Redtrain Parent First Aid - Paediatric First Aid for Parents
First aid
Transcript of First aid
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What is FIRST AID ?
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FIRST AID IS….
A matter of Common Sense
Application of mind
Swift Response
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DEFINITION
First AID is the help given to a person in case of SUDDEN INJURY or SICKNESS so that the INJURY/SICKNESS does not AGGRAVATE FURTHER and due to swift action further DETERIORATION is checked, same condition is maintained & recovery promoted till the arrival of Medical Help.
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SCOPE OF FIRST AIDFrom the definition four things are apparent :
PREVENT further deterioration
PRESERVE in the same condition
PROMOTE recovery
To arrange for regular Medical AID
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METHOD OF FIRST AID
Diagnosis
Treatment
Disposal
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PRIORITIES OF FIRST AID
Check BreathingCheck Blood lossTreat Shock
Treat FractureLook For Simple InjuriesDisposal
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CHECK BREATHING
Can Hear It
Can Feel It
Can Observe It
(Normal Person Breathes 15-18 Times In One Minute)
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ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
Mouth To Mouth
Mouth To Nose@ 10 Breaths Per Minute
& Check Pulse
Give 2 ventilations if there is no breathing
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CHEST COMPRESSION(Give 30 Compression if there is no Circulation)
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RECOVERY POSITION (In case of unconscious casualty)
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FRACTURE
Any Breaking, Bending, Dislocation or Cracking of Bone is called Fracture.
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FRACTURE : SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Pain
SwellingTenderness
Loss of PowerDeformityUnnatural Movement
Irregularity
Crapitus
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FRACTURE TREATMENT Make The Patient ComfortablePrevent Any MovementCheck BleedingTreat for ShockImmobilize the LimbGive SupportTransportation.
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WOUNDS Any cut in the outer surface of the body is a wound or impairment in the blood vessels.
Wounds are of two types:
OPEN
CLOSED (mostly head injuries)
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WOUNDS TREATMENT
LAYDOWN THE PATIENT OR ASK HIM TO SIT DOWN
LIFT THE LIMB IF POSSIBLE
APPLY PRESSURE – ON THE WOUND - ON PRESSURE POINT
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WOUNDS TREATMENT
In the case of INTERNAL BLEEDING:
APPLY COLD FORMULATIONS
APPLY TOURNIQUET (All precautions)
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BURNS & SCALDSBurn is an injury to the body by excessive heat or excessive cold.
Burns : Dry Heat (fire, flame, metal, sun, electricity etc and friction
Scalds : Moist Heat (steam, boiling water, milk, tea, oil etc)
ChemicalBurns : Acids : H2SO4 , Nitric Acid, Hcl
Alkalis : Caustic Soda, Potash, Ammonia or quick lime
Gases : Liquid O2 or Nitrogen
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BURNS & SCALDSMANAGEMENT
Reassure the patientClean wrap the woundCover the woundWash with fresh waterKeep the patient warmKeep hands above the heart & feet elevatedKeep the face prop & observe continuouslyCold pack may also be applied (not excessive cold)Do not remove clothingDo not break blistersTreat for shockMove quickly to hospitalRemove ring, watch, bangles, belt & bootsCan give weak soda & salt solution if patient is conscious and not vomiting.
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BURNS & SCALDSFOR MINOR BURNS
Clean the AreaSubmerge in waterGive soda & salt solutionCover DryWarm drinksWash well for chemical corrosive burnsCan also neutralize and diluteRemove contaminated clothingWash the face/eye sidewaysNo rubbing of eyes
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POISONPoison is any such thing which after coming into contact or entering the body is capable of causing harm or leads to death
It can be:
Accidental orIntentional
Can enter the Body:
Through mouth (solid or liquid)Through skin (injection or sting etc)Through nose (gases or toxic fumes)
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POISONTREATMENT
Call the doctor immediatelyKeep samples, if possible, of poison, bottle, box or vomitIf Unconscious
-Do not induce vomiting-Keep the patient in recovery position-Artificial respiration, if needed
If Conscious-Give enough water to drink-Do not induce vomiting if acid, alkali or any other chemical is taken-Induce vomiting in other cases
(a) By luke warm salty water(b) By irritating tongue/throat
Give antidote if availableKeep the patient warm
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SIMPLE INJURY Disinfect the wound
Wash with water
Cover with any clean thing
Don’t apply any lotion except diluted mercurochrome Tincture Iodine etc.
Use disinfectant sprays if available
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FIRST AID BOX
Large : 17 ½” x 10” x 6 ½”
Medium : 16” x 7 ¾” x 4”
Small : 5” x 3 ½” x 2 ½”
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FIRST AID BOX
Equipment
CONTENTS
DressingsMedicine for Local Application
Medicine for OralApplication
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FIRST AID BOX
Safety Pins
Equipment
ScissorsPad & Pen
Measuring Cup
TorchSplints
Bamboo Sticks
Cotton Wool
Dressings
Sterilised DressingsEye PadAdhesive PlasterRoller BandagesTriangular BandagesGauzeBand-aidsStretch Bandage
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FIRST AID BOX
Savlon/Dettol
For Local Application
Eye drops/OintmentTincture Iodine
Tincture Benzoin
Iodex etc.
Salt
For Oral Application
Sugar
Sodamint
Aspirin(250-350 mg.)
Medicines
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EYEFOREIGN OBJECTSLOCAL INJURYBLEEDINGS
– Internal – External
Over exposureAny inflammation or infection
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DONT’S
DO NOT RUB THE EYES
DO NOT PANIC
DO NOT USE ANY MEDICINE
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DO’S
KEEP CALM
REMOVE FOREIGN OBJECTS IF POSSIBLE
GIVE COLD COMPRESS IN CASE OF INTERNAL BLEEDING
WASH THE EYE WITH FRESH WATER FOR
– ANY CHEMICAL BURN– SMALL FOREIGN OBJECT
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TRAFFIC SIGNAL
Stop, look, listen, look again, look again.Stop, look, listen, look again, look again.Then cross the road with SAFETY on your brain!Stop, look, listen, look again, look again.
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TRAFFIC LIGHTS
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STOP
READY
GO
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Hand Signal – Police
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TRAFFIC LIGHTS(Pedestrian Go)
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TRAFFIC LIGHTS(Pedestrian stop)
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Traffic warning signals
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