Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
Transcript of Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
1/74
Fire & Arson
InvestigationProcedures &
Practices
F/SUPT HERBERT B CEZAR
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
2/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
3/74
I. NATURE OF FIRE INVESTIGATIONS
A fre or explosion investigation is acomplex endeavor involving both art andscience. The compilation o actual data, aswell as an analysis o those acts, should be
accomplished objectively and truthully.
The basic methodology o the freinvestigation should rely on the use o a
systematic approach and attention to allrelevant details.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
4/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
5/74
I. NATURE OF FIRE INVESTIGATIONS
The use o a systematic approach otenwill uncover new actual data or analysis,which may require previous conclusions to bereevaluated.
With a ew exceptions, the propermethodology or a fre or explosioninvestigation is to frst determine and
establish the origins!, then investigate thecause" W#AT $%&$'()TA*$+), $*-%T%*),& A+*$%+) $A')+- T#+ %*%T%* )'&$+,/'+0, A*- 1%-A*T T $(+ T+T#+&2
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
6/74
II. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH
The systematic approach recommendedis that o the scientifc method, which is usedin the physical sciences.
This method provides or theorgani3ational and analytical process sodesirable and necessary in a successul freinvestigation.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
7/74
III. RELATING FIRE INVESTIGATION TOTHE SCIENTIFIC METHOD
The scientifc method is a principalo inquiry that orms a basis orlegitimate scientifc and engineering
processes, including fre incidentinvestigation.
The scientifc method is appliedusing the ollowing six steps.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
8/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
9/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
10/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
11/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the #$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e $e*-oning(
De,e&o# * h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e $e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&
h"#othe-i-
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
12/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
a. &ecogni3e the *eed
/irst, one shoulddetermine that a problem
exists. %n this case a fre orexplosion has occurred andthe cause should bedetermined and listed so thatuture, similar incidents canbe prevented.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
13/74
b. -efne the 4roblem
#aving determined thata problem exists, theinvestigator or analyst should
defne in what manner theproblem can be solved.
%n this case, a properorigin and causeinvestigation should beconducted.
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
14/74
b. -efne the 4roblem
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
This is done by anexamination o the scene andby a combination o other
data collection methods,such as the review opreviously conductedinvestigations o the incident,the interviewing o witnessesor other 5nowledgeablepersons, and the results o
scientifc testing.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
15/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
c. $ollect -ata
/acts about the freincident are now collected.
This is done by observation,experiment, or other directdata gathering means. This iscalled empirical databecause it is based onobservation or experienceand is capable o being
verifed.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
16/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
d. Analy3e the -ata%nductive &easoning!
All o the collected andobserved inormation isanaly3ed by inductivereasoning.
This is the process in
which the total body oempirical data collected iscareully examined in thelight o the investigator6s
5nowledge, training, and
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
17/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
)ubjective orspeculative inormation
cannot be included in theanalysis, only acts that canbe clearly proven byobservation or experiment.
d. Analy3e the -ata%nductive &easoning!
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
18/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
e. -evelop a #ypothesis
7ased on the dataanalysis, the investigatorshould now produce ahypothesis or group ohypotheses to explain theorigin and cause o the fre orexplosion incident.
This hypothesis shouldbe based solely on theempirical data that the
investigator has collected.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
19/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
All other reasonableorigins and causes should be
eliminated.
The investigator doesnot have a truly provable
hypothesis unless it canstand the test o careul andserious challenge.
. Test the #ypothesis-eductive &easoning!
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
20/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
. Test the #ypothesis-eductive &easoning!
This is done by theprinciple o deductivereasoning, in which the
investigator compares his orher hypothesis to all 5nownacts.
% the hypothesis cannotwithstand an examination bydeductive reasoning, itshould be discarded as not
provable and a new
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
21/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
. Test the #ypothesis-eductive &easoning!
This may include thecollection o new data or thereanalysis o existing data.
This process needs tobe continued until all easiblehypotheses have been
tested.
therwise the fre causeshould be listed as
8undetermined.9
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
22/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the
#$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e$e*-oning(
De,e&o# *h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e$e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&h"#othe-i-
dete$'ine c*+-e(
. Test the #ypothesis-eductive &easoning!
4resumption o $ause
'ntil data have beencollected, no specifchypothesis can be reasonablyormed or treated. All fres,
however, should beapproached by theinvestigator w:opresumption.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
23/74
Recognize the needidenti!" the #$o%&e'(
De)ne the #$o%&e'
Co&&ect d*t*
An*&"ze the d*t*ind+cti,e $e*-oning(
De,e&o# * h"#othe-i-
Te-t the h"#othe-i-ded+cti,e $e*-oning(
Se&ect )n*&
h"#othe-i-
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
24/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
'sing the scientifc method in most freor explosion incidents should involve theollowing fve major steps rom inceptionthrough fnal analysis.
&+$+%;%* T#+ A))%*(+*T 4&+4A&%* /& T#+ %*;+)T%AT%*
$*-'$T%* T#+ %*;+)T%AT%*
$00+$T%* A*- 4&+)+&;%*
+;%-+*$+
A*A0
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
25/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
&eceiving the Assignment
The investigator should be notifedo the incident, what his or her role willbe, and what he or she is to accomplish.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
26/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
&eceiving the Assignment
The investigator should 5now i heor she is expected to determine theorigin, cause, and responsibility> producea written or oral report> prepare orcriminal or civil litigation> ma5e
suggestions or code enorcement, codepromulgation, or changes> ma5esuggestions to manuacturers, industryassociations, or government agency
action> or determine some other results.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
27/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
4reparing or the %nvestigation
The investigator should marshal his
or her orces and resources and plan theconduct o the investigation.
4replanning at this stage can
greatly increase the e?ciency andthereore the chances or success o theoverall investigation.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
28/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
4reparing or the %nvestigation
+stimating what tools, equipment,
and personnel both laborers andexperts! will be needed can ma5e theinitial scene investigation, as well assubsequent investigative examinations
and analyses, go more smoothly and bemore productive.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
29/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
$onducting the %nvestigation The investigator should conduct an
examination o the scene, i it is available,and collect data necessary to the analysis.
The actual investigation may ta5e andinclude di@erent steps and procedures, andthese will be determined by the purpose o
the investigation assignment.
These steps and procedures are
described in detail elsewhere in the
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
30/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
$onducting the %nvestigationA typical fre or explosion investigation may include all
or some o the ollowing"
a scene inspection> scene documentation through photography and
diagramming> evidence recognition, documentation, andpreservation> witness interviews> review and analysis o the investigations o others>
and identifcation and collection o data or inormationrom other appropriate sources.
%t is during this phase o the investigation that the
data necessary or the analysis o the incident will be
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
31/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
32/74
IV. ASIC METHOD OF A FIREINVESTIGATION
Analy3ing the %ncident
All collected and available datashould be analy3ed using the principles othe scientifc method. An incident
scenario or ailure analysis should bedescribed, explaining the origin, cause,fre spread, and responsibility or theincident.
$onclusions should be drawnaccording to the principles expressed in
this guide.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
33/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
34/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
35/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
36/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
37/74
V. REPORTING PROCEDURES
The reporting procedure may ta5e manywritten or oral orms, depending on thespecifc responsibility o the investigator.
4ertinent inormation should be reported in aproper orm and orum to help preventrecurrence.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
38/74
Establising te Role o!
First Res"ondersThe actions of public safety personnel
providing emergency services at a re
scene are critical not only to lifesavingand re suppression eorts but also toany subsequent investigation of theincident.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
39/74
1. #bserve te Fire and Scene Conditions
While approaching a fire scene, first
responders should observe and mentally
note the following conditions and activities
and, as soon as conditions permit, initiate
permanent documentation of theinformation (e.g., written notes, voice
recordings, videotapes):
4&$+-'&+
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
40/74
A. The presence, location, and conditionof victims and witnesses.
. !ehicles leaving the scene, bystanders,or unusual activities near the scene.
". #lame and smo$e conditions (e.g., thevolume of flames and smo$e% the color,
height, and location of the flames% thedirection in which the flames andsmo$e are moving).
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
41/74
&. The type of occupancy and use of the structure(e.g., a residential occupancy being used as abusiness).
'. "onditions of the structure (e.g., lights turned on%fire through the roof% walls standing% open, closed,or bro$en windows and doors).
#. "onditions surrounding the scene (e.g., bloc$eddriveways, debris, damage to other structures).
. Weather conditions.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
42/74
. *nusual characteristics of the scene (e.g., the
presence of containers, e+terior burning or
charring on the building, the absence of normalcontents, unusual odors, fire trailers).
-. The fire suppression techniues used, includingventilation, forcible entry, and utility shutoff
measures.
/. The status of fire alarms, security alarms, and
sprin$lers.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
43/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
44/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
45/74
0 '+ercise cene afety
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
46/74
0. '+ercise cene afety
*pon arrival at the scene, first responders should:
A. 'valuate the scene for safety ha2ards (e.g., structuralcollapse of the building% smo$e% electrical, chemical, orbiological ha2ards% other health ris$s).
. 'stablish safety3ha2ard 2ones.
". "ommunicate ha2ards to other personnel arriving at the
scene.
&. *se tools and personal protective euipment appropriate tothe tas$ during all operations.
4&$+-'&+
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
47/74
&A4'5:
The scene may contain devices specificallydesigned to $ill or maim public safety
responders. &o not touch any suspectedincendiary or e+plosive device. 'vacuatethe area, and reuest the services ofpersonnel trained in the removal of such
items.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
48/74
6. 7reserve the #ire cene
To preserve evidence, first responders should:
A. 8bserve and mentally note evidence that maybe present at the scene, such as:
#ire patterns (including multiple fire locations).
urn in9uries to victims and fire patterns on
clothing.
4&$+-'&+
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
49/74
Trailers, ignitable liuids, or other unusual fueldistribution (e.g., piles of newspapers, furniturepushed together).
-ncendiary3ignition3e+plosive devices (e.g.,
lighters, matches, timing devices).
hoe prints and tire impressions.
ro$en windows and doors.
&istribution of bro$en glass and debris.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
50/74
-ndications of forced entry (tools and tool
mar$s).
"ontainers.
&iscarded clothing.
Trace evidence (e.g., hairs, fibers,
fingerprints, blood, other body fluids).
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
51/74
'vidence of crimes in addition to the
possible arson (e.g., weapons, bodies,drugs, clandestine drug laboratoryeuipment).
Witnesses, bystanders, and victims.
Any other unusual items or the absenceof normal contents or structuralcomponents.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
52/74
. 5ecogni2e threats to evidence (i.e., its movement, removal,
contamination, or destruction) from any of the following sources:
#ire suppression activities, such as a straight streamapplied at the point of origin or deluge applications thatmay wash away or dilute potential evidence.
8verhaul activities that destroy fire patterns.
alvage activities that involve moving or removing
potential physical evidence.
*se of a tool in any manner that causes destruction ofevidence.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
53/74
ovement of $nobs, switches, and
controls on appliances and utilities.
Weather conditions that affect transient
evidence (i.e., wind, precipitation, ortemperature changes).
7ersonnel wal$ing through the scene.
Witnesses and victims leaving the scene.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
54/74
edical intervention and treatment of victims(e.g., by damaging evidence at the scene ordestroying victims; clothing).
7remature removal or movement of bodies.
!ehicles at the scene (e.g., that introduce fluidto the scene through vehicle lea$s or destroyother evidence, including shoe prints and tireimpressions).
"ontamination from e+ternal sources, such asfuel
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
55/74
". 7rotect 'vidence by:
=imiting e+cessive fire suppression, overhaul, and salvage.
Avoiding needless destruction of property.
=eaving bodies undisturbed.
#lagging items of evidence with cones or mar$ers.
5ecording observations through written notes or voice
recordings.
"overing items or areas containing evidence with ob9ects thatwill not contaminate the evidence (e.g., clean bo+es or
tarpaulins).
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
56/74
-solating items or areas containing evidence with rope, barriertape, barricades, or sentries.
5etaining and securing clothing items removed from victimsand suspects.
8btaining information about victims and witnesses (i.e., theirnames, addresses, and telephone numbers).
7reserving transient evidence (e.g., trace evidence, shoeprints, tire impressions).
5emoving evidence at ris$ of imminent destruction by the fireor the structural collapse of the damaged building.
'nsuring that later arriving investigators are fully apprised ofthe evidence discovered.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
57/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
58/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
59/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
60/74
'stablish ecurity and "ontrol
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
61/74
. 'stablish ecurity and "ontrol
A. et up a security perimeter (e.g., using
barrier tape, fire line, sentry).
. "ontrol access into the scene through
the security perimeter.
". -nitiate documentation of the scene.
4&$+-'&+
> "oordinate Activities
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
62/74
>. "oordinate Activities
To coordinate activities at the scene, first respondersshould:
A. 'stablish a command post and implement anincident command system (i.e., a point of contactand line of communication and authority for publicsafety personnel).
. 'stablish staging areas to ensure that emergencyand support vehicles have access into the area.
4&$+-'&+
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
63/74
". 5euest additional personnel resources,
such as firefighters, ' personnel, law
enforcement officers, investigators, andrepresentatives of utility companies.
&. -nform authorities about the status of theincident, ha2ards, in9uries, witnesses, the
location of evidence, and other pertinent
facts.
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
64/74
#our 7hases of #ire cene -nvestigation
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
65/74
#irst 7hase
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
66/74
7rotect37reserve #ire
cene-nformation athering
arricade Tape
"ordon 5ope
7osting of *niform7ersonnel
'licitation
-nterview
8verhaul
#ire uppression
5ecogni2e Threats to
'vidence
alvage
*se of Tools
"onstant Wal$ing through the
cene
-nterrogation
5ecording3&ocumentation
7hotography
$etching
4ote Ta$ing
Audio3!ideo *tili2ation
Fire Scene Investigation
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
67/74
0nd 7hase
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
68/74
8bservation
Analysis
#ire 7attern
Analysis
=ine an area of
&emarcation
=ocation of Area of
8rigin
*nusual 'vent 7rior
to #ire
#ire "ause
4on
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
69/74
urface effects
Alligator
&eep of "harring
palling
"lean urn
5ate of "harring
8+idation
mo$e oot
7enetration of
ori2ontal urface
*?! 7attern
Arrow 7attern
addle urn
-nverted *?! 7attern
7ointer
=oss of
aterials
elting
#ire 7attern Analysis
"alcination
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
70/74
6rd 7hase
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
71/74
5ecogni2e3-dentify
'vidence
trip ethod
&ouble trip
@one
Wheel
5ecord3&ocument
'vidence 7rior to
"ollection
'vidence "ollection,
7ac$aging Transport
7hotograph 'vidence
7rior to "ollection
$etch ? measure
'vidence =ocation
7lace 'vidence to
uitable "ontainer
Tag, eal ? ar$
7repare 'vidence "hain
of "ustody #orm
7ac$agingTransmittal =etter
piral
8bserve tandard "ollection
5euirements
(Wearing of loves)
earch, 5ecogni2e, "ollect37reserve 'vidence
#lagging
ar$ing
0 witness
reuirements
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
72/74
th 7hase
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
73/74
-
8/19/2019 Fire & Arson Investigation Procedure & Practices(new)
74/74
-T - T58* B48W='&' TAT - A-4C
*4&'5TA4&-4CA4& *4&'5TA4&-4 ='T
' &8 D "8-"' WAT 8T'5 &8 D
"84T5A-4T 8# #'A5E
A5-T8T='