 245

Figure 6.5: Examples of Starcom Systems’ tracking devices ................................................ 247

Figure 6.6: Swinnus’ ConTracer & iLock series of container tracking & security devices ..... 249

FLEET MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH AFRICA INDEX


Index


List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. iv


1 Fleet management solutions ............................................................................................... 2

1.1 Fleet management infrastructure ................................................................................ 2

1.1.1 Vehicle segment .................................................................................................... 3

1.1.2 GNSS segment ..................................................................................................... 7

1.1.3 Network segment .................................................................................................. 7

1.1.4 Backoffice segment ............................................................................................... 9















1.5.1 Driver working hours, logbooks and tachographs ............................................. 18

1.5.2 Electronic toll collection – e-toll and e-tags ........................................................ 19

1.5.3 SARS travel logbooks ......................................................................................... 21

1.5.4 Traffic fine management and demerit points – AARTO ....................................... 22

1.5.5 Road Transport Management System (RTMS) ................................................... 23



1.5.6 Distracted driving ................................................................................................ 24

1.5.7 Special transports ............................................................................................... 25

1.6 Business models ....................................................................................................... 25


2.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 27

2.1.1 The South African vehicle market ....................................................................... 27



2.1.4 Local market characteristics in South Africa ....................................................... 33












2.5 African fleet management market outlook ................................................................ 50

2.5.1 Leading South African telematics players active in the Rest of Africa ................ 51

2.5.2 Other African fleet management providers and distributors ............................... 53

2.5.3 International players active on the African fleet management market ................ 54

2.5.4 OEM fleet telematics offerings in Africa .............................................................. 57

2.5.5 The African vehicle market .................................................................................. 58

2.5.6 Analysis of the fleet management market in the Rest of Africa ........................... 60

2.5.7 The size of the African fleet management market ............................................... 62

3 Company profiles ............................................................................................................... 63

3.1 International aftermarket solution providers .............................................................. 63

3.1.1 Ctrack (Inseego) .................................................................................................. 63

3.1.2 Geotab ................................................................................................................. 68



3.1.3 Gurtam ................................................................................................................. 72

3.1.4 MiX Telematics .................................................................................................... 74

3.1.5 Pointer Telocation (PowerFleet) .......................................................................... 79

3.1.6 Webfleet Solutions (Bridgestone) ....................................................................... 81

3.2 Local aftermarket solution providers ......................................................................... 84

3.2.1 ACM Track ........................................................................................................... 85

3.2.2 Afritelematics ....................................................................................................... 86

3.2.3 Autotrak ............................................................................................................... 86

3.2.4 Bidtrack (Bidvest Group) ..................................................................................... 87

3.2.5 Cartrack ............................................................................................................... 90

3.2.6 Digital Matter ....................................................................................................... 93

3.2.7 Digit Vehicle Tracking (Digicell) .......................................................................... 96

3.2.8 Globaltrack .......................................................................................................... 98

3.2.9 Gosafe Tracking Solutions SA ............................................................................ 99

3.2.10 GPS Tracking Solutions (Eqstra Fleet Management) ....................................... 100

3.2.11 Key Telematics and Radius Payment Solutions ............................................... 101

3.2.12 Mtrack (Electronic Tracking Systems) .............................................................. 102

3.2.13 Netstar ............................................................................................................... 103

3.2.14 PFK Electronics ................................................................................................. 105

3.2.15 Pointer SA (PowerFleet) .................................................................................... 107

3.2.16 Real Telematics ................................................................................................. 108

3.2.17 SmartSurv Wireless ........................................................................................... 108

3.2.18 Tracker Connect ................................................................................................ 109

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 112



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Fleet management infrastructure overview .............................................................. 3

Figure 1.2: Examples of FM device form factors ........................................................................ 4

Figure 1.3: Data interfaces used by FM devices ........................................................................ 6

Figure 1.4: Examples of peripherals connected to FM devices ................................................. 6

Figure 1.5: Mobile operators and subscribers in South Africa (Q4-2018) .................................. 8



Figure 1.8: South African e-tag for electronic toll collection ..................................................... 20

Figure 1.9: SARS Travel Logbook ............................................................................................ 21

Figure 2.1: Commercial vehicles in use and new registrations (South Africa 2018) ................ 28

Figure 2.2: Commercial vehicle brands in South Africa by market share (December 2018) .... 29

Figure 2.3: FM shipments, active systems and penetration (South Africa 2018–2023) ........... 30

Figure 2.4: Top-10 fleet management providers by installed base (South Africa Q4-2018) .... 31


Figure 2.6: Mergers and acquisitions in the telematics space (South Africa 2014–2019) ....... 41

Figure 2.7: The presence of the top-5 South African FM players on the African continent ..... 52

Figure 2.8: Vehicles in use by country (A–S) and vehicle type (Africa 2015) ........................... 59

Figure 2.9: Vehicles in use by country (S–Z) and vehicle type (Africa 2015) ........................... 60

Figure 3.1: The Android-based Ctrack On-The-Road (OTR) driver terminal ............................ 65

Figure 3.2: Ctrack Iris video monitoring solution ...................................................................... 66

Figure 3.3: The new Geotab GO9 tracking device ................................................................... 69

Figure 3.4: MyGeotab fleet management software .................................................................. 70

Figure 3.5: The Wialon Hosting web interface .......................................................................... 72

Figure 3.6: MiX Telematics’ Android-based 7’’ MiX Rovi II ....................................................... 76

Figure 3.7: WEBFLEET, LINK 510 and PRO 8275 TRUCK ....................................................... 82

Figure 3.8: Overview of Bidtrack’s offering including core fleet unit & additional hardware ....... 88

Figure 3.9: Bidtrack’s customisable FleetView interface with various dashboards .................. 89

Figure 3.10: Overview of Cartrack’s subscriber base by application and region (FY-2019) .... 92



Figure 3.11: Digital Matter’s Telematics Guru GPS tracking software ..................................... 94

Figure 3.12: Digital Matter device locations (August 2019) ...................................................... 96

Figure 3.13: Digit Vehicle Tracking fleet management backoffice interface ............................ 97

Figure 3.14: Overview of Netstar’s subscribers by customer type (South Africa FY-2019) ... 105

FLEET MANAGEMENT IN AUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND INDEX


Index




1 Fleet management solutions ............................................................................................... 2

1.1 Fleet management infrastructure ................................................................................ 2

1.1.1 Vehicle segment .................................................................................................... 3

1.1.2 GNSS segment ..................................................................................................... 7

1.1.3 Network segment .................................................................................................. 7
















1.5.1 Fatigue, Chain of Responsibility (CoR) and Electronic Work Diary (EWD) ........ 17

1.5.2 Australian National Telematics Framework ......................................................... 20

1.5.3 Road User Charges (RUC) .................................................................................. 23

1.5.4 Health and safety regulations.............................................................................. 24




1.6 Business models ....................................................................................................... 26


2.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 28

2.1.1 Commercial vehicle fleets in Australia and New Zealand ................................... 28



2.1.4 Local market characteristics in Australia and New Zealand ............................... 33













3.1 International aftermarket solution providers .............................................................. 59

3.1.1 Ctrack .................................................................................................................. 62

3.1.2 Fleet Complete .................................................................................................... 66

3.1.3 Garmin and partners ........................................................................................... 70

3.1.4 Geotab ................................................................................................................. 73

3.1.5 MiX Telematics .................................................................................................... 77

3.1.6 Teletrac Navman ................................................................................................. 82

3.1.7 Verizon Connect .................................................................................................. 87

3.1.8 Webfleet Solutions (Bridgestone) ....................................................................... 93

3.2 Local aftermarket solution providers ......................................................................... 96

3.2.1 Bigmate ............................................................................................................... 97

3.2.2 BlackBox Control ................................................................................................. 99

3.2.3 Blackhawk ......................................................................................................... 101



3.2.4 Coretex .............................................................................................................. 103

3.2.5 Digital Matter ..................................................................................................... 105

3.2.6 Directed Electronics Australia ........................................................................... 108

3.2.7 EROAD .............................................................................................................. 110

3.2.8 FleetSeek (RTL Australia) .................................................................................. 113

3.2.9 Future Fleet ....................................................................................................... 114

3.2.10 GPSengine ........................................................................................................ 115

3.2.11 GPSi Group (GPS Innovations) ......................................................................... 118

3.2.12 IntelliTrac ........................................................................................................... 119

3.2.13 Kynection ........................................................................................................... 122

3.2.14 MTData (Telstra) ................................................................................................ 123

3.2.15 Netcorp GPS ..................................................................................................... 126

3.2.16 Netstar Australia ................................................................................................ 127

3.2.17 Procon Telematics ............................................................................................. 129

3.2.18 Simply Unified ................................................................................................... 131

3.2.19 Smartrak (Constellation Software) .................................................................... 133

3.2.20 TrackIt ................................................................................................................ 136

3.2.21 TurboTrack ........................................................................................................ 137

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 138



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Fleet management infrastructure overview .............................................................. 3

Figure 1.2: Examples of FM device form factors ........................................................................ 4

Figure 1.3: Data interfaces used by FM devices ........................................................................ 6

Figure 1.4: Examples of peripherals connected to FM devices ................................................. 6

Figure 1.5: Example of FM backoffice segment ......................................................................... 9


Figure 1.7: Paper-based Australian National Driver Work Diary ............................................... 19

Figure 1.8: Currently available applications enabled by National Telematics Framework ...... 21

Figure 1.9: TCA Certified logo with tick disks indicating applications offered ......................... 22

Figure 1.10: NZ Transport Agency approved hubodometer & electronic distance recorder ..... 24

Figure 2.1: Commercial vehicles in use (Australia & New Zealand 2018) ................................ 28

Figure 2.2: New registrations of commercial vehicles (Australia & New Zealand 2018) .......... 29

Figure 2.3: Market shares by truck brand (Australia 2018) ...................................................... 30

Figure 2.4: Active systems, shipments & penetration (Australia & New Zealand 2018–2023) ..... 31

Figure 2.5: Top-15 FM providers, by installed base (Australia & New Zealand Q4-2018) ....... 32

Figure 2.6: Overview of the National Heavy Vehicle Charging Pilot in Australia ...................... 38


Figure 2.8: Mergers and acquisitions in the fleet telematics sector (2015–2019) .................... 43

Figure 2.9: UD Trucks Fleet Max Plus web portal .................................................................... 47

Figure 2.10: Overview of Toyota’s ForceField Telematics range ............................................. 48

Figure 2.11: Mercedes-Benz Telematics apps for fleet managers and drivers ........................ 50

Figure 3.1: The Android-based Ctrack On-The-Road (OTR) driver terminal ............................ 64

Figure 3.2: Ctrack Iris video monitoring solution ...................................................................... 65

Figure 3.3: Fleet Complete Vision integrated with fleet tracking .............................................. 69

Figure 3.4: Garmin’s Fleet 790 fleet telematics tablet with integrated dash cam ..................... 71

Figure 3.5: The new Geotab GO9 tracking device ................................................................... 74

Figure 3.6: MyGeotab fleet management software .................................................................. 75

Figure 3.7: MiX Telematics’ Android-based 7’’ MiX Rovi II and RIBAS devices ....................... 79

Figure 3.8: Teletrac Navman DIRECTOR and DRIVE app suite ............................................... 84



Figure 3.9: Teletrac Navman DIRECTOR Driver Safety Analytics solution ............................... 85

Figure 3.10: Verizon Connect Fleet software interface ............................................................. 88

Figure 3.11: Verizon Connect Reveal software interfaces ........................................................ 90

Figure 3.12: Verizon Connect’s Workforce software ................................................................ 91

Figure 3.13: WEBFLEET, LINK 530 and PRO 8275 TRUCK ..................................................... 95

Figure 3.14: Overview of Bigmate’s offering powered by KORE’s Position Logic platform ..... 98

Figure 3.15: GPS tracking devices and InControl web interface from BlackBox Control ...... 100

Figure 3.16: Blackhawk SaaS Platform................................................................................... 101

Figure 3.17: Fleet Agent service options ................................................................................ 102

Figure 3.18: Coretex Drive tablet interface ............................................................................. 104

Figure 3.19: Digital Matter’s Telematics Guru GPS tracking software ................................... 106

Figure 3.20: Digital Matter device locations (August 2019) .................................................... 107

Figure 3.21: EROAD’s Ehubo1 and Ehubo2 devices ............................................................. 111

Figure 3.22: Overview of EROAD’s ecosystem ...................................................................... 112

Figure 3.23: FleetSeek’s backoffice interface ......................................................................... 114

Figure 3.24: Overview of TRACKbox Webservice ................................................................... 116

Figure 3.25: Sensium’s ArmadaGPS vehicle tracking interface by GPSengine ..................... 117

Figure 3.26: FleetConnect software and RoadScout hardware from GPS Innovations ......... 118

Figure 3.27: IntelliTrac GPS tracking system software interface ............................................ 120

Figure 3.28: MTData’s Android-based Talon in-vehicle driver solution .................................. 124

Figure 3.29: Simply Unified map view .................................................................................... 132

Figure 3.30: Smartrak’s EyeQ Pool Vehicle Availability Report .............................................. 135

Figure 3.31: TrackIt’s tracking interface .................................................................................. 136

THE GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT OEM TELEMATICS MARKET INDEX


Index




1 Construction equipment telematics solutions ..................................................................... 2

1.1 Introduction to CE telematics ...................................................................................... 2

1.2 CE telematics infrastructure ........................................................................................ 3

1.2.1 CE segment ........................................................................................................... 4

1.2.2 GNSS segment ..................................................................................................... 6

1.2.3 Network segment .................................................................................................. 6


1.2.5 OEM/dealer segment .......................................................................................... 10

1.3 Construction equipment management ...................................................................... 10

1.3.1 Machine location tracking and status monitoring ............................................... 11

1.3.2 Security tracking and intervention ....................................................................... 12

1.3.3 Remote diagnostics, preventive maintenance and machine health prognostics12

1.4 Equipment operator management ............................................................................ 13

1.4.1 Collection of operator-related data ..................................................................... 14

1.4.2 Interaction with operators in the field .................................................................. 14

1.4.3 Video-based operator monitoring ....................................................................... 15

1.5 Worksite management............................................................................................... 15

1.5.1 Worksite optimisation and site reporting ............................................................ 16

1.5.2 Integration with auxiliary systems ....................................................................... 16

1.6 Business models ....................................................................................................... 17


2.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 20

2.1.1 The global construction equipment market ........................................................ 21

2.1.2 The installed base of construction equipment OEM telematics systems ........... 23

2.1.3 Construction equipment OEM telematics vendor market shares ....................... 24



2.1.4 Variations on the global CE telematics market ................................................... 25







2.3.1 Construction equipment industry players ........................................................... 32






3.1 Caterpillar .................................................................................................................. 60

3.2 CNH Industrial ........................................................................................................... 67

3.3 Deere & Company ..................................................................................................... 71

3.4 Doosan ...................................................................................................................... 78

3.5 Hitachi Construction Machinery ................................................................................ 84

3.6 Hyundai Construction Equipment ............................................................................. 92

3.7 JCB ............................................................................................................................ 97

3.8 Komatsu ................................................................................................................... 103

3.9 Liebherr .................................................................................................................... 110

3.10 Volvo CE .................................................................................................................. 113

3.11 Other construction equipment OEMs ...................................................................... 120

3.11.1 Bell Equipment .................................................................................................. 120

3.11.2 BOMAG ............................................................................................................. 122

3.11.3 JLG Industries ................................................................................................... 124

3.11.4 Kobelco ............................................................................................................. 125

3.11.5 Kubota ............................................................................................................... 127

3.11.6 Link-Belt and LBX (Sumitomo) .......................................................................... 128

3.11.7 LiuGong ............................................................................................................. 131

3.11.8 Mahindra & Mahindra ........................................................................................ 132



3.11.9 Manitowoc ......................................................................................................... 132

3.11.10 Mecalac ............................................................................................................. 134

3.11.11 SANY ................................................................................................................. 134

3.11.12 Tadano .............................................................................................................. 135

3.11.13 Takeuchi ............................................................................................................ 136

3.11.14 Terex .................................................................................................................. 137

3.11.15 Wacker Neuson ................................................................................................. 141

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 142



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: Construction equipment telematics infrastructure overview .................................... 3

Figure 1.2: Examples of construction equipment telematics hardware ..................................... 5

Figure 1.3: Top mobile network operators by subscriber base (World Q1-2017) ...................... 7

Figure 1.4: Schematic construction equipment telematics backoffice segment ........................ 9

Figure 2.1: Sales of construction equipment (World 2010–2017) ............................................ 20

Figure 2.2: Construction equipment sales by region (World 2017) ......................................... 21

Figure 2.3: Examples of construction equipment types ........................................................... 22

Figure 2.4: Leading construction equipment manufacturers by market share (2016–2017) ... 23

Figure 2.5: Construction equipment OEM telematics systems by region (World 2017–2022) .... 24

Figure 2.6: Top-10 construction equipment OEMs by telematics units (World Q4-2017) ....... 25

Figure 2.7: Construction spending by market (World 2017) .................................................... 28

Figure 2.8: Mixed fleet telematics example enabled by ISO 15143-3 (AEMP 2.0) standard .... 34

Figure 2.9: Construction equipment OEM systems and associated telematics partners ........ 37

Figure 2.10: Leica MCH100 Machine Monitoring device used for iCON telematics ................ 40

Figure 2.11: Overview of the EquipmentShare Track mixed-fleet solution .............................. 44

Figure 2.12: Mobile operators by M2M subscriber base (World Q2-2017) .............................. 48

Figure 2.13: ORBCOMM’s rugged PT 7000 device for construction equipment telematics .... 50

Figure 2.14: ORBCOMM’s FleetEdge web application for heavy equipment management .... 52

Figure 2.15: Overview of AT&T Asset Management – Operations Center ................................ 53

Figure 2.16: Hardware used for AT&T Asset Management for equipment and machinery ..... 55

Figure 3.1: Cat Product Link remote monitoring hardware device ........................................... 62

Figure 3.2: VisionLink Unified Fleet interface ........................................................................... 63

Figure 3.3: CASE SiteWatch web-based backoffice interface .................................................. 68

Figure 3.4: Overview of John Deere WorkSight Technologies including JDLink ..................... 72

Figure 3.5: JDLink Dashboard web-based telematics user interface ....................................... 73

Figure 3.6: Overview of John Deere’s dual approach to machine health monitoring .............. 76

Figure 3.7: Schematic overview and functionality of DoosanCONNECT ................................. 80

Figure 3.8: Schematic overview of Hitachi Construction Machinery’s Global e-Service .......... 85

Figure 3.9: Hitachi Construction Machinery’s new ConSite Pocket app .................................. 87



Figure 3.10: Number of machines with ConSite contracts (2014–2018) .................................. 90

Figure 3.11: Hitachi Construction Machinery’s Solution Linkage ICT/IoT-based solutions ..... 91

Figure 3.12: Hyundai Construction Equipment’s Hi-MATE user interface ............................... 94

Figure 3.13: Hi-MATE Android app ........................................................................................... 95

Figure 3.14: JCB LiveLink machine capability matrix ............................................................... 99

Figure 3.15: Schematic overview of JCB LiveLink options for various equipment ................ 100

Figure 3.16: Models and features of Komatsu’s remote monitoring system KOMTRAX........ 104

Figure 3.17: KOMTRAX fleet management interface .............................................................. 105

Figure 3.18: Schematic overview of Komatsu’s KOMTRAX machine tracking system .......... 106

Figure 3.19: Installed base of Komatsu’s KOMTRAX (2011–2018) ........................................ 109

Figure 3.20: Schematic overview of Liebherr’s LiDAT fleet & plant management system ..... 111

Figure 3.21: LiDAT packages and features ............................................................................ 112

Figure 3.22: Example of Volvo CE’s Fuel Report.................................................................... 115

Figure 3.23: Bell Equipment’s Fleetm@tic fleet management interface ................................ 121

Figure 3.24: BOMAG TELEMATIC web interface and iOS app interface ............................... 123

Figure 3.25: JLG’s ClearSky fleet management platform interfaces ...................................... 125

Figure 3.26: Schematic overview of Kobelco’s KOMEXS remote monitoring system ........... 126

Figure 3.27: Link-Belt Telematics portal – A1A Software’s iCraneTrax .................................. 129

Figure 3.28: LBX Company’s RemoteCARE telematics app .................................................. 130

Figure 3.29: Manitowoc’s CraneSTAR powered by A1A Software’s iCraneTrax .................... 133

Figure 3.30: Schematic overview of Tadano’s Hello-Net ........................................................ 135

Figure 3.31: Customised web portal for Terex powered by ORBCOMM ............................... 138

Figure 3.32: Terex Fuchs Telematics system powered by Proemion .................................... 139

Figure 3.33: Genie’s telematics-ready connector and telematics device connector ............. 140

THE AIRPORT ASSET TRACKING MARKET INDEX


Index


List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. iii


1 Airport asset tracking ........................................................................................................... 2

1.1 Introduction to the aviation industry ............................................................................ 2

1.1.1 Air transport statistics and relevant concepts ....................................................... 3

1.1.2 Major airports ........................................................................................................ 5

1.1.3 Airlines and alliances ............................................................................................. 7

1.1.4 Airport ground handling services .......................................................................... 9

1.2 Airport assets and associated tracking solutions ...................................................... 10

1.2.1 Categories and providers of airport assets ......................................................... 10

1.2.2 Tracking and management solutions for airport assets ..................................... 13

2 Forecasts and conclusions ................................................................................................ 16

2.1 Market analysis .......................................................................................................... 16

2.1.1 Major airport asset tracking solution providers ................................................... 16

2.1.2 The installed base of airport asset tracking solutions ......................................... 18

2.2 Market trends and drivers .......................................................................................... 18

2.2.1 Aviation is a slow-moving sector with great potential for efficiency gains .......... 19

2.2.2 Mandates, standards and policies driving adoption and awareness ................. 20

2.2.3 Sizing the addressable market for airport asset tracking ................................... 21

2.2.4 Emerging network technologies expand the range of applicable asset types ... 22

2.2.5 Partnership strategies becoming increasingly common among various players 24

2.2.6 Telematics players diversify into airport asset tracking ...................................... 26

2.2.7 Airports are miniature smart cities where autonomous equipment will prosper 28

3 Company profiles and strategies ....................................................................................... 31

3.1 ADVEEZ ..................................................................................................................... 31

3.2 Astrata Group ............................................................................................................ 38

3.3 Ctrack (Inseego) ........................................................................................................ 41



3.4 DigiMobi ..................................................................................................................... 45

3.5 EC2E .......................................................................................................................... 48

3.6 Geotab ....................................................................................................................... 50

3.7 I.D. Systems ............................................................................................................... 52

3.8 INFORM ..................................................................................................................... 56

3.9 Katlyn International .................................................................................................... 61

3.10 Litum IoT .................................................................................................................... 62

3.11 Pinnacle (iMATS) ....................................................................................................... 64

3.12 Quantum Aviation Solutions ...................................................................................... 67

3.13 Resonate MP4 (XOPS) .............................................................................................. 74

3.14 Sensolus .................................................................................................................... 79

3.15 Smarter Asset Management (SAM) ........................................................................... 81

3.16 Speedshield Technologies (Adaptalift Group) .......................................................... 83

3.17 Targa Telematics ....................................................................................................... 89

3.18 Tri-Logical Technologies ........................................................................................... 92

3.19 Trimble ....................................................................................................................... 96

3.20 Undagrid (GSEtrack) ................................................................................................. 98

3.21 Verizon Connect ...................................................................................................... 103

Glossary .................................................................................................................................. 107



Index

List of Figures Figure 1.1: System-wide revenues of global commercial airlines (2006–2018) ......................... 2

Figure 1.2: Air transport traffic overview – traffic and capacity trends (World 2016) .................. 4

Figure 1.3: Top-15 airports by the number of passengers handled (2017) ............................... 5

Figure 1.4: Top-25 airlines by scheduled revenue passenger-kilometres (2016) ...................... 6

Figure 1.5: Major airline alliances ............................................................................................... 7

Figure 1.6: Top-10 airlines by total fleet (Q4-2016) .................................................................... 8

Figure 1.7: Examples of specialised assets used on airports .................................................. 11

Figure 1.8: Airport asset tracking infrastructure overview ........................................................ 14

Figure 2.1: Top-10 airport asset tracking solution providers by installed base (Q4-2018) ...... 17

Figure 2.2: Airport asset tracking installed base and unit shipments (World 2018–2023) ....... 18

Figure 2.3: Lufthansa Technik’s GSE 4.0 location tracking powered by Undagrid ................. 24

Figure 2.4: TLD LINK IoT Platform initiative .............................................................................. 25

Figure 2.5: TaxiBot semi-robotic pilot-controlled towing tractor .............................................. 28

Figure 2.6: TractEasy autonomous electric baggage tractor ................................................... 29

Figure 3.1: ADVEEZ Fleet and Asset Management for Airports (FAMA) system overview ...... 32

Figure 3.2: Localeez web platform and dashboard for ADVEEZ’s FAMA solution .................. 33

Figure 3.3: Turtle Mode speed control system (SCS) by ADVEEZ .......................................... 34

Figure 3.4: Overview of possibilities for non-motorised assets enabled by FAMA V4 ............. 35

Figure 3.5: Overview of Astrata Airline and Airport Solutions ................................................... 39

Figure 3.6: Astrata mobile passenger management solution ................................................... 40

Figure 3.7: Inseego’s Ctrack airport solution functionality ....................................................... 42

Figure 3.8: Overview of Ctrack airport solution for KLM Equipment Services at AMS ............. 44

Figure 3.9: DigiMobi’s system deployed at Hong Kong International Airport .......................... 46

Figure 3.10: GPS Finder hardware from DigiMobi used by Airport Authority Hong Kong ....... 47

Figure 3.11: Overview of EC2E’s SPEED CONTROL solution based on colour codes ........... 48

Figure 3.12: Geotab’s GO RUGGED telematics device ........................................................... 51

Figure 3.13: I.D. Systems’ web-based software interface Vision Pro used for AvRamp ........... 53

Figure 3.14: I.D. Systems’ Vehicle Asset Communicator (VAC4S) used for AvRamp ................ 54



Figure 3.15: INFORM’s GroundStar systems for ground handling processes ......................... 57

Figure 3.16: INFORM’s AirportMap interface ............................................................................ 58

Figure 3.17: Overview of INFORM’s GroundFleet for GSE tracking ......................................... 59

Figure 3.18: Overview of the Litum IoT hardware range for Airport RTLS ................................ 63

Figure 3.19: Honeywell and Pinnacle iMATS 360 next-generation dashboard ........................ 66

Figure 3.20: Legacy Proveo Infoman telematics device ........................................................... 68

Figure 3.21: Falcom FOX3 device used by Quantum Aviation Solutions for GSE tracking ....... 70

Figure 3.22: Quantum Aviation Solutions’ configurable reporting dashboard ......................... 71

Figure 3.23: Quantum Aviation Solutions’ GSE tracking equipment map interface ................ 72

Figure 3.24: Resonate MP4’s XOPS interface .......................................................................... 75

Figure 3.25: TAG hardware device used for XOPS .................................................................. 76

Figure 3.26: Sensolus’ STICKNTRACK cloud application for asset tracking ........................... 79

Figure 3.27: TCR’s non-motorised GSE telematics solution powered by Sensolus ................ 80

Figure 3.28: Smarter Asset Management map interface for airport asset tracking .................. 82

Figure 3.29: Speedshield Technologies’ FMAS & Adaptalift GSE’s Fleet Online AirSide ........ 85

Figure 3.30: Schematic overview of fleet management system from Avro GSE ...................... 86

Figure 3.31: Avro Care – Managed Maintenance Program leveraging Avro Tracker ............... 87

Figure 3.32: Backoffice interface powered by Targa Telematics ............................................. 90

Figure 3.33: Tri-Logical Technologies’ Airport Mobile Assets Solution (AMAS) ...................... 93

Figure 3.34: Tri-Logical Technologies’ GSE10 Advanced Telemetry Controller for AMAS ....... 94

Figure 3.35: Tri-Logical’s new BodyGuard Aircraft Damage Prevention System ..................... 95

Figure 3.36: Schematic overview of Trimble PULSE for Airfield Asset Management ............... 98

Figure 3.37: Screenshot of Undagrid’s application interface ................................................... 99

Figure 3.38: Undagrid’s GSEtracker ruggedised tracking unit .............................................. 100

Figure 3.39: Schematic overview of Undagrid’s GSEtrack solution ....................................... 101


Figure 3.41: Overview of Verizon Connect MRM for the airline service industry .................... 106

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