Fishes of Idaho NOTES€¦ · (Ictaluridae) Catfishes 6 Species in Idaho • Popular Species:...
Transcript of Fishes of Idaho NOTES€¦ · (Ictaluridae) Catfishes 6 Species in Idaho • Popular Species:...
FishesofIdaho
Mr.WalkerVertebrateZoology
(Clupeidae)HerringsFamily
AmericanShad(Alosasapidissima)• MostpopularspeciesinIdaho:
– AmericanShad(Alosasapidissima)
• Location:TheywerestockedintheBearRiver, Idaho
• UniqueCharacteristic:Shadsandherringsaresoft-rayedfisheswithlarge,silveryscalesandunusuallyasaw-toothedbelly.Usedasfoodfishesforfisheries.
FamilySalmonidaeTrouts,salmons,whitefishes,
andgraylings18SpeciesinIdaho:• Mostpopularspecies:
– Rainbowtrout(Oncorhynchusmykiss)
– Cutthroattrout(Oncorhynchus clarkii)
– BrownTrout(Salmo trutta)– Steelhead(Oncorhynchus
mykiss)– Brooktrout(Salvelinus
fontinalis)
OtherSalmonids
• Location:TheyarefoundthroughoutIdaho.SuchastheSnakeRiver.
• UniqueCharacteristic:thepresenceofanadiposefinandapelvicappendage.Threeupturnedcaudalvertebraeformthebaseofthecaudel fin.
WhitefishandGraylings
(Cichlidae)Tilapia
3SpeciesinIdaho• Popularspecies:
– Convictcichlid(Archocentrusnigrofasciatus)
– Mozambiquetilapia(Tilapiamossambica)
– Redbelly tilapia(Tilapiazilli)• Location:LittleLostCreek,Barney
HotSprings,Idaho• UniqueCharacteristic:asingle
nostrilopeningoneachsideofthehead(vs.twoopeningsincentrarchids)andthepresenceofadiscontinuousortwo-partlateralline.
(Poecilliidae)Guppys andMosquitofish
4SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– EasternMosquitofish(Gambusia holbrooki)
– Guppy(Poecilia reticulata)
• Locations:SnakeRiverbelowShoshoneFalls
• UniqueCharacteristics:asmall,live-bearingfish,isdullgreyorbrownincolorwithnobarsofbandsonthesides,andhasaroundedtail.
(Ictaluridae)Catfishes
6SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– ChannelCatfish(Ictaluruspunctatus)
– Blackbullhead(Ameiurusmelas)
• Location:AmericanFallsReservoir,BrownleeReservoir,CJStrikeReservoir,CascadeReservoir,CoeurD'AleneLake,CraneCreekReservoir,HaydenLake,HellsCanyonReservoir,LakeLowell,LakePendOreille,MannLake,MudLake,PaddockValleyReservoir,PriestLake,SalmonFallsCreekReservoirandSpiritLake.
• UniqueCharacteristics:Whisker-likebarbels ontheirheads.
(Gadidae)Codfishes
1SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– LingBurbot (Lota lota)• Location:InIdaho,Burbot are
nativeonlytotheKootenaiRiver,wherethepopulationhasdeclinedsincetheconstructionofLibbyDam.
• UniqueCharacteristics: eel-likeappearance,roundtail,andasinglebarbel (whisker)protrudingfromtheirlowerjaw.
(Petromyzonidae)Lampreys
1SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:Pacific
Lamprey(Lampetra tridentata)• Location:StreamsandRivers
thatreturntothePacificOcean.
• UniqueCharacteristic:apredaciousparasitethatfeedsoffoflivefish.Lampreyshaveacircularsuction-cupmouththatislinedwithhook-liketeeth.
(Cyprinidae)Minnows
17SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– CommonCarp(Cyprinus carpio)– UtahChub(Gilaatraria)
• Locations:Locatedinlakesandstreamsthroughoutthestate.MudLakehastheUtahChub.
• UniqueCharacteristics:cycloidscalesandsoftfinrays.Thepelvicfinsaresituatedbehindthepectorals.Havepharyngealteeth.
(Percidae)Perches
2SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– Walleye(Sandervitreus)– YellowPerch(Perca
flavescens)• Locations:Reservoirs
throughoutthestate.RirieReservoirhasYellowPerch.
• UniqueCharacteristics:Spinyrayedfishhavingctenoid scales.Pelvicfinsforwardonthebody.
(Esocidae)Pikes
3SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– Muskellunge(Esox masquinongy)– NorthernPike(Esox lucius)
• Locations: CoeurD'AleneLake,LakePendOreille,DworshakReservoir,CrookedRiver,CascadeReservoir,CJStrikeReservoir,AmericanFallsReservoir,BearLake,LakeWalcottandPriestLake
• UniqueCharacteristics:Elongatesnout(Likeaduck).Elongatedbodyanddorsalfinsituatedfarbackonthebody.
(Cottidae)Sculpins
9SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– Mottledsculpin (Cottus bairdii)– BearLakesculpin (Cottus extensus)– NEWCedarSculpin (Cottus
schitsu’umsh)• Locations: itisfoundintheSnake
RiverandtributariesaboveShoshoneFalls,theBearRiverbasin,andtheClearwaterandSalmonRiversandsomeoftheirtributaries.
• UniqueCharacteristic:Spinyrayedfisheswithasuborbital“Stay”intheskull,aposteriorextensionofthethirdsuborbitalbone.Coldwaterriffledwellers!
(Acipenseridae)Sturgeons
1SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– Whitesturgeon(Acipensertransmontanus)
• Location:intheSnakeandKootenairivers.
• UniqueCharacteristics:Sturgeonshavecartilaginousskeletonswithapersistentnotochord,aprotractiletube-likemouth,andsensorybarbels ontheundersideofthesnout.Whitesturgeonsarelargefisheswith11to14dorsal,36to48lateral,and9to12ventralscutes (bonyplates).
(Catostomidae)Suckers
6SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– Utahsucker(Catostomousardens)
– Bluehead sucker(Catostomusdiscobolus)
• Locations:StatewidelocationsincludingtheSnakeRiver.
• UniqueCharacteristics:bottom-dwellingfishwithaninferiormouthwhichenablesthemtofeedfromthesubstrate.
(Centrarchidae)Sunfishes
7SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– LargemouthBass(Micropterussalmoides)
– Bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus)– BlackCrappie(Pomoxis
nigromaculatus)• Locations:Statewidein
reservoirs.SmallmouthBasscanbefoundinRirie Reservoir.
• UniqueCharacteristics:Spinyrayedfisheswithadorsalfinmadeofaspinyandsoftportion.
(Percopsidae)Troutperches
1SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– Sandroller(Percopsistransmontana)
• Location:theClearwaterRiver
• UniqueCharacteristics: TheyaretheIdahospeciesoffishwithaadiposefinlikeatroutandroughscaleslikeaperch.
(Cobitidae)Weatherfish
1SpeciesinIdaho• PopularSpecies:
– Orientalweatherfish (Misgumusanguillicaudatus)
• Location:thelowerBoiseandPayetteriversandassociatedirrigationditches.
• UniqueCharacteristics:Thesefishcansurviveoverthewinterinde-wateredditchesbyburyingintothemud,andemergingagainthefollowingspringafterthewateristurnedbackon. Theoriginofthenameweatherfish isduetotheirhabitofrespondingtochangesinbarometricpressurebybecomingveryactiveandswimminginrapidcirclesjustbeforemajorweatherchanges.