Firth - Introduction to Malinowski's Diary

7/23/2019 Firth - Introduction to Malinowski's Diary

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/firth-introduction-to-malinowskis-diary 1/18



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I have a lw ays

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t

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hed, w ith the deliberate aim of re-

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s

ly weighing the

matter,

I reached the conclusion

that

i

t

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decision to pub lish th is book.

M

e

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.

What

th en is

its

significance? M alinow ski was a

great

soci

a

l

s

c

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sec tion covers his

apprenticeship period

am ong

t

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e

M

a

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u

;

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h

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r

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ic

h

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P

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K

a

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r

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y

f

r

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n

d

s

o

f

M alinow ski,

and to J6zefa

Stuart

his eld

e

st

d

a

u

g

h

t

e

r

fo

r

a

d

v

i

c

e

o

n

t

h

i

s

I

n

t

ro

d

u

c

t

io

n

.

T

h

e

y

h

a

v

e

,

o

f

c

o

u

r

s

e

,

n

o

r

e

s

p

o

n

s

i

b

i

l i

t

y

fo

r

t

h

e

o

p

i

n

i

o

ll

5

e

x

-

p

re

s

s

e

d

h

e

r

e

.



I

l l

In

trodu

ctio

n

ch

rono

logic

ally

very

b

r ie f ,

an

d al

thou

gh g iv in

g no

gr

eat am

ount

o

f d e ta

il o n

p ro f

ess io

n a l m

atte

rs, th

e diar

y d

oes

indic

ate vi

vid ly

how

M alin

ows

ki tho

ught

ab

out is

sues

an

d abou

t p

eople

--or

at

least how he expressed him self when he was writing on ly for him

self

as a

udien

ce.

M alin

ow sk

i cam

e to

be

in Ne

w G u

inea

thr

ough

h

is as

socia

tio

n w ith

B

ritis

h

anth

ropol

ogy.

Wha

t led

_him

to

this m

ove

so

f

ar f ro m

Po

land

, his

n ativ

e c

ountr

y, is n

ot

now

ful

ly b

own

.

But des

p ite

his

ofte

n unkin

d co

m m e

nts

upo

n Engl

and a

nd Eng

lis

h ge

ntlem

en,

~ ~ 1

~ Q

alw tty

s to

havf

.. l. a ~ I

c _ E e ~ _

f o

r the

ng

lish intelJ

.( ctu

al t r

~ d i t i

o n an

d ~ h ~

n g l i

W

J..Y

of

life

,

a

nd

it

se

ems

likely

that

eve

n

at

t

hat

earl

y

perio

d of h

is c

areer

he

w

as

attra

cted

to

bo th .

(N

ote h

is r

evea

ling

desc

ripti

on

of

M ac

h iav

elli i

n th

is di

ary a

s ver

y

like

me

in m

any r

e spec

ts .

n

E

nglis

hma

n, w i

th

an

entir

ely Eur

opea

n

ment

ality

and

E

urop

ean p

roble

ms.

)

H

e

him

self

h

as

t

o ld

us h

ow, w

hen

at

the

(

Jag

iello

nian

) U niv

e rs i ty

of

C raco

w , h

e

had be

en o r

d ere

d

to

ab an

d o n

for a

tim e

his p

hysi

cal an

d che

m ica

l re

searc

h beca

use

of ill-

h ealt

h , bu

t wa

s all

owed

to f

ollow

u

p a fav

orite

si

delin

e

o

f study

and

so

b eg a

n to

read

Fraz

er's

T

he o

lden

Bo

ugh in

the o

r ig in

a l

Eng

lish

vers

ion-

then th

ree v

olum

es on

ly .*

M al

i

now

ski h

ad

o b ta i

n ed

his P

h.D

degr

ee in

1

908 in

p hy

sics

.and

m ath

em at

ics , a

nd a

fter

two

ye

ars of a

dvan

ced stu

dy

a

t

L

eipz

ig

he

c a ~ e

to

~ o n ~ o n

a11d

began his sy s tem a tic stud ies of

anthro

p o lo g

y w

ith

C. G

Selig

m an an

d E

dwa

rd W

e

sterm

arck

,

a

t- th

e

L o

ndon

Sch

ool

of E

cono

m ics

and

Po

litic

al Scie

nce.

He

also

*For

this

and

o

ther

de

tails

see B

. M

a l i n o

w s k i ~ Myt

h

in Pri

mitive

Psy

-

ch

ology L

ondon

, 19

26,

pp. 5-6

; a lso

R

aymon

d Fir

th in Man

a

nd Cu

lture

Londo

n,

1957,

pp.

2-7;

K

onstan

tin Sym

m ons-

Sym on

olew i

cz,

Bro

nislaw

M al

inow s

k i:

Fo

rmativ

e

In

fluenc

es and

The

oretic

al Ev

olutio

n, T

he P

olish

Re

view

Vol.

IV, 195

9,

pp. 1-28

, N

ew Y

ork. A

few f

urthe

r

facts

appe

ar

in

A

Brief History

(1913-1963)

of

the

Department

of

Anthropology

of

the

L

ondo

n Sch

ool

of E con

om ics,

publ

ished in

th

e dep

artme

ntal

prog

ramm

e

of c

ourses

, sessi

on 196

3-64

an

d

su

cceed

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.



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.

O

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of

Malinowski s

outstanding

contributions

to

the de

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l

i

X V

ntroduct

ion

sea

rch than

had

previousl

y been cur

rent m

his subj

ect.*

T

he

many

reference

s

to

his

ethnograp

hic work i

n his diary

show hi

s

indust

ry. The day

afte

r his ar

rival in N

ew Guinea

he

had

c

on

t

acted an

informa

nt (A

huia Ova

),

a

nd the next day

h

e began

col lec

ting field data

on s

ocial

st

ructure.

O

nly a fortnigh

t lat

er

he

noted tw

o basic de

fects in h

is

ap

proach-h

e di

d

not

obs

erve

the

people

enough, a

nd he did

not

sp

eak their lan

guage . Bo

th of

these h

e tried ha

rd

to

c

orrect, and

his endea

vor

w

as• the

clue

to

all

his

la

ter

work. The

ethnogra

phy of

the

dia

ry

consists

of

re

ferences

to subje

cts

of talk

or o

bservati

on-taboo

,

bur

ial

rites,

s tone axes

, black m

agic, dan

cing, proc

ess ion wi

th pigs

-rather

tha

n d

evelopme

nt of idea

s

a

bout

field quest

ions or theor

etical

pr

oblems. B

ut

an

occ

asional no

te shows

these beh

ind the sc

ene.

I asked about

the d

ivision of

land. It w

ould have

been use

ful

to

find out abo

ut the

old syste

m of divis

ion and t

o study tod

ay's as

a f

o rm of

a

daptation

. ~ s

n

early

n d i c

t ~ o n o

f

an i

nterest

in s

ocial cha

nge which

l

t . ~ r

d e v e l

o p e ~

i

nto

a major

theme in

his

work . What

the f i

rst

diary

does show

is Malin

owski 's k

een de

sire to ge

t his early

materi

al

w

ritten up

as so

on as pos

sible

f

or

pub l i

ca t ion , and in

fact

his

repor

t

on The Natives

of

M

ailu w a

s

ready befo

re the mid

dle

o

f 1915.t

One i

s led

to

in

fer that it

was

in

the c o ~ : . S . ~ L ' Y

t i i 1 K ~

~ ~ i ~ I I l l

~ ~ f _ ( ~ i ~

f ~ c t a ~

I ~ ~ r k e

d

out

m y notes )

that

Malinowsk

i

c

m ~ to

perceive

the sign

ifi

cance of man y

points

of field m ethod which he

later

developed

and

i n c o r p o ~ a

t ~ d ~ ; ; t ~

i i ~

i ~ ~

; t ~ ~ ; ; t .

The Trobr

iand

acco

unt is

more vivid-t

he ch

oosing of the

s i te for t

he tent

, the m

eet ing

wi th

old acqua

in tances ,

including

the chief

To'u

luwa,

a

nd th

e

man

who u

sed

to

bring

me egg

s, dressed

in

a lady'

s nightgo

wn ;

S

ee Phy

llis Kaberry, in Man

and

Culture,

1957,

pp.

71-91.

See

bib

liographica

l refer

ence in introductio

n

to Index of Nati

ve Term

s

infra. Ma

linowski's pr

eface was

dated June 9t

h,

1915, from Samar

ai, when

he

had

alre

ady begun

his seco

nd exp

edition to

N

ew

Guinea.

(He

received

the D

.Sc. degree from

th e U

niversity of Londo

n in

1916 for this pub

lica

tion together w

ith The F

amily

Among th

Austr

alian

Abori

gines.



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escape into a

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on



ntroduction

occasion, and they have

rarely

been better

expressed

than

m

his

diary.

Some emotions, no doubt, have been

expressed

more -

olently by Malinowski than they would be f e l t ~ o r

at

least

,

s ta ted-by

other

anthropologists.

Most

fieldworkers

at

some

time

have

been

bored by

their own inquiries, and have been con

scious of frustration and exasperation against even

their

best

friends in

the

field. Few

may

have been willing to admit this

even to themselves.

Few perhaps except those

as

highly strung

as Malinowski have

cursed

the people they were studying as

heartily as he did.

Yet

this revelation

of

a darker side of the

relation

of an anthropologist

to

his

human material

should

not

mislead us. Malinowski

often

used equally violent language

about

other groups and

persons,

European

and American.

He

had to

explode to get his

irritations

out of his system and it was almost

a point

of honor

with him

not

to repress his feelings or curb his

tongue.

This also should not obscure from

us

Malinowski's own

appreciation of his Trobriand friendships,

of

which the

diary

also makes mention. Few anthropologists too would be prepared

to write with Malinowski's freedom, even as he did

for

his own

eyes alone, of their sensual

lusts

and feelings,

or

to

engage in,

much less set down, such ribald

gestures

as singing to a W agner

melody

the

words

Kiss my

ass to chase

away

flying witches

.f:s_ ~ ~ ~ I : _ ~ g : : p ~ e r , M.a li;n_Q:w:ski stoQd s()mewhat _JJ :p_).rt

from the

government

officials, missionaries, and traders who con-

. •

.-

• - •.. r•··--·

.

•.- • - • · •

' < ' -

, - ~ • · •

,, ,.. _

_

, , . _

• • • • •• ' • •• - - · ••• '• ' •

.

' • •

siJtJJted the w h i t e o c i e t y -in .New . Guinea_

at

.thAi tjme. Conse-

quently, we get from him new and sometimes unexpected

shafts

of light, though only

in

passing, upon

personalities

known

usually to us only from more formal literature. His thumbnail

sketch of

the now almost legendary figure of Sir Hubert

Murray,

the lieutenant governor

and

apex of the official

pyramid,

seems

to me

very

apt, though his remarks about some

other

acquain

tances, including Saville, the missionary who helped him, may

be less just. t

IS

significant that Malinowski's capacity for

l

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Firth - Introduction to Malinowski's Diary

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Transcript of Firth - Introduction to Malinowski's Diary