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Transcript of Five Points - Project Report
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2
Acknowledgement
I am indebted to my guide Dhananjay V. Gadre for his valuable guidance
imparted to me from time to time during the preparation of this project entitled Electronic
Attendance System for Educational Institutes . His invaluable guidance for the subject
further added to my inspirations in this field.
(Chandralekha)Registration no.12020C Level, DOEACC.
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4Certificate of the Company/ Organization (for direct Candidate)
This is to certify that the project entitled Electronic Attendance System for
Educational Institutes is a bonafide work done by Mrs. Chandralekha (DOEACC
Registration No.12020) in partial fulfillment of C Level examination and has been
carried out under my direct supervision and guidance. This report or a similar report on
the topic has not been submitted for any other examination and does not form part of
any other course undergone by the candidate.
Date: Dhananjay V. Gadre
Place: New Delhi Asstt. Professor, ECE Division,NSIT, Sect.3, Dwarka,
New Delhi 110075,India.http://ece.nsit.ac.in/website/dvgadre
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Table of contents
Contents: - Page
1. Acknowledgement II
2. Synopsis approval III
3. Certificate of the project guide IV
4. Certificate of the Company / Organization (for direct candidates) VII
Table of Contents VIII
5. Synopsis of the Project. XII
6. Main Report
6.1 - Objective & Scope of the Project 1
- Motivation 2
- Attendance Marking 3
6.2 - Theoretical Background 5
- Why alternative is Microcontroller 5
- Embedded Systems 7
- Process Models 8
- Prototyping 9
- Incremental Process Models 10
6.3 - Definition of Problem 14
6.4 - System Analysis & Design vis--vis User Requirement 14
- Current attendance system 14
- Suggested System 15
- SDLC Model to be chosen 16- Simulation 18
6.5 - System Planning (PERT Chart) 19
- Legends shown in the EASEI PERT chart 20
- EASEI PERT chart - Critical Milestones 20
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- EASEI PERT chart - Critical Milestones with 21
Non critical tasks and Milestones
6.6 - Methodology adopted, System Implementation 22
- Details of Hardware used 24
- Details of Software used 25
- Increment #1 26
- Definition of Problem 26
- System Analysis & Design vis--vis User Requirements 26
- Methodology adopted, System Implementation 29
- Regarding Communication Protocol between PAD and PC 30
- Integration and Testing 32
- Feedback (Analysis) 33
- Increment #2 35
- Definition of Problem 35
- System Analysis & Design vis--vis User Requirements 35
- Implementation 37
- Integration and Testing 38
- Feedback (Analysis) 39
- Increment #3 41- Definition of Problem 41
- System Analysis & Design vis--vis User Requirements 41
- Schematics of the Hardware 43
- Implementation 44
- Atmega644 Microcontroller 44
- Description of USART 46
- Data Flash At45DB041B 52
- Real Time Clock 59
- PCD8544 LCD 63
- Serial Peripheral Interface 68
- Integration and Testing 73
- Feedback (Analysis) 73
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- Further Issues 73
6.7 - System Maintenance & Evaluation 74
- Versioning 75
- Software Maintenance 76
- Reusability 77
6.8 - Cost & Benefit Analysis 78
6.9 - Detailed Life Cycle of the EASEI Project 82
- Entity Relationship Diagrams 82
- Dataflow Diagrams 87
- Activity
Diagram - showing Workflow Analysis of 96
users in different roles according to their mode values
- Data Base
PAD 97
- Simulator
Data Base Pad2 99
- Data
Dictionary 100
- Referentialintegrity between the primary keys and foreign 104
keys among the relational tables.
- Finally
revised Communication Protocol between PAD 106
and the PC
- State
Diagrams 109
- Input and
Output Screens 112
- Processes
involved 142
- Methodology used for testing 146
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- Test Reports 147
- Unit Testing 147
- Integration Testing 148
- State-Based Testing 152
- Validation Testing 155
- Regression Testing 157
- System Testing 159
- Printout of the Reports 160
- User/ Operational Manual including security aspects, 169
access rights, back up, controls, etc.
- Printout of the Code Sheet C - 1
Annexure - 1 Brief background of the organization where the student A - 1
has developed the project.
Annexure - 2 List of abbreviations A - 4
Annexure - 3 References A - 5
Annexure - 4 Website A - 5
Annexure - 5 Soft copy of the project on CD / Floppy A - 6
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5
PROPOSAL/SYNOPSIS FOR PROJECT
1. Name/ Title of the Project - ELECTRONIC ATTENDENCE SYSTEMFOR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES.
2. Statement about the Problem - There are many Engineering Colleges in Delhi
University. Presently there is manual attendance system in these colleges. Attendance of each
student is, recorded in the attendance register by the lecturer. Lecturers compile various
attendance reports of their students some times manually and some times on their PC through
EXCEL. This often generates different type of inconsistencies in various formats and values in
the attendance. It is also time consuming. For this, some times lecturers find it difficult to
concentrate on their actual job of teaching at the peak time of studies. College Administration
found that there is a great requirement to have some centralized automatic electronic
attendance system with the help of some electronic device.
3. Why is the particular topic chosen - Problem is Novel. Of course it is an automation
of attendance system. But in this system, administration of the Institute has desired to do this
automation where one has to use some electronic device for taking attendance. Device should
be capable enough to upload and download the attendance information by the lecturer in
his/her PC. It is totally an innovative idea not so far has been introduced anywhere. In other
countries there is no attendance system in schools and colleges. But, in India attendance
system is must everywhere. In Different companies, various companies use RFID card of
employee that touches the machine to store the attendance. But here Institute has desired to
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make a device, which should have enough memory and processing capability to store
attendance of at least 5 to 6 classes of 50 students each. It is a new thought to use such device
in automation of attendance system. Solution of this requires your imagination in the area for
making such device by assembling some pieces of hardware. I found the topic challenging one.
4. Objective and Scope of the project - The main Objective is to automate the students
attendance system with the help of an electronic device. Device should have the qualities such
as:
1) It could be a pocket size device which will remain with the lecturer,
2) It should have enough memory to accommodate attendance of 5 to 6 classes of at least
50 students each.
3) It should take attendance with real time clock storing time and date of each student of a
particular class.
4) Device should be capable to link with PC for uploading and downloading the
attendance information for managing automatic attendance system.
After receiving attendance information by the device, Automatic attendance system on the
PC will be able to generate various reports. E.g.,
1) Date wise Attendance of the student.
2) Class wise and student wise attendance report
3) Attendance summary of student for that year/ semester.
4) Monthly attendance reports.
5) Yearly/ semester wise attendance reports.
6) Letter to parents for short of attendance
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Consideration will be given to that software must be user friendly and easy for
authorized user to work. Every major activity of the system will be treated as a separate
module, containing menu for selecting corresponding options to perform respective job.
Scope Automation of the students attendance system with the help of electronic device shall
enable the Institute to have
Increase efficiency in system and Reduce time in doing various jobs.
Reduce redundancies and inconsistencies of data, information.
Proper coordination of related information.
Security for accessing the information.
Will improve concentration of doing actual job of teaching to students at the peak time
of studies.
Will also help the Institute in maintaining proper discipline for students.
Will help the administration in projecting the information crystal clear and thus help in
deciding rightly for the Institute and students.
Further scope of such system increases its sphere if this experiment becomes successful. Its
qualities can be its simplicity and flexibility of downloading and uploading of attendance while
handling the automatic attendance system and then generating desired reports easily by PC.
For this, electronic device has great functions to do. This can be of interest to other educational
institutes also.
5. Methodology - The total methodology is divided in three parts.
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1) There will be an independent piece of hardware, which will work as that pocket
attendance device (See block diagram given below). This electronic device will contain a
microcontroller chip along with real time clock. Software will be written in C and cross
compiled for the microcontroller to be used in the application. Device should upload students
and class information, once in a year/ semester. It will input daily attendance
of students in real time clock.
Process will display name, roll
number of each student of a
particular class one by one. As soon
as Lecturer inputs attendance of first
student, it will scroll and display
name, roll number of next student
for attendance and so on.2) Daily attendance will be downloaded to PC regularly. Uploading of student and class
information from PC will be done once in a year/ semester as mentioned above by this pocket
attendance device. This all will be done by the authorized user only.
3) Centralized software of Students attendance system will run on PC with VB.NET
front-end. Microsoft Excel will be enough to work as back-end. We dont require SQL server
as back-end as it is not very big database in size. There are not more than some thousands of
students in the college. This will be cheaper and easy to manage. System will be able to
generate various types of daily, monthly, yearly and summary reports of attendance of
students.
An overview of process flow is shown with the help of two levels of DFDs. Context
Level DFD is showing all inputs coming to the system and all outputs going out from the
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system. It is an overview of the system. 1 st level DFD is displaying process flow showing how
data flow from start to end.
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Context Level D.F.D
1st Level D.F.D.
ElectronicAttendance
SystemsFor
EducationalInstitutes
Pocket AttendanceDevice (PAD)
Employee
Lecturer/Administration
User
Upload student, class information
Download daily attendance
Grant Permission User Info
Student and class Information
Other letters/ Reports
Summary Reports
Yearly attendance
Monthly attendance
Date wise attendance
Pocket AttendanceDevice (PAD)
User Master
Student attendance
User_Info
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Some switches to handle the working of the device.
RS-232 interface between the device and PC.
2) One Pentium processor with inbuilt coprocessor (Graphics Accelerator). 8GB of hard
disk will be enough.
It must require at least one serial port to connect the PC with attendance electronic
device. We cannot use USB port as it is complex in computation and it is costly.
At the minimum 128 MB RAM.
SVGA VDU
Laser printer to print the various attendance reports.
Tools : C language, Microsoft VB.NET, Microsoft
Excel,
Platform : Microsoft Windows version 2000/ XP
The requirement mentioned above is needed to execute the software with better
performance and high resolution.
7. What contribution would the project make - 1) Top level System design.
2) Actual system implementation by
keeping in mind, the economics of the
project. This includes choosing
appropriate microcontroller and
peripheral components.
3) Verification of design on simulation.
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4) Building a prototype of the
hardware.
5) Writing control software for the
hardware and its testing with the
hardware.
6) Implementation of the PC software.
7) Overall Integration of the system.
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