Fire safety

FIRE SAFETY FOR SCHOOLS

CHEMISTRY OF FIREFire is a chemical reaction in which the

substance(fuel) combines with oxygen and heat giving rise to fire

Fire Triangle

• combines with oxygen and he

OXYGEN

FUEL

HEAT

FIRE IS A CHEMICAL REACTION

FUEL + O2 Heat CO2 + CO

IF ANY ONE OF THREE IS REMOVED ,THE FIRE IS IMPOSSIBLE

HEAT

CHAIN REACTION

OXYGEN FUEL

AT ALL TIMES, PREVENT THE COMPLETION

OF THE CHAIN

REACTION FOR AVOIDING

THE FIRE

GROWTH OF FIRE

• INCIPIENT STAGE - NO VISIBLE SMOKE

• SMOKING STAGE- VISIBLE SMOKE

• FLAME STAGE – FLAME STARTS, SMOKE INCREASES

• HEAT STAGE- UNCONTROLLABLE HEAT , LARGE AMOUNT OF SMOKE ETC.

Classification of Fire

Ordinary Combustible Material

*PAPER,*WOOD,

*PLASTICS ETC.

* OIL

* PETROLEUM

* SOLVENTS

* GREASE

* PAINTS

Combustible Liquids

* L.P.G

* Hydrogen Gas

* Gaseous Substance Under Pressure

Gases

* Sodium

* Potassium

* Flammable Metals

Metals

How to extinguish fire?

STARVATION

STARVATION

* REMOVE FUEL

* VACATE PEOPLE

BLANKETING

* CLOSE THE AIR ENTRANCE

* TRAP THE SMOKE

* MAINTAIN THE SAME FOR SOME TIME

COOLING

COOLING

* CONTROL THE FLOW OF HEAT& THE CHAIN REACTION BY POURING WATER OR ANY OTHER COOLING MEDIUM

Fire Extinguishers

EXTINGUISHING MEDIA• CLASS A (PAPER ,WOOD)- WATER, ABC

POWDER, CLEAN AGENT GAS

• CLASS B (OIL) - FOAM,CO2,DCP,CLEAN AGENT

• CLASS C (GASES) - WATER ,DCP,CO2,CLEAN AGENT

• CLASS D (METAL) - SPECIAL POWDER

1) WATER TYPE a) SODA ACID TYPEb) STORED PRESSURE TYPE

2)FOAM TYPE

3)DRY CHEMICAL POWDER TYPE

4) CARBON DI-OXIDE TYPE5)LIQUIFIED GAS(CLEAN AGENT) TYPE

PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS

IS 2878 - 1986

How to use Fire

Extinguishers?

Remember the acronym PASS:

How to Use a Fire Extinguisher

PullAimSqueeze

Sweep

Pull the pin…


This will allow you to discharge the extinguisher

Aim at the base of the fire…


Hit the fuel. If you aim at the flames...… the extinguishing agent will fly right through and do no good.

Squeeze the top handle…


This depresses a button that releases the pressurized extinguishing agent.

Sweep from side to side…


.. until the fire is completely out. Start using the extinguisher from a safe distance away, then slowly move forward.

Once the fire is out, keep an eye on the area in case it re-ignites.

FIXED FIRE FIGHTING INSTALLATIONS 1. FIRE HYDRANT SYSTEM 2. WATER SPRINKLERS SYSTEM 3.AUTOMATIC FIRE DETECTION SYSTEM

5.AUTOMATIC FIRE ALARM SYSTEM

How will you come out of the room?

If you are trapped in smoke or heat

Coming out of the room in fire/smoke

What precaution will you take after coming

out of the room to contain fire?


Stuff the cracks around doors with towels, rags, clothing or tape, and

cover vents to keep out smoke

Precaution after coming out of the room

· If feasible, call fire department to tell your exact location.

· Open window but do not break it. You may need to close window if smoke rushes in.

· Wait at a window and signal for help. Do not panic or jump!! WAIT!

· Be patient. Rescuing all the occupantsof a building can take several hours.

If coming out of room not feasible

What will you do if your cloths catch fire?


What to do if your clothing catches fire

How will you enter into the room to rescue

someone?


How will you enter into the room to rescue someone?1. Touch Door Handle whether it is hot2. Touch Door Frame whether it is hot3. Take your position on opposite side of

the flow of fire/smoke4. Open door slightly only (If it is hot then

with wet cloth or any thick cloth)5. Use any stick or any other object to

open door fully by staying on the side opposite to the flow of fire/smoke

6. Let smoke, flames come out of the room

7. If required, do some fire fighting8. Cover your face with wet cloth9. Now enter into room by crawling10.You may take second rescuer help, if

available, by tying guiding rope for any help during emergency.

How will you rescue someone lying unconscious

in the room?

Rescuing someone lying unconscious

Fire safety

Health & Medicine

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