First Aid. Duties of a First Aider. Course Objective “To ensure you leave here with an awareness...
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Transcript of First Aid. Duties of a First Aider. Course Objective “To ensure you leave here with an awareness...
First Aid
Duties of a First Aider.
Course Objective
• “To ensure you leave here with an awareness of the basics of First Aid and improved confidence to help if someone is in need of assistance.
Objectives of First Aid
• Preserve life.• Prevent further injury/condition deteriorating.• Promote recovery.• Follow the principle of doing no further harm..
Preserve Life
• D
• R• S
• A
• B
• C
Danger.
Response.Shout for help!!
Airway.
Breathing.
Circulation• Control bleeding..
A First Aider Should
• Stay calm.• Take charge.• Ensure safety-self and casualty.• Reassure and listen to the casualty.• Make good use of bystanders..
Airway
• Clear and Open
Breathing
• Look listen and feel for a maximum of 10 seconds for normal breathing..
Circulation
• If normal breathing is present circulation is also present.
• Check for and control major bleeding
Signs
– Bleeding.– Bruising.– Swelling.– Deformity.– Vomit.– Noisy breathing.– Alcohol..
The Recovery PositionUsed for an unconscious casualty who is breathing.• It:-
– Prevents the tongue from blocking the throat.– Aids drainage
Passing on Information
• Should include:-– Casualties name-address.– History of what has happened.– Description of injuries.– Unusual behaviour.– Treatments given.– Record of breathing, pulse and level of
consciousness..
Basic Life Support
• Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (C.P.R)
• 100 - 120 Per minute.• 5 cm.• 30 Compressions• 2 Ventilations.• Note, if done 100% correctly this only provides a maximum of 30% normal cardiac
output..
Final Thoughts
• If you start C.P.R the patient may, or may not, be successfully resuscitated. If you do not start their chance of survival will diminish by 20% per minute.
• Don’t let your C.P.R skills get rusty-a friends life may depend on them..
Assessing the Level of Consciousness
• A -• V -
• P -
• U -
ALERT
VOICE
PAIN
UNRESPONSIVE
Bleeding
• External.– Arterial Bright red and spurts.– Venous Dark red and can pool.– Capillary Oozing.
• Internal.– Possibly bruising-not always visible.– Suspect when the signs and symptoms of shock
develop..
Types of Wound
• A
• G
• C
• L
• I
• P
Abrasion.
Gunshot.
Contusion.
Laceration.
Incision.
Puncture..
Abrasion
Gunshot
Contusion
Laceration
Incision
Puncture
Arresting External Bleeding
• A.B.C’s.• Sit casualty down.• Quickly examine the
wound-gloves!.• Apply direct pressure
and elevate.• Apply a sterile
dressing-max of two.• Rest and reassure.• Treat for shock..
Pressure Points
• A site where an artery crosses a bone.
• Used if direct pressure does not control the bleeding.
• Apply pressure for a maximum of 10 minutes before slowly releasing..