Five Major Text Structures Basic question to answer first: What is a structure? Imagine your story...
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Transcript of Five Major Text Structures Basic question to answer first: What is a structure? Imagine your story...
Five Major Text StructuresBasic question to answer first:
What is a structure?
Imagine your story as a building.
Text Structures = the way that the details of the story are “arranged” or
“built”
1. Sequencing• Definition: details told as a sequential chain
of chronological events. One event does not directly cause a second event to occur.
• Key words: sequence words such as “first,” “second,” “third,” “next,” “then,” “finally…”
• Example in words:– The sequence of brushing your teeth:
• First you get the brush • Next you add some toothpaste• Then you put water on the brush…
First you take the peanuts and you smoosh ‘em, you
smoosh ‘em…
Then you get the bread and you cut it, you cut it…
Then you get the jelly and you spread it, you spread it…
Then you get the peanuts and you spread ‘em, you spread ‘em…
Peanut, Peanut Butter and Jelly!
• Example in Pictures…
• Example in graphic organizer:
1
2
3
2. Description• Definition: the details of the story are arranged
to depict something – to create a mental picture.
• Key words: for example, looks/tastes/feels like, any vivid adjectives
• Example in words:– “Its trunk was but a wizened arm, its branches
bony fingers grasping vainly at the winter sky.”– “… a quivery head, rabid eyes, a dragon's stare,
distended belly, hands like talons ready to tear… what else does it all present but a monster?”
• Example in Pictures…
• Example in graphic organizer
item to describe
What it sounds like
What color is it
How big it is
What it tastes likeWhat it feels like
How long it lasts/ lives
Where it comes from
Where you can find it
3. Compare-Contrast
• Definition: two or more things are being compared to show how they are similar and contrasted to show how they are different.
• Key Words: similarities, differences, put side by side, distinction, like, unlike
• Example in words:– Baseball is different from soccer in that players may
touch the ball with their hands while in soccer they cannot.
– Basketball is similar to soccer in that the objective is to move a single ball into a goal.
• Examples in pictures
one eyebrowtwo eyebrows
very tall
very small
• Examples in graphic organizers:
Pros Cons
Venn DiagramT-Chart
4. Cause-Effect• Definition: when one event causes another
to happen. The result of the first is the effect.
• Key Words: so then, led to happen, began, because
• Example in words:– Because Herbert asked his parents for a new
xBox, he received one for his birthday. – Since Missy didn’t study for her algebra test,
she completely failed. Because she completely failed, her mother grounded her forever and ever.
Because Mrs. Scott slipped on a banana peel…
…she then had a broken leg and had to wear a cast…
… which led to her having to quit the swim team.
• Example in Pictures:
• Example in graphic organizers
caused…so then…
THIS THATTHIS
5. Problem-Solution
• Definition: a story which begins with a problem and ends with a solution. The solution is not necessarily happy.
• Key Words: conflict, resolution• Example in words:
– A man contracts a strange Nile River disease and in the end, he takes antibiotics and survives.
– A girl sees a painting being stolen, and by the end of the story, has figured out whodunnit.
Problem: flat tire
• Example in pictures:
Solution: pump it up
• Example in graphic organizers: