Find it / Fix it Comma Errors. Missing Comma After Introductory Element Place a comma after the...
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Find it / Fix itFind it / Fix itFind it / Fix itFind it / Fix it
Comma ErrorsComma ErrorsComma ErrorsComma Errors
Missing Comma After Missing Comma After Introductory ElementIntroductory ElementMissing Comma After Missing Comma After Introductory ElementIntroductory Element
Place a comma after the following Place a comma after the following
introductory elements in your work.introductory elements in your work.Place a comma after the following Place a comma after the following
introductory elements in your work.introductory elements in your work.
WordsWordsWordsWords
Place a comma after introductory words of Place a comma after introductory words of
direct address, words of permission, and direct address, words of permission, and
interjections.interjections.
James, can you hand me that paper?James, can you hand me that paper?
No, I can’t find it.No, I can’t find it.
Great, I will see you at Great, I will see you at thethe movie movie
PhrasesPhrasesPhrasesPhrases
Place a comma after introductory Place a comma after introductory
prepositional, participial, and infinitive prepositional, participial, and infinitive
phrases.phrases.
To play your best, you need to practice.To play your best, you need to practice.
Running slowly, I finally made it to the Running slowly, I finally made it to the
finish line.finish line.
What in the world are these phrases??????What in the world are these phrases??????
ClausesClausesClausesClauses
Introductory adverbial clauses should be Introductory adverbial clauses should be
followed by a comma.followed by a comma.
When the conductor boards the train, it When the conductor boards the train, it
will start moving.will start moving.
What in the world is an adverbial What in the world is an adverbial
clause?????clause???????
Commas and Nonessential Commas and Nonessential ElementsElements
Commas and Nonessential Commas and Nonessential ElementsElements
Use commas to set off nonessential (not Use commas to set off nonessential (not
important) elements of sentences.important) elements of sentences.Use commas to set off nonessential (not Use commas to set off nonessential (not
important) elements of sentences.important) elements of sentences.
AppositiveAppositiveAppositiveAppositive
If an appositive is not essential to the If an appositive is not essential to the
meaning of a sentence, it should be set off meaning of a sentence, it should be set off
by commas.by commas.
Julie’s dog, a golden retriever, chases Julie’s dog, a golden retriever, chases
after the tennis ball.after the tennis ball.
Participial PhraseParticipial PhraseParticipial PhraseParticipial Phrase
A participial phrase not essential to the A participial phrase not essential to the
meaning of a sentence is set off by meaning of a sentence is set off by
commas.commas.
The dog, running through the park, The dog, running through the park,
brought the ball back to Julie.brought the ball back to Julie.
Adjectival ClauseAdjectival ClauseAdjectival ClauseAdjectival Clause
Use commas to set off an adjectival clause Use commas to set off an adjectival clause
if it is not essential to the meaning of the if it is not essential to the meaning of the
sentence.sentence.
The dog, whose name is Comet, prefers The dog, whose name is Comet, prefers
to fetch tennis balls.to fetch tennis balls.
Missing Comma in a Missing Comma in a Compound SentenceCompound SentenceMissing Comma in a Missing Comma in a Compound SentenceCompound Sentence
Use a comma before a coordinating Use a comma before a coordinating
conjunction to separate two or more conjunction to separate two or more
main clauses in a compound sentence.main clauses in a compound sentence.
Use a comma before a coordinating Use a comma before a coordinating
conjunction to separate two or more conjunction to separate two or more
main clauses in a compound sentence.main clauses in a compound sentence.
Main ClausesMain ClausesMain ClausesMain Clauses
Place a comma before a coordinating Place a comma before a coordinating
conjunction (and, but, or, nor, yet, so, for) conjunction (and, but, or, nor, yet, so, for)
in a compound sentence.in a compound sentence.
Se is traveling to China on a nonstop Se is traveling to China on a nonstop
flight, and she is expected to arrive at flight, and she is expected to arrive at
noon.noon.
Compound Subjects and VerbsCompound Subjects and VerbsCompound Subjects and VerbsCompound Subjects and Verbs
Commas should not be used to separate Commas should not be used to separate
compound subjects and compound verbs compound subjects and compound verbs
in a sentence.in a sentence.
The cat chases after the yarn and dove The cat chases after the yarn and dove
under the table.under the table.
Phrases & ClausesPhrases & ClausesPhrases & ClausesPhrases & Clauses
Prepositional Phrase - consists of a Prepositional Phrase - consists of a
preposition and a noun or pronoun (between, preposition and a noun or pronoun (between,
with, beside)with, beside)
ParticipialParticipial Phrase - is participle modified by Phrase - is participle modified by
an adverb (traveling quickly, avoiding delays)an adverb (traveling quickly, avoiding delays)
Adverbial Clause - Subordinate - modify Adverbial Clause - Subordinate - modify
verbs, adj, adv. or verbs by telling where, verbs, adj, adv. or verbs by telling where,
when, in what way . . . when, in what way . . .
What is a What is a participial?participial?What is a What is a
participial?participial?A participle is a form of a verb that can act as A participle is a form of a verb that can act as
an adjective.an adjective.
They answer the question What kind? or Which They answer the question What kind? or Which
one? about the nouns or pronouns they one? about the nouns or pronouns they
modify.modify.
They can be expanded into phrasesThey can be expanded into phrases
Traveling at breakneck speed, we arrived on Traveling at breakneck speed, we arrived on
time.time.