•

• . -~- 9704070319 970327

PDR ADOCK 05000280 p PDR

. ·-. · .. · ,·,·.-:~

NFPA HEAT AND FLAME . EVALUATION OF THE MSA · ..

CUSTOM 4500 SCBA USING ENRICHED 02 BREA_~G _AIR

FOR VIRGINIA POWER · -FINAL-REPORT ,-

. . . , .. -: - . ~ .' .

. By James S. Johnson Donald Beason -

February 1, 1993

••

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•

INDEX

Background Information :· ·

Experimental Description and Results

• References

• Appendix

.·: - .

I. LLNL Safety Review -- - ···"······"-,-• "<.,••• •

II. Test Conditions and Related Information.· NFPA 1981 Heat and Flame Test Method.

ill. Test Results, LAB Data

IV. Summary Letter of Test Results

MSA Enriched 02 SCBA Evaluation

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·. _ ... _, .. -.

Background Information

The Lawrence Livermore NationalLaboratory's {LLNL) Hazards Control Department (HCD) has been active in respirator performance testing and evaluations for thirty plus years. Within the Hazards Control Department the Special Projects Division (SPD) is now. responsible to ca.rry out these testing and evaluation activitiE!~. C SPD has evaluated~most comrriercially available self .contained breathmg apparatus (SCBAfstarting approximately fifteen years ago using .. · a variety of test conditions(' Results from these tests have been used to support national consensus standards written by_ the American National Standards Institute ·(ANSI) and the National Fire Protection Association (NFP A) as well as specific National Institute for.Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) evaluations and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations. ·

Over the past ten years HCD s·taff ha~e been membe~s of the NFP A 1981 subcommittee addressing Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Firefighters. In support of this committee SPD has developed a high performance breathing machine Jo.r the 1987 edition of the NFP Al981 standard. Partial funding · for this activity was provided by the US Fire Administration (USF A)~ During the . · most recent five year revision cycle for the NFP A 1981 Standard SPD has developed a heat and flame test apparatus as well as a lens abrasion test apparatus. Partial · support for these activities was provided by USFA and the National Fire Protection.· Association Research Foundation. Most of the major U.S. SCBA manufacturers · supported the development of the heat and flame test apparatus through the NFP A Research Foundation. .SPD's support to the NFP A 1981 Standard was also reviewed by the NFP A Technical Committee on Fire Service Protective Clothing and Equipment. Throughout all the development activities technical input.has been .. provided by a 1981 Subcommittee Task Group. This assured that the final test apparatus met the needs of the NFP A 1981 revision the subcommittee was completing.

The NFP A Heat and Flame Test Apparatus is currently the only test apparatus in the world that evaluates an SCBA's performance sequentially in a typical structural fire fighting thermal and flashover environment while being operated at moderate and high breathing rates. A second flame and heat test apparatus has been constructed · by SPD for ETL Testing Laboratory, Inc. to use in third party certifying to NFPA 1981, 1992 Edition of currently available SCBAs purchased for firefighting applications.

MSA Enriched 02 SCBA Evaluation

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:,,

Experimental Description and Results

Mine Safety Appliance Company (MSA) utilized the SPD NFP A Flame and Heat Test Apparatus through the NFPA Research Foundation to evaluate the effect of 35% oxygen enriched breathing air on their MSA Custom 4500 SCBA. The purpose of this evaluation was to determine the performance and acceptability of enriched oxygen breathing air for firefighting applications in nuclear power station sub-. atmosphere-pressure applications. _yirgi.nia Power has developed this information to support their use of this modified SCBA te>_the.Nuclear Regulatory Commission. -

,~:;.~,• • A• •

The first phase of this project wa~-,i-safetyevai~ati~°i,:-of.the'MSA-SCBA ~~g35°k,. -. oxygen enriched breathing air in the heat. arid flame test environment. SPD was

-·-:·--

. '

.··-

. provided a test report by MSA summ:arizing the w~rk-completed by the NASA .. · _,, Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center for .Virginia Po".Ver c1ddre~sirtg the compatibility of. the MSA Custom 4500 SCBA with oxygen-enriched breathing gas. A detailed-·. ·· - ·. analysis of this information and the proposed test application was completed by SPD ·· ·. --, and the tests given approval to be conducted(Appenciix·I). - ,\:

-- ·-· "-:~ . .. -· ------ .. .,},i:· Three MSA Custom 4500 SCBAs were provided by MSA charged with the 35% ,,-<:;, enriched breathing air for this test serJe.s. Tl"te oxyge11_ concentratipn was m~astirE!c:! '. . : _ :_c'.§. in each tank using SPD's Beckman Model OM-11 oxygen an_alyz_er~ Cali]?ra~<:m_of i. "_.-jiJ~t this unit was performed before the analysis usirig nitrogen as the zero_ test gas angi:~ .;?\/}iii -room air at a concentration of 20.9% as ·the second tesfstandard. The- oxygen ,-·;: .: ,'.: :_ ';'J'(~1J! concentration in each SCBA tank was determined to be 34.9%. - · • ·· --·- "-'.~: - t :. ct'-f;.)~

·~-';r;i

. . . .. --

Three tests were carried out following the NFPA 1981 Standard on Open-Circuit Self-· _. contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire Fighters, draft 1992 edition. The pertinent test · parameters, Section 4.11, and the pass fail criteria, Section 3-11 used in this study-are': .!­listed in Appendix ill. The draft parameters and criteria are the same as the· final·. . . · · ·' standard values printed in the 1992 edition included as Appendix m. Prior to starting · this test series and at the conclusion of this test series calibration runs were made using the calibration mannequin to confirm the operational temperature parameters· of the test apparatus. ·

Each SCBA unit was placed on the heat and fl~me test mannequin and instrumented with thermocouples, Appendix m, to measure specific temperature values. The SCBA and mannequin were placed in the 95°C pre-conditioning oven for 15 minutes with the SCBA operating at a breathing rate. of 40 liters per minute. · Upon completion of this phase of the test the SCBA and mannequin were removed from the oven, the breathing rate increased to 100 liter per minute followed by a 10 second exposure to a flame/thermal environment of 815°C-1153°C. Within 20 seconds after the completion of this part of the test the test mannequin and SCBA were raised 6" and dropped. · ·

MSA Enriched 02 SCBA . Evaluation

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•

The first SCBA test resulted in a failure because sustained burning was observed at the back of the exhalation value on the fullface mask. The flames were extinguished on the mask using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher. A review of the video indicated this was the only failure point on the SCBA. An evaluation of the mask lenses determined that it met the 20/100 requirement of the Standard.

After additional analysis of the results it was decided to switch the fullface respirator from a HighCarb facepiece, MSA part #801452 to a silicon facepiece, MSA part #801458. Two additional SCBA tests were carried out as described previously with . the substitution of the silicon !acepiece for the HighCarb f~cepiece. The results from · · · these two tests met the pass requirements outlined in Section 3-11 of the NFP A 198l' Standard. The results for each requirement are summarized in the Table I.

Table I

' SECTION NO., NFP A 1981 SCBA STANDARD

MSA SCBA 3-11.1 3-11.2 3-11.3 3-11.4

Unit I NIA,. Failed NIA,. Passed

Unit II Passed Passed Passed Passed

Unit ill Passed Passed Passed Passed -~.=-.::--==-_.: __

,.NI A not applicable 3-11.2 disqualified unit immediately.

All exposed film, printout of experimental data and copies of the video tapes for each test were given to the MSA technical representative observing the test series.

Analysis of this experimental data and other MSA Custom 4500 heat and flame test data has been used to -support our conclusion that a MSA Custom 4500 SCBA equipped with a silicon facepiece operated with 34.9% oxygen enriched breathing air meets the same NFP A heat and flame test requirements as normal 20.8% oxygen breathing air.

MSA Enriched 02 SCBA Evaluation

. ~ 5 - .

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References

1. Compatibility of Mine Safety Appliances Custom 4500 Self-Contained -Breathing Apparatus with Oxygen-Enriched Breathing Gas, -National Aeronautics and Space Administration, White Sands Test Facility, TR-597-001, 8/30/91. - .

2. _ NFP A 1981 Standard <>ri Qpen-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire Fighters,_ National Fire Protection Association, 1992 Edition. ---.- :·-·-'.:·~- · _--:--:~ -- ~ · ·• - : ·. _ -_

-,:· . . . ' ~ --~~-- ...

. ·_;-_

. ~ --- ·"·· .... - :· .. ' \ .

. '·--. ,' .

MSA Enriched 02 SCBA Evaluation

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Interdepartmental letterhead·

· Mail Station L- 386

Ext: 3-5018

December 18, 1991

TO: James S. Johnson

FROM: Frank Weber/Charles Borzileri ,.j_ ,l.w/ Ctf l.. SUBJECT: Heat and Flame Testing of MSA's Custom 4500 SCBA

' .

We have reviewed the test report, document number TR-597-001 dated August 30, 1991, prepared by the NASA White Sands Test Facility. This report contains the results of tests performed to determine compatibility of the Mine Safety Appliances Custom 4500 Self-contained Breathing Apparatus with oxygen­enriched breathing gas. · ·

The tests performed by NASA determined the maximum oxygen content in breathing gas for which there is no concern about construction material flammability. The upper limit for oxygen content was found to be 52% where as the use by Virginia Power will be 35%. The.scope of the NASA tests_was limited to the high pressure cylinder connection, audi-alarm, high-pressure flexible hose and the regulator. They found these components to be satisfactory for use with 35% oxygen with some precautions and a limitation. The air delivery system must be kept free of hydrocarbons (oil) and particulate matter. Their tests did not go beyond an ambient temperature of 135° F and therefore their approval is limited to this maximum temperature. ·

The proposed heat and flame.tests to be performed at LLNL will be on the external surface of the SCBA and face mask system whereas the NASA tests . were on the internal surfaces. · Don Beason advises that over one hundred MSA · custom 4500 SCBA systems have undergone heat and flame tests here. The equipment has passed the tests without incident. The only difference between the proposed tests and the past tests is the oxygen content. It is Harry Hasegawa's opinion that there is no significant hazard increase because of the change from 20% to 35% oxygen.

It is our opinion that a M.E. Safety Note is not required for Fire Science Group to test three Custom 4500 SCBA's at 35% oxygen concentration; however, prec_autions must be taken to minimize risk._

1. The system must be free of lubricants and particulate matter.

2. All personnel must leave the room during the ten second flame test.

cc: . D. Beason H. Hasegawa

Universityof Califomia

11 ~ Lawrence Livermore ~ 2 f'J~.1Jc;>JJffl Laboratory - 7 -

APPENDIX l_I

TEST No.: SCB.44~?2-. ·· DATE: ___...I B ____ F'i __ e.a ___ ') -=-2-

• MANUFACTURER: __ M_5........._ ___________________ _

MODEL: 4SX> (Ln.1 11 .1.)

NOTES 0 Canter of Face Mask

1 Left Shoulder cE< ·.fAt·r · p,e,i;; ·· L<>bic-r«a" Tt-t r:-o z.a se-~ 2 Right Shoulder.

·.-.

PFn:a. ·. j3Ui2t..>GCl. t:A-s ]?4\.J orF.

3 Regulator·

4 Left Waist

5 Right Waist

6 Tc;:> of Bottle

~ M,cd:e of Bottle I

8 Regulator on Bo_ttle . ...._ ______ ::::::~.:-=----

. Draw in Location Below

·s

4

• - 8 -

•

•

(JJ :J H (JJ ..J LJ u [J]

w w er: L!] l..&J l=l

(JJ :J H (JJ

ci u [J]

w w er: L!] l..&J 0

SCBA4_72

1200

1000

800

600

400

850

SCBR4_72

1200

1000

800

600

400

200

850

oE~=~. XCH-2 ICH-3 -tCH-4 ecH-5 ·

+

+

+

·-+

E~~lE§~b E£~,,t1ASK · .. RIGHT SHOULDER L.P. REGULATOR LEFT NAI5T STRAP Rl GHT l.JAIST STRAP

+

+

+ +

+ +

+

+

+

·+

+·

890 -970 · SECONDS

1010 ..

· CH-S . LO~IER BACKPLATE OCH-7; · ·HID CYLINDER .. XCH-8 REG ON BOTTLE

+ +

+ +

+

+

+

890

+

+·

+

970 SECONDS

+

+

+

.+

+

·1010

9

. rn~~ 1200 1200 12C'l0 1200

1050

· . :1200. . . 1200.

1200, ... -'·--·· .... -. \.

1050

·, ,•_",;.'.''•,• ;::: • •. - • ·.-· ?" DATE: IE,, (6".'t3 9 Z..

• MAN~FACTURER: __ M_.;..:~:..;.A..;.._ __________________ _

MODEL: 4Soo 35% Oz

NOTES 0 Canter of Face ·Mask

-1 · Left Shoulder

2 Right Shoulder· ·

3 Regulator· -

4 Left Waist

5 Rignt Waist

6 Tep of Bottle

... M1cd!e of Bottle I -~---~· ..:::----:......---·----=--- ~---= -

8 Regulator on Bottle ' -_ .

• • Draw 1n Location Below

·s

• :·-;·',':·

.:·-·· 10 - .

------ -------·-·---- -····-

SCBA4 73 CH-0 CENTER FACE MASK 1200 .. - OCH-1 LEFT SHOLDER - · 1200· XCH-2 R!GHT SHOULDER 1200 ICH-3 L. P. REGULATOR 1200 +CH-4 LEFT WA!ST STRAP 1200 ecH-s RIGHT WAIST STRAP 1200

1200[

+ + ni + + (J) 1000 =i H

13l]lJt +

+i1 + + (.0

...J w

+ ("~ u -+ + + Ul 600 w w

400r -If , er: + + + (!J w Q

200~+ -f Al\ + +

850 890 930 970 . 1010 i050 SECONDS

SCBA"l_?:3 CH-S LO~ER BACl<:PLATE · 1200 OCH-? MI CYLINDER · · .1200 )(CH-8 REG OM BOTILE 1200

I

' ;.;'s_·

l 200l + +· .. + +.

(J) 1000 =i H

a00r + + + ·+ (J) ...J w l)

600t- + + + + Ul w w

400r + fl\l + er: + + l..!J w Q

2~':10[ + Jr~~Q +

,;, ~ Q I I

850 890 930 970 1010 1050 SECONDS

• ·"

- 11 -

~

TEST No.: Sc.13 ~ ~ - 1 4- DATE: I t3 rt!';~ <j "

•. MAN~FACTURER: -~M---:::.~..:..~-=----------------------­

(U"-> ,, 3) · MODEL: 4$¢1?

O Canter of Face ·Mask

1 -Left Shoulder ·

2 Right Shoulder

3 · Regulator •

4 Left Waist

5 Rig~t Waist

6 Tep of Bottle

7 M,cd:e of Bottle

8 Regulator on Bottle

• • Draw in Location Below

·5

• - -· --.... -,. ............... _. ----·--. -- ·------·"~-.

. NOTES

4

- 12 -

'; .. -·~ .

•' . ~-. ~- --"-•-

SCBR'I 74 CH-0 CENTER FACE MASK 1200 OCH-l LEFT SHOLDER 1200 XCH-2 RlGHT SHOULDrn 1200

•

ICH-3 L. P. REGULATOR 1200 +CH-4 LEFT 1-lAlST STRRF 1200 ecH-5 RlGHT i,JAIST STRAP 1200

1200

(J) 1 000l + il + + ::)

§ 8ml + t-/a + + w Ci

6 _ 0~ +- ff"i:1 +- +-

Ul IJ

~ f +J'L+ E.!l 400 w -A - .

~ + + + -- + C00 II , • ~ - . j . , 850 89~ 930 970 1010 1050

SECONDS .';--; • ,,.~.~::,,,., ,.!.. :·· ':.:, .-·-

SCBR'I 74 CH-6 LO~lER BACKPLATE 12130 OCH-7 MlD CYUNDER 1200\ XCH-8 REG ON BOTTLE 1200 ·

1200[ ~ I:::- : . ~· : : ' < • j > ·.····· w

• ~ 6001- +- It- I + .+

l] 400~ + I+ I + +

•

w A

200[ Q ~9~~\, ;Fr ~ 850 890 930 970 1010 1050

SECONDS

- 13 -

Copyright© 1992 NFPA. All Rights Reserved

·NFPA 1981

Standard on

. ·Open-Circuit S~lf-.¢~ntained Breathing Apparatus· f~{Fi;e'iighters '

.·,,:: f; . ~·. '

. 1992 Edition·, ' . ~: .. -.-.. ~:~_;_,·:.~\_.;·· ... :.·: ;: . ~ -'- \ :":. . ·> ·~-·.3,.~ '. ".-.. ;! ~ •

. This edition ·of.NFPA 1981, sianda~d·o,i ·open~Ci;c~i(SelfCo~tained Breathing Appar~i'us"'L for Fire Fighters, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Fire Service Protective·.­Clothing and Equipment and acted on by the National Fire Protection Association, Inc;·.: at its Annual Meeting held May 18-2J\ 1992:in New. Orleans, LA. It was issued by the · Standards Council on July 17, 1992, with an effective··date of August 14, 1992, and · supersedes all previous editions. . · · The 1992 edition of this document has :been aj>pr~ved ~y the American National

Standards Institute. · · .. , · , · · · -' . . . . ' . -··

Origin and Develop~~n~,~f N"FP~l981 The first NFPA document to address fi;;-fightei- respi~atory protection was NFPA.

198, Standard on Respiratory Protective Equipme_nt for Fire Fighters. NFPA 198 was adopted on May 17, 1971 at the Association's Annual Meeting'in San Francisco, California. It was developed by the Sectional Committee on Protective Equipment for Fire Fighters of the Technical Committee on Fire Department Equipment. After 1975, the Sectional Com­mittee was removed from the Technical Committee on Fire Department Equipment and made its own technical committee. The main thrust of NFPA 198 was to prohibit filter­type canister masks for fire fighters and permit_ only self-contained breathing apparatus. NFPA 198 was officially withdrawn by the Association on May 19, 1981 at the Annual Meeting in Dallas, Texas. ·

NFPA 1981, Standard on Self-Contained Breathi11g Apparatus for Fire Fighters, was adopted at the same meeting to replace NFPA 198. That first edition of NFPA 1981 essentially _ specified NIOSH/MSHA approved SCBA with a minimum rated service life of 30 min­utes. Open-circuit SCBA was required to be positive pressure.

The. Technical Committee on Protective Equipment for Fire Fighters undertook a com­plete revision of NFPA 1981 to state performance requirements and appropriate testing procedures designed to simulate various environmental conditions that fire fighters' SCBA can be exposed to during use and storage. These requirements are in addition to the basic NIOSH/MSHA certification requirements and now NFPA 1981 only applies to open-circuit SCBA. A similar document will be developed for closed-circuit SCBA.

The second edition of NFPA 1981 was completed in March, 1986 and adopted by the Association at the 1987 Annual Meeting in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Since the second edition, the name of the Technical Committee has changed to Fire Service Protective Clothing and Equipment and· there is a standing Subcommittee on Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus. · ·

_ -· 14

1981-1

}'."-

i981-l2 OPEN-CIRCUIT SEU-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS FOR FIRE FIGHTERS

•

3-9• Facepiece Lens Abrasion Resistance Performance.

3-9.1 When tested in accordance with· the facepi~ce lens abrasion test specified in Section 4-9 of this standard, the average value of the tested samples shall not exhibit a delta haze greater than 14.0 percent.

3-10• Communications Performance. ·

3.;10.1 When tested in accordance with the communica- . tion test specified in Section 4- IO of this standard. the pri- . mary communication means as identified by the manufac-: turer shall have an average calculated ,value of not less than 72 percent. · · · · · · ·. · · -. ··' ·

3-11 Heat and Flame Resistance Peri'~~~~e .. ·

3-11.1 When tested in acc~rdance· with:th~ heat.and flame test specified in Section 4-1 l of this standard, the SCBA face­piece pressure shall not be less than 0.00. in. (0.00 mm) water: column nor greater than 3.50 in. (88.9 _µim) water column _· above ambient pressure from the time the test begins until the time the test is concluded.

. t;; . -··I •.. _..;._.. . -t+------22 .In.------3-11.2 When tested as specified in 4-11.17 of this stan­dard, no components of the SCBA shall have an afterflame . of more than 2.2 seconds. · · · · · . · ·

3-11.3 When tested as specified in 4~ 11.17 and 4-11.l 9 of this standard, no component that secure~ the SCBA to the user's body or that secures the cylinder to the SCBA, such as chest, pull, facepiece. waist, cylinder; and shoulder straps, shall separate or fail in. such a manner that would cause the SCBA to be worn and used in. a position not specified by the manufacturer's instructions.

3-11.4 When tested as specified in 4-11.20 of this stan­dard, the facepiece lens shall not obscure vision below the . 20/100 vision criterion. · ·

Chapter 4 Test Methods

4-1 Air Flow Performance TesL

4-1.1• The facepiece of the SCBA being tested shall be secured to Scott Aviation Model No. 803608-01 or 803608-02 test headform or equivalent. The facepiece shall be secured to the headform to assure that an initial pres­sure of 1.0 in. ± 0.1 in. (25.4 mm ± 2.5 mm) water column below ambient shall not decay by more than 0.2 in. (5.1 mm) water column in 5 seconds.

4-1.2 The remaining components of the SCBA shall be mounted in accordance with Figure 4-1.2 to simulate its typical wearing position, as specified by the man_ufacturer, on a fire fighter. . , . ·. . ·

4-1.3 A pressure probe shall be attached to the test head­form to monitor facepiece pressure. The pressure probe shall be a 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) O.D. with 0.062 in. ( 1.6 mm) wall thickness metal tube having one open end and one

• closed end. The closed end shall have 4 · equally spaced'.

/~:-·: ~..:r::=~~!:'!Jt~i'!f~ifi~ . . . _.. .. .· . _ .. . . . . . . .. > ... ;<:';~.i}Xtf1iC holes, each 0.062 in. ±0.005 in. (1.6 inm ±0.l:'inm);·and"~'o:~c,.:; positioned 0.250 in. ± 0.02 in. (6.4 mm ± o:5 ~m) from:\:•/-'\~\ the end of the pressure probe. . ' ' .· 'c· .·

4-1.4 Th~ closed end of the pressure probe sh~II eite~l):/ . through the test headform exiting out the ce_nter of the lefc:. ':\ eye. The pressure probe shall extend 0.50 in. +0.06f-'0.0·,:·-;· 0

. in. (12.7 mm + L5/-0.0 mm) outward from the surfa.c~·of\'-/:/ ·the center of the left· eye .. · · /:: . · · · · ·

. 4-1.5 The open end of the pressure probe shall extend a.maxi+':'.:::'.'i{ mum of 18 in. (457 mm) and a minimum of 1.0 in: (25.4 mmF :/(1-_'.E: outward from the back surface of the test headform. .: : · · · :;:}

- '. :. ~-:: . . " ·t:·-- _-.ii..,.

4-1.6 k maximum of a 5 ft (1.5 m) length of nominaL · 0.188 in. (4.8 mm) I.D. flexible smoothbore tubing with a·.

:::~~:.~:::~=~=:~:~~~~~~~ ~:'.~i ~;;~::~~:;~~~~,b~~~: 1me . -,it

Line Pressure Effect: Less than 1% FS zero·shift/1000 psig Output: ± 2.5 V de for ± FS Output Ripple!. IO mv peak to peak . . . Regulation: FS output shall not change more than._+ 0.1 · :

percent for input voltage change from 22 to 35 V de . . . , .. Temperature, Operating: -65°F-to 250°F (-54°Cto 121°C), Temperature, Compensated: O"F to 160"F (-18°C to 71°C)

. : . Temperat1:1_re. ~~:·".Within _2 perc~nt JSl19.(}0 f~(55:!J0.9: . ,--~.:? . ;c. E~r barid !:'_},, ,_.,_;er::;_··:>"'< C •• '. ·'..; • • •• : ,·. ·-·:?" ·ci'.' ""} '.}·!;'.;\\

:·:_..:. .

1992 Edition . - 15

I. 1,981-22 ,'_. .. -:,.:-:··: -: .. ,- t ,··'>.i

OPEN-CIRC-urr SELF-CO~~~-INED 'ill~tlt'iiB'~PPARATUS. FOlf !'IRE. FIGHTERS .

· 4-10.7 The test material shall be the reading of one com-

•

plete Ii.st of phonetically balanced words as contained in · Table I of ANSI S3.2, Method for Measuring the Intelligibility

of Speech over Communication Systems. The words shall be spoken singularly in the following· carrier sentence: "Would you write (list word) now?" The rate shall be

' - ', ,,,.._,_-,

4-10.12.Z · If the average of the score values < 72 percent, the sample standard deviation (s.d.) of the· score values shall be calculated in· the following manner:

~- 2 - (Ix)~ .. x - --

approximately one test word every six seconds. The talkers s.d. = N

shall be trained to talk at 65-75 dBA without an SCBA N - l · -:?/}. facepiece, measured at the listener's ear, placing no · where x = score values ·. ·-,::, .,= ."· ·,.).\

unusual stress on ~ny wodrd.fiTrdai~ing shall inclu~e the _use· N = sample size (5). . . .. _.:. ::_i._:;,i_._··"·····,'_.:_\'.:;:.:_f_-.i_; of background nmse.as e ne m.4-10.9 ofth1s secuon._. . . , . ':·: · ... <,-The talkers shall not vary their -voice level after the face~ .. .... 4-10.12.3 If the calculated sample standard ~eviapon of ·.-,···_,c',±]x~ piece is donned from that used without the facepiece. The. ..: ~he test score valµes > 10.0, the test shall be !nvah~ated • .: .. '..,c>:\,;:l~. listeners shall write each word as they hear it. · . . ._· · ,,;'.\iJ;nd_the procedtir~s ,o~ '.HO} through 4:rn.12~_6p_f ~h1s_se~:;;)\;t;{Jj,!·

. · .. <>:·-<· .. ···<;: - <i{~o:~:s~_~JL~~ r~p_e,,t;~~:·>·:>/,; . _,_._'. ... . _::;:·, --~ ·'._'.-\:'.}j':ff;"·"'·~: 4-1~.8 The ta!kers s~all conducttwo_.tests. in the chamb~r. \I4-10.12.4 _ I(the.'calculated sample~st31~dard d~vi~ti.<~D of'.-.~,};[:::,,;,,, • ., havmg an ambient nmse field as specified m 4-10.9 ofth_1s '·:':,:the test score values :S 10.0, a test stausuc.T value shall be i'-·->'··,;.u,='::;;, secti~~· using a different word list for ea~b of the following-: :.,_ ·:::~Icula_ted_:t'? dete,rm,111e if the _av~rage· of t~e scpr~ hlues\< )// conditions: . . ;-:"ol>taiilecris .or is not ~qtiivalent to 72 pe_i:cent;_jqhall be:f> .. :}~'-'

,_., - .. ·. ··: · /.·-.. calculatedin.thefollowingmanner:,.: __ .-.: ,-~~· ... ,,.: ... :."'<. ·-· ... · ---~·;:;: '< J ,, ' - • \.•?>-,,~ ~ '•. H- • : ... -' :.•v;', ~~~~,:-~·< ~:~, • • • <.r,:.:~,;~'.:.(~\:s.~~Ji·':i.'.~~~.•. ~- ~ .. i.f":/.::\: .. ,\-~ ,.

ut!u:'.t!~,~;:;'.;:'. and operated ~flh< SceA nw/. . < ;.,- \ ~ rf ~·: (µ :. -:::;:f L:2' ' •• ,'~J];l;~iJ (a)· With no SCBA,- ·

~-~O·~. T.he t~st chamber shall be filled with broadband where x = average of the score values . · ·. ·. :- ._ · ... . ';i,:: _ . ·,:;/';>t pmk nmse wnh a tolerance of~ dB per octave band from . . , . · N. ·. ~ sample _size (5). . . ·. i _ . ;,¥;~:·:;:,::"ti}~:,),/{

~:;;?;! r:i:~~~J:~;.;;:~~:= -~\-_••_---~?-=~.r~~~~d~ro~;~,~7'.;~:~1~,f~*(l~-1E!~;1,, as possible so as to create a quasi-uniform sound field over. 4~10.12.5. For· T''values -~ 2.13; the score,val6cfslfall'be:\:cJ the listening group. More than one loudspeaker shall be_ · c:onsidered to be equivalent to a score valu~'or 7f Pircent}~}:; ;.J;1,0\·t.~, .. ~r

•

permitted to be used to achieve .the desired .sound field. and shall be used to determine pass/fail as· specifiec:l_iri·~e.~-\~'/--i~is-"ff;if1

~~!~!i:~::i~iii!!~~r;t;i~~!~~::1r!~s:;~~:~ :~1:.:-:.: ofF::s;:~:::d~ ··2.13: ·:t~~ score{:1~:~~Jrc:rr t<~t:"i{ . calculated in 4-10.12 of this section. This· calcuiated .score·tt:~\'"':·

4-10.10 Each listener's response for~ shall be· s~ored as . , value .shall be used to determine pass/fail'as··sp~cified iri f. ·,',} to the number of correct responses out of the 50 words .. ·· ·. Section 3-10 of this standard. ' · ·: '· · ··· \'':}~fi,::F<::··,:('.(;£'Y_;i<~

~E~!?f E11;L~f s1~f iS.~ .· ·· · ;;:in~t;.;;-;.ee:;~:~~qufrJf f r::;{&tf :~~:, e:cir~~/~~~e~:~rb:p;~fn';~<!r~~~~~~ :~ s:~:~~~f . 4-11.2• · ;he 'test. mannequin shall. have a prri;~r~;:{~()\'.~': _,~·<:5· cally correct. ering. The protective_ covering shall be designe_d anci' ci>ri- ·. ·._ .?\. ,, ,.

structed as follows. · ·· _ . , i\.:·=-'-'"·""'1,

4-10.11 All of the listeners' scores without the SCBA used by the talker shall be averaged. All of the listeners' scores with the SCBA used by the talker shall be averaged. The average score of the five listeners for the talker using the SCBA shall be divided by the average score of the five lis­teners for the talker without using the SCBA, and the result shall be called the "score value;" This procedure· shall be performed for each of the five talkers:

4-10.12 The average of the score values obtained in 4-10.11 shall be calculated.

4-10.12.1 If the average of the score values 2:: 72 percent, this average score valu·e shall be used to determine pass/fail as specified in Section 3-10 of this standard. ·

• 1992 Edition

4-11.2.1 The assembled protective covering compo~11e.'_ consisting of an outer shell, moisture barrier, and thermal -liner shall have an average Thermal Protecti\'e_ Perfor-:

·: · mance (TPP) of not less than 35.0 when tested .in· accor-~:: ·· dance with Section 5-2 ofNFPA 1971, Sta,1dard o,i Prolffti;·,,.

Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting.

4-11.2.2 · The outer shell shall be..10 percent PBl/60 per/, cent Kevlar ·rip stop weave, weighing approximatt·h .: ·

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•• NOTES

UNIESS OIHHW1Sl SPEClflED,

I. All DIMENSIONS AIE IN INCHES. 2. DIMENSIONING AND IOlEIANCINO PEI

ANSI Yl4.SM-11'12. J. 5UlfACE IEXIUIE "I ANSI 1"6.1-1t71.

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11931-24 0PEN-c1Rcu1T sELF-c<>NTAINEo s:;iA;f-ii111cfAPPAR,frus mR FIRE FIGHTERS

4-11.2.4 The moisture barrier shall be constructed of

•

proxil?lately 2.25 oz/sq yd polyester/cotton fabric that is ated with approximately 6.5 oz/sq yd of flame resistant

neoprene.· .

4-11.2.5 The moisture barrier shall be completely sewn to the thermal liner at its. perimeter with the neoprene side facing outward from the thermal liner. All edges shall be sewn together and bound with non-wicking moisture bar~- · rier material. The liner/moisture barrier shall be no more· than 3 in. (76 mm) from the coat hem.

· 4-11.2.6 The moisture barrier and thermal liner shall be · ·

"•:: ... · .. -.. , ... ,

headform. Ttie protective hood shall not cover or protect any part of the facepiece or the facepiece retention system that -~olds the facepiece to the headform.

4-11.7 The SCBA shall be mounted.on the test mannequin to simulate the correct wearing position on a fire fighter as specified by the SCBA manufacturer's instructions.

4-11.8 The facepiece shall be mounted and tested .on the test headform as specified in 4-1.1 of this chapter.

4-11;9 The heat and flame test apparatus shall he as spec--ified in Figure 4-11.9. ·_

completely detachable from the outer shell, . . . ,. · 4-11;10 The test oven shall be a horizontal forced circu-. :·Iating' air oven ,vith an internal \'elocity of 200 linear .ft .

4-11.2.7 The protective covering shall be stitched with Kev-·- · · · ·-(6_1 m) per minute. The test o,·en shall ha\'e minimum _-.,-.: lar thread using a minimum of6-8 stitches per inch'. All major : : .' dimensions of 36 in. depth x 36 in. width x 48 in. _height. . seams are to be double stitched and felled locked with all ·:.;(9L,:< 91 x 122 cm).. · inside seams to be finished with Kevlar thread. All stress · , •.. _.,_.,., ·.: · .:> ·· · · · ·

. points shall be reinforced. No metal shall pass from the out-:.: : ":c~·,11.~.l : The test oven shall be calibrated usi'ng. a · __ side of the protective covering through the moisture barrier. . . i30-gauge e~posed bead type J iron/constantin wire refer- . and liner to cause the transfer of heat to the mannequin · ence thermocouple_ that has been calibrated_ to set the' when the protective covering is completely assembled. The · . 32,0"F (0.0°C) reference point with an ice bath containing protective covering, including the·front closure, shall be con- _ ice and deioni,zed or distilled water. Boiling water:shall be structed in a manner that provides secure _and complete . used to set the 2 I 2"F ( I OO"C) reference \'alue. Ttie refer-moisture and thermal protection. If nonpositive fasteners, -ence temperatures shall be corrected to standard tempera-such as snaps or hook and pile tape, are utilized in garment tures·using a barometric pressure correction. . closures, a positive locking fastener, such as hooks and dees . 4-11.12 · For calibration prior to the heat and· flame test; or zippers, shall also be utilized. Pockets and fluorescent ret- · the test mannequin shall be exposed to direct flame contact. roreflective trim s~all not be installed. for 10 seconds using the heat and flame test apparatus as

4-11.2.8 The collar shall be made of fo~r~p-iec~ construe- specified in Figure 4-11.9: All peak temperature readings_. shall be within a temperature range_ of 1500°F to 2.l02°F .

tion consisting of outer shell material on both the back or (8 I 5"C to I I 50"C). The average mean of all peak tempera- .

•

utside and· next to the mannequin neck. The two inner ture readings shall be no higher than I 742"F (950"C). · yers shall consist of a thermal liner and moisture barrier. o throat strap shall be attached. 4-11.13 The test oven recovery time, ~fter the .. door -is

4-11.2.9 Slee\'e outside seams shall be felled, while inside seams shall be lock stitched.

4-11.2.10 All protective covers shall measure 35 in. (889 mm) long when measured from the center of the back collar seam to the hem. "I:"he protective cover size shall be 44-in. chest x 34 in. sleeve (118 mm x 864 mm).

4-11.2.11 The complete protective covering shall be dis­carded and shall not be used after three flame exposures of the flame and heat test.

closed, shall not exceed 1.0 minute. ' ' .

. 4-11.14 The air flow perfornia~ce test shall be· conducted as specified in 4-1.12, 4-1.13, 4-1.14, and 4-.1.15 ·or this

.chapter, with modifications to the ventilation rate specified . in 4-11.15 of this section and with test temperatures speci­fied in 4-11.12 and 4-11.15 of this section. The air flow performance test shall continue through the drop test as specified in 4-1 LI 9 of this section. · · ; ·· · ·

4-11.14.1 The variation in pressure extremes caused by the flame and heat test mannequin configuration shall be· determined in the following manner. The air flow ·perfor-

4-11.3 A test headform meeting the requirements specified mance test as specified in Section 4-1 of this chapter shall in 4-1. l of this chapter shall be used on the test mannequin. be carried out at a ventilation rate of I 03 Umi'n ± 3 Umin,

and 40 · Umin ± 2 Umin. A second air flow performance 4-11.4 The test headform shall be attached to the Model test shall be carried out using the configuration specified in.· 327-6 Breathing Machine as specified in· Figures 4-1. I 2(a),' 4-11.4 of this chapter at the same \'entilation rates. The (b), and (c), with the modification that a 0.75 in. l.D. difference in pressure between the two tests shall be calcu-breathing hose, not longer than 25 ft (7 .6 m), shall be lated by subtracting the values obtained usi11g the configu-attached to the tee in the breathing machine and the throat ration defined in 4-11.4 from the values obtained using the tube of the test mannequin headform. configuration specified in Section 4-1. ·

4-11.5 The test headform shall be covered with an 4-11,15 The ·ventilation rate shall be set at 40 Umin undyed aramid hood for protection of the headform dur- ± 2 Umin, with a respiratory frequency of 12 ± l breaths/ ing testing. The protective hood shall meet the require- minute at ambient conditions as specified in. 4-L 13 of ments of Section 6-1 of NFPA 1971, Standard on Protectit•t · -this chapter. The SCBA mounted on the test mannequin Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting. · -shall be placed in the test O\'en that.has been preheated to

203°F ±4°F (95°C ±2°C). After the door is closed and tht: 4-11.6 The protective hood, wh~n pla~ed on the test·. ..o\'en temperature reco\'ers to 203°F (95°C), the test expo-

.eadform, shall not affect the seal of the fac~piec:e to the . ;<s~reti,m~ 9f 15 m~riutes shall begin. · · · ·

1992 Edition 18 - . ·

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1981-2i

• 4~11.16 At the completion of the 15-minute exposure, the ven~lation rate shall be increased to I 00 Umin as specified in 4-1.12 of this chapter. The oven door shall be opened and the SCBA mounted on the test mannequin shall be moved out of the oven and into the center of the burner array.

.4-11.17 The SCBA shall then be exposed.to direct Harne contact for 10 seconds + 0.25/-0.0 seconds. This exposure . shall begin within 20 seconds ofremoval of the SCBA from · the test oven. · ·

4~11.17.1 The.SCBA shall be observ~d for any afterfla~e.

' . ' - . -

5-1.4* ASTM Publication.

ASTM D 1003, Standard Test Method Jo,· Hau and lumi­nous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics,_ I_ 988

5-1.5* GSA Publication.

Federal Test Method Standard 191A, Textile.Test i\1ethods • .20. July 1978

- ---. - 5~1.6* Navy Publication.

· MIL-STD-8 IOE, Em11ro11~11e11till T,st Methods, 14 July· i 9t!9~:., ·

and the afterflame duration shall be recorded to determine · · · · · passtfail as specified in ·3-11.2 of this standard. -· J-i(~~_I.~! u.s;.Govemment Publication.· . _ . . . . .. _ 30 CFR,Part-H; Respiratory Protecti\'e

4-11.18 . Within 20 seconds after completing the direct.:·'.::: for J>ermissibilit)'., 25 March 1972: . Harne exposure, the SCBA mounted orphe test mannequir('.i\;, :: · shall be raised 6 in. +0.25/-0.0_in. (152 mrri +6.3/-0.0 mm)·'\/' ·. and dropped freely. ·

4-11.18.1 The SCBA shall be observed to determine.pass/_ fail as specified in 3-11.3 of-this standard. -- ,_ This:App~ndi~ ,i no/ a par/ of th, ;,q1iir,;,j~,,,; ,if thi.1 :\'FP:fd,,r11~

. _ .·. __ mtnJ! bi,t_is (nrlud!tJfor information fJ11rpom only .. · :•-:.·.-... . .-4-11.19 The facepiece pressure during the entire test :·,', .... -~-,_ - , ·". . ·' ... / _ .. ;.·: ,,_:_ ·: shall be read from the strip chart recorder and corrected ·.,,._ A-1-1.1_:·· The use of self-contained 'breatliing "apparatus by adding the value of the difference in pressure calculated ·• (SCBA) by fire fighters is always assumed to be. in atn10-: in 4-11.14 of this section to determine pass/fail as specified . ··:·· .·. spheres immediately dangerous to life ,or ·heal* ( 1 DLH)· .. , , , ; in 3-11.1 of this standard. Any pressure ~pike caused.by the: ,;< There .is . ~o ~~y to ;predete!mine. h_azardous f<>ngitiors: 5);(. impact of the drop test and measured .within- a· duration of.·:;·;· ~onc_en~ratrons of tox_1c materrals, or. perc~ntages of oxygen_ '•)i,/' three cycles of the breathing machine after the apparatus· _ _: . ·~ ~ir-;in a fire envrronment, d_urmg _?ve~~~-ut_(sa_lva~e>:,;/ drop shall be disregarded. • o~erat~o~s, or under other emergencr cond1t1ons1_~,·oh:mgi_'f.

· spills or releases of hazardous materrals. Thus,:SCBA ari;-c•:, ·:; 4-11.20 The SCBA facepiece shall be removed from the test required at all times during any fire fighting; hazardous ;<\,ci headform and, without touching the lens, shall be. donned by materials, or overhaul operations. · ' ·. · ,; -: ·. ,)\: a test subject with visual acuity of 20/20 in each eye uncor­rected or corrected with contact lenses. The test shall be con­ducted using a standard 20 ft (65.8 m) eye chan with normal lighting range of 100-150 ft-candles at the chan and with the test subject positioned at a distance .of 20 ft (6.1 m) from the chan. The test subject shall then read the standard eye chart through the lens of the facepiece to determine pass/fail as specified in 3-11.4 of this standard. ·

Chapter 5 Referenced Publications

5-1 The following documents or ponions thereof are ref­erenced within this standard and shall be considered part of the requirements of this document. The edition indi­cated for each reference is the current edition as of the date of the NFPA issuance of this document.

5-1.1* NFPA Publication. NFPA 1971, Standard on Prottctive Clothing-for Structural

Fire Fighting, 1991 edition

5-1.2* AATCC Publication. AATCC 135, Dimensional Changes in Automatic Home

uiundering of Wat•en and Knit Fabrics, 1989

5-1.3* ANSI Publications. ANSI S3.2, Method for Measuring the lnteiiigibility of Spee~h

over Communication S}'slems, 1989 .. . _ ANSI/CGA G-7 .1, Commodity Specification/or Air, 1989

- 21

A-1-2;1 . The following performance requirement 'is' 11e~'; '.f{ for this edition of the standard:· . . . . ·. . -z.::_}.:f,:_':':,i.:\i~{

Heat and Flame Test. This test is intended'fo prcfride.::\ a reasonable level of assurance that, when a breathing.-·~; apparatus is e~posed to a variety of thermal and ph~·sil·al }/i conditions an~ breathing rates that sim.ulate the,.co11diti1t~1!if)?/, of a ftashover accident, the apparatus will perform and.;· .,:. function properly. · ·._ ··< ,. · ··. -. _. : . .-··:'·

Ttie performance tests contained i~ the 1987' ;dftii11/~i · this standard and continued or revised in this edi~iim ;m.-:

I.. Air Flow Performance Ttst. This test inci-e~ses thl,'< 11i·> rent NIOSH breathing machine requirement of 40 l. 111111

to 100 Umin·. The 100 Umin ventilation rate was ckll\ l'II . from a review of several studies indicating that a vt;r11il.1111,,·, .·· rate of I 00 standard liters per minute encompas\l"' iht· :

98th percentile of all fire fighters studied. ·

2. Environ~~t~l Temperature ~sist~nce ·-;-e;ts/!hi; ~ •. ,ii',<,· oftests exposes the breathing apparatus to various ll".'1'1" , -ature extremes and temperature cycles that ._bn·;irlrn,.:. apparatus migh~ be exposed to during _storage c,1111d11, .. {,, and certain enviio!)mental changes. .. · ,_:; .. ·:

3. Particulate Rtsistance Test'. This test ~x:'pmn. rJ,/. ·breathing appar~t,us to a specified coricentrationol .I'·" i:ii, -ulates toprovide a reasonable level of a:1surancc· 1h.,1 .il.i,'. apparatus is designed to properly function when np• "' d .

· to the.dust conditions:c~mmonly presei:it.durirg tJis:.lri,:Jv:•,,1;i_;;,:; . ing opifrations;':.:;:-.··' •.>•' .,. '.· .: . ::·:>:( ·:-•.: t·.:·~:'.::'\/;" '\' .. ":;:'\>

·-~ ,-'-··~.· .. -·--·----· ·-- 1992 Ea·i.o.,

•

. Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory); _,; __ -__ -. . . . . -

Dr. Richard A. Erth ·,_ · Manager, Product Development MSA P.O. Box426 Pittsburgh, PA 15230

Dear Dr. Erth:· :. : ,.,;,_ .

.. ,:-• ~

August 25, 1992_

. .. - --~. .

' .. ~ -

This letter is to inform you that w~·~ave finally c:o~pleted our analysis of 0

the' '' test results for the evaluation of the MSA Custom 4500 using oxygen enriched breathing air at a level of 35% oxygen~ -This evaluation consisted of carrying · out the NFPA heat and flame test outlined in section 4-11 of the NFPA 1981 Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire · . .. ·• ... Fighters, 1992 Edition. Three SCBA ~ts were tested with the first unit failing '> '. : due to greater than 2.2 seconds of flame on the HighCarb facepiece, MSA Part. · : .·· _ #801452 at the exhalation valve. A sHicon facepiece MSA part #801458 was,:. . · ·· · tested on the second SCBA and found to meet the test requirements. The third custom 4500 equipped with a silic~ne facepiece also met the 1981 test · . requirements. From these test results we have concluded that 35% enriched oxygen breathing air can be used in the MSA Custom 4500 equipped with a -: silicon facepiece and meet the same NFP A heat and flame test requirements as normal 20.8% oxygen breathing air. A more detailed report will be provided · · .: . within three weeks. This project required one week of NFPA Research .. •···•-·· Foundation charge· time to complete the safety review for enriched oxygen; test set up three heat and flame tests, pre and post calibration, clean up, .. ·· correspondence, data analysis and report preparation. Please provide these._ changes to the NFP A Research Foundation when you receive the detailed report.

If you have any questions on these results or charge time please feel free to contact me by phone at (510) 422-5165. ·

-:.- ·22 ~· ·. --- .. ;,·-·-- JSJ920824-01 /l tr.

An Eaua! Opocr:a,n,~, =.·--:: ,,· .. -:·. Ur•,ve:s;ty d Da!:fO'r!•,;s• P.O. Box 808 Livermot~:. ·~A. 94551.-9900 ~ Telephc'ne.i57(;.' ..!22-1100 • fo-x 91:_'. ·-··-,··' . ·: -·· . ·";;/:;,:, :,-

•

•

•

\.·

Hazards Contror Department

· U Lawrence Livennore National Laboratory· P.O. Box 5505 L-388 . Uvennore, CA M551 Telephone 415-422-5215

.,