FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

PREFACE

The First Edition of this Manual was issued by the Calcutta Fire Insurance

Association in 1906 and was brought up-to-date and re-issued in 1930. The

third, fourth and fifth Editions were published jointly by the Insurance

Associations of India and Pakistan in 1948, 1950 and 1953 respectively to

provide for the needs of the whole of the areas controlled by these

Associations. The subsequent sixth, seventh and eighth Editions were

published by the Fire Sectional Committees of Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi and

Madras Regional Councils of the Insurance Associations of India. In the

ninth Edition published in 1982, amendments and additions were effected to

bring the provisions in line with current thinking on fire protection

techniques and to encourage installation of fixed fire extinguishing

appliances/alarm systems in relatively low hazard risks on the one hand and

tighten requirements for design of systems suitable for high hazard risks

such as Petroleum Refineries, Petrochemical and Fertiliser Plants on the

other hand, which, world-wide experience has indicated, need copious

quantities of water and other extinguishing media. In this tenth Edition an

effort has been made to further update and streamline the regulations.

The Manual should prove of value to factory owners and their technical

personnel when dealing with matters relating to fire extinguishing

appliances and also constitute a handy book of reference to Insurance

officials.

The maintenance of fire extinguishing appliances in an efficient state and

familiarisation with all details of operations is essential if the maximum

benefit is to be derived in the emergency of an outbreak of a fire.

The Manual incorporates long experience of fire protection engineering

both in India and elsewhere in the world. Compliance of the rules will not

only obtain appropriate discount in the fire insurance premium but will also

instil feeling of security that the presence of an efficient fire-fighting

equipment should engender. Direct loss from fire and the resultant wastage

is always serious but the indirect loss and the resultant dislocation of

business is often much more serious.

The Regional Offices of Tariff Adv. Committee maintain an inspection staff

of qualified engineers, specialists in fire protection and prevention

engineering and practice in all its aspects. The services of this staff are

available to make recommendations and carry out inspections in keeping

with the nature of work. (All references to Committee or staff thereof in this

preface and in the body of the Manual apply to the Committee controlling

the territory within which the risk is situated).

The Manual initially deals with portable appliances and small bore hose

reels, which are considered as first-aid appliances. The regulations

regarding trailer pumps are covered next. The last part is devoted to fixed

external protection in the form of a hydrant system which is considered the

backbone of the entire fire-fighting operations as it fights fires of serious

proportions in all classes of risks and continues to do so even in the event of

a collapse of the buildings/structures protected. High-rise buildings which

have become a common feature of modern society present inherent fire

hazard as fire brigades are often helpless in the face of fires in such

structures and are unable to save human lives and fight fires effectively

with traditional methods. A separate section has, therefore, been devoted for

prescribing the specialised type of protection required by these structures.

In case it is desired to install any appliances, which are not covered by this

manual, assistance and advice may be obtained from the inspection staff

maintained by the Regional Offices.

Wherever reference to any Indian Standard appears in this Manual, it

should be taken as a reference to its latest version.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

FIRE PROTECTION MANUAL

REQUIREMENTS REGARDING SUBMISSION OF PLANS:

Plans for submission to the Committee shall be drawn up in accordance

with the following requirements: -

1.1. Plans shall be clear, contain all required details including scale

and point of Compass and shall be dated.

1.2. Plans of new installations shall show the entire Compound; all

buildings therein, with their door and window openings, and

the boundary walls. Buildings under construction and future

extension envisaged shall be indicated by dotted lines. Plans

of extensions to approved existing installations need not show

the rest of the compound but sufficient details shall be given

of the existing installations in correlation to the extension, to

enable the Committee’s Inspection Staff to check the plans

and offer comments. In case of storeyed buildings, drawings

submitted shall include plans of each storey together with

sectional elevations. The locations and details of fire access

staircases together with the arrangements of hydrants on their

landings shall also be shown. Further, a Table showing ‘List

of Blocks’ protected as per Committee’s rules should be

given.

1.3. Material: Plans shall be on White paper or Ammonia paper or

Ferro Prussiate paper.

1.4. Plans shall generally be prepared in accordance with IS: 696,

shall not exceed 850 x 1200 mm in size and shall be drawn to

a scale not exceeding 1:500 or 1:1000. In the case of very

large compounds with more than one risk, it is advisable to

submit separate plans for each risk with a key showing the

relative situation of the various risk etc. in the compounds.

1.5. Signs -

1.5.1 Pucca walls to be shown by double lines, doors and

windows being clearly marked.

W D

1.5.2 Iron or other non-masonry walls to be shown by a thin

line and nature of Construction indicated.

1.5.3 Perfect Party Walls (PPW) to be indicated by the sign

‘T’ at each end of the wall, or have the letters ‘PPW’

alongside or across them at regular intervals and marked

in distinctive colour.

1.5.4 Fireproof doors and/or Shutters to be marked as follows -

Single Fireproof Door and/or Shutter ‘SFD’

Double Fireproof Doors and/or Shutters ‘DFD’

1.5.5 Elevated fire service tanks to be shown hatched and their

capacity and height of base above the highest roof to be

stated.

N.B. In case of multipurpose elevated tanks, the capacity

reserved for sprinkler installation to be indicated instead

of the total capacity.

1.5.6 Sky lights to be marked ‘Sky Lights’ or " SL".

1.5.7 Boiler to be shown by a rectangular figure marked

‘Boiler’.

1.5.8 Hydrant Mains to be shown by a red line; the diameter,

length and number of pipes being marked alongside and

specials and reducers to be clearly indicated.

BOILER

. . . . . mm ǿ LENGTH OF ___ M EACH

1.5.9 Hydrant Heads to be shown by red circles not less than 3

mm in diameter and marked ‘SH’. Double Hydrant to be

indicated by double circles and marked ‘DH’.

1.5.10 Water Monitors to be shown by a circle with an oblique

arrow through it and marked, “WM”

WM

1.5.11 Cut-off valves to be marked/drawn across the mains.

1.5.12 Sprinkler and Hydrant pumps to be clearly marked and

the capacity and head to be indicated in each case.

1.5.13 Pump(s) suction piping to be shown dotted and diameter

indicated.

1.5.14 Surface fire service Water tanks and reservoirs to be

shown to scale and average depth indicated.

1.5.15 Sprinkler trunk mains to be shown by a blue line, the sizes

being marked alongside.

. . . . . . mm Ǿ SPK MAIN

1.5.16 Fire alarm bells to be shown by blue circles and marked

‘FAB’.

ð F.A.B

1.5.17 Sprinklered blocks to be marked ‘S’ S

1.5.18 Oil, solvent, acid and other chemical tanks to be drawn to

scale and suitably marked.

1.5.19 Open storage areas to be clearly shown by hatched

outlines and marked ‘Open Storage Site for’.

1.5.20 Electric cable(s) for the fire pump(s) to be shown in green

line(s)_________________

* * * * * * * * *

2. PROCEDURE TO BE FOLLOWED IN THE CASE OF

APPLICATION FOR DISCOUNTS:

2.0 The sanction of discounts off insurance premiums shall

necessarily follow consideration by the Regional Office (TAC) all

details of the risk including manufacturing processes involved and

the protective appliances to be installed in order to ensure that the

Standards laid down have been fully observed. To prevent

confusion or disappointment, definite rules for procedure have

been laid down as follows: -

2.1 Proposals for the installation of appliances shall be submitted

to the Regional Office (TAC) by the Leading Office on the

risk and shall comprise-

2.1.1 Material specifications of equipment and components of

the installation, indicating the name of manufacturers,

Standards/Specifications and name of approving

authority, if any.

2.1.2 In the case of internal appliances, details of the areas of

the various compartments, their occupation and the

quantities and types of appliances proposed.

2.1.3 In the case of sprinkler and hydrant installation, fully

dimensioned plans in duplicate as called for in Item 1.

2.1.4 In addition to the above, the following details would be

necessary in the case of hydrant installation -

a) (I) Drawings showing layout of the entire hydrant

system, incorporating type of joints, details of pump

and its prime mover. Another table giving the details

of single headed and double headed hydrants,

internal hydrants, fire escape hydrants, no. of hose

pipes (15 m and 7.5 m length) and branch pipe with

nozzles including 10 % spares, mode of distribution

of those pipes and total equivalent no. of hydrants

should be included. There should be a table showing

the percentage of various pipe diameters used in the

systems.

a) II) Typical sectional elevation drawing showing the

height, dimensions etc. of the stand post for single

headed hydrant, double headed hydrants, monitors

specifying diameter of nozzle, riser mains and

landing valve of riser mains of FEH, Cut-Off valve

chambers in plan and elevation should be

incorporated.

a) III) In case of blocks having upper floors, separate

upper floors plans showing the locations, fire escape

hydrants (FEH) and staircases, sectional elevational

drawings of the escape staircase; Riser main and

location of landing valve of FEH should be

submitted, preferably along with, civil construction

(architects) drawings of individual blocks

N.B. In the case of storeyed blocks, floor area of each

floor, with particulars of fire proof shutters of

fireproof door and nearest machinery, wired glass

windows etc. to be marked.

b) Layout of pump house showing clearly the suction,

delivery and priming (if any) arrangements along

with full scale drawing of pump, motor, diesel

engine, DG Control panel, MCC for electric driven

pumps, Valves etc.

c) Details of water storage tanks giving particular of

compartmentation and jack-well, details of inflow

and particulars of tapings for other purposes, if any

with water reservoir capacity RCC or steel lined or

un-lined, combined process water or exclusive fire

water reservoir should be given.

d) Sub-station location in relation to other blocks if the

pump is electrically driven. If the substation is

attached to any other building, the details of

segregation from adjoining buildings, indicating

transformer room, LT, HT, location of change-over-

switch, DG Room etc.

e) Plans of Sub-Station showing thickness of internal

walls and equipment layout along with single line

schematic diagram of the pump from the main

substation to the “Fire Pump room” along with

tapping, circuit breaker and switch fuse units.

f) Route of cable from Sub-Station to fire pump house.

g) Schematic circuit line diagram showing power

supply inside the fire pump room.

h) Legend explaining the various symbols used shown

should be given.

2.2 Discounts will be considered only if all hand appliances and

their accessories as well as all components of hydrant,

sprinkler and other fire protection systems are of a type and

make, approved by the Tariff Advisory Committee.

2.3 No discounts will be considered for a sprinkler or hydrant

system unless the same has been hydraulically tested with

trenches open atleast once during the course of installation by

the Committee's Inspectorate, and found in order. Further, site

engineer of the Installing Contractor should maintain progress

record with “protocol” duly signed by representative of the

client and him.

2.4 The prior submission of proposals to the Committee before

the work is commenced, is essential, to ensure that the

installation will conform to the Committee’s requirements but

does not dispense with the procedure laid down hereafter for

application for the sanction of discounts.

2.5 Application for discounts shall be submitted on special forms

provided for the purpose by the Committee and shall

comprise:

2.5.1 Application by the Leading Office (Appendix I)

2.5.2 Guarantee by the Insured (Appendix II)

2.5.3 Schedule of Appliances (Signed by Insured)

(Appendix III)

2.6 In every case, a plan of the premises prepared in accordance

with the requirements indicated in 1.1 to 1.5 shall

accompany any application for a discount for fire

extinguishing appliances and, in the case of sprinkler

and/or hydrant installations, Installing Engineers’ detailed

'As Erected’ working drawings are essential.

N.B. A Certificate of Completion from the installing

Engineers stating the pressure to which the installation(s)

has been subjected and giving the date(s) from which it was

in complete working order should also be submitted.

Further, progress record with protocol duly signed by

client, installing contractor and/or project consultants

should be submitted.

2.7 Even in the case of extensions to an existing service, a

complete set of forms and plants detailed in 2.5 and 2.6

above shall be submitted.

2.8 Applications, which relate to discounts for appliances other

than hydrants, shall also be accompanied by a plan of the

premises showing the layout and distribution of appliances.

2.9 No application for discount can be entertained until the

relative appliances are complete, in position, ready for use

and fully operative. An appropriate discount or allowance

will be sanctioned by the Committee from the date of the

completed application, (in accordance with 2.5 and 2.6

above) subject to the appliances being found in order on

inspection by the Committee’s Inspectorate. In the event of

the installation being found incomplete or defective, the

discount will be with held (or withdrawn if already

notified) until the detects have been rectified to the

satisfaction of the Committee.

2.10 No allowance shall be made for Fire Extinguishing

Appliances until notified by the Committee either by letter

or circular, and then, with effect only from the date

specified in such notification.

2.11 Discounts sanctioned solely on account of installation of

internal appliances will be valid for a period of four years

only; hence fresh applications, accompanied by the report

of the Engineers of the Insurance Company (as per

Appendix IV) shall be submitted every four years.

2.12 Proposals for the installation of appliances not specifically

covered by these rules shall first be submitted to the

Committee for approval.

2.13 Offices and the insured are requested not to change block

numbers as this naturally affects the Committee’s records

and causes confusion. If block numbers have to be

changed, the Committee shall be notified at once.

2.14 Discounts sanctioned for installation of appliances shall

normally stand withdrawn in the event of a strike or

lockout in the premises for duration of seven days or more.

For this reason, it is imperative that the Committee be

apprised as soon as a strike or lockout is declared.

* * * * * * * *

3. COMMITTEE'S INSPECTION STAFF:

3.1 The Committee undertakes, as far as possible, the periodical

inspection of all premises in which fire extinguishing appliances,

entitling the risk to special discounts or ratings for such appliances,

are installed.

For this purpose, the Committee’s Inspection Engineers shall have

the right of access to the premises of the Insured at any time with

or without giving any prior notice.

3.2 The Primary duty of the Inspectors is to report to the Committee on

the condition and efficiency of the appliances installed as well as

to ensure the regulations are being observed. They will, however,

give help and advice in the maintenance of the appliances and on

matters pertaining to fire protection and prevention.

3.3 The attention of the Inspecting Engineers shall be drawn, during

their visits, to any changes effected since the previous inspection

or to any contemplated extensions and alterations to the existing

services. This procedure does not, however, dispense with the

necessity of advising the Insurance Company or Companies

interested on the risk of any changes, which affect the plan of the

risk or the details of the appliances, recorded with Committee.

* * * * * * * * *

4. INTERNAL APPLIANCES -

4. Internal appliances generally consist of hand appliances (first aid

appliances) and hose reels.

4.1 HAND APPLIANCES -

4.1.1 GENERAL –

4.1.1.1 Hand appliances comprise buckets and

extinguishers.

4.1.1.2 ALL APPLIANCES INCLUDING EXTINGUISHER

REFILLS AND FOAM COMPOUND SHALL BE IN

CAPACITIES INDICATED IN THE RELEVANT INDIAN

STANDARDS SPECIFICATION AND SHALL BEAR ISI

CERTIFICATION MARK. (Accessories including

extinguisher refills shall also be ISI marked) BUCKETS

SHALL BE OF ROUND BOTTOM TYPE.

4.1.1.3 The usefulness of these appliances is limited, as it is entirely

dependent upon the presence of persons having knowledge to

operate them. Everything depends, however, on the speed

with which they are brought into use as they are essentially

‘First-Aid’ equipment, only meant for attacking small fires in

their incipient stages and are not intended to deal with large

outbreaks of fires.

4.1.1.4 Since a variety of shapes and/or methods of operation of fire

extinguishers can at times lead to confusion and as failure to

operate the extinguishers properly in the first instance results

in failure to quench the fire, it is recommended that

extinguishers installed in any one building or single

occupancy be similar in shape and appearance and have the

same method of operation as far as possible.

4.1.1.5 It is recommended that an indicator board showing the

number of buckets and extinguishers installed in each

department be provided over or near the main entrance to the

department. This will enable the person in charge of the

appliances to ascertain at a glance if any appliances are

missing.

4.1.1.6 It is advisable to provide conspicuous location indicators of a

suitable type for all extinguishers, particularly those located in

large compartments.

4.1.2 SELECTION OF HAND APPLIANCES:

4.1.2.1 Various types of hand appliances are available but all are not

equally effective on all kinds of fires. For this reason, the

nature of contents of a building, the processes carried out

therein and the types of fires, which may occur, shall be taken

into consideration while selecting fire appliances.

4.1.2.2 The different types of fires and appliances suitable for use on

them are as under –

Class

Combustibles

Hand Appliances

A

Fires in Ordinary

combustibles (Wood,

Vegetable fibres, rubber,

plastics, Paper and the

likes).

Gas expelled Water

and Antifreeze type

extinguishers and

Water Buckets.

B

Fires in flammable

liquids, paints, grease,

solvents and the likes.

Chemical Extin-

guishers of Carbon

dioxide type and Dry

Powder type and Sand

Buckets.

C

Fires in Gaseous

substances under pressure

and liquefied gases.

Chemical Extin-

guishers of Carbon di

oxide and Dry Powder

type.

D

Fires in reactive

chemicals, Active metals

and the likes.

Special type of Dry

Powder, Extin-

guishers and sand

buckets

N.B - WHERE THE ENERGISED ELECTRICAL

EQUIPMENTS ARE INVOLVED IN A FIRE, THE NON-

CONDUCTIVITY OF THE EXTINGUISING MEDIA IS OF

UTMOST IMPORTANCE AND ONLY EXTINGUISHERS

EXPELLING DRY POWDER OR CARBON-DI-OXIDE

(WITHOUT METAL HORN) SHOULD BE USED. ONCE

THE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT IS DE-ENERGISED

EXTINGUISHERS SUITABLE FOR CLASS A, B AND C,

MAY BE USED SAFELY.

4.1.3 REQUIREMENTS OF HAND APPLIANCES -

4.1.3.1 Procedure -

The minimum number of fire extinguishers needed to protect a property

shall be determined as outlined below -

a) For any property, basic protection shall be appliances suitable for

Class ‘A’ fires, Since Class ‘A’ fires are of universal character.

The number of extinguishers shall be determined according to rule

4.1.3.2.

b) For occupancies where Class ‘B’ fires are anticipated, a suitable

number of appliances determined by rule 4.1.3.2 shall be replaced

by appliances as per table under rule 4.1.3.4.

c) For occupancies where fires of C & D types are anticipated, the

Committee may recommend appropriate extinguishers.

4.1.3.2 One 9-litre water/sand bucket shall be provided for every 100

sq. m of the floor area or part thereof and one 9-litre water

type extinguisher shall be provided to six buckets or part

thereof with a minimum of one extinguisher and two buckets

per compartment of the building.

N.B. In the case of Cotton Gin and Press factories, the supply

of hand appliances shall be doubled that indicated above.

4.1.3.3 Buckets may be dispensed with for occupancies other than

Cotton Gin and Press factories, provided the supply of

extinguishers is one- and-a-half times that indicated above in

case of Light Hazard Occupancies and double that indicated

above in case of other occupancies.

Note: For categorisation of occupancies refer rule 7.2

4.1.3.4 Acceptable replacements for water buckets and water type

extinguishers in occupancies where Class B fires are

anticipated.

Acceptable

replacement

WATER

BUCKETS

Water type

Extinguishers

For each 9 litre

Extinguisher

For one

bucket

For two

buckets

Dry Sand

1 bucket

3 bucket

---

Carbon-di-Oxide

Extinguishers (IS: 2878)

03 Kg.

09 Kg

09 Kg

Dry Powder

Extinguisher (IS: 2171)

02 Kg

05 Kg 05 Kg

(In one or more extinguishers)

Note- Any combination of the various appliances referred to

above may be employed.

4.1.3.5 For electrical equipments, it would be necessary to provide

extinguishers as under –

4.1.3.5.1 For rooms containing electrical transformers,

switchgears, motors and/or electrical apparatus only, not

less than two 2 Kg dry powder or carbon dioxide type

of extinguishers shall be provided within 15 m of the

apparatus.

4.1.3.5.2 Where motors and/or other electrical equipments are

installed in rooms other than those containing such

equipments only, one 5 Kg dry powder or carbon di

oxide extinguisher shall be installed within 15 m of

such equipments in addition to the requirement of rules

4.1.3.2 and 4.1.3.4 for this purpose, the same

extinguisher may be deemed to afford protection to all

apparatus within 15 m thereof.

4.1.3.5.3 Where electrical motors are installed on platforms, one

2 Kg dry powder or carbon di oxide extinguisher shall

be provided on or below each platform.

In the case of long platform with a number of motors,

one extinguisher shall be accepted as adequate for every

three motors on the common platform.

NB- the above requirement will be in addition to the

requirements of rules 4.1.3.2 and 4.1.3.4

4.1.3.6 If in the premises, fires of class C and D are also likely to

occur, the appropriate extinguishers and the number of such

extinguisher will be decided by the Committee, in view of the

special nature of occupancies.

4.1.3.7 Under special conditions, wheeled type of extinguishers may

be installed with the prior approval of the Committee.

4.1.3.8 The appliances shall be so distributed over the entire floor

area, that a person has to travel not more than 15 m to reach

the nearest appliance.

Example - The following example will illustrate the method

of determining the number of fire extinguishers required to

give adequate protection for a given property.

Risk: Light Engineering Workshop (Light Hazard).

Area: 315 m x 112 m. i.e. 35,300 sq. m.

Types of Fires:

i) Class `A' fire due to normal combustibles.

ii) Class `B' fire due to existence of Spray Painting

process and storage of flammable liquids.

Number of appliances:

i) Basic Protection -

353 Buckets and

59 Water type Extinguishers OR

90 Water types Extinguishers, if buckets are dispensed

with.

ii) For Class ‘B’ fires 2 Water type Extinguishers are

replaced by 2 Dry Powder Extinguishers.

iii) For electrical equipments 6 Dry Powder Extinguisher

are provided. Thus the final number of Extinguishers is:

Water type 88

Dry Powder type 08

Total 96

4.1.4 Selection of Sites for the Installation of Hand Appliances:

4.1.4.1 When selecting sites for hand appliances due consideration

shall be given to the nature of the risk to be covered.

Appliances shall be placed in conspicuous position and shall

be readily accessible for immediate use in all parts of the

occupancy. It should always be borne in mind while selecting

sites that hand appliances are intended only for use on

incipient fires and their value may be negligible if the fire is

not extinguished or brought under control in the early stages.

4.1.4.2 Generally, hand appliances shall be placed as near as possible

to exits or staircase landings. Wherever possible, advantage

shall be taken of normal routes of escape by placing

appliances in positions where they can readily be seen by

persons following the natural impulse to get out of danger. It

is not advisable to place appliances at the end of rooms remote

from exits unless they are necessary to cover a particular

hazard there.

4.1.4.3 Buckets shall be placed at convenient and easily accessible

locations either on hangers or on stands. In the case of textile

mills, it is strongly advised that a bucket be slung at the end of

each spinning and roving frame.

4.1.5 Maintenance of Hand Appliances:

4.1.5.1 General

4.1.5.1.1 It is important that hand appliances are always kept in

their proper positions and if temporarily removed for

repairs, are immediately replaced. In order to ensure

this, all concerns shall arrange to provide at least one

man, preferably a pump man, whose duty is to see that

the fire buckets are filled with water and the

extinguishers are in efficient working order and that all

appliances are in their correct positions.

4.1.5.1.2 It is recommended that in case the paint of any hand

appliance gets chipped off or gets faded; it shall be

repainted to prevent it from rust and corrosion.

4.1.5.2 Buckets:

4.1.5.2.1 Fire buckets shall not be used for any purpose other

than that for which they are intended, and shall always

be kept full of water/sand.

4.1.5.2.2 To prevent breeding of mosquitoes and to comply with

rules of local bodies, the water in fire buckets shall be

refilled every week and treated with sapon creosote or

phenyl in suitable quantities to just discolour the water.

4.1.5.2.3 All buckets shall be refilled with clean water or sand, as

the case may be, immediately after use.

4.1.5.2.4 Spare buckets to the extent of 10 % of the total number

installed on the premises, subject to a maximum of 50,

shall always be kept in store.

4.1.5.3 Extinguishers:

4.1.5.3.1 Spare charges to the extent of 10 % of the total number

of extinguishers installed, with a minimum of two shall

always be kept in stock for each type of extinguisher

and be readily available.

4.1.5.3.2 Once a week, the extinguisher shall be checked to

ensure that all movable parts are working properly, that

the plunger is in fully extended position, that the nozzle

is not obstructed in any way and that there is no leakage

of the extinguishing medium from the glands and

nozzles. The extinguishers shall be cleaned

superficially and the brass parts polished. The nozzle

outlet and vent holes in the threaded portion of the cap

shall be checked for clogging.

4.1.5.3.3 Once a month, extinguishers of the Carbon Dioxide

type shall be weighed. If the weight recorded for any

extinguisher is less than 90 % of the weight of the fully

charged extinguisher as marked on the body, the

extinguisher shall be sent for recharging.

4.1.5.3.4 Half the total number of water type of extinguishers and

one-fifth of the total number of Dry Powder

Extinguishers installed in the premises shall be

subjected to an operation test annually.

Advantage shall be taken of this test to impart training

in the use of extinguishers, to the staff employed on the

premises where the extinguishers are located.

N.B. Extinguishers, which have been used in a fire

during a period of six months preceding the tests, need

not be taken for testing.

4.1.5.3.5 Extinguishers installed in the premises shall be

subjected to a hydraulic test as specified in IS: 2190 and

at such intervals as laid down therein. Extinguishers

found leaking or distorted shall be rejected. Under no

circumstances shall such extinguishers be welded and

reused.

N.B. The hydraulic test shall be certified by the

manufacturer(s) of the appliance(s) or the factory Chief

Engineer or the Factory Fire OR SAFETY OFFICER or

the service contractors.

4.1.5.3.6 A record of the operation and hydraulic tests shall be

maintained, which shall be open to examination by the

Committee’s inspection staff.

4.1.5.3.7 The operating instructions of the extinguishers shall not

be defaced or obliterated. In case the operating

instructions are obliterated or have become illegible due

to passage of time, fresh transfers of the same shall be

obtained from the manufacturers of the appliances and

affixed to the extinguishers.

4.2 Small Bore Hose Reels:

(This sort of protection is not deemed suitable for

buildings/compartments containing electrical apparatus only or in

respect of buildings/ compartments in which flammable liquids are

stored and/or used)

4.2.1 HOSE REELS SHALL NORMALLY BE CONNECTED TO

THE GENERAL WATER SUPPLY PIPELINES OF THE

PLANT/PREMISES.

4.2.2 The number and distribution of hose reels shall be such that

the whole of each floor is protected and that no part of the

floor is more than 6 m. distant from a hose nozzle when the

hose is fully extended.

4.2.3 The hose reel shall be such as will enable not less than 22.5

litres of water to be discharged per minute through a nozzle of

not more than 6.35 mm. internal diameter.

4.2.4 Hose shall be of reinforced rubber not less than 19 mm. and

not more than 32 mm. internal diameter.

4.2.5 Hose lengths shall not exceed 36.50 m.

************

5. MECHANICALLY DRIVEN FIRE ENGINES AND TRAILER PUMPS

5.1 Application:

5.1.1 This method of protection will be accepted on its own merits for

the protection of blocks/facilities (other than open storage) in

light and ordinary hazard occupancies. Even in these

occupancies buildings, which have the highest point of the roof

not exceeding 20 meters, shall only be deemed to be protected.

5.1.2 For effective application, mobile engines and/or trailer pumps

shall be sited at convenient locations from where they can be

speedily moved to any portion of the compound in the event of a

fire and for this purpose adequate vehicular arrangements shall

be available for towing trailer pumps.

5.2 Personnel:

In order to qualify for recognition, a fire fighting squad in

accordance with rules 7.9.1 to 7.9.10 shall be maintained on the

premises round the clock.

5.3 Equipment:

5.3.1 Trailer pumps and motor fire engines shall comply with the

relevant Indian Standards Specification or equivalent foreign

specification and carry the requisite number and type of fittings

and accessories specified in such standards. Besides, each trailer

pump shall be provided with 12 lengths of 15 m long hosepipes

of 63 mm diameter and six branch pipes with nozzles of 18 mm

diameter. For each motor fire engine, eighteen hosepipes each 15

m long and 63 mm diameter and nozzles of 18 mm shall be

provided along with nine branch pipes.

5.3.2 The capacities of individual trailer pumps and motor fire engine

shall not be less than –

Trailer Pump

30 litres per second at 5.6 kg./sq. cm.

Motor Fire Engines

30 litres per second at 7.0 kg./sq. cm.

5.3.3 The number of appliances required shall not be less than that laid

down hereunder -

a) Light Hazard

Occupancies

1trailer pump for every 7,000 m2 of

total built up area of protected process

and storage blocks subject to a

maximum of 3

b) Ordinary Hazard

Occupancies

1trailer pump for every 5,000 Sq. m. of

total built up area of protected process

and storage blocks subject to a max. 4

N.B. - One motor fire engine could be provided as substitute for

two trailer pumps. Portable fire pump sets (1,100-1,600 l/min.)

Can also be accepted treating such units as equivalent to one trailer

pump of 1,800 l/min provided these sets conform to IS: 12717-

1989.

5.3.4 For storeyed structures, in addition to the trailer pumps and/or

motor fire engines, dry risers of size conforming to N.B. 4 under

rule 7.5.10 shall be installed with hydrant outlets at each floor

level and double male instantaneous inlets at ground level to

serve as connections for the trailer pumps in the event of a fire.

The hydrants for the upper floors shall be installed on landings of

access staircases complying with rule 7.6.15 and a hose box

containing two lengths of hose of 7.5 m (or 25 ft.) each and one

nozzle shall be provided alongside each of the upper floor

hydrants. The number of risers per building and correspondingly

the number of access staircases shall depend on the floor area of

upper storeys and for this purpose the requirement of rule 7.6.15

shall apply.

N.B. Where it is not possible to fully comply with the provisions

of rule 7.6.15, reference shall be made to the Committee.

5.4 Water Supply:

5.4.1 The water supply to be drawn upon by trailer pumps or motor

fire engines shall be available in static tanks of at least 45,000

litres capacity so located that no part of a protected building lies

beyond 100 m. of the tank(s).

N.B. 1. In the case of storeyed buildings, the tank shall not be

more than 50 m. from any part of the building.

N.B. 2. Provision shall be made for indicating the capacity of the

tanks for various depths.

5.4.2 One static tank shall be provided for buildings with light hazard

occupancy and two for buildings with ordinary hazard

occupancy. (Tank shall be so located as to give easy access to the

fire brigade).

N.B. The same tank(s) shall be considered as the source of water

supply for all detached buildings where no part of the building(s)

lies beyond 100 m. of the tank. The above distance shall be

reduced to 50 m. in the case of storeyed buildings.

5.4.3 Double-headed hydrants or water plugs of 100 mm diameter

fitted to the pressurised general water service main of the

premises may be considered as an alternative to static tank

provided that:

a) The water-pressure constantly maintained in the main is not

less than 0.7 kg./cm2.

b) The size of the main is at least 100 mm.

c) For light hazard occupancy, one double- headed hydrant or

one 100 mm water plug is so located that no part of the

building is beyond 100 m thereof. For ordinary hazard

occupancy, two double- headed hydrants or two 100 mm

water plugs are located as above.

N.B. In the case of storeyed buildings, the above distance shall

be reduced to 50 m.

d) The pumping capacity of the general water supply is not less

than the aggregate pumping capacity of the trailer pumps

and/or motor fire engines.

e) The storage of general water supply is in excess of 1,00,000

litres.

6. HYDRANT PROTECTION OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS (NON-

INDUSTRIAL)

6.1 Introduction -

6.1.1 A building, the highest floor of which is more than 22 M above

the surrounding pavement level, shall be considered as a high-

rise building.

6.1.2 The rules are applicable to all types of buildings with non-

industrial occupancies such as Residential Hotels, Mercantile/

Business/Office buildings, apartments etc.

6.1.3 In case of Buildings situated in slopping terrain, reference shall

be made to the Committee in advance with full particulars.

6.2 Hydrant Protection (at ground or yard levels) -

6.2.1 The ground level protection with hydrants on terminal mains will

be acceptable, provided the plinth area of the building to be

protected is less than 750 m2. The location of the hydrants at

ground level as well as the layout of the hydrants system shall,

otherwise, comply with various provisions under Section 7 of

this manual.

6.2.2 In case of buildings having a plinth area in excess of 750 m2, the

location of the hydrants at ground level as well as the layout of

the hydrant system shall be governed by the appropriate

provisions under Section 7.6 of this manual. The Committee

reserves its right of insisting on water monitors in place of few

hydrants if deemed necessary.

6.2.3 Orifice plates of suitable design shall be provided in the landing

valves, where necessary, to limit the operating pressures within 7

kg/cm2.

6.2.4 Except where impracticable, all hydrant outlets shall be situated

1.0 m above ground level.

6.3 Hydrant Protection - at various upper/lower (basement) levels

6.3.1 Access staircase

6.3.1.1 Design for a new building shall include provisions for adequate

access staircases and lifts to provide efficient means of escape

and facilities for fire fighting.

6.3.1.2 One lobby approach staircase along with fire lift shall be

provided for every 1,000 m2

of floor area of each storey/level

(including basements). Normally a minimum of two such

staircases shall be required but in case the area of each storey is

less than 500 m2, one staircase is acceptable.

6.3.1.3 The lobby approach staircase shall be of non-combustible

construction. At least 50 % of total numbers of staircases

required (with a minimum of one) shall be so located that one

of their enclosing walls be an external wall of the building.

6.3.1.4 Doors at the entrances of both the lobby approach access

staircases and fire lifts shall be provided with self-closing,

smoke-tight doors having one-hour fire resistance. This

arrangement will enable escape and fire fighting to be effected

more efficiently.

NOTE: If the staircases and the fire lifts are located in the core

of the building, a positive pressure of 50 Pa or 20 Pa in excess

of pressure in the lobby whichever is higher, shall be

maintained within the former as an alternative to the above

provision.

6.3.1.5 The fire lifts shall be controlled by the fire brigade recall from

the concourse level and shall not respond to other calls after the

fire brigade key has been activated. The cable supplying power

to the lift motor shall pass through routes of negligible fire risk.

6.3.2 Wet Risers -

6.3.2.1 Wet riser(s) is/are a pipe or a number of pipes, permanently

charged with water under pressure, rising through the full

height of the building.

6.3.2.2 The wet risers shall be located within the lobby approach

staircases.

6.3.2.3 The diameter of the riser pipes shall not be less than 150 mm

anywhere. One or two landing valves shall be connected to the

riser pipe at each storey/level. In case of excessive pressures in

hydrant outlets at lower levels, orifice plates of suitable design

shall be provided in the landing valves, where necessary, to

limit the operating pressure to 7 kg/cm2.

6.4 Hose Pipes and Nozzles

6.4.1 Sufficient length of hose, subject to a minimum of two lengths of

15 M each with couplings attached, shall be provided for use in

case of each hydrant point on risers. In addition, one nozzle of

20 mm size fitted to a branch pipe shall also be provided. To

avoid water damage, it is advisable to have reinforced rubber-

lined hoses for use with internal hydrants. (IS-636)

6.4.2 The number of hose pipes provided near external yard hydrants

shall be such that no part of the floor is more than 15 M from a

hose nozzle when the hose is fully extended and connected to

hydrant landing valve.

6.4.3 Hoses, nozzles and branch pipes shall be kept adjacent to the

hydrant outlet, in wall boxes or recesses in the walls specially

designed to blend architecturally with the buildings, if so desired.

All other requirements relating to the appurtenances shall be as

per the provisions under Section 7.7 of this Manual.

6.5 Pumping Arrangements

6.5.1 Each wet hydrant installation shall be supplied with water by an

auto-start pumping set. A stand-by pump set of identical

pumping capacity having a different prime mover shall also be

provided.

6.5.2 Pumps shall have capacities of 38 Litres. per seconds (137 m3

per hour) or 47 Litres. per second (171 m3 per hour) and the head

generated at the rated discharge shall be such that a minimum

pressure of 3.5 Kg/cm2 will be available at the highest landing

valve in the premises.

6.5.3 The suction, delivery and priming arrangements for the pump

shall comply with provision under Section 7.4.1 of this Manual.

6.5.4 Jockey pump(s) shall be installed in addition to the main pump

set(s). The pressure setting for the pump(s) shall be such that it

cuts in approximately at 0.35 Kg/cm2 below the normal system

pressure and cut out at normal system pressure. The main fire

pump(s) shall be arranged to cut in approximately at 1 Kg/cm2

below the normal system pressure and shall be capable only of

manual shut down at churn pressure.

6.5.5 The power supply to the fire pump(s) shall be independent of all

other supplies within the premises. In other words even when

the power supply to the entire premises is switched off, the

supply to the fire pump(s) and other essential equipment shall

remain uninterrupted.

6.5.6 Pump room shall be normally located detached in the compound

of the building and shall preferably be 6 m away from the

building. Where it is not feasible the pump room can be located

inside the building provided it is segregated from the remainder

of the building in accordance with Committee’s regulations and

access to the pump room from the out side of the building shall

be either direct or through a passage which has no openings other

than to the pump room.

6.5.7 The pumping installation for the high rise installations shall

conform to anyone of the following methods to avoid

undesirably high pressures in the riser mains -

a) Two pumps, one having a low head connected to the riser

feeding the lower storeys and the other having a higher head

connected to the risers feeding the upper storeys, shall be

installed.

b) A multistage multi-outlet pump shall be installed, separate

outlets being connected to the riser feeding the lower storeys

and those feeding the upper floors. (See figure 1 and 2)

N.B. - For buildings over 60 M in height, hydrant system may

either be designed as above or may be divided into pressure

zones. For each zone the water supply for the fire protection

would be designed to have pressure within the normal operating

ranges and zones of eight to ten storeys would be adequate with a

check valve in each zone to prevent the transmission of pressure

to the zone below (each zone shall have a height of 20 m to 25 m)

In each zone of fire protection piping, there shall be a gravity or

pressure tank supply. This shall be supplemented by a fire pump

to provide required flow in the zone. The fire pump shall not be

used to fill gravity or pressure tank.

This should be filled from domestic water lines. In this

arrangement, the pump in the lowest zone takes suction from

suction tank located at ground floor whereas pumps in other

zones take suction from the gravity/pressure tanks in the

respective zone (See. Fig. 3)

N.B.1: - In addition to the above system, a gravity tank of 25,000

litres capacity shall be provided on the top of the building and it

shall be connected to the pump delivery through a non-return

valve.

N.B.2 - The pump controls can be located with the pump in each

zone. It can also be provided at the ground floor depending upon

the suitability and practicability of the particular building in

question.

6.6 Water Source -

6.6.1 Effective capacity of fire fighting tank (See rule No. 7.3) shall

not be less than 2 hrs. aggregate pumping capacity for buildings

less than 60 m in height. The tank capacity shall, however, be

increased to 3 hrs. pumping capacity for buildings having height

60 m and above. The tanks shall be constructed in two

independent but interconnected compartments as per rule 7.3 of

this Manual.

The fire tank must be in two compartments with a baffle wall in

between not going right down to the base of the tank. This

arrangement will ensure proper circulation of the firewater and

prevent stagnation. (See figure below).

6.6.2 The storage tank shall be provided with a 150 mm fire brigade

pumping connection to discharge at least 2,275 Litres per minute

into the tank. This connection shall not be taken directly into the

side of the storage tank, but arranged to discharge not less than

150 mm above the overflow level of the tank. The connection

shall be fitted with stop valve in a position approved by the

committee in advance. An overflow connection discharging to a

visible drain point shall be provided from the storage tank.

6.6.3 The fire brigade connection shall be fitted with four numbers of

63 mm instantaneous inlets in a glass fronted wall box at a

suitable position at street level, so located as to make the inlets

accessible from outside of the building. The size of the wall box

shall be adequate to allow hose to be connected to the inlets,

even if the door cannot be opened and the glass has to be broken.

Each box shall have fall of 25 mm towards the front at its base

and shall be glazed with wired glass with "FIRE BRIGADE

INLET" painted on the inner face of the glass in 50 mm size

block letters.

6.6.4 In addition to the emergency fire brigade connection to the

storage tank, a 150 mm connection shall be taken from the four

63 mm instantaneous inlets direct to each hydrant riser so that

the fire brigade may pump to the hydrants in the event of hydrant

pumps being out of the commission. The connection direct to

each riser shall be fitted with a sluice and reflux valve each.

6.7 Fire Fighting Staff

6.7.1 A fire fighting squad consisting of security and maintenance

personnel under the command of a trained fire chief, conversant

with the fire control system of the premises, shall be available.

Further, the public fire brigade shall also be acquainted with

what is being installed in the premises and how the protection

systems operate. For this purpose, details of the arrangements

for fire fighting systems and the layout plan incorporating the

position of the existing fire protection system shall be forwarded

to the local fire brigade for their information and necessary

action.

6.7.2 As the efficiency of the wet riser system depends on the manner

and speed at which they are brought into use, a squad consisting

of trained personnel and fire pimp man shall be maintained on

the premises round the clock. The number of personnel for the

squad shall necessarily depend upon the size of the building but

in no case shall be less than four trained persons (excluding

officer in charge on duty and pump man) be available at anytime

during the day or night.

6.7.3 A public address system shall be provided on each floor

including the control room in order to enable security and fire

fighting staff to give evacuation instructions to the occupants in

case of fire. Evacuation drills shall be arranged periodically.

6.7.4 A metal strip of 25 mm x 3 mm section shall be provided in the

staircase enclosure running throughout the height of the building

to facilitate transmission and reception of fire messages through

walkie-talkie sets used by brigade personnel. The strip shall be

electrically insulated from the ground.

6.7.5 A plan of the risk giving floor-wise details of all fire

extinguishing appliances and water supplied shall be displayed in

the pump house as well as in the room of the security/fire officer

who is in charge of the appliances.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * *

7. HYDRANT SERVICE -

Installation of Hand Appliances as per the Committee’s Regulations is

a prerequisite for any occupancy, other than storage occupancy, to be

entitled to allowance for this system.

7.1 GENERAL -

7.1.0 The following Regulations are not applicable to High-Rise

Buildings, the highest floor of which is more than 22 m above

the surrounding ground level or to Cotton Gin and Press

Factories, for which reference may be made to Sections 6 and 8

respectively.

7.1.1 A well designed and well laid hydrant service is the backbone of

the entire fire fighting equipment as it fights fires of serious

proportions in all classes of risks and continues to be in full

operation even if part(s) of affected buildings and/or structures

have collapsed, and also keeps cool all adjoining properties,

thereby minimising the exposure hazards.

7.1.2 The advantages of providing for possible future extensions in any

scheme of hydrant protection is often overlooked. A

comparatively small extension with its attendant friction losses

may overload a main so seriously as to necessitate replacement

by one of larger size and the small additional initial cost of mains

of somewhat larger capacity than immediate requirements may

call for, often leads to ultimate economy.

7.1.3 All components of the hydrant system shall be of a type and

make approved by the Tariff Advisory Committee.

7.1.4 The standards laid down in this Manual represent the

accumulated experience of many years but even when a hydrant

service is designed and laid in accordance with these standards,

its efficiency in fire fighting will ultimately depend upon the

rapidity with which it is brought into action and the ability with

which its effort is directed.

7.1.5 The maintenance of an installation is equally vital and the

importance of organised wet drills at regular intervals, which

ensure that each man carries out his allotted duties in the shortest

possible time cannot be too strongly emphasised. (Please see

rule 7.10 in this connection).

7.2 CLASSIFICATIONS OF OCCUPANCIES -

7.2.0 As the water supply, pumping capacity and other features of the

hydrant system depend not only on the size of the risk but also on

its fire growth and spread potentialities, the risks are to be

categorised under the following classes for the purpose of

hydrant system design:

N.B. For categorisation of occupancies not listed hereunder

reference shall be made to the Regional Offices.

7.2.1 LIGHT HAZARD OCCUPANCIES:

1. Abrasive Manufacturing Premises

2. Aerated Water Factories

3. Agarbatti Manufacturing

4. Aluminium/Zinc and Copper Factories

5. Analytical and/or Quality Control Laboratories

6. Asbestos Steam Packing & Lagging Manufacturers.

7. Battery Charging/Service Station

8. Battery Manufacturing

9. Breweries

10. Brick Works

11. Canning Factories

12. Cardamom Factories

13. Cement Factories and/or Asbestos Products Manufacturing.

14. Ceramic Factories and Crockery and Stoneware Pipe

Manufacturing.

15. Cinema Theatres (including Preview Theatres)

16. Clay Works

17. Clock and Watch Manufacturing

18. Clubs

19. Coffee Curing & Roasting Premise

20. Computer installations (Main Frame)

21. Condensed Milk Factories, Milk Pasteurising Plant and

Dairies.

22. Confectionery Manufacturing

23. Dwellings

24. Educational and Research Institutes

25. Electric Generating Houses (Hydel)

26. Electric Lamps (Incandescent & Fluorescent) and TV

Picture Tube Manufacturing.

27. Electric Sub-Station/Distribution Station.

28. Electro Plating Works.

29. Electronic and/or Computer Equipments Assemble and

Manufactures

30. Empty Containers Storage Yard

31. Engineering Workshops.

32. Fruits and Vegetables Dehydrating/Drying Factories.

33. Fruit Products and Condiment Factories.

34. Glass & Glass Fibre Manufacturing.

35. Godowns and Warehouses Storing non-combustible Goods.

36. Green houses

37. Gold Thread Factories/Gilding Factories.

38. Gum and/or Glue and Gelatine Manufacturing.

39. Hospitals including X-ray and other Diagnostic Clinics.

40. Ice Candy and Ice-cream Manufacturing.

41. Ice Factories.

42. Ink (excluding Printing Ink) Factories

43. Laundries.

44. Libraries.

45. Mica Products Manufacturing.

46. Office Premises.

47. Places of worship

48. Pottery Works.

49. Poultry Farms.

50. Residential Hotels, Cafes & Restaurants.

51. Salt Crushing Factories and Refineries.

52. Stables.

53. Steel Plants (other than Gas based)

54. Sugar Candy Manufacturing.

55. Sugar Factories and Refineries.

56. Tea Blending and Tea Packing Factories

57. Umbrella Assembling Factories

58. Vermicelli Factories.

59. Water Treatment/Water Filtration Plants and Water Pump

House.

7.2.2 ORDINARY HAZARD OCCUPANCIES:

1. Airport and other Transportation Terminal Building.

2. Areca nut slicing and/or Betel nut Factories.

3. Atta and Cereal Grinding.

4. Bakeries.

5. Beedi Factories.

6. Biscuit Factories.

7. Bobbin Factories.

8. Bookbinders, Envelopes & Paper bag Manufacturers.

9. Bulk Storage

10. Cable manufacturing

11. Camphor Boiling

12. Candle Works.

13. Carbon Paper/Typewriter Ribbon Manufacturers.

14. Cardboard Box Manufacturing.

15. Carpenters, Wood wool & Furniture Manufacturers.

16. Carpet and Drugget Factories.

17. Cashew nut Factories.

18. Chemical Manufacturing.

19. Cigar and Cigarette Factories.

20. Coffee grinding premises

21. Coir, Factories,

22. Coir Carpets, Rugs and Tobacco, Hides and Skin Presses

23. Cold storage premises.

24. Cork products manufacturing

25. Dry Cleaning, Dyeing, Laundries.

26. Electric Generating stations (other than Hydel)

27. Enamelware Factories.

28. Filter & Wax paper Manufacturing.

29. Flour Mills.

30. Garages.

31. Garment Makers

32. Ghee Factories (other than vegetable)

33. Godowns & Warehouses (others).

34. Grain and/or Seeds Disintegrating and/or Crushing

Factories.

35. Grease Manufacturing.

36. Hat and Topee Factories.

37. Hosiery, Lace, Embroidery & Thread Factories.

38. Incandescent Gas Mantle Manufacturers,

39. Industrial Gas Mfg. Including halogenated hydrocarbon

gases

40. Linoleum Factories.

41. Man-made Yarn/Fibre Manufacturing (Except Acrylic)

42. Manure and Fertiliser Works. (Blending, Mixing and

granulating only)

43. Mercantile Occupancies (Dept. Stores, Shopping Complexes

/ Malls)

44. Mineral Oil Blending and Processing.

45. Museums.

46. Oil & Leather Cloth Factories.

47. Oil Terminals/Depots other than those categorised under

High hazard A

48. Oxygen Plants.

49. Plywood Manufacturing/Wood Veneering Factories.

50. Paper & Cardboard Mills.

51. Piers, wharves, dockyards.

52. Plastic Goods Manufacturing.

53. Printing Press Premises.

54. Pulverising and Crushing Mills.

55. Rice Mills.

56. Rope Works.

57. Rubber Goods Manufacturing.

58. Rubber Tyres & Tubes Manufacturing

59. Shellac Factories.

60. Shopping Complexes (underground)

61. Silk Filatures and cocoon stores.

62. Spray painting

63. Soaps and Glycerine Factories.

64. Starch Factories

65. Steel Plants (Gas Based)

66. Tanneries/Leather Goods Manufacturers.

67. Tank farms other than those categorised under high

hazard 'A'.

68. Textile Mills.

69. Tea Factories.

70. Telephone Exchanges.

71. Theatres and Auditoriums

72. Tobacco (Chewing) and Pan-masalla Making.

73. Tobacco Grinding and Crushing.

74. Tobacco Redrying Factories.

75. Woollen Mills.

7.2.3 HIGH HAZARD OCCUPANCIES:

SUB-CATEGORY (A)

1. Aircraft Hangers

2. Aluminium/Magnesium Powder Plants

3. Bituminised Paper and/or Hessian Cloth Manufacturing

including Tar Felt Manufacturing.

4. Cotton Waste Factories

5. Coal and/or Coke and/or Charcoal Ball Briquettes

Manufacturing.

6. Celluloid Goods Manufacturing.

7. Cigarette Filter Manufacturing.

8. Cinema Films & T.V. Production Studios

9. Collieries.

10. Cotton Seed Cleaning or De-linting Factories.

11. Distilleries.

12. Duplicating and Stencil Paper Manufacturing.

13. Fire-works Manufacturing.

14. Foamed Plastics Manufacturing and/or Converting Plants.

15. Grass, Hay, Fodder & Bhoosa (chaff)

16. Pressing Factories.

17. Jute mills & jute presses

18. LPG Bottling Plants (Mini)*

* Bottling plants having total inventory not exceeding 100

MT of LPG and also bottling a total quantity of not

exceeding 20 MT of LPG per shift of 8 hrs.

19. Match Factories.

20. Man Made Fibres (Acrylic fibres/yarn making)

21. Mattress and Pillow Making.

22. Metal or Tin Printers (where more than 50 % of floor area is

occupied as Engineering Workshop; this may be taken as

Ordinary Hazard Risk)

23. Oil Mills

24. Oil Extraction Plants (other than those forming part of ghee

factories & oil refining factories.)

25. Oil Terminals/Depots handling flammable liquids having

flash point of 32o C and below.

26. Paints & Varnish Factories.

27. Printing Ink Manufacturing.

28. Saw Mills.

29. Sponge Iron Plants.

30. Surgical Cotton Manufacturers

31. Tank Farms storing flammable liquids having flash point of

32o C and below.

32. Tarpaulin & Canvas Proofing Factories.

33. Turpentine & Rosin Distilleries.

34. Tyre Retreading and Resoling Factories.

SUB-CATEGORY (B)

1. Ammonia and Urea Synthesis Plants.

2. CNG Compressing and Bottling Plants

3. Explosive Factories.

4. LPG Bottling Plants (Other than Mini)

5. Petrochemical Plants.

6. Petroleum Refineries.

7.3 WATER SUPPLY -

7.3.1 Water for the hydrant services shall be stored in an easily

accessible surface/underground lined reservoir or above ground

tanks of steel concrete or masonry. The effective capacity of the

reservoir above the low water level (defined hereunder), or above

the top of the pump casing (in case of flooded suction) if the

same is higher than the low water level, for the various classes of

occupancies and size of hydrant installations shall be as indicated

in the table 1.

NOTES –

1. The low water level is a point atleast three times the

diameter of the suction pipe above the draw-off point. (See

figs.4, 5 and 6)

2. Large natural reservoirs with water capacity exceeding 10

times the aggregate water requirements of all Fire Pumps

therefrorm may be left un-lined.

7.3.2 Reservoirs of and over 2,25,000 litres capacity shall be in two

interconnected equal compartments to facilitates cleaning and

repairs.

7.3.3 The size of the firewater sump shall be such that the smaller side

is at least equivalent to six times the diameter of the largest

suction pipe. The suction pipe (s) shall be located along the

central longitudinal axis of the sump and the positioning of the

pipes shall be such that no pipe is within a distance of twice its

own diameter from another suction pipe or from the wall of the

sump.

7.3.4 Where the Fire pump(s) draw water from the reservoir under

suction lift conditions the two compartments shall be connected

to a common sump through sluice or gate valves. The suction

arrangement of the Fire pump (s) shall be as indicated in rule

7.4.1.8, 7.4.1.9, 7.4.1.10 and 7.4.1.12 hereunder.

7.3.5 In case of dual purpose reservoirs catering to fire water and

general water requirements the general water pumps shall draw

their supply from a separate sump which shall be connected only

to the fire water sump, the interconnection being so located that

the effective quantity (as defined above) of water available in the

reservoir for fire water requirements below the level of the

interconnection is atleast equivalent to the quantities indicated in

Table 1. Incoming mains shall be connected to Firewater

Compartments and only overflow of firewater compartments

should go to process.

7.3.6 Where the reservoir provides positive suction for the fire

pump(s) in terms of the note under rules 7.4.1.11, tapping shall

be taken from both the compartments and shall be connected

through sluice valves to a common suction header. The pumps,

in turn, shall draw their suction from the common header through

sluice valves. In case of dual purpose reservoirs catering to fire

water and general water requirements, the tapping for the general

water pumps shall be taken at a higher level such that the

capacity of the reservoir between the low water level as defined

heretofore (or the top of the fire pump casing in case it is higher

than the low water level) and the general water tapping is at least

equivalent to the requirements indicated in Table 1.

TABLE - 1

NATURE OF RISK

CAPACITY OF STATIC STORAGE

EXCLUSIVELY RESERVED FOR

HYDRANT SERVICE.

1. Light Hazard

Not less than 01 hour’s aggregate pumping

capacity with a minimum of 1,35,000 litres.

2. Ordinary Hazard

Not less than 2 hour’s aggregate pumping

capacity.

3. High Hazard (A)

Not less than 3 hour’s aggregate

pumping capacity

4. High Hazard (B) Not less than 4 hour's aggregate pumping

capacity

NOTES –

1. The capacity of the reservoir for ordinary and high hazard class

occupancies may be reduced by the quantum of inflow [of one

hour in case of ordinary hazard, 90 minutes in case of high hazard

(A) and two hours in case of high hazard (B) occupancies), from a

reliable sources (other than town's main) having prior approval of

the committee, but in no case shall the reservoir capacity be less

than 70 % of that mentioned above.

2. In case of light hazard class occupancies the minimum capacity of

the reservoir shall be increased to 2,25,000 litres if the highest

floor of the building is more than 15 m above the surrounding

ground level.

3. A higher capacity of reservoir than that required as per Table 1

may be stipulated by the Committee where considered necessary.

7.4 PUMPS:

7.4.1 GENERAL

7.4.1.1 Pumps shall be exclusively used for fire fighting purposes, be

of a type approved by the Committee, and shall be -

a) Quadruple acting reciprocating steam pumps Or

b) Electric Motor or Steam Turbine driven centrifugal pumps

Or c) Compression Ignition Engine driven centrifugal pumps Or

d) Vertical Turbine Submersible pumps.

7.4.1.2 Pumps shall be direct-coupled, except in the case of engine-

driven Vertical Turbine Pumps wherein gear drives conforming

to approval standard of Factory Mutual system or right angled

gear drive class no. 1338 hall be used.

Belt-driven pumps shall not be accepted.

7.4.1.3 Parts of pumps like impeller, shaft sleeve, wearing ring etc.

shall be of non-corrosive metal preferably of brass or bronze or

stainless steel.

Where seawater is used or where the quality of water

necessitates the use of special metals/alloys, the use of such

metals or alloys shall be insisted.

7.4.1.4 The capacity of the pump(s) would depend on whether or not

tapping(s) for water spray and/or foam protection for

tanks/spheres/bullets/plants/other facilities is (are) taken from

the hydrant service. In case there is no tapping from the hydrant

service, the capacity of the pump shall be as per rule 7.4.1.4.1

hereunder. However, where the water demand for water spray

and/or foam protection as per rules 7.4.1.4.2, 7.4.1.4.3,

7.4.1.4.4, 7.4.1.4.5 and 7.4.1.4.6 is in excess of that required

for the hydrant system, the pumping capacity shall be based on

the higher water demand.

7.4.1.4.1 The capacity for hydrant service shall be determined by

the class of occupancy and size of installation as per

Table 2 hereunder:

TABLE - 2

NATURE

OF RISK

NUMBER OF

HYDRANTS P

UM

P C

AP

AC

ITY

LP

S/(M

3/HR

)

DE

LIV

ER

Y

PR

ES

SU

RE

AT

PU

MP

DIS

CH

AR

GE

AT

RA

TE

D C

AP

-

AC

ITY

(KG

/CM

2)

1. Light

Hazard

i) Not exceeding

20

27 (96)

5.6*

ii) Exceeding 20

but not exceeding 55

38 (137)

7

iii) Exceeding 55

but not exceeding

100

47 (171)

7

iv) Exceeding 100

**

47 (171) plus

47 (171) for

every add-

itional 125

hydrants or

part thereof.

7/8.8

NOTES –

*1. The pump delivery pressure will need to be 7 kg/cm2 if the

highest floor of the risk is at a height exceeding 15 m above the

surrounding ground level.

**2. Where the systems are hydraulically designed as per NB 2 & NB

3 below rule 7.5.10. The total pumping capacity need not be

greater than 190 (683) irrespective of the number of hydrant

points.

NATURE

OF RISK

NUMBER OF

HYDRANTS P

UM

P C

AP

AC

ITY

LP

S/(M

3/HR

)

DE

LIV

ER

Y

PR

ES

SU

RE

AT

PU

MP

DIS

CH

AR

GE

AT

RA

TE

D C

AP

-

AC

ITY

(KG

/CM

2)

2. Ordinar

y Hazard

i) Not

exceeding 20

38 (137)

7

ii) Exceeding

20 but not

exceeding 55

47 (171)

7

iii) Exceeding

55 but not

exceeding 100

76 (273)

7

iv) Exceeding

100 **

76 (273) plus

76 (273) for

every add-

itional 125

hydrants or

7/8.8

part thereof.

**N.B: Where the systems are hydraulically designed as per NB 2 & NB

3 of rule 7.5.10, the total pumping capacity need not be greater

than 302 (1092) irrespective of the number of hydrant points.

NATURE OF

RISK

NUMBER OF

HYDRANTS P

UM

P C

AP

AC

ITY

LP

S/(M

3/HR

)

DE

LIV

ER

Y

PR

ES

SU

RE

AT

PU

MP

DIS

CH

AR

GE

AT

RA

TE

D C

AP

-

AC

ITY

(KG

/CM

2)

3. High

Hazard (A)

i) Not

exceeding 20

47 (171)

7

ii) Exceeding

20 but not

exceeding 55

76 (273)

7/8.8

iii) Exceeding

55 but not

exceeding 100

114 (410)

7/8.8

iv) Exceeding

100

114 (410) plus

114 (410) for

every add-

itional 125

hydrants or

part thereof.

7/8.8/10.5

4. High

Hazard (B)

i) Not

exceeding 20

Two of 47

(171)

7

ii) Exceeding

20 but not

exceeding 55

TWO of 76

(273)

7/8.8

iii) Exceeding

55 but not

exceeding 100

TWO of 114

(410)

7/8.8

iv) **Exceedin

g 100

TWO of 114

(410) plus

ONE of 114

(410) for

every add-

itional 200

hydrants or

part thereof.

** This provision will apply only in cases where the hydrant service has

been hydraulically designed as per NB3 (b) under rule 7.5.10.

NOTES -

1. In case of High Hazard (B) risks where the aggregate pumping

capacity required in terms of the above Table or of rules 7.4.1.4.2,

7.4.1.4.4, 7.4.1.4.5 and 7.4.1.4.6 hereunder exceeds 1,640 m3/hr.,

larger capacity pumps are acceptable provided the capacity of the

largest pump does not exceed 25 % of the aggregate installed

pumping capacity is disrupted when any pump is in-operative.

2. In case of High Hazard occupancies, the pump delivery pressure

shall be 7 Kg/cm2 if the highest floor of the risk is at a height

exceeding 15 m above the surrounding ground level.

3. In case of Oil Refineries, Petrochemical complexes or other risks

where double headed hydrants are used throughout the risk so that

the total number of hydrants (counting a double headed hydrant as

two hydrants) is about double the number of hydrants required as per

the general requirements of this Manual, a double headed hydrant

may be regarded as a single hydrant only.

7.4.1.4.2 Where storage tanks containing flammable liquids are

protected by a medium velocity water spray system tapped from

the hydrant service, the water requirements of the spray system

shall be calculated for tanks located in a common dyke which

have the largest aggregate shell surface area at a rate of 10 litres

/minute/m2 of tank shell surface area except where the system

has been designed to comply with the provisions contained in

N.B 4 under rule 7.6.19 (mandatory protection) in which case

the rate of flow can be reduced to 3 lpm/m2).

Even in the case of tanks located in separate dykes, the shell

surface area of all tanks located within a distance of 15 m (or

the diameter of the larger tank if the same is more than 15m)

shall be aggregated and the water demand of such cluster of

tanks shall be calculated at the rate of flow indicated in the

foregoing paragraph.

The water requirement of the spray system worked out as above

shall then be loaded for supplementary hose stream protection

as under –

Where the largest tank in, in a dyke, has a

diameter -

i) Upto 10 m

1,150 LPM

ii) More than 10 m and upto 20 m

2,250 LPM

iii) Over 20 m

3,400 LPM

If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose stream

protection for storage tanks worked out as above exceeds the

requirements of the hydrant service as per Table 2, the pumping

capacity shall be equivalent to the former.

7.4.1.4.3 Where storage tanks are protected by a fixed foam system

connected to the hydrant service, water requirement for the

foam system shall be equivalent to that required by the largest

protected tank at a rate of 5 litres/minute/m2 of liquid surface

area for fixed roof tanks and 12.2 lpm/m2 of rim seal in case of

floating roof tanks.

Other conditions regarding supplementary hose stream

protection, pumping capacity etc., would remain the same as for

water spray protection.

7.4.1.4.4 Where spheres/bullets are protected by a medium velocity water

spray system tapped from pressurised hydrant service, water

requirements of the spray system shall be determined as under -

Taking into consideration the configuration of bullets/sphere,

the one which has the largest number of other bullets/spheres

within R +15 M of the centre thereof shall be selected. The

water demand shall then be worked out at the rate of 10

L/min/M2 of the aggregate shell surface area of the

bullet/spheres concerned and all bullets/spheres within R + 15

M of the centre thereof.

Water application may be reduced to 5 LPM/M2 where the

bullets/Spheres coated with approved passive materials

providing fire resistance of at least 2 hours.

The water requirement of the spray system worked out as above

shall then be loaded for supplementary hose stream protection

as under -

Water capacity of Bullets/

Spheres (m3)

Supplementary hose

stream protection (LPM)

1. Upto and including 50

m3

1,750

2. Above 50 m3 and upto

150 m3

2,250

3. Above 150 m3

4,500

If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose steam

protection for spheres/bullets worked out as above exceeds the

requirements of the hydrant service as per Table 2, the pumping

capacity shall be equivalent to the former.

Note: For design criteria of medium velocity water spray system

reference shall be made to committee's rules for water spray

system.

7.4.1.4.5 Where the plants and other facilities are protected by medium

velocity water spray systems, tapped from hydrant service,

water requirement of the spray system shall be determined as

per Committee's rules for water spray systems. Water

requirements of the spray systems worked out as above shall

then be loaded by 4,500 LPM for supplementary hose stream

protection.

If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose

stream protection worked out as above exceeds the

requirements of the hydrant service as per Table 2, the

pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.

7.4.1.4.6 Where transformers are protected by high velocity water

spray system tapped from hydrant system, water requirements

of the spray system shall be determined as per Committee's

rules for water spray system. Water requirement of the spray

system worked out as above shall then be loaded by 1,750

LPM for supplementary hose stream protection.

If the total water requirement for spray protection and hose

stream protection worked out as above exceeds the

requirements of the hydrant service as per Table 2, the

pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the former.

7.4.1.4.7 Where plants and other facilities are protected by

sprinkler system tapped from the pressurised hydrant

service, water requirement of the sprinkler system shall

be determined as per the Committee’s rules for sprinkler

system.

If the total water requirement for sprinkler system

exceeds the requirement of the hydrant service as per

Table 2, the pumping capacity shall be equivalent to the

former.

7.4.1.5 Pumps shall be capable of furnishing not less than 150 % of

rated capacity at a head of not less than 65 % of the rated

head. The shut-off head shall not exceed 120 % of rated head

in the case of horizontal pumps and 140 % in the case of

vertical turbine type pumps.

7.4.1.6 Each pump shall be provided with a plate giving, in the case

of centrifugal pumps, the delivery head, capacity and the

number of revolutions per minute and in the case of

reciprocating pumps, the diameter of the steam cylinders and

water plungers and the length of stroke as also the ratios of

the effective aggregate areas of the suction and the delivery

valves to the area of the water plungers.

7.4.1.7 In case of electrically driven pumps it is recommended that

compression ignition engine driven stationary pump of

similar capacity be installed as a standby and vice versa.

However, where the hydrant service consists of more than

one pump, not more than half the total number (total number

+ 1 in case of odd number) of pumps shall have prime

movers of one type.

(The above provision is not applicable to systems

commissioned before 1982).

Notwithstanding the above, if power to motorised fire pumps

is obtained from two sources, one of which is a captive

generating plant located in a block either 6 m away from all

surrounding buildings, where this is not feasible, segregated

from adjoining building in a manner indicated in rule 7.4.3.1

more than half the total number of pumps may be of the

electrically driven type.

7.4.1.8 Each fire service pump shall be provided with an independent

suction pipe without any sluice or cut-off valves therein,

unless the pump is situated below the level of the water

supply in which case sluice or cut-off valves would be

essential.

Where the water supply has fibrous or equally objectionable

matter in suspension or mud and/or sand liable to cause

accumulation in the installation, suction pipe(s) shall be

installed in a jack well fed through a culvert from the main

water supply. At the supply end of the culvert, a sluice or

gate valve shall be provided.

NOTE - The suction pipe shall be connected to the pump inlet

through an eccentric reducer to avoid air pockets.

7.4.1.9 The diameter of the suction pipe shall be such that the rate of

flow of water through it does not exceed 90 m. per minute

when the pump is delivering at its rated discharge. If,

however, the pump is situated below the level of its water

supply, the diameter of the suction pipe/header shall be based

upon a rate of flow not exceeding 120 m. per minute.

7.4.1.10 Where the pump is to operate under suction lift conditions,

the Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) available at site shall

be 0.50 m in excess of the actual value required at 150 % of

the duty point as per the manufacturer’s curve of the pump.

NOTE – For the purpose of the above, NPSH available at site

shall be computed by deducting the sum of the static lift

(measured from the ‘low water level’, defined in rule 7.3,

upto the centre line of the pump) and friction loss in the

suction pipe and fittings from atmospheric pressure.

7.4.1.11 Fire Pumps in High Hazard (B) category occupancies shall be

provided with positive suction and automatic starting devices

capable of sequential starting of the pumps. The pumps shall

be connected to audible alarm such as hooter or a siren

located in a prominent place outside the pump house. Where

there is a central fire station in the premises, additional alarm

point shall also be provided in the fire station.

The pumping arrangement shall also incorporate Jockey

Pumps to take care of system losses. The capacity of the

Jockey Pumps shall neither be more than 5 % of the installed

pumping capacity nor less than 3 % thereof (with a minimum

of 10.8 m3/hr.) unless the aggregate installed pumping

capacity is in excess of 820 m3/hr, in which case the capacity

of the Jockey Pump (s) shall be not less than 25 m3/hr plus 1

% of the installed pumping capacity in excess of 820 m3/hr.

Installation of Jockey Pumps also helps to prevent hydraulic

surges.

7.4.1.12 In the case of Light, Ordinary and High Hazard (A) category

occupancies, when the pump is above the level of its water

supply, there shall be a foot valve and a `priming'

arrangement, the latter consisting of a tank (having a capacity

at least three times that of the suction pipe from the pump to

the foot valve subject to a minimum of 1000 litres) connected

to the delivery side of the pump by a metal pipe having a

minimum internal diameter of 100 mm with a stop valve and

a non return valve therein of the same size.

A reliable independent filling arrangement and a level

indicator shall be provided for the priming tank and,

wherever feasible, a continuous overflow arrangement shall

be provided in order to ensure that the tank is always full. It

is recommended that for pumps taking suction from a stored

water supply, a vortex plate shall be installed at entrance to

the suction pipe.

Wherever circumstances permit, the pumps shall preferably

be fixed below the level of the water supply (positive

suction). If the pumps are automatic in action, they shall

necessarily be so fixed. However, if the priming

arrangements are such as to ensure that the suction pipe shall

be automatically maintained full of water notwithstanding a

serious leakage therefrom (the pump being automatically

brought into action to replenish the priming tank should the

latter be drawn upon at a greater rate than the rate at which it

is fed from any other source), positive suction may not be

insisted. In such cases, the capacity of the priming tank need

not exceed 450 litres and the diameter of the priming pipe

need not exceed 50 mm. Jockey Pump(s) of capacity

indicated in rule 7.4.1.11 shall, nevertheless, be provided in

systems where the main pumps are automatic in action.

Where pump(s) are automatic in action they shall be

connected to audible alarm such as hooter or siren located in

a prominent place outside the pump house. Where there is a

central fire station in the premises, additional alarm point

shall also be provided in the fire station.

NOTE - For the purpose of rules 7.4.1.8, 7.4.1.9, 7.4.1.11 and

7.4.1.12 a pump shall be considered as having positive

suction only if the quantity of water in the reservoir above the

low water level (see N.B. under rule 7.3) or the top of the

pump casing, whichever is higher is equivalent to the

requirements of Table 1.

7.4.1.13 Each pump shall be provided with a non-return valve and a

sluice valve on the delivery side, the sluice valve being

installed on the upstream side of the non-return valve. A

pressure gauge shall also be provided between the pump and

the non-return valve. The size of the non-return valve and cut

off (sluice) valve shall not be less than the size of the initial

delivery pipe and, in no case, less than the delivery outlet of

the pump. Further, as Butterfly Valves can create

turbulence adversely affecting the pump performance no

Butterfly valve shall be installed on the suction side.

7.4.1.14 When the premises are also protected by sprinkler installation

having elevated tank(s) as one of the main sources of water

supply, and where the arrangement for filling the tank(s) is

taken from the hydrant service, the connection shall be taken

directly from the pump to the top of the tank (through a stop

valve) and not through the hydrant mains. (See fig. below)

7.4.1.15 Pumps shall not be installed in open. The pump rooms shall

normally have brick/concrete walls and non-combustible

roof, with adequate lighting, ventilation and drainage

arrangements.

The pump room shall be so located as to be both easily

accessible and where any falling masonry and the like from

other buildings occasioned by fire or other cause, cannot

damage the pump room. Normally, pump rooms shall be

located 6 m away from all surrounding buildings and

overhead structures. Where this is not feasible the sides of

the pump room falling within 6 m of the surrounding

buildings shall be blank masonry walls of 355 mm thickness

and the roof of the pump room shall be of RCC. Likewise,

when the pump room is attached to a building a perfect party

wall complying with the committee's regulations shall be

constructed between the pump room and the attached

building, the roof of the pump room shall be of RCC

construction at least 100 mm thick and access to the pump

room shall be from the outside. In no case shall the pump

from be sited within a building occupied for any other

purpose.

N.B. for High Hazard (B) occupancies, in addition to the

above provisions, the pump room shall be located 30 m clear

of all equipment where flammable fluids having flash point

below 65o C are handled and/or stored and 15 m clear of

pipes/pipe racks (of other than water.). This provision shall,

however, not apply to systems commissioned before 1982.

7.4.2 STEAM DRIVEN PUMPS -

7.4.2.1 The capacity of steam driven pumps shall be based on the

economical speed recommended by the makers, and the

pumps shall be provided with a suitable air vessel, steam and

water pressure gauges. The working parts of the water ends

shall be of non-corrosive metal.

7.4.2.2 Pumps shall not be used for boiler feeding or any other

purpose, except for filling the elevated sprinkler tank(s).

7.4.2.3 There shall be at least two boilers connected to the pump, out

of whom one shall be under pressure at all times.

7.4.2.4 Steam at a pressure of 4.2 kg/cm2 or more if specified by the

makers shall be available at the pump at all times.

7.4.2.5 The ratio of the area of the steam cylinders to water cylinders

shall not be less than 2.5 to 1.

7.4.2.6 A relief valve of adequate size shall be fitted on the delivery

side of the pump and set at a pressure of not more than 1

kg/cm2 above the delivery pressure of the pump, and if of

weight and lever type, the weight, when set, shall be secured

and locked in that position.

7.4.2.7 The diameter of the suction pipe shall in no case be less than

that of the pump plungers.

7.4.2.8 The steam pipe to the pump shall not traverse ground not

under the control of the owner of the installation, nor a public

roadway.

7.4.3 ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN PUMPS -

7.4.3.1 The sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s)-supplying power to

the fire pump(s) shall be of incombustible construction and

shall be located at least 6 m away from all surrounding

buildings. Where this is not feasible, all door and window

openings of the surrounding buildings within 6 m of the sub-

station(s) and/or D.G. house(s) shall be protected by single

fireproof doors and 6 mm thick wired glasses in steel

framework respectively. Like-wise, roof eaves, if any, of the

surrounding buildings falling within 6 m of the sub-station(s)

and/or D.G. house(s) shall be cut and wall raised as a parapet.

The above provisions shall also apply when the sub-station(s)

and D.G. house(s) are within 6 m of each other.

Where the sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s) are attached to

buildings, perfect party walls complying with the

Committee's regulations shall be constructed to segregate the

sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s) from the attached

buildings and where the attached building is storeyed, the

roof of the sub-station(s) and/or D.G. house(s) shall be of

R.C.C. construction of at least 100 mm thickness.

Transformer cubicles inside these sub-stations shall be

separated from H.T. and L.T. cubicles and from each other by

blank walls of bricks/stone/concrete blocks of 355 mm

thickness or of R.C.C of 200 mm with door openings, if any

therein, protected by single fireproof doors complying with

the Committee's regulations. The sub-station(s) and D.G.

house(s) shall also be separated from each other as above.

Transformers installed outdoors, which are supplying power

to fire Pump(s), shall also be located atleast 6 m away from

all surrounding buildings (including sub-station(s) and/or

D.G. house(s). Where this is not feasible all door and window

openings of the building(s) [including sub-station(s) and/or

D.G. house(s).] within 6 m of the transformer shall be

protected by single fireproof doors and 6mm thick wired

glasses in steel framework respectively. Likewise, roof eaves

of the building(s) falling within 6 m of the transformer shall

be cut and wall raised as a parapet. Baffle walls of

bricks/stone/concrete blocks of 355 mm thickness or of

R.C.C. of 200 mm thickness shall be constructed between

two transformers and these walls shall be extended

horizontally 600 mm beyond the extremities of the

transformers and vertically 600 mm above the highest point

of the transformers.

NOTES –

1. Where oil capacity of the individual transformer is larger

than 5,000 litres separating walls must be provided in

between the transformers and a clear distance as per the

following table shall be maintained between the

transformers and the substation –

OIL CAPACITY OF INDIVIDUAL

TRANSFORMER

CLEAR

SEPARATING

DISTANCE (m)

5,000 to 10,000 litres

8.0

Above 10,000 upto 20,000 litres

10.0

Above 20,000 upto 30,000 litres

12.5

Over 30,000 litres

15

2. For High Hazard (B) occupancies, substation(s)

supplying power to the fire pump(s) shall, in addition to

complying with the above provisions, be located 30 m

clear of all equipment where flammable fluids having

flash point below 65o C are handled and/or stored.

7.4.3.2 Electric supply feeder (s) to sub-station(s) supplying power

to fire pump shall as far as possible, consist of armoured

cables buried underground which shall not pass under any

building or permanent structures.

If the feeders are laid inside an underground cable duct/

gallery, they shall be placed in a corner of the duct/gallery

and shall be isolated from other cables in the duct/gallery by

means of fire bricks/sand packing/other suitable passive

protection of at least ½ an hour fire rating.

Under extenuating circumstances, where it is not feasible to

lay the feeders underground, the Committee may permit

overhead feeders provided they do not fall within a horizontal

distance of -

A) 15 m of any process buildings/plant or tanks

containing flammable liquids. Or

B)

) 6 m of any other building or tanks containing non-

flammable liquids or of storage in open.

NOTE: in case of high hazard (B) occupancies, all

substations (except main receiving station in the route of the

electrical supply to the fire pump (s) which receive power by

overhead feeders shall be provided with two sets of feeders

which, apart from conforming with the above distance

provisions, shall be run along two different routes in such a

way that failure of more than one route due to a single mishap

would be only a remote possibility.

7.4.3.3 A direct feeder without any tappings shall be laid from the

sub-station to the pump house. The feeder shall consist of an

armoured cable buried underground and shall not pass under

any building or permanent structure.

The cable run inside the substation from the breaker upto its

point of burial or entry into cable duct/gallery shall be

provided with suitable passive protection of at least ½ an

hour fire rating.

If the feeder is laid inside an underground cable duct/gallery,

it shall be placed in a corner of the duct/gallery and shall be

isolated from other cables in the duct/gallery by means of fire

bricks/sand packing/other suitable passive protection of at

least ½ an hour fire rating.

Under extenuating circumstances, where it is not feasible to

lay the feeders underground, the committee may permit

overhead feeders provided they do not fall within a horizontal

distance of –

A) 15 m of any process buildings/plant or tanks

containing flammable liquids. Or

B)

6 m of any other building or tanks containing non-

flammable liquids or of storage in open.

NOTE - In case of High Hazard `B' occupancies if the feeder

to the fire pump (s) is not buried underground, two sets of

feeder shall be provided which shall –

A) conform to the above distance provisions

B)

be run along two different routes in such a way that

failure of more than one route due to a single mishap

would be only a remote possibility.

7.4.3.4 Sufficient spare power shall always be available to drive

pumping set(s) at all times throughout the year.

7.4.3.5 The electric supply to the pumping set(s) shall be entirely

independent of all other equipment in the premises i.e. even

when the power throughout the entire premises is switched

off, the supply to the pump shall continue to be available un-

interrupted. This can be achieved by taking the connection

for the pump(s) from the incoming side of the main L.T

breaker. However, in cases where two or more transformers

and/or sources of supply are connected to a common bus bar

the connection may be taken through the bus bars. (See

figures below)

7.4.3.6 The fire pump circuit shall be protected at the origin by an

automatic circuit breaker so set as to permit the motor to be

overloaded during an emergency to the maximum limit

permissible by the manufacturers. Further, the under voltage

release/`no volt’ coil of the circuit breaker shall be removed.

N.B - Where cable lengths are long enough to warrant back-

up protection, the Committee may insist on provision of such

a protection.

7.4.3.7 It is recommended that telltale lamps, which would

continuously glow when power is available to the fire

pump(s) circuit, be provided and fixed in a prominent

position, both in the substation and in the pump room.

7.4.3.8 Where there is more than one source of power for the

operation of pumping set(s) every electrical circuit shall

preferably be so designed as to ensure that when necessary,

the set(s) will continue to operate without the manual

operation of an emergency switch.

7.4.3.9 The pumping set(s) shall be securely mounted on a robust

bedplate, if of the horizontal type, and shall be free from

vibration at all variations of load.

7.4.3.10 The rating and design of motors and switchgears shall

conform to the relevant Indian Standards Specification. The

motor shall be of continuous rating type and its rating shall

be at least equivalent to the horsepower required to drive the

pump at 150 % of its rated discharge. (See rule 7.4.1.5)

7.4.3.11 The motor shall be of totally enclosed type or drip proof type,

the latter having their air inlets and outlets protected with

meshed wire panels to exclude rodents, reptiles and insects.

7.4.3.12 The motors shall be wound for Class B insulation preferably

for Class E and the windings shall be vacuum impregnated

with heat and moisture resisting varnish and preferably glass

fibre insulated to withstand tropical conditions.

7.4.3.13 Motors wound for high tension supplies shall have a suitable

fixed warming resistance to maintain the motor windings in a

dry condition at all times and particularly under monsoon

conditions. The resistance shall be connected to the lighting

or other equivalent circuit.

7.4.3.14 Heating apparatus shall also be provided, when necessary, for

medium tension motors where they are located below ground

level, in order to maintain the motor windings in a dry

condition. Adequate drainage arrangements shall also be

provided in the pump house in such cases.

7.4.3.15 The incoming cable to the fire pump room shall terminate in

an isolating switch fuse unit incorporating HRC fuses and

where necessary provided with a distribution system.

7.4.3.16 The starting switchgear for the fire pumps shall be suitable

for direct on line starting but other alternative arrangements

are subject to prior approval. It shall also incorporate an

ammeter with a clear indication of the motor full load

current.

N.B. Remote controlled starting arrangements are subject to

prior approval of the Committee.

7.4.3.17 Cables for motors and switchgear shall be armoured or be

enclosed in heavy gauge screwed steel conduit according to

conditions.

7.4.3.18 It is recommended that equipment throughout be painted fire

red (Shade No. 536 as per IS: 5) and suitably marked for

identification.

7.4.3.19 Necessary spare parts including a set of fuses (in a glass-

fronted box) shall be kept in readiness at all times in the

pump house.

7.4.3.20 The wiring in all installations shall be done in accordance

with the rules for Electrical Installations 1998 issued by the

Tariff Advisory Committee.

7.4.4 PETROL OR MOTOR SPIRIT ENGINE DRIVEN

PUMPS: (ACCEPTED ONLY WHERE INSTALLED

PRIOR TO 1976):

7.4.4.1 The pump room shall be artificially heated, if necessary, so

as to prevent its temperature from falling below 4.5 C at any

time.

NOTES -

1. Low-pressure hot water, steam or hot air apparatus or

electric radiators only shall be used. If electric radiators

are used, the Tariff Advisory Committee shall approve

the same.

2. Vapour-proof incandescent electric lighting shall be used

for the pump house. Naked lights are not permitted.

3. Switches in connection with electric lighting or heating

shall be located outside the pump room, but if this is not

practicable, they shall be of flame-proof type

conforming to the relevant Indian Standards

Specification (IS : 5571)

7.4.4.2 The engine shall be fitted with dual ignition (magneto and

accumulator with coil with separate sparking plugs to each),

which shall be so arranged that the engine may be worked on

either ignition independently.

7.4.4.3 The magneto shall be of the high-tension type.

7.4.4.4 A voltmeter shall be provided and so arranged that the

voltage of the accumulator or battery can be ascertained at

will.

7.4.4.5 Except in cases where an independent electric supply is

readily available the engine shall be fitted with and shall

work a small low voltage dynamo, from which the

accumulator can be recharged when necessary while the

engine is running on the magneto.

7.4.4.6 The conductors from the magneto and accumulator to the

sparking plugs shall be run in metal tubes to protect them

against injury.

7.4.4.7 The opening to the atmosphere from the induction pipe shall

be fitted with a flame trap.

7.4.4.8 The engine shall be governor controlled.

7.4.4.9 The following spare parts shall be kept readily to hand -

a) One complete set of piston rings for each cylinder,

b) Two high tension sparking plugs for each cylinder.

c) Two valves suitable for inlet or exhaust complete with

springs, cotters and washers,

d) One complete filter for petrol pump feed with cork gasket

e) Two springs for each spring used in the engine,

f) One complete set of cylinder head and other gaskets.

7.4.4.10 The engine shall be so arranged that, if necessary, it may be

readily and immediately started by one person.

7.4.4.11 The petrol or motor spirit tank from which the engine is fed

shall be fitted with a gauge glass or suitable indicator (which

shall be protected against mechanical injury) showing the

quantity of petrol or motor spirit contained therein.

The tank shall have a holding capacity sufficient to run the

engine at full load for about 24 hours.

All joints in the petrol piping shall be brazed.

7.4.4.12 There shall be kept on hand at all times sufficient petrol or

motor spirit to run the engine at full load for about 24 hours.

7.4.4.13 The reserve supply of petrol or motor spirit shall be stored in

a safe position, away from the pump house.

7.4.4.14 Petrol or motor spirit only shall be used. The use of other

substance, such as paraffin, shall not be allowed.

7.4.4.15 A written declaration shall be given by the insured that the

following conditions will be strictly complied with -

a) The engine shall be tested twice a week for atleast 10

minutes each time.

b) The temperature of the pump room shall be maintained not

less than 4.5oC (or 40o F) at all times.

c) The minimum quantity of petrol or motor spirit required as

stated in 7.4.4.12 shall be maintained in a safe position

away from the pump house.

d) Motor spirit only shall be used for driving the engine.

e) Spare parts as required in 7.4.4.9 shall be kept readily to

hand.

7.4.5 COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE DRIVEN PUMPS

7.4.5.1 PUMP ROOM:

The Pump Room shall be artificially heated, if necessary, to

maintain the temperature of the room above 10o C. Adequate

ventilation shall be provided for the air required for

aspiration and to limit the temperature rise in the room to 10o

C above the ambient temperature when the engine is on full

load.

7.4.5.2 ENGINE:

7.4.5.2.1 The Engine shall be -

a) of the compression ignition mechanical direct injection

type, capable of being started without the use of wicks,

cartridges, heater plugs or ether, at an engine room

temperature of 7oC and shall accept full load within 15

seconds from the receipt of the signal to start.

b) Naturally aspirated, supercharged or turbo-charged and

either air or water-cooled. In the case of charge air

cooling by means of a belt-driven fan or of a belt driven

auxiliary water pump there shall be multiple belts such

that should half the belts break, the remaining belts

would be capable of driving the fan or pump.

c) Capable of operating continuously on full load at the site

elevation for a period of six hours.

d) provided with an adjustable governor to control the

engine speed within 10% of its rated speed under any

condition of load upto the full load rating. The governor

shall be set to maintain rated pump speed at maximum

pump load.

e) provided with an in-built tachometer to indicate R.P.M.

of the engine.

7.4.5.2.2 Any manual device fitted to the Engine that could prevent the

engine starting shall return automatically to the normal

position.

7.4.5.2.3 Engines, after correction for altitude and ambient

temperature, shall have bare engine horsepower rating

equivalent to the higher of the following two values

a) 20 % in excess of the maximum brake horsepower

required to drive the pump at its duty point.

b) The brake horsepower required driving the pump at 150

% of its rated discharge.

NOTE: In the case of engines guaranteed by the

manufacturers as capable of being overloaded by 10% at the

rated speed for one hour in any period of 12 hours

consecutive running, the value under (b) above may be

considered as 10% lower than the horse power required to

drive the pump at 150 % of its rated discharge.

7.4.5.2.4 The coupling between the engine and the pump shall allow

each unit to be removed without disturbing the other.

7.4.5.3 COOLING SYSTEM:

The following systems are acceptable -

a) Cooling by water from the discharge of fire pump (taken

off prior to the pump discharge valve) direct into the

engine cylinder jackets via a pressure reducing device to

limit the applied pressure to a safe value as pacified by

the engine manufacturer. The outlet connection from this

system shall terminate atleast 150 mm above the engine

water outlet pipe and be directed into an open tundish so

that the discharge water is visible.

b) a heat exchanger, the raw water being supplied from the

fire pump discharge (taken off prior to the pump

discharge valve) via a pressure-reducing device, if

necessary, to limit the applied pressure to a safe value as

specified by the engine manufacturer. The raw water

outlet connection shall be so designed that the

discharged water can be readily observed. The water in

the closed circuit shall be circulated by means of an

auxiliary pump driven from the engine and the capacity

of the closed circuit shall not be less than that

recommended by the engine manufacturer. If the

auxiliary pump is belt driven there shall be a multiple

belt so that should half the belts break, the remaining

belts shall be capable of driving the pump.

c) a frame or engine mounted air cooled radiator with a

multiple fan belt driven from the engine. When half

the belts are broken the remaining belts shall be capable

of driving the fan. The water in the closed circuit shall be

circulated by means of an auxiliary pump driven by the

engine and the capacity of the closed circuit shall be not

less than that recommended by the engine manufacturer.

d) direct air cooling of the engine by means of multiple belt

driven fans. When half the belts are broken the

remaining belts shall be capable of driving the fan.

NOTE: In case of systems described in (b) (c) & (d) above a

failure actuated audio-visual alarm shall be incorporated.

7.4.5.4 AIR FILTRATION:

The air intake shall be fitted with a filter of adequate size to

prevent foreign matter entering the engine.

7.4.5.5 EXHAUST SYSTEM:

The exhaust shall be fitted with a suitable silencer and the

total backpressure shall not exceed the engine maker's

recommendation. When the exhaust system rises above the

engine, means shall be provided to prevent any condensate

flowing into the engine.

7.4.5.6 ENGINE SHUT-DOWN MECHANISM:

This shall be manually operated and return automatically to

the starting position after use.

7.4.5.7 FUEL SYSTEM:

7.4.5.7.1 FUEL:

The engine fuel oil shall be of quality and grade specified by

engine makers. There shall be kept on hand at all times

sufficient fuel to run the engine on full load for six hours, in

addition to that in the engine fuel tank.

7.4.5.7.2 FUEL TANK:

The fuel tank shall be of welded steel constructed to relevant

Indian or Foreign Standard for Mild Steel Drums. The tank

shall be mounted above the engine fuel pump to give gravity

feed unless otherwise recommended by the manufacturer.

The tank shall be fitted with an indicator showing the level of

the fuel in the tank. The capacity of the tank shall be

sufficient to allow the engine to run on full load for –

CLASS OF HAZARD

CAPACITY

Light Hazard

2 Hours

Ordinary Hazard 4 Hours

High Hazard (A) 6 Hours

High Hazard (B) 8 Hours

NOTE: where there is more than one compression ignition

engine driven pump set there shall be a separate fuel tank and

fuel feed pipe for each engine.

7.4.5.7.3 FUEL FEED PIPES:

Any valve in the fuel feed pipe between the fuel tank and the

engine shall be placed adjacent to the tank and it shall be

locked in the open position. Pipe joints shall not be soldered

and plastic tubing shall not be used.

7.4.5.7.4 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT -

The following shall be provided -

a) A sludge and sediment trap

b) A fuel level gauge

c) An inspection and cleaning hole.

d) A filter between the fuel tank and fuel pump mounted in

an accessible position for cleaning.

e) Means to enable the entire fuel system to be bled of air.

Air relief cocks are not allowed; screwed plugs are

permitted.

7.4.5.8 STARTING MECHANISM:

Provision shall be made for two separate methods of engine

starting viz.-

a) Automatic starting by means of a battery powered

electric starter motor incorporating the axial

displacement type of pinion, having automatic repeat

start facilities initiated by a fall in pressure in the water

supply pipe to the sprinkler and/or hydrant installation.

The battery capacity shall be adequate for ten

consecutive starts without recharging with a cold engine

under full compression.

b) Manual starting by -

i) Crank handle, if engine size permits Or

ii) Electric starter motor.

NOTE: The starter motor used for automatic starting may

also be used for manual starting provided there are separate

batteries for manual starting.

7.4.5.9 BATTERY CHARGING:

The means of charging the batteries shall be by a 2-rate

trickle charger with manual selection of boost charge and the

batteries shall be charged in position. Where separate

batteries are provided for automatic and manual starting the

charging equipment shall be capable of trickle charging both

the batteries simultaneously. Equipment shall be provided to

enable the state of charge of the batteries to be determined.

7.4.5.10 TOOLS:

A standard kit of tools shall be provided with the engine and

kept on hand at all times.

7.4.5.11 SPARE PARTS:

The following spare parts shall be supplied with the engine

and kept on hand -

a) Two sets of fuel filters, elements and seals.

b) Two sets of lubricating oil filters, elements and seals.

c) Two sets of belts (where used)

d) One complete set of engine-joints, gaskets and hoses,

e) Two injector nozzles,

f) One complete set of piston rings for each cylinder,

g) One inlet valve and one exhaust valve

7.4.5.12 ENGINE EXERCISING:

The test shall be for a period of at least five minutes each

day. Where closed circuit cooling systems are used the water

level in the primary system shall be checked at the time of

carrying out each test and, if necessary, water shall be added

during the course of the test procedure.

7.4.5.13 A written declaration shall be given that the following

conditions will be strictly complied with -

a) To test the engine at least once a week.

b) To maintain the temperature of the engine room at not

less than 4.5 deg. C at all times.

c) To maintain the minimum quantity of fuel oil required as

desired in these clauses.

d) To use a good grade of fuel oil equivalent in quality to

that specified by the engine maker.

e) To keep on hand the spare parts required as specified in

7.4.5.11.

7.5 MAINS:

7.5.1 The hydrants mains shall normally be laid underground or in

masonry culverts with removable covers of incombustible

construction and shall be of any one of the following types -

a) Cast Iron double flanged pipes conforming to the

following standards -

TYPE OF PIPES

CLASS

OF PIPES

IS CODE

Horizontally Cast Iron Pipes

B

IS: 7181

Vertically Cast Iron Pipes

A

IS: 1537

Centrifugally Cast (Spun) Iron

Pipes

A

IS: 1536

N.B. In case of vertically cast pipes, where the nominal

diameter of the pipes exceeds 300 mm or where the pump

delivery pressure exceeds 7-kg/sq. cm2, Class `B' pipes

would be necessary.

b) Centrifugally Cast (Spun) Iron Class `A’ Pipes with

Tyton Joints – (Rubber gasketed)

c) Wrought or mild steel pipes (galvanised or un-

galvanised) of ‘Medium’ grade conforming to IS: 1239

or IS: 3589 having welded joints and coated and

wrapped as per IS: 10221. (MS pipes may be allowed

for extension of existing systems which are laid with CI

pipes with prior approval of the Committee.) Haliday

Testing for Wrapping and Coating is essential.

At least 10 % of all the welded joints shall be

rediographically tested and half of the joints

radiographed shall be the ‘field joints’.

d) Un-plasticized PVC ‘Class 4’ pipes conforming to IS

4985 and HDPE pipes conforming to IS: 4984.

N.B. These pipes are permitted for use in Light Hazard

Occupancies for underground mains only.

7.5.2 Underground CI Mains shall be laid such that the top of the

pipe is not less than one metre below the ground level and

masonry or equivalent supports shall be provided at regular

intervals. As far as possible MS Steel pipes shall also be laid

1m below ground level.

NOTES –

1) Where applicable, Radiography Test Certificate and

films for welded joints of mild steel pipes and Haliday

Test Certificate for coating and wrapping of underground

mild steel pipes shall be submitted before the final

inspection. Haliday Testing may preferably be carried by

flexible and detachable ring probe, which will enable the

entire 360o of the surface of the pipe to be scanned.

2) In case of poor soil conditions, it may be necessary to

provide continuous masonry or equivalent supports.

7.5.3 Mains above ground shall be medium grade wrought or mild

steel (galvanised or un-galvanised) conforming to IS: 1239 or

IS: 3589 with welded, threaded or flanged joints, adequately

supported at regular intervals on masonry or RCC stools or

pedestals and not on pipe racks.

The spacing of supports shall be 3.5 m for 80, 100 and 125

mm dia. pipes, 5m for 150, 200 and 250 mm dia pipes and 7

m for above 250 mm dia pipes.

Pipes shall be run at least 6 m away from the face of the

buildings and open storage areas in case of Light and

Ordinary Hazard Occupancies and 15 m. in case of High

Hazard Occupancies.

7.5.4 Mains shall not be laid under buildings. Where, however,

circumstances necessitate laying of mains under buildings,

prior permission of the Committee shall be obtained and the

portion of mains falling under the buildings shall be laid in

masonry trenches with removable covers and cut-off valves

shall be provided at points of entry and exit. As far as

possible, mains shall not be laid under large open storages,

railroads and roads carrying heavy traffic.

7.5.5 The mains shall not traverse ground that is not under the

control of the owner of the installation nor under a public

roadway. The Tariff Advisory Committee may, at their

discretion, relax this requirement in extenuating

circumstances.

7.5.6 The system shall be capable of withstanding for two hours a

pressure equivalent to 150 % of the maximum working

pressure. While hydro-testing inclusion of cut-off valves in

the mains to be tested should be avoided.

7.5.7 All boltholes in flanges shall be drilled. The drilling of each

flange shall be in accordance with the relevant Indian

Standards.

7.5.8 Flanges shall be faced and have jointing of rubber insertion

or asbestos compound.

7.5.9 Fittings installed underground shall be of cast iron `heavy'

grade conforming to IS: 1538 or BS: 1641 whereas those

installed above ground shall normally be of `Medium' grade

wrought steel or mild steel conforming to IS: 1239 Part II or

malleable iron fittings conforming to IS: 1879, parts I to X.

7.5.10 Mains shall be laid in rings (excepting as specified to N.B 4

below) and their sizes shall be as per Tables 3 & 3A but the

size of the initial pipe shall not, in any case, be less than the

internal diameter of the delivery outlet of the pump.

TABLE – 3

(FOR LIGHT HAZARD OCCUPANCIES)

NO

. OF

HY

DR

AN

TS

IN T

HE

WH

OL

E

SY

ST

EM

SIZ

E

OF

MA

INS

(MM

)

% AGE OF ALL MAINS

INCLUDING TERMINAL

MAINS AND RISERS *

1 to 20

100

100 %

21 to 55

125

100

45 %

55 %

56 to 100

125

100

60 %

40 %

TABLE - 3 A

(FOR ORDINARY HAZARD OCCUPANCIES)

NO

. OF

HY

DR

AN

TS

IN T

HE

WH

OL

E

SY

ST

EM

SIZ

E

OF

MA

INS

(MM

)

% AGE OF ALL MAINS

INCLUDING TERMINAL

MAINS AND RISERS *

01 to 05

100

100 %

06 to 20

125

100

40 %

60 %

21 to 55

150

125

100

20 %

35 %

45 %

56 to 100

150

125

100

25 %

40 %

35 %

Exceeding 100

See NB – 3 (a) and 3 (b) hereunder

* 80 mm diameter terminal and/or riser mains shall be taken

as 100 mm diameter mains for this purpose.

NOTES -

1) In calculating the number of hydrants in the system, a

double headed hydrant shall be counted as two, a fixed

monitor of 63 mm size having nozzle bore of 32 mm

shall be counted as three, a fixed monitor of 75 mm size

having nozzle bore of 38 mm shall be counted as four

and a fixed monitor of 100 mm size having nozzle bore

of 45 mm as six hydrant points.

In case of Oil Refineries, Petrochemical complexes or

other risks, where double headed hydrants are used

throughout the system so that the total number of

hydrants (counting a double headed hydrant as two

hydrants) is about double the number of hydrants

required as per the general requirements of this Manual,

a double headed hydrant may be regarded as a single

hydrant only.

2) For High Hazard occupancies, the hydrant system shall

be hydraulically so designed that when half the

aggregate pumping capacity is being discharged at the

farthest/hydraulically most remote point and the other

half in the most vulnerable area enroute, a minimum

running pressure of 5.25 kg/sq. cm is available at the

former point and the rate of flow of water does not

exceed 5 m/second anywhere in the system.

In case the hydraulically most remote point is the area

determining the fire pump capacity, the entire aggregate

pumping capacity shall be considered as being

discharged at this point at a minimum running pressure

of 5.25 kg/cm2

and the hydrant system shall be so

designed that the rate of flow of water does not exceed 5

m/second anywhere in the system.

In case the hydraulically most remote point happens to

be light/ordinary hazardous, pressure requirement at this

point can be restricted to 3.5 kg/cm2. However pressure

available at the high hazard area immediately preceding

the ordinary/light hazard area must be 5.25 kg/sq. cm.

3) For Light and Ordinary Hazard Occupancies having

more than 55 points, either of the following methods

may be followed -

a) The hydrant service be constituted of single or more

than one inter-connected hydrant systems, each with

its individual pump set according to Table 2 and

water supplies equivalent to the aggregate

requirements of the number of pump sets installed.

b) A single hydrant system may be installed provided,

it is hydraulically designed (where the highest

hydrant is located more than 20 m above ground

level, pre calculated systems shall not be accepted)

as per the parameters indicated in N.B. 2 above,

except that minimum running pressure shall be 3.5

kg/sq. cm. Instead of 5.25 kg/sq. cm (minimum

diameter of the pipe used in the ring mains shall

however not be less than 100 mm).

4) In the case of riser mains in storeyed buildings and in

locations where it is not feasible to lay a ring main, a

terminal main may be provided, but in no case shall the

number of hydrants on such terminal mains exceed 5.

A terminal main of 80 mm diameter shall not feed more

than one hydrant, that having a diameter of 100 mm shall

not feed more than two hydrants, that having a diameter

of 125 mm shall not feed more than three hydrants and a

main of 150 mm shall not feed more than five hydrants.

The Committee may, at their discretion, permit more

than five hydrants on riser mains of storeyed structures.

5) In case of systems designed on the basis of pressure loss

calculations, the piping routes selected along with ‘nodal

point’ commemorating with the pressure loss calculation

sheets should be distinctly marked in the drawing.

7.5.11 Cut-off (Isolating) valves are necessary to obtain the best

possible pressure at the seat of fire as they enable a damaged

portion of the installation to be isolated whilst full pressure is

available throughout the remainder. These valves are

distributed according to the general layout of the installation

and not according to fixed rules. For this reason, the

proposed position of these valves shall have the prior

approval of the Committee.

Cut-off valves shall conform to IS: 780, PN 1.0/IS: 2906,

Class 2 or AP9600 in case of Cast Steel Valves of class 150.

NOTES -

1. In case of system having working pressure in excess of 7

kg/cm2 PN- 1.6 rating would be necessary for valves

conforming to IS: 780 and Class 3 for those conforming

to IS: 2906. Cast Steel valves of class 150 are, however,

acceptable irrespective of the working pressure of the

system.

2. Other types of valves like rising spindle valves may be

used, subject to prior approval of the Committee.

3. Butterfly valves also can be accepted subject to the

condition that the valves of diameter exceeding 150 mm

shall necessary be of gear operated.

7.5.12 All cut-off valves shall be of the right-hand type and

enclosed in properly constructed surface box, at least 1 m2 so

as to allow for broken joints being easily remade. The top of

the surface box shall be 80 mm above ground level, except

where it is locate on a road. Valve wheels shall have an

arrowhead engraved or cast thereon showing direction for

turning `open' and `close'.

7.5.13 It is recommended that the position of the surface box be

indicated by an iron plate painted `fire red' with distinct

lettering. Such plates shall also show the `open' and `close'

direction as cast or indicated on the valves and the serial no.

of the sluice valve also should be indicated.

7.5.14 In case of installations in earthquake prone zones, some form

of flexible couplings approved by the Committee shall be

used for jointing purposes.

7.6 HYDRANTS/FIXED MONITORS:

7.6.1 Water shall be available immediately to all hydrants/fixed

monitors at all times, with all cut-off valves being kept open.

Before final inspection the hydrant system shall be flushed

thoroughly.

7.6.2 Connections for any purpose other than fire fighting are not

permitted from the hydrant/fixed monitor/stand post or from

any portion of the hydrant service.

7.6.3 Except where impracticable, all hydrant outlets shall be

situated 1 m. above ground level.

7.6.4 The stand posts shall be 80 mm in diameter for single headed

hydrants. 100 mm for double-headed hydrants and monitors

of 63 mm or 75 mm size and 150 mm for monitor of 100 mm

size. It is recommended that stand posts be painted `fire red'

(shade No.536 as per IS:5) and numbered for easy

identification.

7.6.5 Permission to install hydrants below ground level will be

given in very special cases only. Where such permission has

been given, the hydrants shall be properly enclosed in a

surface box of cast iron or masonry 750 mm square and 80

mm above ground level, the top of he hydrant outlet being

not more than 80 mm below the top of the box.

7.6.6 Only oblique hydrants conforming to IS: 5290 of Type A

with outlets angled towards ground shall be used. The

hydrant couplings shall be of gun metal/stainless steel of the

instantaneous spring-lock (female) type of 63 mm diameter

and valves shall be of the screw down type.

Branch pipe/nozzle of monitor shall be of gun metal/

stainless steel.

N.B - Orifice plates of suitable design may be provided for

hydrants where the pressure exceeds 7 kg. /cm2.

7.6.7 Double-headed hydrant shall consist of two separate landing

valves. A single control valve will not be permitted.

7.6.8 Hydrants shall be easily accessible, storage of any kind on or

around the hydrant being prohibited. Where hydrants are

situated in remote locations, they shall be approachable by

means of paved pathways.

7.6.9 Hydrants located in situations where they are likely to be

damaged by vehicular traffic shall be suitably protected on all

sides against possible damage.

7.6.10 Hydrants shall be located bearing in mind the attendant fire

hazards at the different sections of the premises to be

protected and so as to give most effective service. They shall

be so distributed as to provide protection for the buildings on

all sides and need not necessarily be equidistant from each

other.

Advantage shall be taken of convenient door and/or window

openings to place hydrants so that only a minimum length of

hose is required to reach the openings through which fire

may be attacked. In case of continuous blank walls, suitable

provision shall be made on the walls near hydrant posts for

easy access inside the premises.

7.6.11 At least one hydrant post shall be provided for every 60 m of

external wall measurement in case of Light Hazard

Occupancy, for every 45 m in case of Ordinary Hazard

Occupancy and every 30 m of external wall measurement or

perimeter of unit battery limit in case of High Hazard

Occupancy.

Measurements shall be calculated on the total length of walls

of all buildings/perimeter of all battery limits to be protected

except in the case of opposite buildings (other than those of

High Hazard category) within 22.5 m of each other, where

the measurement of the shorter opposing wall may be

omitted.

Further, all hydrants and monitors should be serially

numbered.

NOTE: Notwithstanding the above, hydrants protecting

utilities and miscellaneous buildings in High hazard risks

may be spaced at 45 m.

7.6.12 No building shall be deemed to be protected by a hydrant

unless such hydrant is within 15 m of the building. Where

any part of a building is normally used for storage purpose or

where hazardous processes are carried out, there shall be two

single or one double headed hydrant within 15 m of the

building, the layout being such that two jets of water can be

played simultaneously on the highest point of the roof.

In case of Buildings/Plants occupied for High Hazard process

or storages, the above-specified distance may be increased to

22.5 m.

In case of buildings having roofs other than RCC, it is

advisable to provide hydrants at the roof level along with

access staircases in order to fight the fire by breaking open

the roofs, if necessary.

7.6.13 Hydrant heads shall be positioned at distances not less than 2

m from the face of the building or edge of the storage plot to

be protected except in the case of high hazard occupancies

wherein the hydrant heads shall be located not less than 7.5

m from the face of the building, edge of the storage plot or

from the plant battery limits.

7.6.14 In case where, owing to the size or layout of the building, or

building being divided by internal walls, any point within the

building is at a distance of more than 45 m from an external

fire hydrant, an internal hydrant system shall be provided so

that no portion of the floor is more than 45 m from an

external hydrant or 30 m from an internal hydrant.

In case of large switchyards, where it is not feasible to lay

internal hydrants, alternate hydrants may be replaced by

monitors of suitable size.

N.B: Distance of 45 m indicated above shall be increased to

60 m for light hazard occupancies and reduced to 30 m for

high hazard occupancies.

7.6.15 In case of storeyed buildings, satisfactory access shall be

provided to all parts of each floor by means of incombustible

internal or external staircases. Normally, a minimum of two

such staircases will be needed per compartment, but in case

the area of the compartment exceeds 2,000 sq. m., an

additional staircase shall be provided for every additional

1,500 sq. m. or part thereof. On the other hand, if a

compartment has a floor area of less than 500 sq. m., one

access staircase shall be acceptable. The access staircases

shall be so located that, as far as possible, no part of each

floor is more than 30 m from the nearest staircase. Where it

is not possible to locate the staircase in the aforesaid manner,

the Committee may suggest alternative methods for

protection of such large upper floors. External access

staircases shall be open to sky.

The staircases shall conform to the following -

7.6.15.1 Internal staircases shall be so located that atleast one of its

enclosing walls is an external wall of the building. A door

opening shall be provided in this external wall at ground

floor level. The enclosing walls shall be of brick work atleast

230 mm thick or reinforced concrete atleast 100 mm thick

carried through and atleast 450 mm above the roof of the

building, unless the roof is of jack arch or reinforced concrete

construction in which case the walls need be carried upto the

roof only. Every opening from the staircase to any portion of

the building or to a roof used as a floor shall be fitted with a

single fireproof door.

N.B: The above rule will not apply to buildings, the upper

floors of which are occupied by offices, air washer plants,

rest rooms, cloak rooms, canteen and the like.

7.6.15.2 External staircases without side covering need not have

openings at each floor level protected by single fireproof

doors. However, if external staircases are enclosed, they

shall be considered equivalent to internal staircases.

NOTE: There shall be no equipment within 2 m of the

staircases and/or its landings.

7.6.15.3 Staircases shall be not less than 750 mm clear width with

treads not less than and risers not more than 200 mm and

under not circumstances shall the staircase have an

inclination of more than 60 degrees to the horizontal.

NOTE: Iron rung ladders or spiral staircases shall not be

acceptable.

7.6.15.4 In the case of enclosed staircases, all windows therein falling

within 3 m of any other openings in the building shall

normally be protected by wired glass in steel framework in

accordance with the Committee's regulations. Conversely, in

the case of open-sided staircases, window and door openings

of the building falling within 3 m of the staircase shall

normally be protected by wired glass in steel framework and

single fireproof door respectively in accordance with the

Committee's regulations.

NOTE: The latter part of this rule shall not apply to

buildings, which are essentially open sided.

7.6.15.5 Exits to the access staircases shall always be kept open

during working hours. During non-working hours, the exits

may be locked from the staircase side only. Locks of all exits

shall have one master key, which shall be available either at

the main gate, or any other prominent and easily accessible

location known to the fire fighting personnel. Alternatively,

the key shall be kept in a glass-fronted box or in the hose box

on the staircase landing.

7.6.15.6 A hydrant shall be provided on every floor landing which

shall not be less than 1.5 m x 1 m. The mains feeding the

landing hydrants shall be provided with a cut-off valve at

ground level (also see N.B.4 under rule 7.5.10 and rule

7.7.3.3)

7.6.16 Specific requirements for provisions of monitors in plant

areas -

7.6.16.1 Tall columns, structure, towers and equipment where it may

not be possible to provide access staircases with hydrants on

landing thereof as per rule 7.6.15, will be considered as

protected by hydrants at ground level, provided they are less

than 15 m in height. When the height exceeds 15 m, the

concerned hydrants shall be replaced by monitors.

7.6.16.2 Alternate hydrants for protection of loading unloading bays,

rail/truck gantries shall be replaced by water/foam monitors.

7.6.17 PROTECTION OF BASEMENTS:

7.6.17.1 Staircases/ramps shall provide access to all parts of the

basement directly from the outside of the building at ground

level. The number and location of the staircases/ramps shall

be such that no part of the basement is more than 45 metres

from the nearest staircase/ramp.

7.6.17.2 It is recommended that the staircase/ramp be provided with

emergency lighting facilities. Where maintenance of

illumination depends upon changing from one energy source

to another, there shall be no appreciable interruption of

illumination during changeover. Where emergency lighting is

provided by means of electric generator, a delay of not more

than 10 seconds shall be permitted for changeover.

Emergency lighting facilities shall be arranged to maintain

proper illumination for a period of one-and-a-half hours in

the event of lighting failures.

The Emergency lighting system shall be so arranged as to

provide sufficient illumination automatically in the event of

any interruption of normal lighting.

7.6.17.3 One landing valve shall be provided for each staircase/ramp

at each basement level in addition to the provision of a

hydrant at the ground level.

7.6.17.4 Proper drainage facility shall be provided to drain the fire-

fighting water out of the basement.

7.6.18 Storage of material in the open shall be protected as under -

Metals, Metallic

goods, Machinery

and other non-

One single hydrant for every 60 m

of storage periphery located

beyond 2 m but within 15 m of

hazardous storage storage area.

Coal or Coke

One single hydrant for every 45 m

of storage periphery located

beyond 2 m but within 15 m of

storage area.

Other storages

One double hydrant for every 45 m

of the storage periphery located

beyond 2 m, but within 22.5 m of

storage area.

NOTES -

1. In the case of open storage areas of following materials,

at least 50 % of hydrant shall be replaced by fixed

monitors having nozzle bore of 38 mm diameter if the

individual stack height is more than 6 m and total storage

exceeds 5,000 tonnes -

BAMBOO, BAGASSE, GRASS/HAY AND TIMBER

2. Where hydrants/monitors located along one longer side

of a storage area are more than 90 m from those along

the other longer side, reference shall be made to the

committee.

7.6.19 Hydrants for the protection of combustible/flammable liquid

storage tanks shall be located beyond 15 m, but within 35 m

of tank shell as specified below -

DIAMETER OF TANK

NO. OF HYDRANTS

Tanks upto 10 m dia.

One double headed or two

single headed hydrants.

Tanks above 10 m but

upto 20 m dia.

Two double headed or four

single headed hydrants.

Tanks above 20 m dia.

Three double headed or six

single headed hydrants.

NOTES -

1. In case tanks are located more than 22.5 m from the dyke

walls, one double hydrant or two single hydrants shall be

replaced by a 38 mm monitor. (Every alternate monitor

should be a foam monitor and a minimum of one such

foam monitor should be provided)

2. For the tanks located more than 45 m from the dyke

walls, in addition to the monitor(s), the tanks shall be

protected by Fixed Foam/Medium Velocity Water Spray

System (Manual/Automatic) complying with the

Committee's rules.

3. Hydrants/Monitors shall not be installed within dyked

enclosures nor can the hydrant main pass through it.

4. Floating roof storage tanks and floating-cum-fixed

storage tanks exceeding 30m in diameter and fixed roof

storage tanks containing products having flash point

below 32o C shall be considered as hydrant protected

only if, supplementary medium velocity water spray

system or fixed/semi fixed foam system (either

automatic or manually operated) conforming to

regulations is also provided.

In case of foam system, there shall be additional

protection by water spray system in the form of a ring

along the top edge of the vertical face of the tank. Other

than dispensing with additional rings, the supplementary

water spray protection shall comply with Committee’s

regulations.

5. Insulated tanks shall also be provided with M.V. Water

Spray Protection.

6. No water spray protection is required for ammonia

spheres/tanks.

7. Cryogenic storage tanks and double walled tanks shall be

treated on par with the insulated tanks. However,

metallic roof of the double walled tanks (RCC or

otherwise) will need to be protected with M.V. Water

Spray System (mandatory) at a rate of 3 lpm/m2 for the

roof portion only.

8. Adequate provision shall be made to promptly and

effectively dispose off all liquids from the fire areas

during operation of fire protection systems in such areas.

7.6.20 For protection of spheres/bullets, hydrants/monitors shall be

located beyond 15 m but within 35 m of the shell of the

spheres/bullets. The number of hydrants/monitors shall be

governed by the water capacity of the bullets/spheres as

specified hereunder -

WATER CAPACITY

NO. OF HYDRANTS

Upto 50 m3

Three single hydrants (or one

single + Two double headed

hydrants)

Above 50 m3 but

upto 150 m3

One monitor + two single (or one

double headed hydrants)

Above 150 m3

Two monitors + four single

hydrants (or two double headed

hydrants)

NOTES –

1. Supplementary protection of bullets/spheres by medium

velocity water spray system (either automatic or

manually operated) conforming to regulations is

mandatory.

2. Hydrant/monitor shall not be installed within dyked/-

fenced enclosures nor can hydrant mains pass through

such enclosures.

7.7 HOSE PIPES AND NOZZLES -

7.7.1 In the case of yard hydrants, hose pipes and nozzles shall be

installed either in central hose stations which shall be of the

type illustrated in figure no. 12 (which enables the condition

and quantity of hose, nozzles, etc. to be checked over at a

glance and ensures that other useful equipment is ready at

hand in the event of a fire) or near each hydrant in glass

fronted hose boxes of suitable design.

N.B. Locations and number of hose stations will depend upon

several factors such as fire loads, accessibility and positions

of watch posts. Prior approval of the Committee shall,

therefore, be obtained regarding locations of the hose stations

before they are constructed.

7.7.2 In case of hydrants on upper floors or internal hydrants,

hosepipes and nozzles shall necessarily be installed near each

hydrant in glass fronted hose boxes of suitable design.

7.7.3 REQUIREMENTS OF HOSE PIPES:

7.7.3.1 If hose is kept in central hose stations, for each of the first ten

hydrants in the compound of the premises (a double headed

hydrant counting as two except where they are provided as a

standard practice throughout the system), two lengths of hose

15 m each and an additional 15 m length for each hydrant in

excess of ten, shall be provided.

NOTE: In case of system having more than 55 hydrant

outlets, the total number of hose lengths required may be

limited to 55 plus 20 percent of the number of hydrant outlets

in excess of 55. Where a fire engine is maintained on the

premises manned by a whole time fire brigade, the number of

hose, pipes required (including those on the engine) would be

55 plus 10 percent of the number of outlets in excess of 55.

7.7.3.2 If hose is kept in hose boxes alongside hydrants, each box

shall contain two lengths of 15 m each.

7.7.3.3 For use with each hydrant on staircase landing or with each

internal hydrant, two lengths of hose 7.5 m shall be provided.

In case of basement hydrants, two lengths of hose 15 m shall

be provided.

7.7.3.4 All hoses shall be of 63 mm diameter of either of the

following types -

i) Unlined flax canvas complying with Indian

Standard IS: 4927.

ii) Rubber lined woven-jacketed complying with Type

A (Reinforced Rubber lined) of Indian Standards IS:

636.

iii) Controlled Percolation type complying with Indian

Standards IS: 8423.

7.7.3.5 Ordinary rubber lined woven-jacketed hose complying with

the specification of Type B of Indian Standards IS: 636 may

be permitted to be used in lieu of the above upto a maximum

of 50 % of the total hose requirements of the hydrant system.

7.7.3.6 All couplings shall be of the instantaneous spring-lock type

and the nozzles shall be of not less than 16 mm in diameter,

nor more than 25 mm in diameter except in case of high

hazard occupancies where the maximum nozzle diameter

may be 32 mm subject to the approval of the Committee. All

couplings, branch pipes and nozzles shall be of gunmetal or

stainless steel and shall otherwise comply with IS: 903, 1984.

7.7.3.7 Hose shall be attached to the coupling (other than of ferrule

type) in the following manner -

Each half of the coupling shall have two 5 mm diameter

holes drilled in the tail. The hose shall be first fixed to the tail

of the coupling with copper rivets then served or bound with

1.5 mm galvanised mild steel or copper wire for a length of

50 mm which will extend to the outer ends of the grooving

on the coupling tail over the galvanised mild steel or copper

wire a leather or equally protective band shall be bound with

four strands of 1.12 mm galvanised mild steel or copper wire

at each end of the band. The protective band shall be carried

beyond the tail of the coupling to prevent leaking.

Copper wire, if used, shall be softened before being used.

Couplings attached to the hose otherwise than by copper

rivets shall not be accepted, as they are apt to become

dislodged under pressure.

7.7.3.8 Spare hose to the extent of 10 percent of the above

requirements, with a minimum quantity of 30 m shall be

always kept readily available. Such spare hose shall also be

in 15-m lengths, readily attached to couplings.

NOTE: In calculating the number of lengths of hose required

under the above scale, any fraction of a number shall be

counted as one.

7.7.3.9 It is recommended that a system of marking and numbering

hose be arranged so that the various lengths are easily

recognisable.

7.7.3.10 In central hose stations and hose boxes a tin containing a set

of spare rubber rings packed in french chalk shall be kept.

7.7.3.11 Central hose stations and hose boxes shall be so arranged that

hose is not exposed to the sunrays.

7.7.3.12 All central hose stations or hose boxes, when provided with

locks shall have one master key which shall be available

either at the main gate or any other prominent and easily

accessible location known to the fire fighting personnel.

7.7.4 REQUIREMENTS OF NOZZLES:

7.7.4.1 The number of nozzles to be provided shall be equivalent to

half the number of hose pipes installed on the premises.

7.7.4.2 In locations where a jet of water directed from a normal type

nozzle is likely to cause more harm than good or where a

gentle spray of water is essential for the extinguishment of a

fire, a fog type or a spray type of nozzle complying with IS:

2871 shall be used.

7.7.4.3 Spare nozzles to the extent of 10 % of the above

requirements, with a minimum of two, shall always be kept

readily available.

7.8 FOAM COMPOUND: Foam systems shall conform to NFPA 11 and 11A, 16A

and/or relevant BIS specifications-IS: 12835 or LPC rules for

Foam Systems. The stock of foam compound to be

maintained shall be equivalent to at least two times the

requirement of the tank needing maximum quantity of foam.

Foam Compound shall be chemically neutral (PH 6.5 to 7.5)

7.9 FIRE FIGHTING PERSONNEL:

7.9.1 As the efficiency of a hydrant service and/or of internal

appliances depends upon the manner and speed with which

they are brought into use and the ability with which the effort

is directed, a squad consisting of watch and ward personnel,

fire pump men and departmental supervisors and/or

operatives trained in the operation of the fire service shall be

maintained on the premises round the clock. The number of

personnel constituting the squad shall necessarily depend

upon the size of the risk, but in no case shall be less than

eight trained persons be available at any time during the day

or night. Minimum number of trained persons required may

be further reduced to six in case of automatic pressurised

hydrant systems.

7.9.2 Squad leaders shall preferably be recognised government

institution trained and their usefulness would be considerably

enhanced if they reside on the premises.

7.9.3 Squad personnel shall be provided with clothing and

equipment including helmets, belts and boots, preferably

gumboots.

7.9.4 A muster roll showing the duties allocated to each member of

the brigade shall be prepared and copies supplied to each

squad leader as well as pasted in convenient places

throughout the premises, so as to be quickly available for

reference in case of emergency.

7.9.5 Practice drills shall take place weekly and it is a condition of

the approval by the Committee to the discount for hydrant

service that wet drills shall be carried out at intervals of not

more than a fort-night and that the entire squad on duty shall

turn out during the visits of the committee’s Inspectors.

7.9.6 During wet drills, hydrants (including those of upper floors),

hose pipes and nozzles, shall be taken into use in rotation

so that the efficacy of these appliances would be

automatically checked and any defects observed, set right.

7.9.7 A register shall be kept as per Appendix V showing details of

all practices and defects, if any, reported in the installation.

This register shall be open to examination by the

Committee’s Inspectorate.

7.9.8 The services of the pump man (see 7.10.1.1.1) could be

profitably utilised for the maintenance of all fire fighting

appliances (including hand appliances - See 4.1.5.1.1). He

shall also be thoroughly conversant with the locations of all

appliances, particularly of hydrant cut-off valves so that in an

eventuality he would be of assistance to the

factory’s fire brigade or the Town’s fire brigade.

7.9.9 Keys of all doors in the factory premises shall always be

available at the main gate.

7.9.10 It is recommended that fire pump room(s) and the main

gate(s) of all factory premises be connected to all

manufacturing sections through the internal telephone

system. Telephones interlinked to this system may

also be put up in proper cubicles at convenient locations near

godown ranges and other strategic points. This would effect

saving of valuable time in an emergency to alert the fire

fighting personnel and the pump man.

7.10 MAINTENANCE:

7.10.1 PUMPS:

7.10.1.1 GENERAL:

7.10.1.1.1 A trained pump man (see 7.9.8) shall be available on all

shifts and at all hours of the day and night to operate the

pumps as and when required.

7.10.1.1.2 Pump sets shall be run for atleast five minutes every day.

7.10.1.1.3 The level of water in the priming tank shall be checked daily

to ensure that the foot valve of the pump is not leaking.

7.10.1.1.4 All pump glands shall be maintained in efficient working

condition and the packing renewed as required to maintain

efficiency.

7.10.1.1.5 Suction and delivery valves shall be examined once every

six months, particularly where sand or other objectionable

matter is liable to be drawn through the pump suction.

7.10.1.1.6 All working parts shall be kept clean and lightly oiled as

cleanliness greatly adds to efficiency. Any necessary repairs

shall be put in hand and carried out immediately.

7.10.1.2 STEAM PUMPS:

7.10.1.2.1 The steam cylinders of pumps shall always be kept warm

and efficient draining arrangements provided.

7.10.1.2.2 A minimum of two sets of piston and bucket rings shall be

provided.

7.10.1.2.3 Small parts such as snifting valves, cushioning valves and

petcocks shall have special attention because faults in these

valves cause the pump to knock badly and lose efficiency.

7.10.1.3 ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN PUMPS:

7.10.1.3.1 The bearing grease cup shall be checked once every week

and refilled with fresh grease, if necessary.

7.10.1.3.2 Starter contacts shall be cleaned once every week.

7.10.1.3.3 Insulation resistance of pump motor circuit shall be

examined once every six months and record of results shall

be maintained.

7.10.2 MAINS:

7.10.2.1 Hydrant mains shall be tested once a fortnight with a pump

delivering at its maximum pressure, with all hydrant valves

closed and, thereafter, a running test with two or more hose

lines each 30 m long operating shall be carried out. This

checks the efficiency of the pump as well as the tightness of

the hydrant mains (See Rule 7.9 also).

7.10.2.2 All cut-off valves shall be operated and oiled, if necessary,

once a month.

7.10.2.3 Cut-off valves shall be thoroughly overhauled annually to

remove sludge and other foreign matter collected in the

valve seating.

7.10.3 HYDRANTS:

7.10.3.1 All hydrants shall be examined systematically once a week

to ensure that valves and spring catches are maintained in

good condition and all brass parts polished.

7.10.3.2 Spare washers shall be kept for hydrant valve seats.

7.10.3.3 It is recommended that the painting of standpoints be carried

out annually.

7.10.4 HOSE PIPES AND NOZZLES:

7.10.4.1 All hose boxes/hose stations shall be inspected externally

once every week to ensure that the equipment installed

therein is intact. Further, the hose boxes/hose stations shall

be cleaned internally and externally once a month.

7.10.4.2 When the hose gets worn out at the tail end of the

coupling(s), it is permissible to cut the end(s) of the hose.

However should the lengths of the hose after cutting(s) fall

below 90 percent of its original, i.e. 15 m or 7.5 m the hose

shall be discarded.

7.10.4.3 A Hose Register shall be kept showing the history of each

length. Information such as date purchased, date brought

into use, date cut (if reduced in length), is useful and a

column shall be provided for remarks by the Committee’s

Inspectors to whose inspection the Hose Register shall be

open.

7.10.4.4 Any hose becoming inefficient through use, neglect or from

any other cause, shall be discarded.

7.10.4.5 Fire protection hose shall not be used for purposes other

than fire protection and drill. All concerns are advised to

keep a supply of cheap hose for watering paths, washing out

or filling boilers, etc. Such hose shall not be mixed with

fire protection hose but kept in an entirely separate place.

7.10.4.6 It is recommended that hose couplings and branch pipes be

polished once a fortnight.

7.11 Considerable diversity of practice has been noticed in the

attention paid to the drying and storing of hose and the

following suggestions in this connection shall be carried

out:

After use, hose to be thoroughly washed in clean water and

then thoroughly dried. A rack or some similar contrivance

atleast 10 m high to be provided so that, after cleaning, hose

may be suspended to drain and dry evenly.

This is to be done in the shade and not in the sunshine so

that the hose is evenly dried inside and out. Care to be

exercised that it is not removed until it is thoroughly dry in

all places. The hose to be then thoroughly brushed with a

hard bristle or wire brush, and re-rolled, care being taken to

choose a dry and clean place whereon to roll it; and replace

in the boxes or hose stations.

Care to be taken after washing that the hose does not touch

the ground, where it might be soiled.

Hose to be rolled up evenly and carefully, the female or

spring coupling end being in the centre. In this manner the

spring clips, when grasped one in each hand, form a `reel’

and the hose can be quickly run out in the event of fire. OR

ALTERNATIVELY

The hose to be doubled in the centre of its length and rolled

up evenly from the fold. Both the Male and Female

couplings will then be on the outside of the roll. This

permits the nozzle being attached to the hose while being

stored in readiness for use, and the hose runs out without

twisting.

7.11 MEASURES TO BE TAKEN WHERE THE INSTALLATION

IS FOR ANY REASON TEMPORARILY INOPERATIVE:

7.11.1 Where the installation is expected to remain inoperative for a

period exceeding 24 hours, prior sanction shall be obtained

from the Committee.

7.11.2 If any component of the hydrant system is to be replaced for

any reason whatsoever, the entire system shall not be

rendered inoperative but the particular section only shall be

isolated by closing the necessary cut-off valves. If, however,

it is not possible to complete the replacement before

nightfall, the cut-off valves shall not be left closed overnight.

Instead, blank flanges shall be provided at the point where

the component has been removed so that the entire system,

other than the component, which has been removed, would

remain operative through the night.

7.11.3 Only one compartment of the reservoir shall be emptied out

at a time of cleaning or repair work.

7.11.4 If the foot valve of the suction line is removed for

cleaning/repairs, it shall, as far as practicable, be replaced

before nightfall.

7.11.5 If the pump is expected to be inoperative for more than 72

hours, every effort shall be made to connect the service water

supply to the hydrant system for the duration the pump is

inoperative.

7.11.6 If the hydrant service is to be extended, the extended portion

shall be first laid and, thereafter, the connection between the

existing system and the extension shall be carried out

expeditiously, so that the entire system is not left inoperative

overnight.

7.12 SPECIAL DISPENSATIONS FOR ELECTRICAL

GENERATING STATIONS, THERMAL/GAS BASED

POWER PANTS.

7.12.1 WATER SUPPLY:

i) The fore bay supplying water to the thermal power

station fed by canals from perennial water sources like

rivers, rivulets, dams etc. may be accepted as firewater

reservoir provided the availability of 2 hours pumping

capacity is ensured.

ii) The cooling water pond (s) may also be accepted as

firewater reservoir provided the availability of 2 hours

pumping capacity is ensured.

NOTE: Cooling water basins shall not be acceptable as

equivalent to cooling water ponds.

7.12.2 PUMPS:

The pump duties shall be generally selected as per Table 2

under Rule No.7.4.1.4.1 of FP Manual. However, where

situation warrants, higher capacity pumps not exceeding 410

m3/hr and 88 m head may be acceptable. In order to achieve

the minimum pressure of 3.5 Kg./cm2 at higher elevation,

booster pump(s) with a capacity of 137 m3/Hr., having

requisite rated head may be acceptable.

NOTES

1. The booster pump shall be regarded as a pressure-

compensating device only.

2. A higher capacity booster pump may be stipulated by the

Committee where considered necessary.

3. Booster pump shall be located at ground level only.

Electrically driven booster pump(s) shall in addition to

the normal supply be connected to the emergency power

supply also.

7.12.3 ABOVE GROUND HYDRANT MAINS:

In case of practical difficulties in maintaining the stipulated

distance from the face of the building in case of above

ground over head mains, warranted under demanding

circumstances in specific areas, for example between Boiler

House and TG Building and between Transformer and T.G.

Building, the same may be permitted provided the mains

installed in such areas form part of sub-ring only.

7.12.4 STAIRCASES FOR STOREVED TG HALL/BOILER

HOUSE/MILL BAY:

The staircase shall be distributed as far as possible along four

sides of the building. The number of staircases shall be such

that no part of such floor is more than 45 m from the nearest

staircase.

At least 50 % of the number of staircases thus arrived at shall

conform to Rules 7.6.15.1, 7.6.15.2 and 7.6.15.3. The

remaining staircases shall be preferably located along the

periphery of the building, but need not necessarily be

separated as per regulations.

7.12.5 RULE 7.7.3.3 REQUIREMENT OF HOSE PIPES IN

T.G.HALL/BOILLER HOUSE/MILL BAY:

For use with each hydrant on staircase landing two lengths of

hoses 15 m each and a nozzle with attached branch pipe shall

be provided in hose box alongside each landing valve.

+ + + + + + + + +

8. HYDRANT PROTECTION OF COTTON GIN & PRESS FACTORIES

8.1 RESERVOIR:

The construction and location of the reservoir shall be as

indicated in rule 7.3. The effective capacity (above the level

of the foot valve seat) shall be equivalent to 2 hours’ installed

pumping capacity.

8.2 PUMPS:

8.2.1 Pumps shall be direct-coupled. However, existing belt-driven

pumps may be accepted at the discretion of the Committee.

8.2.2 The Pumps shall be capable of delivering not less than 19

LPS at a head of 70 m. Where, however, the number of

hydrants in the system exceeds 55; the pump capacity shall be

not less than 38 litres/second.

8.2.3 The pump shall be so located as to be both easily accessible

and where any falling masonry and the like from other

buildings, occasioned by fire or other cause, cannot damage

the pump room. The pump room shall be located 6 m away

from all surrounding buildings, overhead structures and

storages in the open.

8.2.4 Rules 7.4.1.6, 7.4.18, 7.4.1.9 and 7.4.1.12 shall be complied

with.

8.2.5 Electric supply to the fire pump shall comply with rule 7.4.3.

NOTE: In case of steam-driven pump, adequate steam supply

to drive the pump at its duty shall be constantly maintained

during the whole of the working season.

8.3 MAINS:

8.3.1 Mains shall be of Cast Iron, galvanised iron or mild steel and

be laid underground.

8.3.2 The mains shall be laid in loops around the Gin & Press

houses.

8.3.3 All loops and feeder mains shall be of 100 mm bore but

branch mains may be of 80 mm bore.

N.B. - The Committee may insist on larger sized mains where

deemed necessary.

8.4 HYDRANTS:

8.4.1 Rules 7.6.3, 7.6.4, 7.6.6, 7.6.7, and 7.6.8 shall be complied

with.

8.4.2 Location of the hydrants shall be as under -

8.4.2.1 There shall be a minimum of three hydrants within 3 m of

Gin house and of Press house.

8.4.2.2 There shall be minimum of two hydrants within 15 m of

Godown or sheds used for storing cotton or Kappas.

8.4.2.3 For open storage, hydrants shall be distributed in such a way

that any portion of the storage is protected by atleast two

hydrants at a distance not exceeding 35 m.

N.B. If the compounds are only partially used for storage of

cotton and/or kappas, the owner shall declare the area he

proposes for storage for determining the fire protection

thereof.

In this case, the portion reserved for storage shall be

demarcated by a wired fencing and a plan thereof shall be

lodged with the Committee.

8.5 HOSE PIPES AND NOZZLES:

One 63 mm diameter hosepipe of 15 m length and one nozzle

of 20 mm diameter with its attached branch pipe shall be

provided in a suitable hose box alongside each hydrant.

8.6 FIRE-FIGHTING STAFF:

A minimum of six trained personnel shall be available at all

times. Apart from the above, three night watchmen shall

also be available on the premises.

+ + + + + + + + + +

9. MUTUAL AID SCHEME

SCOPE: (Meant for plants other than petrochemical plants,

petroleum Refineries and LPG Bottling Plants).

9.1 MEMBERSHIP

Membership should be of two or more industrial plants,

warehouses and public utilities.

9.2 GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE:

The coverage shall be as follows -

a) Not exceeding 16 kM. for Light Hazard risks

b) Not exceeding 12 kM for Ordinary hazard risks

c) Not exceeding 10 kM for High hazard (A) risks

If the concerned risks are of different categories, least of the

distances must be considered.

N.B. Add 4 km to actual distances for each of the Railway

Crossing encountered.

9.3 SECRETARIAT AND COMMUNICATION.

9.3.1 There shall be a full time permanent Secretary having a

back ground in fire fighting relevant to the types of

industries included in the scheme with a permanent office

and necessary staff.

9.3.2 The member industries should mutually evolve an

effective liaison and communication system.

9.3.3 Direct Telephone/Radio Communication/wired alarm/siren

system be provided subject to prior approval of the

Committee. Call procedures be laid down and frequent

trials with such systems would be necessary.

9.4 INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS FIRE FIGHTING

REQUIREMENTS

9.4.1 A hydrant system supplemented by First Aid Appliances

installed in conformity with the FP Manual.

9.4.2 Stock of foam compound as per the provisions of Rule 7.8

of F P Manual if the occupancy of the risk warrants use of

foam and will comply with the requirements of NFPA-11,

1998.

9.4.3 Not less than 8 trained persons must be available in any

shift out of which 4 shall be full-time fire fighting

personnel.

9.4.4 Fire Explosion accidents must be fully investigated by the

member units and their findings which might be fruitful

and effective in preventing a recurrence should be made

available to other members, which would benefit all plants

without interfering with anyone plants autonomy.

9.5 ADDITIONAL CAPACITY FOR MUTUAL USE:

In the event of outbreak of fire, the members of mutual

laid scheme should be able to supplement in the shortest

possible time, the resources of the affected plant, to the

extent given below -

9.5.1 Mobile fire fighting capacity by a motor fire engine of 400

gpm capacity at 7 kg/cm2.

9.5.2 In case the occupancy of any one of the signatories to the

scheme warrants the application of foam compound shall

be provided to the extent of 25 % of the requirements of

such plant.

N.B. In case, the occupancy of more than one risk

warrants, the use of foam, the stock to be maintained shall

be 25 % of the requirement of the risk needing larger stock

of foam.

9.6 OTHER REQUIREMENTS:

9.6.1 Fire explosion safety of the plant and extensions should

preferably be checked every six months, but at least

annually using an audit system and utilising check lists

where appropriate.

9.6.2 Practice drills should be arranged once in three months

(each time in different units) to familiarise those concerned

with the actions expected of them, and at the same time

testing the equipment available in each unit.

9.6.3 Deployment of personnel to an affected plant from other

members of the scheme should not be subject to any

constraints arising out of staff problems.

9.7 INTERCHANGEABILITY OF EQUIPMENT

9.7.1 To the extent possible, individual plants should follow

such standard in the purchase of equipment to have free

Interchangeability. Where this is not practical, suitable

adapter pieces must be kept in readiness for hooking of un-

interchangeable equipment.

9.7.2 Each risk should maintain a sensible policy and not strip

itself of equipment, which it might need in the case of

trouble in its own property which may be simultaneous

with a disaster elsewhere.

+ + + + + + + + + + + +

APPENDIX I

The Secretary,

Tariff Adv. Committee

New Delhi

Dear Sir,

APPLICATION FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING

APPLIANCES (S) DISCOUNT

(Risk)

Please sanction, as from date of receipt by you of this application, a

Discount of.……% for the following Extinguishing Appliances :-

Applying to Buildings -

(The occupation floor wise and block Nos. of each building must be clearly

stated).

I/We enclose plan of the risk with all details marked thereon.

I/We certify that to the best of my/our knowledge and belief the appliances

referred to have been installed in strict accordance with the rules of the

Committee and I/We also certify that the Plan submitted is drawn up in

accordance with the Committee's Rules and is correct and up-to-date.

I/We also certify that a copy of the Plan exact in every detail, is available

for the Committee's Inspector's use at the Mill (or premises above referred to).

I/We enclose full particulars of the appliances available together with letter

of Guarantee signed by the Assured.

I am (We are),

Yours faithfully

_____________________________________________________________

For use of the Committee only.

Date received:

Date inspected:

Inspector's comments:

Discount sanctioned:

Date of Minutes

Reference Number: Inspector

APPENDIX II

The Secretary,

Regional office

Dear Sir,

GUARANTEE REGARDING FIRE EXTINGUISHING APPLIANCES

In consideration of your Committee granting a Discount for the Fire

Extinguishing Appliances detailed on attached/signed form which we have

installed in the.............................. situated at . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .

I/We hereby engage ourselves --

1. To maintain and upkeep the said appliances in efficient working order and

where such appliances and Committee’s Rules require the upkeep of a trained

Fire Brigade, to maintain such Brigade to its full numbers in an efficient state.

2. To advise the Committee and first obtain permission should at any time it be

necessary to close down supply to pumps or in any way render the appliances

out of operation for repairs, overhaul, etc.

3. Not to extend, alter or demolish protected Buildings or to erect new Buildings

in the compound of the premises without supplying the Committee with a

revised plan or revising the plan filed with the Committee.

4. To keep at the above-described premises a copy, exact in every detail, of the

plan supplied to your Committee, same to be available to the Committee's

Inspector during his visits of inspection.

5. Not to re-number (or re-letter) Buildings, Compartments, etc., as

recorded on the plan filed with the Committee without advising the Committee

of such revision.

I am (We are),

Yours faithfully,

Note: All communications to the Committee must be through the Leading

Office on the risk.

The Space for the use of the Committee only,

Date from which sanctioned

Reference Number

Remarks

Minutes of

APPENDIX III

DETAILS OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS APPLIANCES

AVAILABLE AT _____________________________ (Name of

Risk)

DETAILS OF BUCKETS, EXTINGUISEHRS AND HAND APPLIANCES

Deptt.

Area

(sq.m)

Number

of Buckets

Extinguishers/Hand Pumps

Number

Type

Cap.

Manufacturer's

Name

SMALL BORE HOSE REELS -

1. Name of manufacturer

2. Material Diameter and Length

3. Diameter of Nozzle

4. Source of Supply - State whether a non – stop supply is available

Dept.

Size

(Length x

Breadth)

Number

of Reels

Maximum distance of

any point of the room

from nearest hose reel.

WATER SUPPLY (IES) -

A. Underground Reservoir -

1. Capacity in litres.

2. Whether lined or not

3. Division if any and interconnections

between them

4. Capacities (in litres) of connected tanks

(elevated or otherwise)

a)

b)

c) .

d) Net effective capacity available for

fire pumps

5. Sources of inflow to the underground

reservoir whether lakes, rivers, wells,

town's mains etc.

6. Aggregate inflow in litres per minute (with

nipple position of inflow, overflow and

normal water level.

7. In case of inflow from town's mains,

indicate size of inflow pipe and size of

meter, and also state whether the supply

is continuous of intermittent.

B. Elevated Sprinkler Tank(s).

1. Number of tanks.

2. Capacities in litres and height in metre of

base from ground level

3. Height in metre of highest Sprinklered

building.

C. Pressure Tank(s)

1. Location of tank.

2. Capacity in litres

3. Quantity of water contained in litres.

4. Air Pressure.

PUMP (S).

A. Hydrant Pump(s) (Full Nameplate details)

1. Type(s)

2. Make(s) and year(s) of manufacture.

3. General Specifications:

a) Capacity (Lit. /Min.)

b) Pressure gauge, reading at delivery

stops value (Kg/cm2).

c) Sizes of suction and delivery pipes

4. Details of steam pump(s) if applicable -

a) Diameter of steam and water

cylinders and length of stroke.

b) No. of strokes per minute.

c) Diameter of steam pipe and pressure

available at pump end

d) No. of steam boilers in the battery

and working pressure

e) Size of water relief valve on pump

delivery and pressure at which it is

set.

5. Details of electrically driven pump(s) if

applicable -

a) Diameter of pump impeller.

b) Material of which the impeller is

made.

c) Speed in RPM

d) H.P. and Voltage of driving motor,

type of enclosure and class of

winding insulation, Motor full load

current.

e) Details of electric supply -

i) Plan showing locations of

pump house and transformer

sub-station and table for control

logic of pumps.

ii) Circuit diagram of electric

supply to the fire pump(s) with

incoming cable, automatic

circuit breaker, starting

switchgear, position of voltage

release coil etc.

6. Details of Petrol, Motor spirit or

Compression-ignition Engine Driven

Pump(s) if applicable -

a) Diameter of pump impeller

b) Material of which the impeller is

made

c) Speed and Horse Power of the

engine driving pump(s)

d) Method of starting the engine.

e) Quantity in litres of fuel contained in

the tank and that stored in the

premises.

f) Location and details of batteries,

battery charger and diesel engine

control panel.

B. SPRINKLER PUMP (S)

1. Type(s)

2. Make(s) and year(s) of manufacture

3. General Specifications:

a) Capacity (Lit./min.)

b) Pressure gauge reading at delivery

stop valve (Kg.cm2).

c) Sizes of suction and delivery pipes.

4. Details of steam pump(s), if applicable -

a) Diameter of steam and water

cylinders and length of stroke.

b) No. of strokes per minute.

c) Diameter of steam pipe and pressure

available at pump end.

d) No. of steam boilers in the battery

and working pressure.

e) Size of water relief valve on pump

delivery and pressure at which it is

set

5. Details of electrically driven pump(s), if

applicable -

a) Diameter of pump impeller

b) Material of which the impeller is

made.

c) Speed in R.P.M.

d) H.P. and Voltage of driving motor,

type of enclosure and class of

winding insulation.

e) Details of electric supply -

i) Plan showing locations of

direct feeder, pump house and

transformer sub-station.

ii) Circuit diagram of electric

supply to the fire pump(s) with

incoming cable, ACB and

automatic starting mode.

6. Details of Petrol, Motor Spirit or

Compression Ignition Engine Driven

Pump(s), if applicable -

a) Diameter of pump impeller.

b) Material of which the impeller is

made

c) Speed and House Power of the

engine driving pump(s).

d) Method of starting the engine.

e) Quantity in litres of fuel contained in

the tank and that stored in the

premises.

7. Make and type of automatic regulator.

8. What is the pressure at the level of the

highest sprinkler when the 50mm. waste

valve is fully open?

HYDRANT MAINS

1. Type of underground and/or overhead mains

with method of jointing.

2. Internal diameter of ring main.

3. Internal diameter of terminal mains.

4. To what pressure have the pipes been tested

HYDRANTS

1. Type and Make.

2. No. of single-headed hydrants

3. No. of double-headed hydrants.

4. No. of upper floor hydrants.

5. Type and diameter of stand pipes -

a) Single headed.

b) Double headed.

6. Are all the coupling inter-changeable?

HOSE

1. Material and Diameter.

2. Manufacturer's Name and Guarantee for

bursting pressure.

3. No. of lengths of 15 m and 7.5 m respectively.

4. At what pressure the hose has been tested

by the insured.

5. Where is hose kept?

6. No. of branch pipes and nozzles and their

diameters.

SPRINKLER INSTALLATION

1. No. of installation valves and departments

served by each valve.

2. Total load on each installation valve.

3. Type, make and fusing temperature of the

sprinkler heads used.

FIRE FIGHTING PERSONNEL

1. Is the pump man always on duty?

2. Minimum number of trained personnel

available at any time for fire fighting

purposes.

3. Are any means employed to ensure night

watchman going around the risk at regular

intervals?

4. Is there a muster-book for fire drills?

5. How is fire alarm given to fire fighting

personnel?

TESTING OF APPLIANCES

1. How often are the following tested and/or

examined -

a) Sprinkler tank and backpressure Valves.

b) Sprinkler and/or hydrant pumps and their

accessories.

c) Sprinkler installation valves.

d) Hydrant installation and valves.

1. Is a record of all tests and defects found

maintained?

LOCAL FIRE BRIGADE

1. How far is the nearest city fire brigade?

2. How can a communication be sent to city fire

brigade?

3. Are the city fire brigade officers familiar with

the risk?

Dated .....20.

Signature..........

(Form to be signed by the Owner of the Premises).

APPENDIX - IV

CERTIFICATE FROM INSURER'S ENGINEER

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

I hereby confirm that I have verified the portable Fire Extinguishing

Appliances installed at the above risk and found them to be in

accordance with the enclosed list. I also confirm that the distribution is

generally in accordance with the Committee's requirements, and

that the appliances are well maintained and are being periodically

hydro tested as per IS: 2190.

Yours faithfully,

APPENDIX - V

FIRE DRILLS REGISTER

Sr. No. ______________ Date :

___________

Typ

e o

f Drill

Dry

or W

et

Se

rial N

os.

of H

yd

ran

ts

Op

era

ted

Du

ratio

n o

f

Op

era

tion

of

Pu

mp

s

Re

ma

rks/

De

fec

ts

ob

serv

ed

if an

y

Sig

na

ture

of F

ire

Ma

rsha

ll

Sig

na

ture

of W

ork

s

Ma

na

ge

r

Name and designation of persons attending the drills

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

NOTE – Squad personnel shall be provided with clothing and

equipment including helmets confirming to IS: 2745 or IS: 2925,

belts and boots preferably gun boots.

APPENDIX - VI

TABLE SHOWING PRESSURES OF WATER IN

Kg/cm2 FOR EVERY METRE IN

HEIGHT UPTO 60 m

Height in

metres

Pressure in

Kg./cm2

Height in

meters

Pressure in

Kg./cm2

1

0.1

15

1.5

2

0.2

20

2.0

3

0.3

25

2.5

4

0.4

30

3.0

5

0.5

35

3.5

6

0.6

40

4.0

7

0.7

45

4.5

8

0.8

50

5.0

9

0.9

55

5.5

10

1.0

60

6.0

NOTE: - In applying this table the height of the Highest Sprinkler above

the Pressure Gauge must be ascertained and the pressure to be

allowed for such height will be obtained by reference to the table. For

example, if the gauge records a pressure of 4.25 Kg./cm2, and the

highest sprinkler is 28 m above the gauge, there will be a pressure of,

say, 1.45 Kg./cm2 on the highest sprinkler.