Flange Fitters Hand Book

FLANGE FITTERS’

HANDBOOK

2

OBJECTIVE• To make leak-free flange connections

SCOPE• The process of making flange connections.• Type of connections - pipe to pipe, pipe to

equipment, instrument to pipe, and vessel trim flange connections including blind flange connections

• The items involved - gaskets, studs, stud bolts, nuts.

• Preparatory actions - cleaning, lubrication, alignment, tightening.

3

HEALTH AND SAFETY – Minimize the risks of following activities which are typical for making flanged connections.• Working at height• Working under scaffolding• Working on scaffolding• Working with lifting tools• Rigging pipe; supporting pipe, components and equipment• Large/heavy tool handling• Use of long handled or extended tools• Working with cleaning agents and lubricants• Foreign/falling objects, fragments, debris, and splinters• Working in high temperatures, dry environment, wind and

dust• Working near energized electrical units.• Working near hazardous substances (Hydrocarbons,

chemicals) and near construction activities or commissioning activities

• Working under time pressure

4

REQUIRED PPE (MINIMUM)• Safety shoes• Cover all with long sleeve shirt• Safety glasses/goggles• Safety hard hat• Working gloves• Hearing protection, when applicableSAFETY GOAL• Return home safe and sound. Supervisory staff have a special

responsibility to ensure the site is a safe place to work and to ensure that everyone is working in a safe manner.

TIGHTNESS GOAL – To achieve leak-free joints, supervisor must ensure

• Fitters are qualified• Adequate tools and materials are arranged• Calibrated torque wrenches are provided• Whether the flange requires hydraulic tensioning as per table• Fitter completes the flange protocol

5

GENERAL CHECK POINTS BEFORE MAKING FLANGE CONNECTIONS

• Line size correct• Material correct• Flange rating correct• Stress relieving complete• Welding complete• Installation straight and plumb• Line slopes as per drawing• NDT complete• Flange facings protected against mechanical damage and

corrosion

6

FLANGES• Flange type, material, rating correct against ISOs and

MTOs.• Flange mating surfaces must be cleaned where required

before installation of gasket. Remove previous gasket residue and substances such as dirt, oil, and grease. Also remove preservative coatings.

• Use a wire brush for cleaning. The brush must be compatible with the flange material, so do not use carbon steel brush on SS flanges. Brush gently in the direction of the serrated rings of the gasket contact area. Make sure the serrated rings profile is maintained.

7

FLANGES• Inspect flange gasket seating areas on scratches, dents,

scoring, and other damage. Minor damage may be acceptable – consult Field Engineering when in doubt.

• General guideline: Damage (scratch, pit, or pitted area) shall not be deeper than serration depth, and under 30% of the gasket contact area width, measured in radial direction. If the damages are outside above acceptance criteria, the flange has to be replaced or re-machined.

• The nut seating surface must be flat and must provide a low friction, full contact area.

8

GASKETS, BOLTS AND NUTS• Gaskets have been selected to make a leak-free flange

connection throughout the range of expected operating pressures and temperatures.

• Correct type, material – check color code of gaskets• Correct gasket thickness and pressure rating• Check stud bolt: materials, length, diameter, against ISOs

and MTOs.• Check threads of bolts are undamaged.• Threads of stud bolts and nuts must be cleaned with a

suitable solvent.• Threads of stud bolts and nuts must be coated with an

approved lubricant before installation.

LUBRICANTS• As lubricant only use Molykote 1000• Lubricate “working” surfaces – liberally coat all internal

and external thread surfaces and nut/washer faces

9

ATTENTION POINTS – DURING FLANGE INSTALLATION

Follow the tightening sequence as below.• Install 50% of the stud bolts and nuts, finger-tight and

gently tighten the rest of the stud bolts• Hand-tighten all nuts.• Bolts shall be tightened in a controlled sequence as

follows. 1st pass: 30% of Specified Torque Value 2nd pass: 60% of Specified Torque Value 3rd pass: 100% of Specified Torque Value Final pass: Check at 100% of Specified Torque Value

• Follow the tightening sequence as per table with bolts numbered clockwise around the flange.

10


• Flange face alignment must be within 1.5 mm per 305 mm pipe diameter. On pipe to pipe flanges, loosen adjacent pipe supports and adjust to achieve proper alignment.

• Note: bolting hardware shall be installed and nuts tightened sufficiently to remove slack prior to measuring alignment.

11


• Never adjust the equipment to achieve flange alignment.• Alignment of flange studs, bolts or holes must be within

1.5 mm as measured along the bolt circle. Generally, if the bolt/stud slips in the flange holes easily, the alignment is satisfactory.

• Measure gaps between the flanges around the circumference to verify parallelism. Measure at four equally spaced locations for flanges up to 8 bolts; at every other stud bolt for flanges with more than 8 bolts and at 16 equally spaced locations for flanges with more than 32 stud bolts.

12


• When performing pipe to equipment fit-up, only the pipe shall be adjusted. Never adjust the equipment.

• Stud bolts length must protrude two (2) to three (3) threads beyond the nut.

• Stud bolts with diameter over 1-1/8” must have one and a half (1.5) full stud diameter beyond the nut to allow tensioning (install stud bolt with the stud marking always visible). In case of equipment flanges the stud bolt must protrude 1.5 times full stud diameter at the end pointing away form the equipment.

13


• Never use tape to fix gasket except to centre large or vertically oriented gaskets, where an engineering approved adhesive (e.g. Super 77 by 3M) may be used

• Never re-use a gasket. Quarantine used gaskets immediately away from unused gaskets

• Check for presence of double and missing gaskets.• Never cut or deform gasket to fit a flange.• Only use stud bolts and nuts that are clearly marked with

material grade.• Use temporary gasket only for temporary joints – that is

joints for flushing and hydro testing. Temporary gaskets must be painted BLUE on the entire outer rim to ensure detection at MC punch.

14

ATTENTION POINTS – AFTER FLANGE INSTALLATION

• Stud bolts must protrude 2 threads each nut• After hydraulic tensioning completion, protruding 1.5 D

thread ends greased and covered by plastic caps.• Make sure all stud bolts are in and tight and specified

torque values have been achieved.• Clear identification by means of Tag to indicate that

torquing or tensioning has been completed.• Flange Protocol is signed by Fitter, Supervisor and

Inspector.

15

GENERAL ATTENTION POINTS

• Branches located correctly• Branches reinforced• Weep holes in reinforcing pads and trunnion supports• High point vents installed• Low point drains installed• Reducers located correctly• Reducer type correct• Blinds installed• Cold spring or pre-spring installed as per drawing• Clearance for thermal expansion/contraction OK• Spools, fittings and piping items kept internally clean and

closed – openings capped unless they are worked on.• Flange facings protected against mechanical damage and

corrosion.

16

VALVES

• Flow direction correct [uni-flow valves, special attention for equipment (pump, SRVs) isolation]

• Item code correct• Stud bolts and nuts correct• Chain wheel installed• Extension installed• Stem orientated properly• Drain and flush connections installed• Check for rising stem obstructions. Are protectors

required?• Check specifications for by-pass around valves (pump

check valves, stem lines, etc.).• Control valves and plug cocks lubricated• During flushing all valves to be replaced by Temporary

Spools• During testing Special valves to be replaced by Temporary

Spools

17

PIPE SUPPORTS

• Field supports installed.• Sufficient supports, adequately spaced• Correct supports (stops/guides for restricted axial, lateral

and up-lift movements).• Anchors installed.• Proper shoes installed and welded.• Trunnion supports provided with telltale or weep hole.• Spring hangers/supports properly installed.

18

PIPE SUPPORTS

• Check insulated lines for shoes, right height? Welded properly? Ensure proper positioning in relation to support base to allow for expansion.

• Alloy lines must be checked carefully. Any additionally welded supports may require stress relieving. Clamp types may be used.

• Large diameter lines must be checked carefully. Gas lines and supports not designed for hydrotest may require temporary supports, or special permission for pneumatic test.

• Ensure small diameter take-offs like vents, drains are properly fixed/supported.

• Check lines at pumps and other (rotating) equipment carefully for undue stresses on equipment flanges

19

SCREWED CONNECTIONS AND SEAL WELDING

• Screwed connections are only allowed in certain utility services (e.g., cooling/service water, tool/instrument air).

• Seal welding is not permitted.• Use of tape not permitted.• Threading compound may be used when approved by

procedure.• Check for presence (strictly prohibited for

process/hydrocarbon services) of screwed connections at package units and valves, etc.

INSULATING GASKET KITS

• Parts of insulating kits must never be mixed.• Ensure no conducting paths for the two mating flanges• Never use pneumatic impact wrenches

20

INSULATION AND TRACING

• Insulation support clips installed.• Clearances adequate for insulation• Insulation well sealed, no ingress of water, electrical

conductivity of insulation expansion joints secured?• Insulation thickness correct?• Electric tracing installed.• Correct numbers of tracing.

21

INSULATION AND TRACING

• Tracer correct size.• Tracer length correct.• Steam/condensate stations well arranged tracer loop

identification clear on station valves? • Trap (steam) detail correct.• Leak nipples in reinforcing pads/protrude insulation.• Earthing studs on equipment / structure accessible.• Insulation details at pipe penetrations – grating, sheeting

22

INSTRUMENTS

• PSVs to be certified (pop and leak test max 3 month prior to actual use) and sealed (correct item number/set pressure).

• Bellow type PSVs provided with screwed-in bug screen in body vent hole.

• Correct CVs installed after flushing (pipe spool during hydro testing & flushing)

• Meter runs properly installed (jacking screws included).• Valves at meter runs installed.• Pressure gauge valves installed.• Temperature connections properly oriented.• Sample connections installed.• Weep hole in outlet pipe (nipple protrude through

insulation).

23

ALLOY LINES• Stress relieving completed.• Check color coding.• Valves and gaskets must be checked in detail for

compliance to specs.

HYDROTESTING CRA AND SS LINES• Ensure testing water is clean and contains max. 2 ppm Cl.• Arrange for draining and drying ASAP after test

completion.

24

B7

2H

BOLT AND NUT MARKING

SPIRAL WOUND GASKET

25

COMB PROFILE GASKET

METALLIC RING TYPE GASKET

26

Following table is given as a sample reference for flange marking.

Standard-Material-Size-Class-schedule-Heat no-(groove type)-Mesc No

Standard Material Size Class Schedule or wall thickness

Groove type (For RTJ flanges)

MESC No

ASME B16.5

MSSSP 44 API 6A

A105 etc..,

½”; 1” etc..,

150; 300; etc..,

Sch 40; sch XXX; etc..,

R24;34 etc..,; BX151;BX153 etc..,

117 766286.788

FLANGE MARKING

27

Carbon steel Flanges ASTM A694-F65ASTM A105MSS-SP-44 Gr. F65MSS-SP-44 Gr. F60

Low Temperature Carbon Steel FlangesASTM A350-LF2.

Stainless Steel FlangesASTM A182-F316ASTM A182 F44

Carbon steel Flanges with CRA claddingMSS-SP-44 Gr. F65 + CLAD UNS N06625 (Alloy 625 cladding)

Low Temperature Carbon Steel Flanges with CRA claddingASTM A350-LF2 + CLAD UNS N08825 (Alloy 825 cladding)A350-LF2 + CLAD UNS N06625 (Alloy 625 cladding)

Corrosion Ressistant Alloy (CRA) flangesAlloy 825 - ASTM B564 UNS N06625 (Alloy 625 solid)Alloy 625 - ASTM B564 UNS N08825 (Alloy 825 solid)

FLANGE MATERIAL STANDARD AND GRADES AT HARWEEL

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Stud bolts & Nuts Colour

ASTM A193 Grade B7 White

ASTM A193 Grade B7M Lemon

ASTM A193 Grade B8 None

ASTM A 320 Gr.L 7 None

ASTM A 320 Gr.L 7M Currant Red

ASTM A 453 Gr.660 Class D UNS S66286

Green

ASTM A 637 UNS N07718 (BS381C-363)

Yellow

MATERIAL COLOR CODING

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Gaskets Colour

Spiral wound gaskets shall be colour coded as follows

Winding

Filler/inner

Winding: SS-316 / Filler: Graphite/Outer Ring: CS/Inner Ring: SS-316 (or) 316L

Green Grey

Winding: SS-6Mo / Filler: Graphite/ Outer Ring: CS/Inner Ring: SS-6Mo

Rail Red Grey

Winding: Incoloy 825 / Filler: Graphite/ Outer Ring: CS/Inner Ring: Incoloy 825

White Grey

Winding: Inconel 625 / Filler: Graphite/ Outer Ring: CS/

Inner Ring: Inconel 625

Gold Grey

30

STUD BOLTS AND NUTS

Colour coding - Each stud bolt and nut must be marked with paint on each end, to the colour indicated in above Table. The grade stamp marks shall be provided on the heads of the stud bolt, one end of stud bolts and one side of each nut.

31

COLOUR CODING

Spiral wound gasket with SS 316 winding(winding: green, filler: grey)

32

Piping class Stud bolt color code Gasket color code

Winding material Filler material

11025X Lemon

11410X White

11430X White

11440X Lemon

11441X Lemon

11460X Lemon

11470X Yellow

11501X

13410X White

13460X

13620X

16620X WHITE

18410X White

31025X Lemon

31031X White

Stud bolt & gasket color code by piping class (reference of piping classes from HWL-0-0003-401-Rev-C)

33




31160X White

31441X Lemon

31441Y Lemon

31460X Lemon

31470X None

31501X

33460X

33620X

36620X White

61440X Lemon

61441X Lemon

61460X Lemon

61480X

61501X

63620X

34




66520X

66620X White

66620Y White

91025X Lemon

91176X

91440X Lemon

91441X Lemon

91480X

91501X

91501Y

93460X

93620X

96520X

96620X White

96620Y White

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151025X Lemon

151521X Lemon White

251485X Lemon

251521X White White

501605X - Hub connector Hub connector

506520X Yellow RTJ gasket (R) RTJ gasket (R)

506620X Yellow RTJ gasket (r) RTJ gasket (R)

1001485X Yellow RTJ gasket (BX) RTJ gasket (BX)

1001605X - Hub connector Hub connector

1006520X Yellow RTJ gasket (BX) RTJ gasket (BX)

13021X

33021X

63460X

66520S

66620S White

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63620S

93620S

96520S

96620S White

153460X

153620X

156520X Yellow

256520X Yellow

1006520Y Yellow RTJ gasket (BX) RTJ gasket (BX)

61440I

61440Z

61460P Lemon

91441P

91441Z White

96620Z White

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1001440Z Yellow RTJ gasket (BX) RTJ gasket (BX)

91410X White

33410X White

93410X White

93021X

153021X

31410X White

33620S

36620S White

13460Y

151501X

31430X White

91176Y

93460Y

96620M White

18081X WHITE

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FLANGE ALIGNMENT – ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA

K1=L1

K3=L3

K2=L2 K4=L4

UITLIJN DEFINITIES VOOR LEIDINGFLENZEN PARALEL UITLIJNING FLENZEN t /m 10 ” = MAX 0.5 mm FLENZEN van af 12 ” = MAX. 1.0 mm

HARTLIJN UITLIJNING FLENZEN t/m 3 ” = Max. 2 mm FLENZEN van af 4 ” = Max. 3mm

ALIGNMENT DEFINITIONS FOR PIPING FLANGE JOINTSPARALEL TOLERANCE;FLANGES UP TO 4” 150# (K1-K3/K2-K4) = 0.57mmFLANGES > 4” (K1-K3/K2-K4) MAX. 2.5mm/m (OD Flange)

RE Equipment PARALEL TOLERANCE;Flange OD MAX (K1-K3/K2-K4)

< 300mm 0.2mm300-600mm 0.3mm

> 600mm 0.5mm

LATERAL TOLERANCE;FLANGES UP TO 4” = MAX 2 mmFLANGES > 4” = MAX. 3 mm

SEE DEP 31.38.01.11-Gen Appendix 12

Flange alignment tolerances (additions to ASME B16.5)

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FLANGE CONNECTING TO ROTATING EQUIPMENT (pumps, compressors, etc.)The flange face alignment check shall be performed with bolting inserted loosely, and the acceptance criteria shall be as given below:

Flange Diameter (DN)

Maximum misalignment at OD of flange

< 300 0.2mm

300 to 600 0.3mm

> 600 0.5mm Final acceptance of the rotating equipment (suction/discharge) flange alignment SHALL be witnessed by Client .

Deviation

Initial Measurement50% Torque

K1

….

K3

….

K1-K3 = …….

K2

….

K4

….

K2-K4 = …….

Final Measurement100% Torque

L1

….

L3

….

L1-L3 = MAX

MAX Value as per tables 1, 2 & 3

L2

….

L4

….

L2-L4 = MAX

40

Pre-assembled joint M (mm) Individual flange compared to design plane

Size DN

150# 300#

600# 900# 1500#

2500#

Size DN

150#

300# 600# 900#

1500#

2500#

15 0.22 0.24 0.24 0.30 0.30 0.33 15 0.16 0.17 0.17 0.21 0.21 0.24

20 0.25 0.29 0.29 0.33 0.33 0.35 20 0.17 0.21 0.21 0.23 0.23 0.25

25 0.27 0.31 0.31 0.37 0.37 0.40 25 0.19 0.22 0.22 0.26 0.26 0.28

40 0.32 0.39 0.39 0.44 0.44 0.51 40 0.22 0.27 0.27 0.31 0.31 0.36

50 0.38 0.41 0.41 0.54 0.54 0.59 50 0.27 0.29 0.29 0.38 0.38 0.42

80 0.48 0.52 0.52 0.60 0.67 0.76 80 0.34 0.37 0.37 0.43 0.47 0.54

100 0.57 0.64 0.68 0.73 0.78 0.89 100 0.40 0.45 0.48 0.52 0.55 0.63

150 0.70 0.79 0.89 0.95 0.98 1.21 150 0.49 0.56 0.63 0.67 0.70 0.85

200 0.86 0.95 1.05 1.17 1.21 1.38 200 0.61 0.67 0.74 0.83 0.85 0.98

250 1.02 1.11 1.27 1.37 1.46 1.68 250 0.72 0.79 0.90 0.97 1.03 1.19

300 1.21 1.30 1.40 1.52 1.68 1.91 300 0.85 0.92 0.99 1.08 1.19 1.35

350 1.33 1.46 1.51 1.60 1.87 350 0.94 1.03 1.07 1.13 1.32

400 1.49 1.62 1.71 1.76 2.06 400 1.06 1.14 1.21 1.25 1.46

450 1.59 1.78 1.86 1.94 2.29 450 1.12 1.26 1.31 1.39 1.62

500 1.75 1.94 2.03 2.14 2.46 500 1.23 1.37 1.44 1.52 1.74

600 2.03 2.29 2.35 2.60 2.92 600 1.44 1.62 1.66 1.84 2.07

This results in the following figures for measurements taken at the outer rim of the flange:

Maximum Flange joint miss-alignment tablesTable 1 ASME B16.5 flanges, all sizes, all ratingsMaximum flange face misalignment:For pre-assembled joint up to and including 600#, maximum difference in measured values = 2.5mm/mFor an individual flange, maximum difference to design plane = mm/m

NOTE: Blank cells indicate size rating values not standardized in ASME B16.5

41

Pre-assembled joint Individual flange compared to design plane

Size ASME B16.47, series ADN 150# 300# 600#

900#

Size ASME B16.47, series ADN 150# 300# 600#

900#

650 1.93 2.06 2.14 2.35 650 1.37 1.46 1.51 1.66

700 1.92 2.06 2.13 2.36 700 1.36 1.45 1.50 1.67

1750 1.91 2.05 2.13 2.36 750 1.35 1.45 1.50 1.67

800 1.91 2.05 2.12 2.34 800 1.35 1.45 1.50 1.65

850 1.91 2.04 2.14 2.32 850 1.35 1.44 1.51 1.64

900 1.90 2.03 2.10 2.29 900 1.35 1.44 1.49 1.62

950 1.92 2.02 950 1.36 1.43

1000 1.90 2.00 1000

1.35 1.41

1050 1.90 2.00 1050

1.34 1.41

1100 1.89 1.99 1100

1.34 1.41

1150 1.90 2.01 1150

1.34 1.42

1200 1.89 1.99 1200

1.34 1.41

1250 1.88 1.98 1250

1.33 1.40

1300 1.88 1.98 1300

1.33 1.40

1350 1.88 1.98 1350

1.33 1.40

1400 1.88 2.01 1400

1.33 1.42

1450 1.90 2.01 1450

1.34 1.42

1500 1.89 1.99 1500

1.33 1.41

NOTE: Blank cells indicate size rating values not standardized in ASME B16.47


Table 2 ASME B16.47, series A, all sizes, larger than 600#Maximum flange face misalignment at raised face OD: For pre-assembled joint, 1.75 mmFor individual flange, maximum difference to design plane= mm

42


Size DN

150#

300#

600# 900# SizeDN

150# 300# 600# 900#

650 2.03 2.27 2.37 2.54 650 1.44 1.60 1.68 1.79

700 2.03 2.26 2,35 2.56 700 1.43 1.60 1.66 1.81

750 2.01 2.23 2.31 2.51 750 1.42 1.58 1.63 1.78

800 2.03 2.20 2.28 2.52 800 1.44 1.56 1.62 1.78

850 2.01 2.19 2.26 2.53 850 1.42 1.55 1.60 1.79

900 2.00 2.17 2.25 2.50 900 1.41 1.54 1.59 1.77

950 2.02 1.99 950 1.43 1.41

1000 2.01 2.00 1000

1.42 1.41

1050 1.97 1.98 1050

1.40 1.40

1100 1.97 1.98 1100

1.40 1.40

1150 1.96 1.99 1150

1.39 1.41

1200 1.95 1.97 1200

1.38 1.39

1250 1.95 1.97 1250

1.38 1.39

1300 1.95 1.96 1300

1.38 1.39

1350 1.95 1.98 1350

1.38 1.40

1400 1.94 1.97 1400

1.37 1.39

1450 1.94 1.95 1450

1.37 1.38

1500 1.94 1.95 1500

1.37 1.38

Table 3 ASME B16.47 flanges, series B, all sizes, larger than 600#Maximum flange face misalignment at raised face OD For pre-assembled joint, 1.75mm For individual flange, maximum difference to design-plane = mm


43


Size DN

150#

300#

600# 900# SizeDN

150# 300# 600# 900#

650 2.03 2.27 2.37 2.54 650 1.44 1.60 1.68 1.79

700 2.03 2.26 2,35 2.56 700 1.43 1.60 1.66 1.81

750 2.01 2.23 2.31 2.51 750 1.42 1.58 1.63 1.78

800 2.03 2.20 2.28 2.52 800 1.44 1.56 1.62 1.78

850 2.01 2.19 2.26 2.53 850 1.42 1.55 1.60 1.79

900 2.00 2.17 2.25 2.50 900 1.41 1.54 1.59 1.77

950 2.02 1.99 950 1.43 1.41

1000 2.01 2.00 1000

1.42 1.41

1050 1.97 1.98 1050

1.40 1.40

1100 1.97 1.98 1100

1.40 1.40

1150 1.96 1.99 1150

1.39 1.41

1200 1.95 1.97 1200

1.38 1.39

1250 1.95 1.97 1250

1.38 1.39

1300 1.95 1.96 1300

1.38 1.39

1350 1.95 1.98 1350

1.38 1.40

1400 1.94 1.97 1400

1.37 1.39

1450 1.94 1.95 1450

1.37 1.38

1500 1.94 1.95 1500

1.37 1.38



Slide containing torque values to be added

44


Size DN

150#

300#

600# 900# SizeDN

150# 300# 600# 900#

650 2.03 2.27 2.37 2.54 650 1.44 1.60 1.68 1.79

700 2.03 2.26 2,35 2.56 700 1.43 1.60 1.66 1.81

750 2.01 2.23 2.31 2.51 750 1.42 1.58 1.63 1.78

800 2.03 2.20 2.28 2.52 800 1.44 1.56 1.62 1.78

850 2.01 2.19 2.26 2.53 850 1.42 1.55 1.60 1.79

900 2.00 2.17 2.25 2.50 900 1.41 1.54 1.59 1.77

950 2.02 1.99 950 1.43 1.41

1000 2.01 2.00 1000

1.42 1.41

1050 1.97 1.98 1050

1.40 1.40

1100 1.97 1.98 1100

1.40 1.40

1150 1.96 1.99 1150

1.39 1.41

1200 1.95 1.97 1200

1.38 1.39

1250 1.95 1.97 1250

1.38 1.39

1300 1.95 1.96 1300

1.38 1.39

1350 1.95 1.98 1350

1.38 1.40

1400 1.94 1.97 1400

1.37 1.39

1450 1.94 1.95 1450

1.37 1.38

1500 1.94 1.95 1500

1.37 1.38




45


Size DN

150#

300#

600# 900# SizeDN

150# 300# 600# 900#

650 2.03 2.27 2.37 2.54 650 1.44 1.60 1.68 1.79

700 2.03 2.26 2,35 2.56 700 1.43 1.60 1.66 1.81

750 2.01 2.23 2.31 2.51 750 1.42 1.58 1.63 1.78

800 2.03 2.20 2.28 2.52 800 1.44 1.56 1.62 1.78

850 2.01 2.19 2.26 2.53 850 1.42 1.55 1.60 1.79

900 2.00 2.17 2.25 2.50 900 1.41 1.54 1.59 1.77

950 2.02 1.99 950 1.43 1.41

1000 2.01 2.00 1000

1.42 1.41

1050 1.97 1.98 1050

1.40 1.40

1100 1.97 1.98 1100

1.40 1.40

1150 1.96 1.99 1150

1.39 1.41

1200 1.95 1.97 1200

1.38 1.39

1250 1.95 1.97 1250

1.38 1.39

1300 1.95 1.96 1300

1.38 1.39

1350 1.95 1.98 1350

1.38 1.40

1400 1.94 1.97 1400

1.37 1.39

1450 1.94 1.95 1450

1.37 1.38

1500 1.94 1.95 1500

1.37 1.38




46


Size DN

150#

300#

600# 900# SizeDN

150# 300# 600# 900#

650 2.03 2.27 2.37 2.54 650 1.44 1.60 1.68 1.79

700 2.03 2.26 2,35 2.56 700 1.43 1.60 1.66 1.81

750 2.01 2.23 2.31 2.51 750 1.42 1.58 1.63 1.78

800 2.03 2.20 2.28 2.52 800 1.44 1.56 1.62 1.78

850 2.01 2.19 2.26 2.53 850 1.42 1.55 1.60 1.79

900 2.00 2.17 2.25 2.50 900 1.41 1.54 1.59 1.77

950 2.02 1.99 950 1.43 1.41

1000 2.01 2.00 1000

1.42 1.41

1050 1.97 1.98 1050

1.40 1.40

1100 1.97 1.98 1100

1.40 1.40

1150 1.96 1.99 1150

1.39 1.41

1200 1.95 1.97 1200

1.38 1.39

1250 1.95 1.97 1250

1.38 1.39

1300 1.95 1.96 1300

1.38 1.39

1350 1.95 1.98 1350

1.38 1.40

1400 1.94 1.97 1400

1.37 1.39

1450 1.94 1.95 1450

1.37 1.38

1500 1.94 1.95 1500

1.37 1.38




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Best Practices

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Best Practices

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F S

I

49

Best Practices

O

50

Best Practices

51

Best Practices

Flange Fitters Hand Book

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