Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de género en la performance de los grupos...

download Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de género en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cueca urbana en Santiago de Chile (2000-2010)

of 42

Transcript of Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de género en la performance de los grupos...

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    1/42

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

    L++ 'J0 7%'0&.%+# .1 !"#$%&!.,/*012+1.,2 41*)0 "'()'6%&0 ,*-+.#J0/ *1/0& % :&0%'.>0 :"77"1# +.)01)0 3L''&.-*'."189"1:"770&).%+89"=0&.>#?@A4 S"* )%1 )",FE /.#'&.-*'0E %1/ '&%1#7.' 'J0 Q"&TE ,&">./0/ 'J%' F"* 701'."1 'J0 %*'J"& %1/ 'J0 #"*&)0 "R 'J0 7%'0&.%+E 0.'J0& -F %//.1I 'J0N6! %//&0## "R 'J0 %&'.)+0 %1/O"& % +.1T '" 'J0 Q0-,%I0P QQQ@#.-0'&%1#@)"7O'&%1#@ U' .# 1"' %++"Q0/ '" *#0 'J0 )"1'01'# "R 'J.# 5"*&1%+ R"&

    )"70&).%+ ,*&,"#0# %1/ F"* 7%F 1"' %+'0&E '&%1#R"&7E "& -*.+/ *,"1 'J.# Q"&T@ S"* )%1 )J0)T 'J0 )"7,+0'0 +.)01)0 %I&00701' .1 'J0 R"++"Q.1I+.1TP J'',POO)&0%'.>0)"77"1#@"&IO+.)01#0#O-F81)81/O?@AO0#O/00/@01

    !"#$%& "'()*+, !.,/*012+1.,2 3' 45*)0,7!.,/*012+1.,2 41*)0 "'()'6 89::

    !"#$% :; % /0 !.#-"% F N1.>0./%/ :"7,+*'01#0 /0 V%/&./)

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

    0'%,% 01 +% 0W'0&1%+.X%).M1 /0 +% #*-50'.>./%/R0701.1% 01 +% 0#)01% 7*#.)%+ /0 +% )%,.'%+@

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

    N,2,L.,* 02,('[Y10&"E ,0&R"&7%1)0E )*0)% *&-%1%E 7%#)*+.1./%/E)%1'" % +% &*0/%@

    O'P 6G.3*[01/0&E ,0&R"&7%1)0E *&-%1 )*0)%E7%#)*+.1.'FE &"*1/ #.1I.1I@

    Q'0M, 3' .'0'F0)R/S ")'*-&0 ?\]\Q'0M, 3' ,0'F+,0)R/S7%F" ?\]]

    Q'0M, 3' F1L2)0,0)R/S#0,'.07-&0 ?\]]

    "'0')('3P

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    2/42

    ? !"#$% :; ./%^*0 0#'2 ,0&/./%

    1)( $2)( $ 3$% 4)-$%

    36%G+ _D0&.)"Z !.X%7%4

    XXX

    *#+, -./!0 #+ &.,"10 (%2#30 $,4,/ 1#/#" +# /.,"!,

    5., +# 6,4,7 ++,-# 1"0(!08 $,/1.9/ 6%,(, +# :.,"!,

    30 ;#< 10" =.9 ,( ,/!# 6%$#>#/#" !"%/!,7#

    5., $, +0/ =., /, ;#( %$03#$%, ",-",/#

    3#$%, ",-",/#? #< /@A/@ ,/ +# /.,"!,

    >#"# !0$0 ;#< #"",-+030 1# +# :.,"!,

    B#+, # 6%6%" +# 6%$#>",($# =.,"%$#

    5$3, *6%+) $3 /6,(7) #"8$

    3:&.#'.21 V%1).++%O /0+ "+)+"&04

    ]B+ ,&0#01'0 '0W'" J% #./" 0#)&.'" 01 0+ )"1'0W'" /0+ ,&"F0)'" /0 .1>0#'.I%).M1 C0:.(%$#$,/ %:#-%(#$#/ < ",$,/ $,

    /0&%#D%+%$#$E F(/#0#'.I%& 0#'0 '07% /01'&" F R*0&% /0 :J.+0@ L#.7.#7"E %I&%/0X)" 0+ .1>%+*%-+0 %,"F" .1'0+0)'*%+ F J*7%1" /0 9%'%+.%b.0+0''" b*01" 01 '"/" 0+ ,&")0#" /0 0#)&.'*&% /0 0#'0 '&%-%5"@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    3/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ c

    :%++0 ;%1 =.0I"E ;%1'.%I" /0 :J.+0E 7%F" /0 ?\\a@ d0#'./%# )"1 &",%# H*0 &0)*0&/%1 % +"#

    0#,0)'2)*+"# /0 R"+)+"&0 " /0 )%#% /0 &07"+.01/%E '&0# 7*50&0# >0#'./%# )"1 +%&I"# >0#'./"#

    0#)"'%/"# F R+"&0%/"# )%1'%1 01 '0&)0&%# ,%&%+0+%# #"-&0 *1 ,0H*0C" 0#)01%&."E %)"7,%C%/%# ,"&

    -%'0&(%E ,.%1" F I*.'%&&%@ V.01'&%# '")%1 ,%1/0&"# %+ *1(#"1" 01 #07.)(&)*+"E *1% #%+% )"1 72# /0

    ).01 ,0"1%# #0 %+-"&"'% -%.+%1/" )*0)%P 0# 0+ )"15*1'" /0 )*0)% *&-%1% )J.+01% !%# 9.C%#H*0

    ,&0#01'% #* ,&",*0#'% /0 )*0)% 01 0+ %1'.I*" &0#'%*&%1'0 O#/ P,4#/@ !% 1"'.).% ++0I% J%#'% +%

    ,&01#% )"1 )0+0&./%/E H*0 1" 0#,0)*+% 1. *1 #0I*1/"P e!%# 9.C%# #"1 +%# 72# -&%>%# /0 '"/%# +%#

    )*0H*0&%# 5M>010# %)'*%+0# 3f4 1" )%1'%1 )"1 #* >"X 1%'*&%+ #.1" H*0 +% .7,"#'%1E )"7" +" J%)(%1

    +"# I&%1/0# )*0H*0&"# /0 %1'%C"g

    ?

    @K%1 #M+" *1%# #07%1%# /0#,*Y#E )"-.5%/%# ,"& *1 I&*," /0 R%1#E 0+ )"15*1'" R0701.1" !%#

    :%,.'%+.1%# &0>0."1% *1% )*0)% /0+ )%1"1 R"+)+M&.)" )J.+01" 01 R"&7%'" 1" %)G#'.)"E 7"/.R.)%1/"

    0+ '0W'" 0 .1'0I&%1/" I*.'%&&% 0+Y)'&.)%@ B1 0#'% ","&'*1./%/ 0+ ,G-+.)" 1" -%.+% ,0&" 0#)*)J% )"1

    %'01).M1 +% *1.M1 01'&0 &")TE ,", F )*0)% *&-%1% H*0 "R&0)0 0+ )"15*1'" 1%)./" 01 ;%1 b0&1%&/"@

    " 0# ++0I%& %+

    ,G-+.)" 5">01 H*0 1" )"1")0 0+ R"+)+"&0gc@

    B1 0+ '&%-%5" H*0 ,&0#01'" % )"1'.1*%).M1 &0%+.X" *1 %12+.#.# /0 +% 1").M1 /0 IY10&"

    0W.#'01'0 01 +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 F %&H*0'.," #").%+ /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% /0 +"# G+'.7"# /.0X %C"# 01

    ;%1'.%I" /0 :J.+0E )"1 %+I*1%# 701)."10# % d%+,%&%(#"E 0+ ,*0&'" ,&.1).,%+ /0+ ,%(#@ V. .1'01).M1 0#

    /0#)&.-.& +% ./0% /0 IY10&" )"1'01./% 01 0+ ,%&%/.I7% ,0&R"&7%'.>" /0 +"# I&*,"# R0701.1"# /0

    )*0)% *&-%1% %)'*%+E 0W,+.)%1/" h,"& 70/." /0 /"# 0#'*/."# /0 )%#"8 0+ 7"/" 01 H*0 /.)J%

    ,0&R"&7%1)0 '01#."1% +% 1").M1 /0 IY10&" )"1#'&*./% /0#/0 +% '&%/.).M1 7%#)*+.1% /0+ )%1'" /0 +%

    )*0)% *&-%1%E ++%7%/% (!0# +# ".,$#E )&0%1/" *1 0#,%)." ,%&% +% 0W,&0#.M1 /0 *1% #*-50'.>./%/

    /0#)"1")./% F )"7,+0701'%&.% % +% 0,.#'07"+"I(% >%&"1.+@

    B+ %&I*701'" )01'&%+ #0C%+% H*0 +% ,&0,"1/0&%1).% H*0 J% '01./" +% '&%/.).M1 7%#)*+.1% /0+

    )%1'" /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 8J.#'M&.)%701'0 +0I.'.7%/%8 J% )"701X%/" % &"7,0 )"1 +% ,&0#01).%

    /0+ '.7-&0 /0 +"# 1*0>"# I&*,"# R0701.1"# /0 )*0)% *&-%1%E )*F% ,0&R"&7%1)0 F %&H*0'.," #").%+

    H*0 +0 /% R*0&X% 3+% 7*50& /0 -*&/0+4 '&%1#I&0/0 /.)J% 1").M1 /0 '&%/.).M1@ :"1 0+ #*&I.7.01'" 0

    .1#'%+%).M1 /0 0#'% ,0&R"&7%1)0 /0 *1 7"/" &0I*+%& 8% .1.)."# /0 +% /Y)%/% /0+ ?\\\8 %#( )"7" +%

    ?=.%&." O# P,"&,"#? ;0)).M1 _V*50&ZE ]i /0 #0,'.07-&0 /0 ?\\j@

    c

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    4/42

    k !"#$% :; ./01).% H*0 0+ 0#'.+" >")%+

    /0+ )%1'" *&-%1" /0 +% )*0)% 0# *1% )"1#'&*)).M1 R.))."1%+ 1%'*&%+.X%/% ,"& +% ,&2)'.)% 7%#)*+.1%

    0+0>%/% % *1 &%1I" %-#'&%)'"@ !% .&&*,).M1 R0701.1% &0+%'.>.X% %#( +% J0I07"1(% /0+ >%&M1 01 +%

    ,0&R"&7%1)0 F '01#."1% 8#.1 &"7,0&+"8 0+ -.1%&." J"7-&0O7*50& ,"& 70/." /0 .11">%)."10#

    ,0&R"&7%'.>%# F % +% >0X ,0&R"&72'.)%# H*0 _J"&.X"1'%+.X%1Z +% 1").M1 /0 '&%/.).M1 H*0 #.&>0 /0

    #","&'0 '0M&.)" % +% )*0)% *&-%1%@ B1 0#'0 )"1'0W'"E 0#)"5" /"# I&*,"# )"7" 0#'*/." /0 )%#" h*1"

    01 R"&7%'" /0 )*0)% R*#.M1 3!%# :%,.'%+.1%#4 F 0+ "'&" 01 R"&7%'" /0 )*0)% *&-%1% )J.+010&% 3!%#

    9.C%#48 ,%&% "R&0)0& *1% >.#.M1 /0 +% 1">0/%/ F 0W)0,)."1%+./%/ H*0 J% %+)%1X%/" +% ,&0#01).% /0

    +% 7*50& 01 +% 0#)01% 7*#.)%+ #%1'.%I*.1%@

    =0#/0 *1 ,*1'" /0 >.#'% '0M&.)"E *'.+.X" *1% 1").M1 /0 IY10&" H*0 .1'01'% .& 72# %++2 /0 +%.1'0&,&0'%).M1 )*+'*&%+E #").%+ 0 J.#'M&.)% /0 +%# )%'0I"&(%# -."+MI.)"8R.#."+MI.)%# %#").%/%# %+ #0W"E

    01'01/.01/" Y#'0 )"7" *1% J0&&%7.01'% /.#)*.>% )%,%X /0 )&0%& e",0&%)."10# ,&"/*)'.>%# /0

    /.R0&01).%g H*0 0# 10)0#%&." /0>0+%& 3;)"'' ?\\lP ]k?c4 #"-&0 '"/" 01 +"# 1.>0+0# ,0&R"&72'.)" F

    ,0&R"&7%'.>"@ B1 0#'0 #01'./"E )"7,&01/" +% 1").M1 /0 IY10&" )"7" *1 R01M701" H*0 0# #.07,&0

    ,0&R"&7%/"E )"7" #"#'.0101 m*/.'J b*'+0& 3]aa\P W>4 F ;%&% :"J01 3?\\]P ??j4@ ;0IG1 0++%# 0+

    IY10&" #0 ,0&R"&7% 01 *1% &0,0'.).M1 &.'*%+ 3#.#'072'.)%4 H*0 0# &0%+.X%/% /0#/0 0+ )*0&,"E ,"& +"

    H*0 *1 %12+.#.# #"-&0 +% R"&7% 01 H*0 Y#'0 #0 J% )"1#'&*./" /0#/0 +% 7G#.)% J% /0 )"1#./0&%& 1"

    #M+" +"# 0#'.+"# ,0&R"&72'.)"# F +"# '0W'"# /0 +%# )%1)."10#E #.1" '%7-.Y1 +%# &0+%)."10#E 0>01'"# F

    )"1'0W'"# H*0 )"1R.I*&%1 #* R"&7% F #.I1.R.)%/" 01 0+ 0#)01%&."@

    L#.7.#7"E %)"5" +% /.#'.1).M1 H*0 J%)0 V%/&./ 3?\\a4 01'&0 0#'*/."# /0 1,"Q0":#(&,

    3,0&R"&7%'.>"#n ,0&R"&7%'.>./%/4 F 0#'*/."# /0 1,"Q0":#(&, 1"#&!%&, 3,0&R"&72'.)"#n

    ,0&R"&7%'.)./%/4 #0IG1 +% )*%+ +"# ,&.70&"# #0 &0R.0&01 % +% 7G#.)% )"7" o,&")0#"# /01'&" /0

    ,&2)'.)%# #").%+0# F )*+'*&%+0# 72# %7,+.%#oE )"7" %/50'.>"# " )*%+./%/0# /0+ /.#)*"n 7.01'&%#

    H*0 +"# #0I*1/"# #0 &0R.0&01 o%+ /"7.1." '&%/.)."1%+ /0+ ,0&R"&7%1)0E % #*# 0+0701'"# '0%'&%+0#o

    p#.)q@

    B+ %&'()*+" ,"#00 ).1)" ,%&'0#@ B1 +% ,&.70&% 0W,+.)" +% 1").M1 /0 IY10&" H*0

    '&%/.)."1%+701'0 J% 0#'%/" ,&0#01'0 01 +"# /.#)*"# #"-&0 +% )*0)% '&%/.)."1%+ " )%7,0#.1%E

    /"1/0 )*0&," F ,0&R"&7%1)0 J%1 #./" )"7,&01/./"# /0#/0 +% M,'.)% /0 +% ,&2)'.)% #").%+

    7%#)*+.1%@ !% #0I*1/% &0R.0&0 % +% J.#'"&.% /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% J%#'% +"# %C"# a\E /"1/0 /0#)&.-" 0+

    0#'.+" /0 )%1'" H*0 0W)+*FM % +% 7*50& 30+ (!0 # +# ".,$#4 ,0&" H*0E %+ 7.#7" '.07,"E +0 01'&0IM

    J0&&%7.01'%# ,%&% &0#.I1.R.)%& +% 1").M1 /0 '&%/.).M1 01 +% )*0)% F 01&.H*0)0& #* #*-50'.>./%/

    J.#'M&.)%701'0 /0#,+%X%/%@ !*0I" ,&0#01'" +% -."I&%R(% /0 /"# I&*,"# R0701.1"# 8!%# :%,.'%+.1%#F

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    5/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ A

    !%# 9.C%#8 H*0 %1%+.X" % ,%&'.& /0 #*# ,0&R"&7%1)0 01 /.#)"# F 0#,%)."# 01 >.>"E

    )"7,+0701'21/"+% )"1 0+ *#" H*0 0++%# J%)01 /0 *1 1*0>" /0 %&H*0'.," #").%+P +% 7*50& /0

    -*&/0+@ B#'"# /"# 0+0701'"#E #"#'01I"E #"1 )+%>0# ,%&% 01'01/0& 0+ 7"/" 01 H*0 +"# I&*,"#

    R0701.1"# #0 J%1 %,&",.%/" /0+ 0#'.+" /0 )%1'" 7%#)*+.1" )"1 0+ R.1 /0 &0#.I1.R.)%&+"

    '(7-&.)%701'0@ `.1%+701'0E 01 +% H*.1'% ,%&'0 /0+ '0W'"E "R&0X)" %+I*1%# &0R+0W."10# R.1%+0# #"-&0

    0+ '07% '&%'%/"@

    K"/"# +"# 0+0701'"# H*0 *'.+.X" 01 0+ %12+.#.# 0#'21 -%#%/"# '&0# '&%-%5"# /0 )%7,"

    &0%+.X%/"# 01 ;%1'.%I" /0 :J.+0 F d%+,%&%(#" 01'&0 +"# %C"# ?\\l F ?\]\E H*0 .1)+*F0&"1

    01'&0>.#'%#E &0>.#.M1 /0 ,&01#%E "-#0&>%)."10# ,%&'.).,%1'0# F +% %,+.)%).M1 /0 *1 )*0#'."1%&." %

    72# /0 k\ I&*,"# /0 )*0)%@ L,&">0)J" /0 %I&%/0)0& %H*( % '"/"# +"# 7G#.)"# /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%H*0 J%1 /0,"#.'%/" #* )"1R.%1X% 01 7( % '&%>Y# /0 #* '0#'.7"1." F 70 J%1 /%/" +% ","&'*1./%/ /0

    )"1")0& 0#'0 IY10&" 01 '"/% #* 01"&70 7%I1.'*/ #").%+@

    D%&% )0&&%& 0#'% #0)).M1 .1'&"/*)'"&.%E H*.#.0&% %I&0I%& *1% "-#0&>%).M1 70'"/"+MI.)%

    .7,"&'%1'0@

    L*1H*0 01 :J.+0 #0 )"1")0 *1% I&%1 >%&.0/%/ /0 )*0)%# )"7G1701'0 R.5%/%# % ,%&'.& /0

    )&.'0&."# &0I."1%+0#kE 01 0#'0 '0W'" )01'&" 7. %12+.#.# 01 +% &., ."D#(#E ++%7%/% '%7-.Y1 )J.+01%E

    )J.+010&%E -&%>% " )01'&.1%E )%&%)'0&.X%/% ,"& #* 0#'.+" /0 )%1'" 7%#)*+.1"E #*

    %,&01/.X%50O01#0C%1X% "&%+E #* "&.I01 #").%+ *&-%1" F % >0)0# 7%&I.1%+E #* /0R01#% /0+ &"'"

    )J.+01" F #* R*0&'0 )&('.)% #").%+ )"1'01./% 01 +"# '0W'"#@ ;.'G" 0#'% )*0)% )"7" %+'0&./%/ % +% &.,

    :1,/%(#E ++%7%/% '%7-.Y1 '&%/.)."1%+ " _R"+)+M&.)%ZE )%&%)'0&.X%/% ,"& #* )%1'"

    ,&0/"7.1%1'0701'0 R0701.1"E #* ,&")0/01).% &*&%+E #07.&*&%+ " *&-%1%E #*

    %,&01/.X%50O01#0C%1X% %)%/Y7.)% FO* "&%+E #* .1'0I&%).M1 )"1 +% .1/*#'&.% 7*#.)%+ F #* +(&.)%

    )"7G1701'0 701"# )&('.)% )"1 +% &0%+./%/ ,"+('.)% F #").%+ /0+ ,%(#@ B1 0+ ,&.70&" )%#" 0+ #*50'"

    #").%+ H*0 ,&"'%I"1.X% 0+ IY10&" 0# 0+ J"7-&0 /0 +"# #0)'"&0# #").%+0# 70/." F 70/."8-%5"# /0+

    ,%(#E %#").%/" %+ )"70&)." /0 ,0H*0C% 0#)%+% /0 R0&.%# F 70&)%/"# /0 ;%1'.%I" )"1 *1% >./% /0

    7%F"& .10#'%-.+./%/ 0)"1M7.)%@ B1 0+ #0I*1/"E #"1 +"# I&*,"# /0 ,&"F0)).M1 R"+)+M&.)% R"&7%/"#

    /0#/0 +"# %C"# A\ 01 %/0+%1'0E )"7,*0#'"# F +./0&%/"# 7%F"&.'%&.%701'0 ,"& 7*50&0# F

    >.1)*+%/"# % +"# 7">.7.01'"# /0 &0)*,0&%).M1 R"+)+M&.)% *1.>0.'%&."#E 72# ,&MW.7"# % +% )+%#0

    70/.% .+*#'&%/% /0+ ,%(#@

    B1 'Y&7.1"# J.#'M&.)"# %#*7" )"7" ).0&'" H*0 J%#'% +%# ,&.70&%# /Y)%/%# /0+ #.I+" rr 0#

    kdY%#0E ,"& 0507,+"E +% 01*70&%).M1 H*0 )*0)%# H*0 J%)0 s0&&0&% 3]al\4 H*0 )*01'% 72# /0 ]A '.,"# /.#'.1'"#@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    6/42

    i !"#$% :; .7.01'"# /0 )*0&," F ,%C*0+" 8&0,&0#01'%1/" )"1 0++" *1% ,0)*).M1

    %7"&"#%8 +% )*0)% J% #./" F 0# %1'0 '"/" *1% 1"R&!% /0&%#+-%.+%-+0 R0#'.>% H*0 R"&7% ,%&'0 /0 +%

    )*+'*&% 0 ./01'./%/ )J.+01% &0,*-+.)%1% F H*0 >% 72# %++2 /0+ 70&" %)'" /0 %#.#'.& % +*I%&0# /0 -%.+0

    01 0+ ,0&("/" /0 _R.0#'%# ,%'&.%#Z@

    B1 >.&'*/ /0 0#'0 )%&2)'0& 07.101'0701'0 #").%+ +% J.#'"&.% /0 +% )*0)% 0# 5*#'%701'0 *1

    0#,%)." ,&.>.+0I.%/" ,%&% 0+ )"1").7.01'" /0 +%# &0+%)."10# /0 IY10&" /01'&" /0 +% 7G#.)%@ B1

    ,&.70& 'Y&7.1" ,"&H*0 #* )"1/.).M1 /0 -%.+0 7.W'" J% J0)J" H*0 #0% '.,.R.)%/% 3/0#/0 #*# .1.)."#

    )"1")./"#E 01 +% /Y)%/% /0 ]l?\4 )"7" *1% /%1X% H*0 &0,&"/*)0 +% _,0)*).M1Z /0 *1 J"7-&0

    J%).% *1% 7*50& 01 *1 &YI.701 /0 .1'0&%)).M1 #").%+ J0'0&"#0W*%+n F 01 #0I*1/" +*I%& ,"&H*0 J%

    #./" ,&%)'.)%/% )%#. #.07,&0 ,"& I&*,"# )"7,*0#'"# 01'0&%701'0 ,"& J"7-&0# " 7*50&0#E ,")%#

    >0)0# 7.W'"#E +" H*0 &0>0+% *1% ./01'./%/ /0 IY10&" 3I01/0&4 .1J0&01'0 % +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 /0+

    IY10&" 7*#.)%+ 3I01&04@

    :"7" #0C%+% =0 !%*&0'.# 301 ;)"'' ]aliP ]\ik8A4E 0+ IY10&" 0# *1% !,-0"@# $, #(R+%/%/

    H*0 ,0&7.'0 e,01#%& 01 +% )"1#'&*)).M1 /0 +% #*-50'.>./%/ 01 )"1'0W'"# J.#'M&.)"# F #").%+0#g

    %F*/21/"1"# % )"7,&01/0& /0 H*Y 7"/" #0 )&0%1 R"&7%# /0 /"7.1%).M1 /.#)*.>% "

    ,0&R"&7%'.>% 01'&0 +"# #0W"#@ B+ #.I1.R.)%/" /0+ IY10&"E ,"& '%1'"E 1" &%/.)% '%1'" 01 ,&07.#%#

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    7/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ j

    0#01).%+0# )"7" 01 +%# .1'0&,&0'%)."10# " &0,&0#01'%)."10# H*0 #0 J%)01 /0+ IY10&" ,%&% ,&"/*).&

    ./01'./%/0# h*#*%+701'08 ,"& 70/." /0 +% &0,0'.).M1 %,&01/./% /0 )"1/*)'%# " /.#)*"# 3t%++-0&I

    ?\\A4@ !% ,0&R"&7%'.>./%/ /0 +% )*0)%E ,"& '%1'"E ,0&7.'0 %,&"W.7%&1"# % +%# &0,&0#01'%)."10# /0

    IY10&" 0W.#'01'0# 01 +"# /.#)*"# F ,&2)'.)%# R0#'.>%# /0 +% #").0/%/ #%1'.%I*.1%E #.&>.01/" /0

    ,*01'0 ,%&% >.1)*+%& /.)J%# &0,&0#01'%)."10# )"1 ,&2)'.)%# #").%+0# F )*+'*&%+0# ,&0#01'0# 01 +%

    7G#.)% ,",*+%& )J.+01%@

    s.#'M&.)%701'0E +%# ./0%# #"-&0 0+ &"+ /0 +% 7*50& 01 +% )*0)% #0 J%1 )"1#'&*./"

    -2#.)%701'0 % ,%&'.& /0 *1% "-#0&>%).M1 /0 #*1,"Q0":#!%&%$#$/01'&" 3F R*0&%4 /0+ 0#)01%&." F /0+

    *#" /0 #* &.,"1001 0+ -%.+0@

    B1 &0+%).M1 %+ ,&.70&" /0 0#'"# %#,0)'"# 8+% ,0&R"&7%'.)./%/8 +% ./0% %)0&)% /0+ &"+ /0 +%7*50& 01 0+ IY10&" 7*#.)%+ R*0 R"&7%/% ,"& +"# I&*,"# /0 #"+.#'%# 3/G"# F '&("#4 /0 )*0)%

    )%7,0#.1% /0+ #.I+" rUrE H*0 #0 J.).0&"1 )"1")./"# )"7" _)%1'"&%# /0 )*0)%Z F +*0I" #0 .1'0I&%&"1

    % +% .1/*#'&.% 7*#.)%+ % +" +%&I" /0+ #.I+" rr@ B++%# #0 )"1>.&'.0&"1 01 ()"1"# /0+ .7%I.1%&." +")%+E

    %F*/%1/" % R.5%& ./0%#E &0,0&'"&."# 0 .72I010# %)0&)% /0 +" R0701.1" /01'&" F R*0&% /0+ 0#)01%&."E

    )"7" R*0 0+ )%#" /0 O#/ >,!0"=.%(#/ 3)@ ]l?k8)@ ]lj\4E +%# s0&7%1%#

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    8/42

    l !"#$% :; .1)*+%/% % +% 7.I&%).M1 )%7,"8).*/%/E +"# 'M,.)"# %7%'"&."# F %10)/M'.)"# /0 +% >./%

    *&-%1%E #07. *&-%1% " &*&%+ F +"# '07%# ,%'&.M'.)"# " >.1)*+%/"# )"1 +% 1%).M1E J%).01/"

    .1'0&,&0'%)."10# )"1 *1 #01'./" /0+ J*7"& ,()%&" F %+ 7.#7" '.07," .1I01*"@ L+ )"1>0&'. 01

    %&'.#'%# 7%#.>"# '"/"# 0#'"# 0+0701'"# ,0&R"&72'.)"# R0701.1"# h)"7" 0+ >0#'*%&."E 0+ &0,0&'"&."

    " .1'0&,&0'%).M1 7*#.)%+ F #*# 0+0701'"# '0%'&%+0#8 0W,%1/.0&"1 *1% ./0% /0 IY10&" /0&.>%/% /0 +%

    &0%+./%/ &*&%+ F #07.&*&%+ /0+ ,%(#@ =.)J% 1").M1 #0 0W'01/.M /*&%1'0 +% /.)'%/*&% /0 L*I*#'"

    D.1")J0' NI%&'0 3]ajc8]aa\4E )*%1/" +% )*0)% R*0 /0)+%&%/% =%1X% 9%)."1%+ 3=0)&0'" 9u ?c /0+ i

    /0 1">.07-&0 /0 ]aja4 F +%# )"&0"I&%R(%# 0#'.+.X%/%# #0 J.).0&"1 )"7*10#E %+ .I*%+ H*0 0+ >0#'*%&."

    /0 +% 7*50& #07.&*&%+ " &*&%+j@

    =0#/0 0+ ,*1'" /0 >.#'% /0+ *#" /0+ )*0&,"E +% )*0)% R*0 /0R.1./% /0#/0 #*# .1.)."# )"7"

    *1% /%1X% /0 ,%&05% /"1/0 #0 &0,&"/*)(% +% .1'0&%)).M1 01'&0 .(#7*50& F .(J"7-&0E 0# /0).&E

    j

    !% .1#'%+%).M1 /0 *1 #.#'07% /0 )%7,0"1%'"# /0 )*0)% 01 0+ 1.>0+ 0#)"+%& h/0)&0'%/% 01 ]aja8 R%>"&0).M '%7-.Y1 +%,&0#01).% /0 I&*,"# /0 ,&"F0)).M1 R"+)+M&.)%E 0+ *#" /0 *1 >0#'*%&." %#").%/" % Y#'"# F *1% %)'.'*/ )"7G1701'0,%#.>% /0 +% 7*50& 01 +% )"&0"I&%R(% /0+ -%.+0@ D%&% *1 0W%701 /0 +"# /0-%'0# 01 '"&1" % +%# ,"+('.)%# )*+'*&%+0#&0+%'.>%# %+ R"+)+"&0 /*&%1'0 +% /.)'%/*&% /0 D.1")J0'E >Y%#0 ="1"#" 3?\\a4@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    9/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ a

    )"7" *1 -.1%&." J0'0&"#0W*%+ /"1/0 0W.#'(%1 &"+0# /0 IY10&" ,%&% 0+ -%.+0@ B+ -%.+0 #0 )"7,&01/.M

    01'"1)0# )"7" +% /&%7%'.X%).M1 )"&0"I&2R.)% /0 *1% /*%+./%/ ,*0#'% 01 ,&2)'.)%P +% )"1H*.#'% /0

    +% 7*50& ,"& ,%&'0 /0+ J"7-&0E /"1/0 %H*0++%E /Y-.+ F '070&"#%E &0).-0 F %)0,'% % Y#'0E R*0&'0 F

    +*)J%/"&E H*.01 +% )"1H*.#'% F /"7.1%@ :"7" +" 0W,&0#%&% =%1.0+ b%&&"# [&0X 01 ]la\ 3,@ cck8

    ck\4P

    !% W#:#&., 0# +% &0,&0#01'%).M1 % +" >.>" /0 +% J.#'"&.% /0 *1"# %7"&0#E /0#/0 #*,&.1).,." J%#'% #*/0#01+%)0 pfq +%7*50& F% 01%7"&%/%E #0 0)J% '(7./%701'0 01 +"# -&%X"# /0+ J"7-&0E H*0 +0 #.&>0 /0%,"F" pfq !% 7*50&E &0,&0#01'%1'0 /0 +% -0++0X%E 01>*0+>0 %+ J"7-&0E H*0 +" 0# /0 +% R*0&X%E 01 *1R"++%50/0 I%#%E /0 R+"&0# F/0 ).1'%#E H*0 >*0+%1 )"1 I&%)."#% +.50&0X%@ S" +"# )"7,%&%&(% )"1 0+ I&*," R"&7%/","& 0+ 2&-"+ &"-*#'" F +% R+0W.-+0 01&0/%/0&%E H*0E %,"F21/"#0 01 Y+E F )*-&.Y1/"+" )"1 #*# )"&'.1%50#ER0#'"10# F +%X"#E #%+,.)%/" /0 R+"&0#E *10 +% I&%).% % +% R*0&X%@ pfq pL+ R.1%+ /0+ -%.+0q !"# 0#,0)'%/"&0#J%1 >.#'" +" H*0 0#,0&%-%1P +% 7%&.,"#% J% )%(/" /0#+*7-&%/% 01 +% +*X H*0 +0 #0&>(% /0 )01'&"@

    =.)J% ,&"F0)).M1 /0 +% /"7.1%).M1 7%#)*+.1% 01 0+ -%.+0 ,"& 70/." /0 +% ,0)*).M1

    %7"&"#"8)"&0"I&2R.)% R*0 *1% /0 +%# J0&01).%# /0 +% 1").M1 )01'&" 0*&",0% /0).7"1M1.)% %)0&)%

    /0+ )*0&,"E '&%(/% )"1 +"# -%.+0# /0 ,%&05% .1/0,01/.01'0 H*0 ++0I%&"1 % L7Y&.)% 01 0+ #.I+" rUrE

    -%#%/"# )%#. '"/"# 01 +"# 7"/0+"# )"&0"I&2R.)"# /0 +"# )(&)*+"# )"&'0#%1"# F #%+"10# ).>.+0#

    R&%1)0#0# F 0#,%C"+0# 3:R&@ d0I% ]aAiP ?i4@ B1 Y#'"# +% )"1H*.#'% /0+ >%&M1 #"-&0 +% /%7% ,"#0(%

    *1 >%+"& #.7-M+.)" H*0 "&/01%-% +"# &"+0# /0 IY10&"E #.'*%1/" %+ J"7-&0 )"7" *1 01'0 %)'.>" H*0

    $# < =.%!#F % +% 7*50& )"7" 01'0 ,%#.>" H*0 ",&%D,F )*F" )*0&," J% /0 #0& )"+"1.X%/" ,"& +%

    ,*+#.M1 .7,0'*"#% F &0,0'.'.>% /0+ >%&M1@ ;"&,&01/01'0701'0E %+ ,%#%& %+ #.I+" rr 0#'% )"1)0,).M1

    /0+ -%.+0 1" )%7-.%&(% 7*)J"@ s%).% ]a]A 0+ &0)",.+%/"& U#7%0+ D%&&%I*0X /0#)&.-(% +% R.+"#"R(% /0+

    -%.+0 /0 0#'0 7"/"lP

    :"7" #. %,"#'%&% ,"& +% /%7% 01 %H*Y+ '"&10" /0 +% I&%).% F /0 +% %+0I&(% pfq !% )"1H*.#'% /0 +% J07-&%EJ0 %J( +% R.+"#"R(% /0 +% )*0)% )J.+01%E R.+"#"R(% H*0 '"/" &"'" #0 #%-0 ,"& ).01).% .1R*#%P )"1H*.#'%&+% ,"&+% I&%).% F +% ,.)%&/(%E &01/.&+% ,"& +% R*0&X% H*0 #0 J*7.++%E 01 )*%1'" %+ I%+21E pnq &0#.#'. )"1 I&%).% F

    )"H*0'0&(% H*0 /% F H*.'%E H*0 )0/0 F &0'&")0/0E 01 )*%1'" % +% /%7%@

    D")" '.07," /0#,*Y#E J%).% ]aA\E 0+ .1>0#'.I%/"& BW0H*.0+ 6"/&(I*0X 301 [2+>0X ?\\]P i\4&0#*7.&2 +% 1").M1 /0 7*50& H*0 %H*( >01.7"# /.#)*'.01/" ,&"F0)'21/"+% J%).% +% >./% )"'./.%1%E/21/"+0 %#( )"1'.1*./%/ % *1% ./0% /0 +" R0701.1" /0 72# /0 70/." #.I+"@ B#'0 0507,+"E 01'&0/0)01%# 0W.#'01'0#E 7*0#'&% +% ,0.#'01).% H*0 '*>" +% ./0% /0 7*50& ,%#.>% 01 0+ -%.+0 /0 +% )*0)%/*&%1'0 >%&.%# /Y)%/%# F 1" #M+" 01 0+ ,0&("/" .1R+*./" ,"& +"# -%.+0# /0 #%+M1 /0+ #.I+" rUr@ =.)0

    le!% :*0)% :J.+01%gE U#7%0+ D%&&%I*0XE w.I8w%IE ]l8a8]a]AE 9u AAcE #O,@ B#'0 )"1)0,'" /0+ -%.+0 /0 +% )*0)% '&%/.)."1%+

    #0&2 ,"#'0&."&701'0 07*+%/" ,"& "'&"# %*'"&0# ,0&'010).01'0# %+ )%1"1 /0 +% J.#'"&."I&%R(% 7*#.)%+ )J.+01%E )"7"

    B*I01." D0&0.&% ;%+%# 3]ak]P ?ii4E H*.01 >0&2 01 0+ -%.+0 /0 +% X%7%)*0)% " )*0)% *1% .1'0&%)).M1 >.1)*+%1'0 /0,%&05%# /"1/0 +% 7*50& ,"#00 *1 &"+ ,%#.>"E )"H*0'" F ,*/"&"#" 01 0+ H*0 J% /0 7"#'&%& *1 _R%+#" /0#,&0)."Z J%).% 0+J"7-&0@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    10/42

    ]\ !"#$% :; .7.01'"#/0+.)%/"# 3f4 B+ J"7-&0 7%1.R.0#'% #* '07,0&%701'" F #* 1%'*&%+0X% %)'.>% )"1 7">.7.01'"# /0 7%F"&

    R*0&X%E H*0 %&&%1)%1 /0 *1% )"1'0W'*&% F 701'%+./%/ %)"#'*7-&%/%# % /0).#."10# 01Y&I.)%# F %*/%)0#@

    :"7" #0 .1R.0&0 /0 0#'"# '0W'"# 0#)&.'"# 01 *1 +%,#" /0 72# /0 70/." #.I+"E 01 +% )*0)%

    '&%/.)."1%+ 0+ )*0&," /0 +% 7*50& /0>.010 01 *1 2+'0& 0I" R*1/%701'%+ ,%&% 0+ /0#%&&"++" /0+ -%.+0 F

    %/H*.0&0 #01'./" )"7" 01'0 ,%#.>" H*0 &0).-0 +% 010&I(% /0+ >%&M1 H*0 +% )"&'05%@ ;* )*0&,"

    7%'0&.%+.X% #* 1%'*&%+ /0-.+./%/ F /0+.)%/0X% /0 701'%+./%/ H*0 0#'2 /0#'.1%/% % #0&>.& /0 ,0&.R0&.%

    ,%&% *1 )01'&" H*0 0# 0+ >%&M1@ =0 0#'% R"&7%E )"7" #0C%+% b"*&/.0*E +% /"7.1%).M1 7%#)*+.1%

    '0&7.1% ,"& '&%1#7*'%& 0+ "&/01 #").%+ % +% 1%'*&%+0X%E *'.+.X%1/" 0+ )*0&," ,%&% 1%'*&%+.X%& *1%

    /.R0&01).% F _-."+"I.X%&Z +% )*+'*&%@ ;0 &0%+.X% *1 '&%-%5" /0 e)"1#'&*)).M1 #.7-M+.)%g H*0 "&.01'% F

    0#'&*)'*&% +% &0%+./%/ % ,%&'.& /0 &0,&0#01'%)."10# /0+ )*0&," )"1#'&*./%# )"1 *1% Y'.)% /0

    &%X"1%7.01'"# _7('.)"#Z 3b"*&/.0* ?\\jP ]?8]kE kA4@ B+ IY10&" #0 >*0+>0 01'"1)0# e*1% &0,0'.).M1

    F *1 &.'*%+ H*0 )"1#.I*0 #*# 0R0)'"# % '&%>Y# /0 #* 1%'*&%+.X%).M1 01 0+ )"1'0W'" /0+ )*0&,"E

    01'01/./" Y#'0 801 ,%&'08 )"7" *1% /*&%).M1 '07,"&%+ #"#'01./% )*+'*&%+701'0g 3b*'+0& ]aa\P W>4

    ,"& +" H*0 /0>.010 *1% )%'0I"&(% )&0%/"&% /0 e",0&%)."10# ,&"/*)'.>%# /0 /.R0&01).%g 3;)"''

    ?\\lP ]k?c4@ B1 0++% #0 J%-.'G%1 F R.5%1 ).0&'%# ,&2)'.)%# #").%+0# H*0E #.1 07-%&I"E ,"/&(%1 #0&

    "-50'" /0 ,&")0#"# /.127.)"# F '&%1#R"&7%)."10# 3;'"T0# ]aakP ??4@

    8E D2 0,/+G 3' 2, 01'0, 1.L,/, G 2, ,FG+'G*)* 3' 2, K,*012)/)3,3

    B1 +% ,&.70&% 7.'%/ /0+ #.I+" rr #0 J%)0 >.#.-+0 *1% )*0)% /.#'.1'% % +% )*0)% H*0 R*0 "-50'"

    /0 +"# )"701'%&."# %&&.-% #0C%+%/"#P +% &., ."D#(#@ ;*&I./% %,%&01'0701'0 01 +% /Y)%/% /0

    ]ac\ % ,%&'.& /0 ,&2)'.)%# )"+0)'.>%# /0 )%1'" &0%+.X%/%# ,"& I&*,"# /0 >%&"10#E +% )*0)% *&-%1% #0/0#%&&"++M /01'&" /0+ *1.>0" #").%+ /0 J"7-&0# /0/.)%/"# % +"# "R.)."# 7%1*%+0# F 0+ )"70&)."

    /0 ,0H*0C% 0#)%+% 01 -%&&."# ,",*+%&0# *-.)%/"# 01 0+ )01'&" /0 +% )%,.'%+ F #*# %+&0/0/"&0#

    .170/.%'"#@ =.)J% ,&2)'.)%E 01 *1 )"7.01X" #"'0&&%/%E #0 J.X" >.#.-+0 01 +"# %C"# i\ % ,%&'.& /0+

    )*%&'0'" !"# :J.+010&"#E H*0 I&%-M '&0# O0(- >+#")%+0#4E +%# %&,%# " +"# >0#'./"# &*&%+0# "

    #07.&*&%+0#@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    11/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ]]

    CK,H'/ \@ D"&'%/% /0+ !"1I D+%F /0 O0/ C;%+,(,"0/'.'*+%/" O# C., C,(!"%(# 3]aij4

    CK,H'/ ;@ D"&'%/% /0+ /.#)"A/@ Q., +# X10 $, Y"0 $, +# C., C;%+,(,"#/0 O0/ C;%+,(,"0/3]ajc4

    ;0IG1 +"# '0#'.7"1."# "&%+0# 0W.#'01'0#E +% )*0)% *&-%1% " -&%>% #0 ,&%)'.)%-% 01 +%# )%#%#

    /0 I%#'%& " ,&"#'(-*+"# 3'%7-.Y1 ++%7%/%# )%#%# _/0 1.C%#ZE _/0 )J.7-.&")%ZE _/0 '%7-"Z " _/0 F.&%Z4

    ,"&H*0 %J( ,"/(% &0%+.X% +05"# /0 +% ,0)*).M1 H*0 0+ B#'%/" 050&)(% )"1'&% +%# R.0#'%# F

    /.>0."10# ,",*+%&0#E ,"& )"1#./0&%&+%# #.1M1.7" /0 _/0#"&/01 ,G-+.)"Z@ V*)J"# /0 +"#

    )*0H*0&"# *&-%1"# %1'.I*"# '")%&"1 F )%1'%&"1 01 0#%# )%#%#E /"1/0 +% )*0)% #0 /0#,+0I%-% )"1

    72# %+0>"#(% H*0 01 +%# R.0#'%# ,%'&.%# F #0 +"I&%-% R"&7%& *1 %7-.01'0 -"J07." 01 0+ H*0 +%

    ,&0#01).% /0 +% 7*50& 0&% /0'0&7.1%1'0@ :"7" /0)(% s0&121 _9%1"Z 9GC0X 3]a]k8?\\A4E *1" /0

    +"# )*+'"&0# F ,"0'%# H*0 72# )"1'&.-*FM %+ )"1").7.01'" /0 0#'% >%&.%1'0 /0 )*0)%E 01 +%# )%#%#

    /0 '%7-" e#0 )%1'%-% 72# H*0 )*0)% H*0 01 1.1I*1% ,%&'0g 301 K"&&0# ?\\]P ]ij4E ./0% H*0

    &0R&01/% :%&+"# 9%>%&&" 31@ ]ac\4 ,%&% H*.01 e+% )*0)% &0.1M 01 +%# :%#%# /0 :J.7-.&")% /0#/0 H*0

    :J.+0 0# :J.+0ga@ B#'"# '0#'.7"1."# #"1 .7,"&'%1'0# ,*0# '%1'" 9GC0X )"7" 9%>%&&" R*0&"1

    7.07-&"# /0+ )"15*1'" !"# :J.+010&"#E 0+ ,&.70& )"15*1'" 01 ,%#%& /0 +% )%#% /0 I%#'%& %+ /.#)"

    &0I.#'&%1/" +% )*%+./%/ 72# )%&%)'0&(#'.)% /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%P 0+ (!0# +# ".,$#@

    B+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% #0 )%&%)'0&.X%-% 8J%#'% J"F8 ,"& 0+ -"%!0E *1% 07.#.M1 >")%+ /0 %7,+."

    a;"-&0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 01 +"# ,&"#'(-*+"# >Y%#0 0+ '0#'.7"1." /0+ 7.#7" 9GC0X 3?\\A4@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    12/42

    ]? !"#$% :; "+*701 -%#%/% 01 +% .7,"#'%).M1 1%#%+ /0 +% >"X )"1 *1 '.7-&0 ,010'&%1'0 /0 )"+"&0# ",%)"# F

    #"1./" % >0)0# I%1I"#"@ B1 0#'% .7,"#'%).M1 #0 %,&">0)J%-%1 +"# &0#"1%/"&0# /0 +% ,%&'0

    #*,0&."& /0+ &"#'&" ,%&% +%1X%& *1 1%!0 01 +% ,%&'0 %+'% /0+ &0I.#'&" /0+ )%1'"&E ,&">")%1/" *1

    #"1./" %I*/" F ,010'&%1'0 H*0 0W.I(% %+ )%1'"& J%#'% +"# +(7.'0# /0 #*# ,"#.-.+./%/0# >")%+0#

    3'0#.'*&%4@ B#'" #0 %,&0).% 7*F -.01 01 +% ,"#'*&% R%).%+ /0 +"# )%1'"&0#E 7%&)%/% ,"& 0+ 0#R*0&X"

    R(#.)" /0+ )%1'" 3>Y%#0 .72I010# 9u i % 9u l4@ :"7" %R.&7% m*+." L+0I&(% 01 *1" /0 +"# ,&.70&"#

    '0W'"# ,*-+.)%/"# #"-&0 0#'% >%&.%1'0 3F '%7-.Y1 7.07-&" /0 L,%&)"%4E e!% )*0)% *&-%1% 0# )%1'"

    /0 J"7-&0#@ V2# H*0 5*1'% % -%.+%&E #0 5*1'%1 % )"7,0'.& 01 0+ )%1'"@ :"7,0'.& 01 70+"/(%# F

    '0W'"#@ ;0 R"&7% *1% 70/.% &*0/% )"1 1" 701"# /0 )*%'&" )%1'"&0#E /0 +"# )*%+0#E )%/% *1" )%1'%

    *1% 0#'&"R% /0+ '0W'"g 3L+0I&(% ]al]P ]?j4@

    CK,H'/ U@ B+ )"15*1'" O0/ C;%(-#(,"0/)%1'%1/" _% +% &*0/%Z 01 0+ +")%+ s%-%1% d.05%E ?c8r8?\\l`"'" /0 :J&.#'.%1 ;,01)0& B#,.1"#%

    CK,H'/ W@ =%1.0+ V*C"X )%1'%1/" 5*1'" % `Y+.W !+%1)%R.+ F 0+ I&*," cWj d0.1'.*1%E 01 .0#'% :"#'*7-&.#'% "&I%1.X%/%,"& +% V*1.).,%+./%/ /0 D*/%J*0+E ?8rU8?\\l

    `"'" /0 :J&.#'.%1 ;,01)0& B#,.1"#%

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    13/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ]c

    CK,H'/ ]@ !"# K&.)"+"&0# 01 0+ 60#'%*&%1' !%# K05%#E c]8r8?\\l`"'" /0 :J&.#'.%1 ;,01)0& B#,.1"#%

    B1 0#'0 #01'./"E 0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% 0# *1% R"&7% /0 )%1'" 7*F /.#'.1'% % +% &0%+.X%/% ,"&

    +"# I&*,"# /0 )*0)% )%7,0#.1% F ,&"F0)).M1 R"+)+M&.)% H*0 #0 )"1").0&"1 /0#/0 +"# .1.)."# /0 +%#

    I&%-%)."10# 01 :J.+0 3]a\i4@ !% 0W,&0#.M1 #"1"&% /0 0#'"# I&*,"# 0&% 72# +(&.)%E >")%+ F

    ,%&'.)*+%&701'0 %I*/%E /0-./" %+ &0I.#'&" 1%'*&%+ /0 +% >"X R0701.1%@ D%&% )%1'%& 01 0+ 0#'.+" /0

    &*0/%E 01 )%7-."E +"# I&*,"# #0 %+.10%-%1 01 #07.)(&)*+" 3" % >0)0# 01 +(10%4 ,%&% H*0 +%# >")0#

    01'&%&%1 /0 7"/" #*)0#.>" ,"& 7%1" /0&0)J%E )"7" #*)0/0 J%#'% J"FE ,&"/*).01/" *1 /0#%&&"++"

    #"1"&" F 0#,%).%+ H*0 7%1'.010 0+ R+*5" /0 #"1./" 01 )"1#'%1'0 ).&)*+%).M1@ L#(E +% >"X /0+

    )*0H*0&" *&-%1" #0 0/*)%-% 01 0#,%)."# %-.0&'"# " ,G-+.)"# " 8%1'.I*%701'08 01 #.'."# /"1/0 +"#

    )%1'"&0# 050&)(%1 #*# "R.)."#E 7.01'&%# H*0 +% /0 +"# I&*,"# )%7,0#.1"# F /0 ,&"F0)).M1 +" J%)(% 01

    )+%#0# /0 )%1'" " /.&0)'%701'0 01 +"# 0#)01%&."# /"1/0 #0 &0%+.X%-%1 +"# 0#,0)'2)*+"# ,G-+.)"#]\@

    K%1'" +% +.'0&%'*&% )*0H*0&% )"7" +"# ,&",."# 7G#.)"# %)'*%+0# )"1)*0&/%1 01 H*0 0+ 0#'.+"

    /0 )%1'" % +% &*0/% 0# *1% ,&2)'.)% H*0 #0 /0#%&&"++M % ,%&'.& /0+ )%1'" J0)J" ,"& >%&"10#@ B1 0#'0

    #01'./"E +% ,&0#01).% /0 +%# 7*50&0# 0# *1 R01M701" )+%&%701'0 1*0>"P

    !%# 7*50&0# %J"&% )%1'%1 % +% &*0/% ,0&" +"# )%1'"# % +% &*0/% #.07,&0 R*0&"1 7%#)*+.1"#@ B#'0 0# *1R01M701" /0 %J"&%E *1 R01M701" 7"/0&1" /0 +% )*0)%@ B# -"1.'"@ !%# )%1'%1E R"&7%1 #*# +"'0# F)%1'%1 ,"& 7%1" 01 .7.'%).M1 /0 +" 7%#)*+.1" % +" H*0 %1'0# 1" p#0 J%)(%qn 0++%# )%1'%-%1 %1'0# H*0 +"#J"7-&0# 01 +%# )J.1I%1%# ,0&" )%1'%-%1 % /"# >")0# ,%&05"P *1% )%1'%1/" 01 ,&.70&%E +% "'&% )%1'%1/"01 #0I*1/% '"/" 0+ &%'"@ 9" 0&% %#( )"1 +%# +0F0# /0+ *1.>0"E /.I%7"#@

    s"&%)." s0&121/0XE !% [%++0&%E ?\8r8?\\l

    ?%S ?1,/3G 1*+'3 *' .'J'.^,_ '/ 2, F.)K'., )/+'.('/0)R/ `1' M)ZG_ , 2, a'*+.10+1., 0M)2'/'.,b_ c*' .'J'.^,, 2, '*+.10+1., 3'2 0,/+GdmLP ;(@

    ]\B# 0+ )%#" /0 +"# )%1'"&0# R"&7%/"# /01'&" /0+ &0).1'" R0&.%+ /0 >01'% /0 R&*'%# F >0&/*&%# /0 ;%1'.%I"E )"1")./"

    )"7" !% d0I%E /0 +"# )*%+0# 0+ 72# )"1")./" 0# V%&." :%'%+21 D"&'.++% 3]a]c8]aja4@ D%&% *1% .1R"&7%).M1 I010&%+#"-&0 +% )*0)% 01 0#'0 0#,%)." %#( )"7" +%# J.#'"&.%# R%7.+.%&0# %#").%/%# % Y+E >Y%#0 !*XX. 3?\\?4@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    14/42

    ]k !"#$% :; "XE ,"& +" 701"#@ D0&" 0+ ./0%+ 0# H*0 J%F% ,"& +" 701"# '&0#)%1'"&0# pfq

    m*+." L+0I&(%E L,%&)"%E c\ /0 m*1." /0 ?\\a

    L1'.I*%701'0 +%# H*0 )%1'%-%1 +%# )*0)%# 0&%1 +%# 7*50&0#P &"/0"#E R.0#'%# " )J.1I%1%#E +%# 7*50&0#0&%1 +%# H*0 )%1'%-%1@ S /0#/0 H*0 +"# J"7-&0# )"7.01X%1 % )%1'%& 01 &*0/% +%# 7*50&0# 1" 01'&%1%H*( pfq@

    :%&701 !M,0XE 0W !"# K&*T0&"#E ?j8r8?\]\

    L,%&01'0701'0E 0#'% 7%#)*+.1./%/ /0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% 0#'%&(% +.I%/% % #*# "&(I010# F #*

    )"7,"101'0 Y'1.)" .1.).%+@ N1" /0 +"# .1>0#'.I%/"&0# 72# .7,"&'%1'0# /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%

    )J.+010&%E ;%7*0+ :+%&" d%+/Y#E #0C%+% H*0 0#'0 0#'.+" /0 )%1'" R*0 0+ ,&"/*)'" &%).%+ /0+ J"7-&0

    0#,%C"+ 3,&.1).,%+701'0 %&2-.I" %1/%+*X4 F +% 7*50& .1/(I01%E 70X)+% /0 +% )*%+ 070&I0 0+ 70#'.X"

    >%&M1E e0+ /0,"#.'%&." /0 '&%/.)."10# 7.+01%&.%#E H*0 01'&"1)%1 %+ 9*0>" V*1/" )"1 L+ L1/%+*#

    v&%-0 F )"1 ).>.+.X%)."10# "&.01'%+0# /0 +% %1'.Ix0/%/g 3:+%&" ]alaP a8]\4@ B#'%# ./0%# 0W,&0#%/%#

    ,"& :+%&"E H*0 #"1 *1% .1'0&,&0'%).M1 /0 +%# ,%+%-&%# /0+ .1>0#'.I%/"& ,",*+%& `0&1%1/" ["1X2+0X

    V%&%-"+( 3]a?j8?\\i4E R*0&"1 &0'"7%/%# ,"& Y+ 7.#7" 01 ]aak )*%1/" 0W,+.)% +% 7%&)% /0 IY10&"

    /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 3,@ ?c8?k4P

    !% 7*50& ,&0#0&>%E 01 0+ #0)&0'" /0 #* .1'.7./%/E +"# >%+"&0# 72# .1'&%1#%-+0# /0 #*# %1'0,%#%/"#.1/(I01%#@ B+ J"7-&0E 01 )%7-."E 7%1'.010 0+ "&I*++" 2&%-0 /0 #* #*,0&."&./%/ R&01'0 % +% 7*50&E F 0# 0+01)%&I%/" /0 7%1'010& F /0 '&%1#7.'.& % #*# )"0'210"# F % #*# /0#)01/.01'0# '"/% +% '&%/.).M1 H*0 Y+E,"& #* ,%&'0E J% &0).-./" "&%+701'0 ,"& I010&%)."10#@ B+ 70#'.X" %70&.)%1" 0# %#(E ,"& +% >(% ,%'0&1%E 0+/0,"#.'%&." /0 '&%/.)."10# 7.+01%&.%#@

    =0 %)*0&/" % 0#'% >.#.M1E 01'"1)0# +% '&%/.).M1 /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 0#'2 %#01'%/% #"-&0 *1%

    1").M1 /0 +% 7*50& )*F% #*-50'.>./%/ 0#'2 %*#01'0 " /"&7./%E ,*0#'" H*0 0+ ,"&'%/"& /0 +%%*'01'.)./%/ F J0&0/0&" /0+ ,%'&.7"1." "&%+ /0+ )%1'" 0# 0+ >%&M1@ :"7" #0C%+%&% 0+ 7.#7"

    `0&1%1/" ["1X2+0X V%&%-"+(E 0+ .1>0#'.I%/"& H*0 72# ,&"R*1/.XM 01 0+ 0#'*/." /0+ )%1'" % +%

    &*0/%E oD")%# #"1 +%# 7*50&0# H*0 J%1 )%1'%/" )*0)%E ,"&H*0 0# *1 %&'0 H*0 )"1#0&>%1 +"#

    J"7-&0#g 3:+%&" ,! #+ ]aakP ]i?4@ B1 0#'0 #01'./"E +% '&%/.).M1 0# 01'01/./% )"7" *1 %#,0)'"

    I010&.X%/" '"/% >0X H*0 ,0&'010)0 %+ /"7.1." 0W,0&.01).%+ /0+ >%&M1 H*0 0# H*.01 +% ,&"F0)'% ,"&

    70/." /0 *1% .1'0&,&0'%).M1 >")%+ H*0 /% )"1'.1*./%/ %+ +.1%50 %+ )*%+ ,0&'010)0n +% 7*50&E 01

    )%7-."E )"1#0&>% #*# )"1").7.01'"# /0 *1 7"/" _#.I.+"#"Z@ B+ #*50'" H*0 )"1#'&*F0 F #.I1.R.)% 0+

    IY10&" 0# *1./.701#."1%+ F ,"#00 *1% ,&0'01#.M1 /0 J.#'"&.)./%/ #"-&0 +% H*0 R*1/% #*

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    15/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ]A

    +0I.'.7./%/@ =0 0#'% R"&7% #0 .7,&.70 % +% '&%/.).M1 "&%+ F % +% ,&",.% 0W,0&.01).% /0+ )%1'" *1

    &YI.701 0,.#'Y7.)" J0'0&"#0W*%+ /"7.1%/" ,"& 0+ J"7-&0@

    B+ 0#'.+" /0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% 8,&",.).%/" ,"& !"# :J.+010&"#8 %+)%1XM % '010& &0I*+%&./%/ %

    '&%>Y# /0 "'&"# I&*,"# /0 )*0)% 7%#)*+.1"#E )"7" !"# :J.1I%10&"# 3"&.I.1%/"# R%7.+.%&701'0 01

    +"# %C"# c\ F ,"#'0&."&701'0 &0*1./"# -%5" 0#0 1"7-&04E L,%&)"% 3]aiA8]ajjE ?\\i J%#'% J"F4E

    !"# :01'&.1"#3%C"# i\ F j\4 F !"# LR*0&.1"# 3R.10# /0 +"# %C"# j\ J%#'% J"F4 H*0 )"1'.1*%&"1 +%

    '&%/.).M1 >")%+ 7%#)*+.1% /0 0#'0 )"15*1'" 7%1'01.01/" +"# 0+0701'"# R*1/%701'%+0# /0 #*

    'Y)1.)% .1'0&,&0'%'.>%@ L #* >0XE /0#/0 +"# %C"# j\ J%#'% .1.)."# /0 +"# %C"# a\ 0#'0 0#'.+" R*0

    &0,&"/*)./" 3/0 R"&7% /.#)"1'.1G%4 ,"& )%1'"&0# .1/.>./*%+0# " +"'0# %&7%/"# ,%&% R0#'.>%+0#E

    &0#'%*&%1'0#E 0#,%)."# J(,.)"# F +")%+0# /0 01'&0'01).M1 01 ;%1'.%I" F d%+,%&%(#"@ B#'% ,&2)'.)%R&%I701'%/%E #.1 07-%&I"E #0 >0&2 '&%1#R"&7%/% %+ ++0I%& 0+ R.1 /0 +% /.)'%/*&% 3]aa\4 )*%1/" 0+

    &*7-" )*+'*&%+ /0+ ,%(# #%H*0 /0+ %1"1.7%'" % 7*)J"# /0 +"# )*0H*0&"# %1'.I*"# I&%).%# % +%

    070&I01).% /0 *1% 1*0>% 0#)01% 7*#.)%+@

    !% 070&I01).% /0 0#'% 1*0>% 0#)01% 0#'*>" 10)0#%&.%701'0 >.1)*+%/% % +"# )%7-."#

    ,"+('.)"8)*+'*&%+0# /0+ ,%(# H*0 &0)"1'0W'*%+.X%&"1 0+ *1.>0" 01 0+ )*%+ #0 /0#%&&"++%-% +% )*0)%

    )"7" 7G#.)%E '0W'" F -%.+0@ B+ .1.)." /0 +% /07")&%).% .1.).M *1% ,&0")*,%).M1 ,G-+.)% ,"& +"#

    '07%# ,"#'0&I%/"# /0+ %*'"&.'%&.#7"E )"7" /0&0)J"# J*7%1"#E )&0).7.01'" 0)"1M7.)"

    _0H*.'%'.>"ZE 7">.+./%/ #").%+E )&0%).M1 /0 ,"+('.)%# )*+'*&%+0# FE ,%&'.)*+%&701'0E ,&0#01).% /0 +%

    7*50& 01 +% #").0/%/]]@ B1'&0 +%# '&%1#R"&7%)."10# ,&.1).,%+0# H*0 #*R&.M 0+ #0I701'" R0701.1" 01

    0#'% /Y)%/% F +% #.I*.01'0 0#'*>.0&"1 0+ %*701'" 01 0+ %))0#" % +% 0/*)%).M1 *1.>0.'%&.%E +%

    .1'0I&%).M1 %+ )"1#*7" )*+'*&%+ 3;0&1%7 ?\\kP ?i F :"1#05" 9%)."1%+ /0 +% :*+'*&% ?\\j4E 0+

    %*701'" /0 +% 50R%'*&% R0701.1% /0 J"I%&0# -.,%&01'%+0# 3/0#/0 ]aa?4E 0+ /0#)01#" '%#% /0

    R0)*1/./%/E 0+ %*701'" /0 +% 0#,0&%1X% /0 >./% 3;B69LV ?\\k4 F *1% 7%F"& 8%*1H*0 '01*08

    .1)"&,"&%).M1 %+ 70&)%/" +%-"&%+@

    =*&%1'0 0#'% 7.#7% Y,")% +% )*0)% /05M /0 ,0&'010)0& 0W)+*#.>%701'0 %+ )%1"1 R"+)+M&.)"

    '&%/.)."1%+ F #0 )"1>.&'.M 01 *1% 0W,&0#.M1 >.1)*+%/% % +% 7G#.)% ,",*+%&@ B#'" H*.0&0 /0).& H*0

    /05M /0 )"1)0-. )"7" *1 %&'0R%)'" 0#01).%+.X%/" ,"& +" '&%/.)."1%+ F ,%#M % #0& >.#'% )"7"

    7G#.)% eF% 1" R"+T+"&.X%/%g " #0% )"7" e7G#.)% ,",*+%& +")%+E *&-%1%E )"1'07,"&210%E )*0)% ).>.+E

    )*0)% +.-0&%/% /0 0#"# %7%&&0# .7,*0#'"# 01 0#% Y,")%E )*0)% ).*/%/%1% )"7,*0#'% ,"& 5M>010#

    F ,%&% 5M>010#g 3K"&&0# ?\]\P ]]a4@ ;0 )"1R"&7M %#( *1% &0/ /0 0#,%)."# /0 #").%-.+./%/ %&&%.I%/"#

    ]]N1% /0 +%# /07"#'&%)."10# /0 0#'0 .1'0&Y# ,"& +% 7*50& R*0 +% )&0%).M1 /0+ ;0&>.)." 9%)."1%+ /0 +% V*50& 3;B69LV4

    0+ c /0 010&" /0 ]aa]E &0,%&'.).M1 0#'%'%+ H*0 #.I*0 >.I01'0@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    16/42

    ]i !"#$% :; % /0 +% 0#)01% #0 ,&"/*5" % ,%&'.& /0+ #0I*1/" +*#'&" /0

    +"# a\@ B1 0#'% Y,")% #0 )"1#"+./M *1% ,0&R"&7%'.)./%/ /.#'.1'% /0+ IY10&" % ,%&'.& /0+ *#" /0

    1*0>"# .1#'&*701'"#E +% R*#.M1 /0 0#'.+"# h)"7" )*7-.%E '%1I"E >%+# ,0&*%1"E I*%&%)J%8E *1%

    1*0>% /.#,"#.).M1 F %)'.'*/ 01 0+ 0#)01%&."E *1% 7"/.R.)%).M1 01 0+ 0#'.+" /0 -%.+0 F

    ,%&'.)*+%&701'0E +% %,%&.).M1 /0 I&*,"# 01'0&%701'0 R0701.1"#@ L#(E 0+ 1*0>" 0#)01%&." ,"+('.)"

    H*0 R%).+.'M +% &0)*,0&%).M1 /0+ )%1'" /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% h7%#)*+.1"8 R*0 '%7-.Y1 0+ 1*0>"

    0#)01%&." H*0 R%).+.'M +% 070&I01).% /0 +"# I&*,"# /0 7*50&0#@B1 0#'0 0#)01%&." #*&I.0&"1 % R.10# /0 +"# %C"# a\ +"# ,&.70&"# I&*,"# /0 )*0)% *&-%1%

    .1'0I&%/"# )"7,+0'%701'0 ,"& 7*50&0#E )"7" !%# K"&)%X%# 3]aal4 FE ,"#'0&."&701'0E !%#

    :%,.'%+.1%# 3?\\]4 F !%# 9.C%# 3?\\i8?\\j4@ d%&."# /0 0#'"# I&*,"# %/",'%&"1 0+ 0#'.+" /0 )%1'" % +%

    &*0/% /0 !"# :J.+010&"# I&%).%# % +%# 01#0C%1X%# H*0 &0).-.0&"1 /0 >.05"# )*+'"&0# /*&%1'0 0+

    ,&")0#" /0 &0>.'%+.X%).M1 /0+ 0#'.+" *&-%1"E 0#,0).%+701'0 /0 s0&121 _9%1"Z 9GC0XE 7"'"&

    0#,.&.'*%+ F ,0/%IMI.)" /0 +% )*0)% )J.+010&% %/072# /0 ,*01'0 01'&0 +% ,&.70&% F #0I*1/% 7.'%/

    /0+ #.I+" rrE )"1 0+ #.I+" rrU]c@ =*&%1'0 0+ #0I*1/" +*#'&" /0+ 1*0>" #.I+"E #.1 07-%&I"E +"#

    )"15*1'"# R0701.1"# #0I*.&21 /0&&"'0&"# +0>0701'0 /.#'.1'"#E )"7" >0&07"# % )"1'.1*%).M1@

    [E A, 01'0, 1.L,/, J'K'/)/,E D2 0,*G 3' A,* $)e,* P A,* ?,F)+,2)/,*E

    B+ )"15*1'" !%# :%,.'%+.1%#1%).M 01 7%F" /0 ?\\] 01 +% )"7*1% /0 ;%1 b0&1%&/"E 60I.M1

    V0'&","+.'%1% /0 :J.+0E .1'0I&%/" ,"& #0.# 7*50&0# H*0 /*&%1'0 #*# ,&.70&"# ).1)" %C"# R*0&"1

    /.&.I./%# 7*#.)%+701'0 ,"& 0+ %)"&/0"1.#'% UI1%)." s0&121/0X 3H*0 F% J%-(% ,%&'.).,%/" /0 +%

    )&0%).M1 /0+ I&*," 7%#)*+.1" !"# ;%1'.%I*.1"#4@ =0#/0 #* R0)J% /0 R*1/%).M1 J%#'% 0+ %C" ?\]\ 0+

    )"15*1'" I&%-M )*%'&" /.#)"# )"7,%)'"# 3)"1 #0++"# +")%+0# " -%5" %*'"0/.).M14E #.01/" 0+ ,&.70&

    )"15*1'" /0 )*0)% *&-%1% 01'0&%701'0 R0701.1" 01 I&%-%& F 01'&%& %+ 70&)%/" /.#)"I&2R.)"

    ]? ;0IG1 +" &0>0+%1 +"# /%'"# /0 +% B1)*0#'% /0 :"1#*7" :*+'*&%+ /0+ %C" ?\\AE /0#%I&0I%/"# ,"& _#0W"Z@ dY%#0

    :"1#05" 9%)."1%+ /0 +% :*+'*&% 3?\\j4 F :%'%+21 F K"&)J0 3?\\A4@ ]c

    B1'&0 +"# I&*,"# H*0 #*&I.0&"1 01 0#'% Y,")% ,*0/01 701)."1% d01/%>%+ 3?\\A4E !%# D0C%#)%X" 3?\\i8?\\a4E B+

    D%&).'" 3?\\a4 F !%# D&.7%# 3?\]\4@ `*0&% /0 +% )%,.'%+ R.I*&%1 !%# D0&+%# /0+ b("8b(" 3:"1)0,).M14E !%# L&%*)%1%#3K07*)"4 F !%# !*+G# /0 D%1)J" [%1)J" F !%# m"F%# /0+ D%)(R.)"E /0 d%+,%&%(#"@ K%7-.Y1 %,%&0)0&21 I&*,"# 7.W'"#)"7" !"# D"&R.%/"# /0 +% :*0)% 3?\\?4 01 ;%1'.%I" F !"# D%+0'0%/"# /0+ D*0&'" 3]aa]4 01 d%+,%&%(#"E ,0&'010).01'0# %I010&%)."10# /.#'.1'%#@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    17/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ]j

    .1/0,01/.01'0@

    =*&%1'0 +% ,&.70&% ,%&'0 /0 #* '&%F0)'"&.% +% %I&*,%).M1 #0 ")*,M /0 J%)0& )*0)% *&-%1%

    )0&)%1% % +% >0&'.01'0 /0&.>%/% /0 !"# :J.+010&"#E )%1'%1/" % +% &*0/% F #0+0))."1%1/" %+I*1%#

    )*0)%# /0 UI1%)." s0&121/0X ,%&% #* &0,0&'"&." F #"-&0'"/" /0 s0&121 _9%1"Z 9GC0XE H*.01

    0#)&.-.M ,%&% 0++%# F +0# '&%1#7.'.M #*# 01#0C%1X%# ,"& 70/." /0 +% 0W,0&.01).% )%&% % )%&%@ B#'%

    J0&01).% H*0/M &0R+05%/% 01 #* '&%-%5" C.,/ 1#"# C;%+,3?\\?4E /"1/0 +0'&%# %1.7%)."10# F 0#'.+"

    /0 )%1'" R*0&"1 ,01#%/"# F 050)*'%/"# 01 0+ 0#'.+" )J.+010&"@ ;. -.01 )%7-.%&"1 %+I*1"# %#,0)'"#

    -2#.)"# /0+ #"1./" ,%&% /%& *1 1*0>" )"+"& %+ '.7-&0 R0701.1" h)"7" +% .7,"#'%).M18

    7%1'*>.0&"1 01 0#'0 '&%-%5" 0+ 0#,(&.'* )01'&.1" /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%E -%#%/" 01 +%# %1.7%)."10#E 0+

    *#" /0 +% #0I*1/% >"X &0I*+%&E +%# +0'&%# /0 '072'.)% *&-%1% F +% .1#'&*701'%).M1 )"1 ,.%1"E 01'&0"'&"# %#,0)'"#@ =0 0#'% R"&7%E !%# :%,.'%+.1%# #0 )"1>.&'.0&"1 01 0+ ,&.70& .1'01'" ,"& J%)0& *1%

    )*0)% -%#%/% 01 0+ 0#'.+" 7%#)*+.1" )J.+010&" ,0&" % ,%&'.& /0 +% >"X /0 +%# 7*50&0#@ B+ &0#*+'%/"

    R.1%+ R*0 *1 #"1./" )"&%+E #07. I&.'%/"E )"1 ,&0#01).% .1'0&7.'01'0 /0 >")0# #"+.#'%# F *1% %R.1%).M1

    705"& +"I&%/%@

    B1 #* #0I*1/% I&%-%).M1E '.'*+%/% O#/ S,40",/ C.,/ &0( O#/ C#1%!#+%(#/ 3?\\k4E 0+

    )"15*1'" /0)./.M -*#)%& *1% #"1"&./%/ 72# ,&",.% *'.+.X%1/" *1 0#'.+" /0 )%1'" 701"# _)J.++M1Z F

    %I&0I%1/" "'&"# .1#'&*701'"# ,%&% /%& _#*%>./%/y %+ #"1./"@ L,&">0)J%1/" +"# /"'0# /0

    %&&0I+%/"& F %&7"1.#'% /0 s0&121/0XE 0+ I&*," )"701XM % %-%1/"1%& +% .1R+*01).% /0+ )%1'" % +%

    &*0/% 0 .1)+*.& #0))."10# %+ *1(#"1" F %+'0&1%1).% /0 /"# >")0# 01 )%/% #0)).M1E -%5%1/" +%#

    '"1%+./%/0# 0 .1)+*F01/" R+%*'%]k@ B+ #"1./" /0+ I&*," )"7.01X% +01'%701'0 % )%7-.%& F )"1 Y+ #0

    7"/.R.)%1 %+I*1"# %#,0)'"# 0#'.+(#'.)"# /0 +% ./01'./%/ #"1"&% )J.+010&% %*1H*0 #.1 %-%1/"1%& +%#

    +0'&%# /0 9GC0X F +% /.&0)).M1 7*#.)%+ /0 s0&121/0X]A@

    ]k B#'0 )%7-." /0 0#'.+" 0# 1"'"&." )*%1/" #0 )"7,%&% +% >0.M1 /0 Z( [,":0/0 >#"#@/0E /0 UI1%)." s0&121/0XE

    I&%-%/% 01 0+ /.#)" O#/ S,40",/ C.,/ &0( O#/ C#1%!#+%(#/E )"1 +% 7.#7% 01 P#:D%9( ,/ C.,@]A

    !% .1R+*01).% /0 +"# ,&"/*)'"&0# 7%#)*+.1"# 01 +% ,&"/*)).M1 F %&&0I+" /0 /.#)"# /0 )*0)% J0)J"# ,"& 7*50&0# 0# *1J0)J" ,")" 0#'*/.%/"E %*1H*0 J%F >%&."# )%#"# .1'0&0#%1'0# )"7" +"# /0 6"/&.I" V.&%1/%E :&.#'.21 V%1).++%E =%1.0+D0X"% " 0+ 7.#7" UI1%)." s0&121/0XE )*F" &"+ 01 +% 0#)01% 7*#.)%+ /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% J% #./" /0'0&7.1%1'0@!%701'%-+0701'0 1" '0107"# 0#,%)." %J"&% ,%&% %-"&/%& 0#'0 '07%@ m%)H*0+.10 z%&Q.)T 3?\\A4E #.1 07-%&I"E J%0#'*/.%/" 0#'0 R01M701" 01 [,T/ \0! !;, >0],"^ P;, >0+%!%&/ 0Q >"0$.&!%0( %( \%"+ \"0.1 :./%&E /"1/0 /0#)&.-0 /0 H*Y7"/" +% 70/.%).M1 7%#)*+.1% 01 +%# I&%-%)."10# /0 I&*,"# R0701.1"# 8% '&%>Y# /0 +% '0)1"+"I(% " 0+ 0#'*/."8 J% ./"

    .7,&.7.01/" *1 )%&2)'0& /.#'.1'" % +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 ,"& 70/." /0 +%# 10I").%)."10#E )"7,&"7.#"# F 7%1.,*+%)."10#H*0 )%&%)'0&.X%1 +%# 1%&&%'.>%# H*0 &"/0%1 % 0#'"# I&*,"#@ 9" "-#'%1'0E %&I*701'%E +%# 7*50&0# ,*0/01 %,&",.% /00++" .1>01'%1/" R"&7%# /0 7"#'&% _)"7" #"1Z F )"1#.I*.01/" 0#'&%'0I.%# /0 07,"/0&%7.01'" 0 .1/.>./*%+.#7" 01+% -G#H*0/% /0 *1% 1").M1 /0 #.!,(!%&%$#$@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    18/42

    ]l !"#$% :; 0#'*%&." %#").%-+0 )"1 +%

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    19/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ]a

    1%).M1 " 0+ R"+)+"&0E #.1" *1% .7%I01 G1.)% )"1 0+ I&*," 7.&%1/" /0 R&01'0@ !% ,&"/*)).M1 /0 0#'%

    R"'"E )"1 #*# ,0.1%/"# _7"/0&1"#ZE #* >0#'*%&." /0 I%+% R"&7%+ F *1% .7,+().'% 0&M'.)% >.#*%+E

    #*I.0&0 *1 )%7-." .7,"&'%1'0 01 0+ I&*," J%).% +" *&-%1" FE %G1 '01*0701'0E J%).% +% ,&"F0)).M1

    /0 *1% .7%I01 R0701.1% 72# /.&0)'% F %)'.>%@ L#(E )"1 *1% ,0H*0C% %F*/% /0 +% /.#)"I&2R.)%E 0+

    I&*," /% *1 ,%#" J%).% +% 0#'Y'.)% F #"1./" /0 +% 7G#.)% ,",*+%& ,"1.01/" /0 J0)J" +%# -%H*0'%#

    01 0+ Q"0(! /0 +% R"'" 35*1'" )"1 0+ ,%1/0&"4E 7.01'&%# H*0 +% I*.'%&&%E 0+ .1#'&*701'" 72#

    '&%/.)."1%+ /0 +% )*0)% )%7,0#.1%E H*0/% %'&2#@ L#( #0 I0#'% +% ./0% /0 R*#."1%& '"/"# +"#

    0+0701'"# /0 +% )*0)% F 1" #M+" %+I*1"#n )"7" %R.&7% t%&01 L+R%&"E eR*#."1%& +% )*0)% 01 '"/"

    #01'./"E " #0% +% 7G#.)%E +% +0'&% F +"# .1#'&*701'"#g@

    CK,H'/::@ D"&'%/% /0+ /.#)" F( ,+ D#" $, _,"'(%?\\a4 /0 O#/ C#1%!#+%(#/

    B#'%# 7.#7%# ./0%# #"1 0W,%1/./%# F /0#%&&"++%/%# 01 #* G+'.7" '&%-%5"E F( ,+ D#" $,

    _,"'(%?\\a4E /"1/0 %,*0#'%1 /.&0)'%701'0 ,"& *1% 7.&%/% /0 +" R0701.1" /0#/0 +% )*0)%@ B+

    )"15*1'" .1)+*F0 %H*( #*# ,&",.%# )"7,"#.)."10# )"1 +%# H*0 ,%&%R&%#0% "'&"# IY10&"# 7*#.)%+0#

    *#%1/" '&"7,0'% F ,0&)*#.M1 +%'.1"%70&.)%1% 3R"W8'&"'E -"+0&"E )%1).M1 F )*7-.%4 )"1 *1 ./."7%

    )0&)%1" % +% -%+%/% F 0+ &")T@ =0 0#'% R"&7%E )"1#"+./%1 +% ./01'./%/ #"1"&% 7"#'&%/% 01 P#:D%9(,/ C., )"1 *1% .7%I01 %-#'&%)'% hH*0 R.I*&% 01 +% ,"&'%/%8 /"1/0 7*50& F J"7-&0 .1'0&%)'G%1

    01 *1 #01'./" ,&0'Y&.'" %+ .1'0&."& *1% ,.0X% >%)(% /"1/0 +"# J0)J"# F% ")*&&.0&"1E )"7" 7.&%1/"

    J%).% %'&2# /0#/0 0+ ,&0#01'0@ :"1)0-./" )"7" *1 2+-*7 '072'.)" 8H*0 .1'0&)%+% *1 /.2+"I" 01'&0

    J"7-&0 F 7*50&8 0#'0 /.#)" *'.+.X% +% 70'2R"&% >.#*%+ /0 +% 7*50& %,%&01'0701'0 %*#01'0 H*0

    07,0&" 0#'2 .1#0&'% 01 0+ /(% % /(% F 7%1'.010 0+ )"1'&"+ /0 #* >./%P

    S" ",.1" H*0 d0&M1.)% #( &0,&0#01'% % +% 7*50&E % +% 7*50& 01 '"/" #01'./" pfq H*0 ,%#M ,"& '"/" 0#0

    ,&")0#" /"1/0 0++% R*0 /0#,+%X%/% F R*0 7.&%/% )"7" *1 #(7-"+" #0W*%+ F H*0 R*0 )&.'.)%/% ,"& +%#").0/%/@ D0&" 0++% #.I*0 ,%&% J"F 01 /(% F #.I*0 ,%&% J"F 01 /(% )"1 #* 0W,0&.01).%E )"1 #* J.#'"&.%E#.I*0 ,%&% )"1 0+ &0)"1").7.01'" p/0q H*0 1" +0 ,&0")*,% +" H*0 /.I%1 +"# /072# pfq B1'"1)0# F" )&0"

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    20/42

    ?\ !"#$% :; .#'% I&*,%+ % !%# :%,.'%+.1%#E ?A8r8?\]\

    :"1 *1% J.#'"&.% 7*F /.#'.1'% 070&I0 01'&0 +"# %C"# ?\\i F ?\\j 0+ I&*," !%# 9.C%#@

    9%)./%# 01 *1% Y,")% /0 R*0&'0 )&0).7.01'" /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%E #* %,%&.).M1 &0,&0#01'% % *1%

    #0I*1/% I010&%).M1 /0 %I&*,%)."10# R0701.1%# >.1)*+%/% %+ %7-.01'0 /0 +% )*0)% )J.+010&%E %+

    .I*%+ H*0 "'&"# )"15*1'"# )"7" !%# D0C%#)%X"E B+ D%&).'" " !%# D&.7%#E F% 701)."1%/%#@

    L /.R0&01).% /0 !%# :%,.'%+.1%#E 0+ )"15*1'" !%# 9.C%# #0 *-.)M /0#/0 *1 )"7.01X" 01 +%

    >0&'.01'0 -&%>% /0 +% )*0)% F /0#/0 %J( )"1'.1*M #* '&%-%5" /0 /.R*#.M1 )%7-.%1/" #M+" %+I*1"#

    %#,0)'"# /0 #* ,&",*0#'%@ U1'0I&%/% 01 #*# .1.)."# ,"& *1 )*%&'0'"E +*0I" ,"& *1 '&(" F 7*F

    &0).01'0701'0 ,"& *1 #0,'0'" 3?\]]4E 0+ )"15*1'" %,&01/.M +% 'Y)1.)% F /0#,+%1'0 /0+ )%1'" % +%

    &*0/% % ,%&'.& /0 +%# 01#0C%1X%# /0 s0&121 _9%1"Z 9GC0XE )"1 H*.01 %+I*1%# /0 0++%#

    )"7,%&'.0&"1 %1'0# /0 #* 7*0&'0@ 9" "-#'%1'0 0++"E +% 7%F"& ,%&'0 /0 #* %,&01/.X%50 ,&">.1" /0

    +%# #0#."10# /0 )%1'" )"+0)'.>%# #"#'01./%# 5*1'" %+ I&*," /0 )*0)% *&-%1% !"# K&*T0&"# 01 O#

    >0/#$# $,+ C0"",-%$0"h%)'*%+ )%#% 7*#0" H*0 ,0&'010).M % +% >./% -"J07.% #%1'.%I*.1% /0 +"#

    %C"# c\ F k\8 /"1/0 Y#'"# &0%+.X%&"1 01#%F"# %-.0&'"# 01'&0 +"# %C"# ?\\A F ?\\i@ L 0#'%# /"#

    0W,0&.01).%# #0 #*7%&"1 +%# &*0/%# /0 )%1'"&0# H*0 #0 R"&7%-%1 01 0>01'"# )*0H*0&"# &0%+.X%/"#

    01 /.>0"# ,*1'"# /0 ;%1'.%I"E )"7" +% V.++%E 0+ L.1.+E +% d0I% " 0+ &0#'%*&%1' s*%#" B1&.H*0E

    0#,%)."# R0#'.>"# " /0 )"70&)." H*0 R*0&"1 &0)*,0&%/"# ,"& +% 0#)01% /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%

    5*#'%701'0 ,%&% )"1'%& )"1 #.'."# /0 -%.+0 FE ")%#."1%+701'0E )"1 0#,%)."# ,%&% &0%+.X%& 0+ )%1'" %

    +% &*0/% /0 7"/" 0#,"1'210"E )"7" +" J%)(%1 +"# +"'0# /0 %1'%C"@

    B1 0#'0 %7-.01'0 !%# 9.C%# %-#"&-.0&"1 +% '&%/.).M1 7%#)*+.1% /0 )%1'" % +% &*0/%

    70X)+%1/" +% *#%1X% /0 +"# >.05"# )%1'"&0# )"1 +% /0 +"# 1*0>"# )*+'"&0# /0 ,&.70&% I010&%).M1@

    =*&%1'0 #* ,0&("/" /0 %,&01/.X%50E /0 J0)J"E 0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% 7%#)*+.1" 0#'%-% 01 *1" /0 #*#

    7"701'"# 72# .7,"&'%1'0# /0 &0)*,0&%).M1 ,"& +" H*0 %)0,'%&"1 +% R"&7% /0 J%)0& 0#'0 )%1'"@

    ;.1 07-%&I"E #* /0#0" /0 )%1'%& F ,%&'.).,%& +0# ++0>M % #01'. .7,0+./%# /0 -*#)%& *1% R"&7% /0

    .1'0I&% % +%# &*0/%# /0 )%1'"&0# _% ,0#%& /0 #0& 7*50&0#Z@

    B+ J0)J" /0 H*0 0++%# %)0,'%&%1 F &0#,0'%&%1 0#'% '&%/.).M1 /0#/0 0+ .1.)." h0+ )%1'" % +%

    &*0/% )"7" *1% ,&2)'.)% _01'0&%701'0 /0 J"7-&0#Z8 #0 /0-.M ,"& *1 +%/" % +% )&001).% /0 H*0 +%

    '&%1#7.#.M1 /0+ 0#'.+" /0,01/(% /0+ '.7-&0 3)"+"&4 F R"&7%'" /0+ )%1'" 01 +"'0# 7%#)*+.1"#n ,0&"

    '%7-.Y1 %+ J0)J" /0 H*0 +"# H*0 01#0C%-%1 0#'0 )%1'" 0&%1 5*#'%701'0 >%&"10# H*0 8.1>0#'./"#

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    21/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ?]

    )"1 +% %*'"&./%/ H*0 +0# "'"&I%-% #* #0W"8 .7,%&'(%1 +%# 1"&7%# /0+ )%1'" )"1 R.10# ,0/%IMI.)"#P

    B1 0#0 7"701'" 1"#"'&"# 01'&2-%7"# 01 +% ,%1/.++% /0 +% )*0)% F +"# )%-&"# p%7.I"#q 0&%1 +"# /*0C"#/0 0#% #.'*%).M1@ B1'"1)0# 01 &0%+./%/ +% G1.)% 7%10&% /0 )%1'%& 01 0#0 7"701'" 0&% /0 +% 7.#7%R"&7% H*0 )%1'%-%1 0++"#E )%)J%.E H*0 0&% _% +% &*0/%Z pfq )*%1/" ++0I%7"# % 0#0 +*I%& 0&%1 +%# &0I+%# /00++"#E F" )&0" pfq 0&% *1% #.'*%).M1 -.01 /0 "-0/.01).%

    D%70+% /0+ :%1'"E 01'&0>.#'% I&*,%+ % !%# 9.C%#E l8r8?\]\

    =0 0#'0 7"/"E 0+ 0#'.+" /0 !%# 9.C%# #0 7%1'*>" R.0+ % +%# ,&2)'.)%# ,0&R"&72'.)%# /0+ )%1'"

    /0 +% )J.+01% % ,%&'.& /0 +%# &0I+%# 7%#)*+.1%#E +" H*0 +0# ,0&7.'.M 01'&"1.X%& 0+ 0#'.+" ,0&" %+ 7.#7"

    '.07," &0,+%1'0% R*0&'0701'0 #* /0#0" /0 7%1'010& 0#'0 0#'.+" -%5" *1 ,&0)0,'" >%&"1.+@ B1

    0#'0 #01'./"E 0#'0 I&*," R*0 0+ ,&.70& )"15*1'" /0 )*0)% *&-%1% 01'0&%701'0 R0701.1" 010W'&%,"+%& 0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% 7%#)*+.1" 8)"1 #* #"1"&./%/ %I*/% F 1%#%+ /0 R*0&'0 >"+*7018 % +%#

    )"1/.)."10# >")%+0# /0 +% 7*50&E 01 *1 R"&7%'" /0 )*%&'0'" " '&("@ D%&% 0#'" %/%,'%&"1 #*#

    I%&I%1'%# )%7-.%1/" +% '0#.'*&%E 0+ )"+"& F 0+ '.," /0 07.#.M1 >")%+E .1'&"/*).01/" *1%

    '&%1#R"&7%).M1 01 0+ #"1./" /0 +% )*0)% H*0 J%#'% 01'"1)0# #0 /0#)"1")(% % 1.>0+ /.#)"I&2R.)"P 0+

    1%!0R0701.1"]i@

    :"1 0#'0 )%7-." )"1>.&'.0&"1 0+ '&%/.)."1%+ #"1./" _)J.++M1Z /0+ &0I.#'&" %I*/" R0701.1" h

    )"7" +0 ++%7%1 !%# :%,.'%+.1%#8 01 *1% >"X ,%#'"#% F I&*0#% 7*)J" 72# ,010'&%1'0 H*0 +%

    .7,"#'%).M1 )%7,0#.1% '&%/.)."1%+E /0 )%&2)'0& 72# +(&.)"E %I*/" F /0+I%/% '0W'*&% #"1"&%@ B#'0

    0R0)'" +" )"1#.I*.0&"1 )%7-.%1/" %/072# +% /.)).M1 /0 +%# )*0)%# F R.5%1/" *1 R&%#0" 72# +.-&0 /0

    +"# >0"#E % /.R0&01).% /0+ )%&2)'0& #.+2-.)" /0 +"# I&*,"# R0701.1"# /0 %1'%C"E 72# 2I.+ F 0W%)'"

    01 #* %)01'*%).M1 /0 +"# '.07,"# R*0&'0# 3'%7-.Y1 ++%7%/" _)J.)"'0%/"Z4@

    ]i;"1 *1% 0W)0,).M1 % 0++" +%# %,%&.)."10# /0 +"'0# R0701.1"# 01 #0#."10# /0 )%1'" % +% &*0/% ++0>%/%# % )%-" 01

    ;%1'.%I" /*&%1'0 0+ ,0&("/" %+ H*0 %H*( 70 &0R.0&"E )"7" +% V.++%E 0+ L.1.+ " 0+ &0#'%*&%1' s*%#" B1&.H*0 8F%701)."1%/%#8 " +"# '%++0&0# /0 )%1'" % +% &*0/% &0%+.X%/"# 01 0+ %C" ?\\l 01 +% :"&,"&%).M1 :*+'*&%+ b%+7%)0/% L&'0m">01E *-.)%/% 01 b%+7%)0/% ]?]A@ ;.1 07-%&I"E Y#'%# 1" %+)%1X%&"1 % '010& .7,%)'" /.#)"I&2R.)" )"7" #( ")*&&.M)"1 !%# 9.C%# F '%7-.Y1 )"1 "'&"# I&*,"# )"7" B+ D%&).'" " !%# D0C%#)%X"@ B#'0 G+'.7" I&*,"E #. -.01 /0#%&&"++M *10#'.+" )0&)%1" %+ #"1./" *&-%1" )J.+010&"E #0 ")*,M /0 *1 &0,0&'"&." )01'&%/" 01 +"# "R.)."# /0 +% 7*50& ,",*+%&

    )J.+01% /0 ,0&("/"# J.#'M&.)"# )"1)&0'"#E &0%+.X%1/" *1 '&%-%5" /0 &0)&0%).M1 J.#'M&.)% /0 +% )*0)% )"1 *1% 70X)+% /0+% >.#.M1 /0 +% )%1'"&% )%7,0#.1% F +% /0 +% 7*50& )*0H*0&% *&-%1%@ ;* ,&",*0#'%E 01 0#'0 #01'./"E 0# *1%&0,&0#01'%).M1 )01'&%/% 01 +% J.#'"&.)./%/ /0+ &0,0&'"&." 72# H*0 01 +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 F 0+ '.," /0 .7,"#'%).M1 >")%+E)&.'0&."# H*0 J0 0+0I./" ,%&% 0+ %12+.#.# /0 0#'0 '0W'"@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    22/42

    ?? !"#$% :; %& H*0 01 +% ,"&'%/% /0 0#'0 /.#)" %,%&0)0 *1% 7*50& #"+%

    )"1 #* ,%C*0+" /0 )*0)% )"7" G1.)% )"7,%C(%E %,%&01'0701'0 0#,0&%1/" % %+I*.01 ,%&% #0I*.&

    )J%&+%1/" )"1 *1 >%#" /0 >.1" F *1 ).I%&&" &0).Y1 ,&01/./"@ :"1 0#'% .7%I01 /0 %*#01).% " /0

    >%)(" F %+ .I*%+ H*0 J.).0&%1 !%# :%,.'%+.1%# 01 F+ `#" $, _,"'(%E !%# 9.C%# #*I.0&01 H*0 %+I"

    ")*&&.ME H*0 %+I" 0#'2 ,%#%1/" " H*0 %+I" >.010E )"7" *1% 70'2R"&% /0 +"# )%7-."# 01 0+ &"+ /0 +%

    7*50& /*&%1'0 0+ 1*0>" 7.+01."@

    B+ )%#" /0 !%# :%,.'%+.1%# F !%# 9.C%# #.&>0 /0 0507,+" ,%&% 0#'*/.%& /0 H*Y 7"/" +%

    ,&0#01).% /0 +% 7*50& J% ./" I010&%1/" )%7-."# 01 0+ 7"/" /0 )"7,&01/0& +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 F +%

    )"&,"&%+./%/ /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% #%1'.%I*.1%@ B++%# &0R+05%1 0'%,%# * "+0%/%# /0 %,%&.).M1 /0 *1%

    1*0>% R"&7% /0 )"7,&01/0& +% ,0&R"&72'.)% /0+ )%1'" ,",*+%& % ,%&'.& /0+ &0,"#.)."1%7.01'" /0

    +% 7*50& )"7" #*50'" %)'.>" /0 +% 7G#.)%@ D0&" '%7-.Y1 #"1 *1 0507,+" /0 '&%1#R"&7%).M1 /0+IY10&" 7*#.)%+ 7.#7" 01 +% 70/./% 01 H*0 +"# )%7-."# H*0 0++%# J%1 ++0>%/" % )%-" J%1 #0&>./"

    /0 0507,+" % "'&"# I&*,"# H*0 /0#0%1 7%1'010& 0+ )%1'" *&-%1" )J.+010&" 3)"7" J%)01 !%#

    9.C%#4 " R*#."1%&+"O'&%1#R"&7%&+" )"1 "'&"# IY10&"# 3)"7" J%)01 !%# :%,.'%+.1%#4@ B1 0#'0 #01'./"E

    % '&%>Y# /0 +%# 7*50&0# +% 0#)01% /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% J% %/H*.&./" /.1%7.#7" F #"-&0'"/" J%

    )"1#0I*./" *1% )"1).01).% /"-+0 8/0 IY10&" 3I01/0&4 F /0 IY10&" 7*#.)%+ 3I01&048 H*0 J"F 0# *1%

    7%&)% R*1/%701'%+ /0 +% )*+'*&% *&-%1% )%,.'%+.1%@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    23/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ?c

    \E ?1'.FG P F'.JG.K,/0'E "'F.'*'/+,0)G/'* 3' HI/'.G '/ 2, 01'0, 1.L,/, 0M)2'/, %&"10# H*0

    72# %&&.-% J0 701)."1%/"@

    B#'% '01#.M1 ,*0/0 %,&0).% 01 /"# %#,0)'"#@ N1" )"&&0#,"1/0 % +"# )%7-."# ,&"/*)./"#

    ,"& +% )&0).01'0 &01">%).M1 /0 +% F'.JG.K,/0'/0 +% )*0)% 3>0#'*%&."E 0#)01"I&%R(%E )"+"&E 1*0>"#

    IY10&"# 7*#.)%+0# F )%7-."# 01 +% .7,"#'%).M1 >")%+4 F "'&" % +% .1#'%+%).M1 /0 *1 1*0>",.`1'+)FG#").%+ 3+% 7*50& /0 -*&/0+ " ,&"#'.'*'%4 )"7,+0701'%&." F % >0)0# ",*0#'" %+ %&H*0'.,"

    J%#'% %J"&% /"7.1%1'0 /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%E 0+ "0!0 &;%+,(0@

    L )"1'.1*%).M1 70 I*#'%&(% /0#%&&"++%& 0#'"# /"# 'M,.)"# %1)+21/"70 01 0+ )%#" /0 !%#

    :%,.'%+.1%# F !%# 9.C%# ,0&" %,&">0)J%1/" '%7-.Y1 /0 7"#'&%&+% 0W.#'01).% /0 *1% %7,+.%

    >%&.0/%/ /0 I&*,"# R0701.1"# /0 )*0)% /0+ %7-.01'0 )%,.'%+.1" 8F % >0)0# ,"&'0C"8 /0 +% G+'.7%

    /Y)%/%@ V. %12+.#.# #0 )01'&%&2 01 +"# %#,0)'"# &0+%'.>"# % +%1,"Q0":#(&,#0IG1 +% /.#'.1).M1 01'&0

    ,0&R"&7%'.>./%/ F ,0&R"&7%'.)./%/ 72# %&&.-% 0W,+.)%/% 3/"1/0 +" ,&.70&" &0R.0&0 % ,&2)'.)%#

    #").%+0# F )*+'*&%+0# %7,+.%# F +" #0I*1/" % 0+0701'"# 0#)Y1.)"8'0%'&%+0# /0 +% .1'0&,&0'%).M14 F 01

    +"# 0+0701'"# &0R0&./"# %+ *#" /0+ &.,"10 /0 +% 7*50& /0 -*&/0+@

    ,= N'.JG.K,/0'

    :"7" #%-07"# +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 7*#.)%+ 0# *1 ,&")0#" /0 ,&"/*)).M1 /0 #.I1.R.)%/" H*0 #0

    10I").% " %)*0&/% )"1 H*.010# +% "-#0&>%1 " 0#)*)J%1@ V2# H*0 #0& *1 _'0W'"Z /0 >%+"& 0# *1

    R01M701" #").%+ .&&0/*)'.-+0 /"1/0 1.1IG1 0+0701'" 0# .&&0+0>%1'0 3:""T ?\\cP ?\iE ?]]4 F /"1/0

    +% 7G#.)% #.&>0 " .1/*)0 % +"# .1'Y&,&0'0# F #*# %*/.01).%# % _J%)0& )"#%#Z 3V%/&./ ?\\a4@ B1 0#'0

    #01'./"E +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 1" &0R+05% #.7,+0701'0 *1% &0%+./%/ ,&00W.#'01'0 #.1" H*0 )&0% 1")."10#

    /0 #01'./" % '&%>Y# /0 #*# +0'&%#E #"1./"# F %))."10#@ B1 0#'0 )%#"E %F*/% % )&0%& " '&%1#R"&7%& +%

    1").M1 /0 IY10&"@

    ;. -.01 +%# /.R0&01).%# 01'&0 +"# #0W"# #0 )&0%1 /0#/0 0+ +01I*%50E )"7" )&00 ;)"'' 3?\\lP

    ]k?c4E 0+ IY10&" 0# '%7-.Y1 *1 ,&")0#" ,"& 70/." /0+ )*%+ #0 0#'%-+0)01 &"+0# F )%'0I"&(%# H*0

    +*0I" #"1 &0R*'%/%# F '&%1#R"&7%/%# % '&%>Y# /0 +% 7G#.)% ,0&R"&7%/% 3:"J01 ?\\]P ?c]4@ D"& 0#"

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    24/42

    ?k !"#$% :; " R*0 1"'"&." /01'&" /0+ 7*1/"

    /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% R*0 0+ /0+ >0#'*%&."E +% 0#)01"I&%R(% F +% +*X 3)"+"&4 /0 +%# ,&0#01'%)."10# 01

    >.>" F I&%-%)."10# /.#)"I&2R.)%#@ K%1'" 01 ;%1'.%I" )"7" 01 d%+,%&%(#" +*0I" /0 %,%&0)./"# +"#

    I&*,"# R0701.1"# )"701XM % 1"'% *1 )%7-." /0 )"+"&E ,%#21/"#0 I&%/*%+701'0 /0+ 10I&" F

    I&.# 8*#%/" ,"& +"# I&*,"# 7%#)*+.1"#8 % +% .7,+0701'%).M1 /0 )"+"&0# )"1'&%#'%1'0# 01 +%# &",%# F

    %/"&1"# 0#)Y1.)"# 3,%&'.)*+%&701'0 0+ &"5"E 0+ %7%&.++" F 0+ -+%1)"4@ L+I*1"# I&*,"#E )"7" !%#:%,.'%+.1%#E )"701X%&"1 % .7,+0701'%& '0+"10#E ,01/"10# " )"&'.1%# /0 R"1/" )"1 .72I010# "

    #(7-"+"# )"1 0+ R.1 /0 %-%&)%& *1 %-%1.)" 72# %7,+." /0 ,"#.-.+./%/0# ,%&% #* ,G-+.)"E )"7" #0

    %,&0).% 01 +%# .72I010# ]c % ]A@

    CK,H'/:[@ O0/ C;%(-#(,"0/01 0+ [%+,M1 d()'"& m%&% 3?l8dUUU8?\\l4E #%+% )Y1'&.)% /0 ;%1'.%I"`"'" /0 :J&.#'.%1 ;,01)0& B#,.1"#%

    CK,H'/:\@ O#/ C#1%!#+%(#/01 +% ;%+% /0 +% ;").0/%/ :J.+01% /0+ =0&0)J" /0 L*'"&E !% `+"&./% 3?c8d8?\\a4`"'" /0 :J&.#'.%1 ;,01)0& B#,.1"#%

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    25/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ?A

    CK,H'/:;@ O#/ 3%2#/01 0+ dUU L1.>0%&." /0 +% ,2I.1% z0- :*0)%)J.+01%@)+ 3]A8Ur8?\\l4`"'" /0 :J&.#'.%1 ;,01)0& B#,.1"#%

    B#'0 )%7-." 1" .7,+.)M H*0 #0 R.5%&% *1% /.)"'"7(% /"1/0 +" R0701.1" R*0 .I*%+ % +"_)"+"&./"Z F +" 7%#)*+.1" .I*%+ % +" _I&.#ZE ,0&" #( #.I1.R.)M H*0 0+ >0#'*%&." F 0#)01"I&%R(% /0 +%#

    ,&0#01'%)."10# 7*#.)%+0# R0701.1%# &"7,.0&% +% #"+071./%/ >.#*%+ /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 7%#)*+.1%

    #.1 '010& H*0 &01*1).%& % #* 0#,(&.'* -&%>" F /0 R*#.M1@ =0 J0)J"E 0#'0 ,0H*0C" )%7-." #01#"&.%+

    %'&%5" 1*0>"# ,G-+.)"# F &0+%5M +% .7%I01 ,&"'")"+%& /0 +"# >%&"10# %#").%/% % +% 0+0I%1).% /0 +"#

    )*+'"&0# %1'%C"E #.07,&0 '&%50%/"# F /0 0'.H*0'%]j@ :"7" #0 %,&0).% 01 +%# .72I010#E 0#'"#

    )%7-."# R*0&"1 %*701'%1/" % 70/./% H*0 ,%#%&"1 +"# %C"#E ++0I%1/" % '&%1#R"&7%& +%

    "&1%701'%).M1 1" #M+" /0 +"# 0#,0)'2)*+"# 01 >.>" F )%&2'*+%# /0 +"# /.#)"#E #.1" '%7-.Y1 /0 +"#

    Q+.&'.0&"1 %#( 01 Q%(#/

    F %+ 7.#7" '.07," $%&;#"#&;,"#/@

    CK,H'/ :U@ D"&'%/% /0+ /.#)" O0/ $,+ O0!, +,(!#( # !0$0 ,+ :.($0E /0 !"# /0+ !"'0 3?\]\4

    CK,H'/:W@ D"&'%/% /0 +% ,&"/*)).M1 O# C.,.,/!"# /0 !"# L&&%-%+0&"# 3?\]\4

    ]jN1% 0W)0,).M1 % 0#'% R"&7%+./%/ /0+ >0#'.& 0# 0+ )"15*1'" !"# K&*T0&"#@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    26/42

    ?i !"#$% :; #!%!#/0+ )"15*1'" =%1.0+ V*C"XE Y+.W !+%1)%R.+ FcWj d0.1'.*1% 3?\\j4

    CK,H'/:V@ C;%+, Z"D#(0/0 !%# K"&)%X%# 3?\]\4 CK,H'/89@ U7%I01 R&"1'%+ /0+ /.#)" )"7,%)'"F+ >#"&%!0 < /./ C.,/ &0( S020 /0 B+ D%&).'"

    3?\]\4

    CK,H'/8:@ :%&2'*+% /0+ /.#)" 3,-"%!0 C#+%,(!,EC., D"#6# /0+ )"15*1'" ,"&'0C"!%# !*+G /0

    D%1)J" [%1)J" 3?\\a4

    CK,H'/ 88@ +F0& /0+ !%1X%7.01'" /0+ /.#)"A+>#"!%" /0+ I&*," d01/%>%+ 3?\]\8?\]]4

    B1 ).0&'" 7"/"E 0#'%# .72I010# %F*/%&"1 % .1'&"/*).& *1% >%&.%-+0 /0 IY10&" H*0 %1'0# 1"0W.#'(% 01 +% .7%I01 /0 +% )*0)% )J.+010&%E J%).Y1/"+% 72# J0'0&"#0W*%+@ D%&%R&%#0%1/" +%# ./0%#

    /0 +% J.#'"&.%/"&% m"%1 ;)"'' 3]ali4E )"1 0#'0 '.," /0 )%7-."# +% 0#)01% R0701.1% /0 +% )*0)%

    *&-%1% 01'&0IM 1*0>"# #(7-"+"# H*0 ,0&7.'.0&"1 0>")%& F )&0%& "'&%# &0,&0#01'%)."10# /0

    IY10&"E -%#%/%# 01 *1% ,0&R"&7%1)0 7*#.)%+ '&%1#./% /0 0W,0&.01).%# #*-50'.>%#@ =.)J%

    ,0&R"&7%1)0 R*0 *1% R"&7% /0 '&%/*).& 0+ IY10&" %+ #"1./" 70/.%1'0 +%# &0,0'.)."10# /0

    7">.7.01'"#E 70+"/(%#E '0W'"# 0 .72I010# &.'*%+0# H*0 0#'.+.X%-%1 0+ )*0&," F )"1R"&7%-%1 *1%

    )"1#'%1'0 10I").%).M1 01'&0 0+ .1/.>./*" F #* 01'"&1" #").%+@ D")" % ,")" +"# )M/.I"# /0 +"

    R0701.1" R*0&"1 ++01%1/" +% 0#)01% /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    27/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ?j

    " % +% 7G#.)%E 0#,0).%+701'0 >.#.-+0 01 +% .1)"&,"&%).M1 /0 1*0>"# IY10&"# 7*#.)%+0#E

    +% )&0%).M1 /0 1*0>"# &0,0&'"&."# F +% '&%1#R"&7%).M1 /0+ '.," /0 .7,"#'%).M1 >")%+ 7%#)*+.1%

    3)%1'" % +% &*0/%4@

    B1 0+ )%#" /0 +"# IY10&"# 7*#.)%+0#E +% R*#.M1 )"1 0#'.+"# 0W,%1/.M 0+ )%7," #"1"&" /0 +%

    )*0)% *&-%1% J%).% +% -%+%/%E 0+ ,",E 0+ &")T F 0+ -+*0#E )"7" #0 %,&0).% 01 P#:D%9( ,/ C.,F F(

    ,+ `#" $, _,"'(% /"1/0 0+ #"1./" #0 J.X" 701"# R"+)+M&.)" 3%)G#'.)"4 F 72# 0+Y)'&.)"E %*1H*0 #.1

    ,0&/0& 5%72# 0+ ,%1/0&"E #(7-"+" .10H*(>")" /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%@ !" 7.#7" ")*&&.M )"1 0+ '&%-%5"

    &0%+.X%/" ,"& "'&" .7,"&'%1'0 I&*," *&-%1" R0701.1"E !%# K"&)%X%#E 01 B,(!%:%,(!0 $, S.4,"

    3?\\c4 F C., $, +# C%.$#$3?\\j4E /"1/0 #0 01#%1)JM 0+ 0#,0)'&" >")%+ 3% '&0# >")0#4E #0 )&0%&"1%&7"1.X%)."10# )0&)%1%# %+ -+*0# F #0 .1'0I&%&"1 70+.#7%# )"1'&%,*1'(#'.)"# /01'&" /0 +%

    0#'&*)'*&% R"&7%+ /0 )*0)%]l@ B#'" /.R.0&0 /0 +" H*0 J%)0 +% 7%F"& ,%&'0 /0 +"# I&*,"# 7%#)*+.1"#

    /0 )*0)% *&-%1% H*0 #0 7*0#'&%1 72# )0&)%1"# %+ &")T F +% )*7-.% 3IY10&"# %&&%.I%/"# 01 +%

    )*+'*&% -%.+%-+0 #%1'.%I*.1% /0#/0 J%)0 )%#. 70/." #.I+"4 F 01 701"& 70/./% %+ R"W8'&"' F 0+ '%1I"E

    )"7" #0 %,&0).% 01 %+I*1%# /0 +%# ,&0#01'%)."10# F /.#)"# /0 !"# K&*T0&"#E !"# K&.)"+"&0# F !"#

    ;%1'.%I*.1"#]a@

    N1 )%7-." .I*%+701'0 .1'0&0#%1'0 J% #./" +% >%&.%).M1 /0 +% )%1'./%/ /0 .1'Y&,&0'0# 01 +"#

    I&*,"# R0701.1"#E H*0 #0 J% /.>0.R.)%/" ,%&% %-%&)%& /G"#E '&("#E )*%&'0'"# 0 .1)+*#" H*.1'0'"# F

    #0,'0'"# )"1 " #.1 %)"7,%C%7.01'"@ B507,+" /0 0#'" #"1 '"/"# +"# I&*,"# 701)."1%/"# F

    ,%&'.)*+%&701'0 !%# :%,.'%+.1%# F !%# 9.C%#E H*0 #0 J%1 ,&0#01'%/" 01 >%&."# R"&7%'"# #0IG1 +"#

    /.#'.1'"# 7"701'"# /0 #* '&%F0)'"&.%E /0#%&&"++%1/" *1% .7,"&'%1'0 )%,%)./%/ /0 %/%,'%).M1@

    :.0&'%701'0E 0#'0 0#)01%&." /.R.0&0 /0 +% /.>0./%/ H*0 0W.#'(% 01 +% )*0)% /0 "&.01'%).M1

    )%7,0#.1% H*0 #0 0W,%1/.M )"1 +% .1/*#'&.% 7*#.)%+ /0#/0 +"# c\ J%#'% +"# i\E H*0 701)."1Y 01 +%

    ,&.70&% #0)).M1 /0 0#'0 '0W'"@ !% 7%F"& ,%&'0 /0 0#'"# I&*,"# 0#'%-% )"1#'.'*./" ,"& /*0'"#

    >")%+0# /0 >")0# %I*/%# 3)"7G1701'0 01 0+ &0I.#'&" /0 #",&%1"4 H*0 )%1'%-%1 0+ &0,0&'"&."

    '&%/.)."1%+ /0 )*0)%# /0 0#'.+" )J.)"'0%/" 01 +"# &"/0"# " -.01 H*0 ,&%)'.)%-%1 0#0 0#'.+" 01 +"#

    0#,%)."# *&-%1"#E )"7" +" J%)(%1 !%# V"&01.'%#E !%# ? L+.).%#E 0+ =G" V%&(% U1Y#E !%# ;*&0C.'%# "

    ]lL/072# /0 !%# K"&)%X%#E )%-0 /0#'%)%& +"# /.#)"# 0/.'%/"# ,"& d01/%>%+ 3A+ >#"!%"E ?\]\4E /0 0#'.+" 07,%&01'%/" %+

    /0 !%# K"&)%X%# F !%# :%,.'%+.1%#n F +"# /.#)"# ,&"/*)./"# ,"& !%# m"F%# /0+ D%)(R.)" 3*,D.!E ?\]\4 F !%# !*+G /0 D%1)J"[%1)J" 33,-"%!0 C#+%,(!,E ?\\a4 /0 d%+,%&%(#"E '"/"# >.1)*+%/"# /.&0)'% " .1/.&0)'%701'0 )"1 0+ 0#'.+" /0 +"# /"#

    ,&.70&"#@]aN1 )%#" .1'0&0#%1'0 +" )"1#'.'*F0 V%&." 6"5%#E H*.01 ,&","10 *1 >%1I*%&/.#7" &")T0&" F 0+0)'&M1.)" 01 )"1#'%1'0

    /.%+"I" )"1 +% >0&'.01'0 *&-%1% /0 +% )*0)%E /0 +% H*0 Y+ 7.#7" J% ,%&'.).,%/" /0 7"/" .1'01#" /0#/0 #*# .1.)."#@dY%#0 %+ &0#,0)'" 0+ /.#)" F+ a(-,+ $, +# C.,?\\j4@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    28/42

    ?l !"#$% :; %&."# 7"701'"# /0 #* )%7.1"4E H*0 #.I*.0&"1 R.&70701'0 +% 'Y)1.)%

    F R.+"#"R(% /0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% J0&0/%/" /0 +"# >.05"# )*+'"&0#E )"1 H*.010# #0 0/*)%&"1@

    `.1%+701'0E *1 0+0701'" /0).#.>" 01 0+ )%7-." ,0&R"&7%'.>" /0 +% )*0)% R0701.1% R*0 0+

    )%7-." 01 0+ +)KL.' 3' 2, (GZE H*0 #.I1.R.)M *1% '&%1#R"&7%).M1 /0+ 0#'.+" /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%@=0-./" % H*0 0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% 0# 0+ 0+0701'" .1'0&,&0'%'.>" R*1/%701'%+ /0+ 0#'.+" )J.+010&"E +%

    7%F"& ,%&'0 /0 +"# I&*,"# R0701.1"# >.1)*+%/"# )"1 0#'% '&%/.).M1 '*>" H*0 /.#)0&1.& 0+ '.," /0

    .7,"#'%).M1 H*0 J%&(% ,%&% *-.)% /01'&" " R*0&% /0 0#'0 IY10&"E R%>"&0).01/" +% '"7% /0

    )"1).01).% #"-&0 0+ 0#'.+" /0+ I&*,"@ L+I*1"# /0 +"# I&*,"# /0 >%&"10#E /0 J0)J"E 7%1'*>.0&"1

    ).0&'% &0#.#'01).% % H*0 +%# 7*50&0# %/",'%&%1 0#'0 '.," /0 )%1'" ,*0# I010&%-% *1 &0#*+'%/"

    /.#'.1'" %+ H*0 .1/.)%-% +% '&%/.).M1@ B+ )%#" /0 !%# 9.C%# 0# 0#,0).%+701'0 .1'0&0#%1'0 % 0#'0

    &0#,0)'"P

    B+ 5*.)." 0# % H*0 1" J%F 7*50&0# H*0 )%1'01 +% )*0)% -&%>% )"7" 1"#"'&"# +% )%1'%7"#@ B#% )*0)% 0# /0J"7-&0# F 1"#"'&"#E 01 0+ R"1/"E *1 ,")" >.Y1/"+" )"7" /0#/0 +% )&('.)% 10I%'.>%E 1"# 70'.7"# %J(@`*.7"#E .1'&*#0%7"# 01 0#" F 1"# I*#'M@ S &0,&0#01'%7"# /0#/0 +%# 7*50&0# 0#% #.'*%).M1 H*0 1" 0W.#'(%%1'0# p01R%'.X%qE H*0 1" 0# +" H*0 .1/.)% +% '&%/.).M1 p01R%'.X%q@

    D%70+% /0+ :%1'"E !%# 9.C%# l8r8?\]\

    !%# )%1'"&%# %1'.I*%# 1" .7,"#'%-%1 +% >"X )"7" +"# )J.)"#E 01'"1)0# 1"#"'&%# 1"# 70'.7"# 01 0#0)(&)*+"E H*0 0&% -%#'%1'0 )0&&%/" 01 0#0 '.07,"@ s"F F% p01q 0+ )(&)*+" 1" J%F '%1'%# '&%-%# ,0&" 01 0#0

    '.07," 0&%1 J%&'%# +%# '&%-%# " )"7" 7.&21/"'0 %#( )"7" p/.).01/"q _H*Y 0#'21 J%).01/" 0#'%# )%-&%#)%1'%1/"Z@

    L1/&0% :Y#,0/0#E 01'&0>.#'% I&*,%+ % !%# 9.C%#E l8r8?\]\

    ;. -.01 0#'% '01#.M1 #0 ,&"/*5" ,"& &%X"10# 'Y)1.)%# h0+ )%7-." '(7-&.)" F /0 %+'*&%

    ,&">")%/" ,"& 0+ &0I.#'&" /0 +% >"X R0701.1%8 '%7-.Y1 0# ).0&'" H*0 ")*&&.M ,"& *1 )"1)0,'"

    I010&.X%/" /0 '&%/.).M1 H*0 '01(%1 F %G1 '.0101 7*)J"# /0 +"# >%&"10# /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 3H*0

    )"7,&01/0 +% '&%/.).M1 )"7" %H*0++"# )"1").7.01'"#E )&001).%# FO" ,&2)'.)%# :#/&.+%(#/

    ?\dY%#0 ,"& 0507,+" +% 0W,+.)%).M1 /0 +% )%&2'*+% /0+ /.#)" /0 !%# :"1#01'./%# /0 ]ail F/!#/ /0( O#/ C0(/,(!%$#/36:L

    d()'"&E :V!8?ik]8rE !"1I D+%FE :J.+04@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    29/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ ?a

    '&%1#R0&./"# /0 *1% I010&%).M1 % "'&%4@ LJ"&% -.01E 0#'" 1" H*.0&0 /0).& H*0 #0 10I%&% +% ,&0#01).%

    R0701.1% 01 +"# +*I%&0# /0 )*0)% #.1" H*0 #0 &0#.#'.M 0+ )%7-." /0 0#'.+"@ :"7" #0C%+% L1/&0%

    :Y#,0/0#E 7*)J%# /0 0#'%# /.R0&01).%# #0 J%1 ./" -"&&%1/" )"1 0+ ,%#" /0+ '.07,"E ,0&" +%#

    '01#."10# I010&%/%# ,"& 0#'0 ,&")0#" #"1 *1 '0#'.7"1." H*0 #.&>0 ,%&% "-#0&>%& )M7" 0+ IY10&"

    0# *1% /0 +%# >%&.%-+0# H*0 /." /.1%7.#7" % +"# )%7-."# /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%@

    =0#/0 *1 ,*1'" /0 >.#'% 7*#.)%+E )"1 +% ++0I%/% /0 +"# I&*,"# R0701.1"# 0+ '.," /0 '.7-&0

    /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% #0 J.X" 72# )"+"&./"E -&.++%1'0 F %I*/"E %/H*.&.01/" *1% '0W'*&% 701"# I&*0#%E

    *1 >"+*701 %+I" 72# +0>0 F *1% '01/01).% )&0).01'0 % #*%>.X%& +% 07.#.M1 >")%+ /0 +"# &0#"1%/"&0#

    1%#%+0# ,%&% R%>"&0)0& +% >"X 1%'*&%+@ L#(E +% /.)).M1 /0 +%# )*0)%# #0 J.X" 701"# 0#'&.)'% F 0+ R&%#0"

    /0+ )%1'" I%1M +.-0&'%/E )"1>.&'.01/" 0+ )%1'" R0701.1" /0 +% )*0)% )J.+010&% 01 *1 _#"1./"Z,%&'.)*+%&E 0# /0).&E 01 *1 0+0701'" /.#'.1'.>" /0 +% 0#)01% 7*#.)%+E 01 *1 )M/.I" )%,%X /0 #0& +0(/"

    ,"& +%# %*/.01).%# /0 +% )*0)%@ B1 0#'0 #01'./"E )"7" #0C%+%1 K%II 3]aa\4 F ;J0,J0&/ 3]aa]4E J%F

    ).0&'%# 0#'&*)'*&%#E #"1./"# F '.,"# /0 &0I.#'&" >")%+ ,*0/01 #0& /0)"/.R.)%/"# )"7" 7%#)*+.1"# "

    R0701.1"# #0IG1 0+ )"1'0W'" 01 0+ H*0 #"1 +0(/"# ,"& %H*0++"# H*0 0#'21 R%7.+.%&.X%/"# )"1 0#%#

    )"1>01)."10#E )"7" 0# Y#'0 0+ )%#"@

    B1 0+ )%#" /0 !%# :%,.'%+.1%# F !%# 9.C%# 0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% R*0 &0R"&7*+%1/" ,%&%

    &0#.I1.R.)% 01 R%>"& /0 *1 0#'.+" ,&",."@ ;. -.01 !%# :%,.'%+.1%# %-%1/"1%&"1 ,"& )"7,+0'" 0#'0

    '.," /0 )%1'" h1" !%# 9.C%#8 +% &0R0&01).% 7%#)*+.1% 01 #* '&%-%5" 1" H*0/M /0+ '"/" -"&&%/% #.1"

    &0#07%1'.X%/%E J%).01/" &0R0&01).% % +%# ./0%# /0 J"7-&0O7*50& )"7" *1 -.1"7." 1" *1(>")" 01

    #*# +0'&%# F /.#)*"# #"-&0 +% )*0)%@ !% %-#"&).M1 /0 +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 7%#)*+.1%E ,"& '%1'"E #.&>.M

    /0 R%)'"& /0 )%7-." ,%&% %7-"# I&*,"#@

    B1 0+ )%#" /0 !%# :%,.'%+.1%# 0+ )%7-." 01 0+ *#" /0 +%# >")0# 1" %R0)'M #* %*'"/0R.1.).M1

    )"7" I&*," _*&-%1"Z@ :"7" /.)0 t%&01 L+R%&"E 0+ J0)J" /0 H*0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 7%#)*+.1% -*#)%&%

    )%1'%& %+ +(7.'0 /0+ &0I.#'&" )"1 *1% >"X 01 )"1#'%1'0 I&.'" +0# J.X" &0R+0W."1%& %)0&)% /0 +%

    10)0#./%/ /0 %/%,'%& 0#'0 I&.'" % #*# >")0#E +" H*0 % +% +%&I% +%# %&&%#'&M % J%)0& "'&"# )%7-."#

    0#'.+(#'.)"#P

    !% >"X ,.'G% H*0 'G 701)."1%# #.07,&0 R*0 *1 &0H*.#.'" 01 +% )*0)% *&-%1%@ D0&" '%7-.Y1 &0)"&/07"#H*0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% 01 *1 ,&.1).,." 0&% )%1'%/% ,"& J"7-&0#E 01'"1)0# *1% >"X ,.'G% 01 *1 &0I.#'&" /0J"7-&0 /% +" 7.#7"@ {D0&" H*Y ,%#% )*%1/" 'G '"7%# 0#'0 &0)*" F +" %/5*1'%# % *1% >"X /0 7*50&|.%701'0 0# 7*F 0#'&./01'0 ,%&% 0+ "(/"E F ,"& 0#" R*0E ,"& *1% )"#% 0#'Y'.)% 72# H*0 1%/%E ,0&" 1"#01'.7"# H*0 pfq 0# 701"# )*0)% *&-%1%@

    t%&01 L+R%&"E 7.07-&" /0 !%# :%,.'%+.1%#E ]\8Ur8?\\l

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    30/42

    c\ !"#$% :; %701'0 /01'&" /0+

    )%7," /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%E 0++%# %)"7"/%&"1 0+ )%1'" I&.'%/" /0 +% '&%/.).M1 "&%+ 7%#)*+.1% % #*

    &0%+./%/ R0701.1%E %(!"0$.&%,($0 #/1,&!0/ $, /. 1"01%# 1,"Q0":#(&, &0:0 1#"!, $, +# $,Q%(%&%'(

    $,+ ,/!%+0@ :"1 '%+0# )%7-."# +% )*0)% *&-%1% _R*#."1%/%Z ,*/" #0I*.& #.01/" )"1#./0&%/% )*0)%

    *&-%1% #.1 I010&%& )"1'&%/.))."10#@

    B1 0+ )%#" /0+ I&*," !%# 9.C%# 0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/% #0 7%1'*>" )"7" 050 /0 #* %)'.>./%/

    ,0&" '0&7.1M '%7-.Y1 #.01/" %,&",.%/" F &0#.I1.R.)%/"@ ;. -.01 #0 7%1'*>.0&"1 R.0+0# %+ )%1'"

    '&%/.)."1%+ 7%#)*+.1" .7,"#'%1/" e)"7" +" J%)(%1 +"# I&%1/0# )*0H*0&"# /0 %1'%C"gE

    .1'&"/*50&"1 ,0H*0C"# )%7-."# H*0 ,0&7.'.0&"1 %/%,'%& #* ,&",.% R"&7% /0 J%)0& +% )*0)%@ B1'&0

    0#'"# )%7-."# 0#'*>.0&"1 *1% /.#7.1*).M1 /0+ >"+*701 3,&">")%/% ,"& 0+ )%1'" 01 &*0/% /0 '&("E)"7" R.I*&% 01 #* /.#)" /0 ?\]\4E *1% &0/*)).M1 /0+ I"&I"&0" 3>.-&%'"4E *1 )%7-." /0 +%#

    '"1%+./%/0# F +% -G#H*0/% /0 *1% >"X 72# _1%'*&%+Z@ B#'0 G+'.7" %#,0)'" R*0 0#,0).%+701'0

    .7,"&'%1'0 01 +% 70/./% 01 H*0 +0# /." *1 )"+"& ,%&'.)*+%& F *1 #0++" ,&",."P

    B1 +%# ,&.70&%# ,&0#01'%)."10# /0 !%# 9.C%# pfq +% .7,"#'%).M1 0&% #G,0& 7%&)%/%E )"7" H*.X2# _1"1%'*&%+ZE )%)J%.@ S )"1 0+ '.07," )%/% *1" J% 01)"1'&%/" #* R"&7% /0 )%1'%&@ S F% '0 #01'( )"7" 01 "'&"0#'%/"E 1" 01 0+ 0#'%/" /0 10&>."#.#7" /0 _)M7" >% % #%+.& 0#'"Z #.1" H*0 01 0+ 0#'%/" /0 _>%7"# ,%/0+%1'0Z@ B1'"1)0# F" )&0" H*0 J% ./" 705"&%1/" 0+ '07% /0 p+%q .7,"#'%).M1@ S 1" #M+" 0#"E #.1" H*0

    '%7-.Y1 )"7" 0+ 0#'.+" /0 !%# 9.C%#@

    L1/&0% :Y#,0/0#E 01'&0>.#'% I&*,%+ % !%# 9.C%#E l8r8?\]\

    L*1H*0 +% >0+")./%/ /0 +"# )%7-."# .1'&"/*)./"# 01 +%# >")0# /0 !%# 9.C%# 0# /.#'.1'% % +%

    .7,+0701'%/% ,"& !%# :%,.'%+.1%#E %7-%# &0,&0#01'%1 ,"#'*&%# &0>.#."1.#'%# /0+ )%1'" % +% &*0/%

    7%#)*+.1" )"7" 050 /0 +% >")%+./%/ /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1%@ !% '01#.M1 H*0 J% I010&%/" 0#'0

    &0>.#."1.#7" h01 +% R"&7% /0 01'01/0& 0+ )%1'" F /0 )%1'%&8 J% ,0&7.'./" J%)0& >.#.-+0 +%

    0W.#'01).% /0 *1% /"7.1%).M1 7%#)*+.1% #.7.+%& % +% H*0 >.7"# %+ &0>.#%& +"# /.#)*"# /0 ,&.70&%7.'%/ /0+ #.I+" rr 01 +"# '0W'"# /0 )*0)%@ ;.1 07-%&I"E +% 1*0>% ,0&R"&7%1)0 /0 +"# I&*,"# J%

    %F*/%/" % I010&%& )"1).01).% %)0&)% /0 +% 10)0#./%/ /0 7%F"& /.>0./%/ F ,%&'.).,%).M1 /0 +%

    7*50& 01 +% 0#)01% 7*#.)%+E )*0#'.M1 H*0 01 0R0)'" J% ")*&&./"

    L= D2 ,.`1'+)FG 3' 2, K1f'. 3' L1.3'2 P '2 01'.FG

    N1 #0I*1/" %#,0)'" H*0 J% >01./" % '01#."1%& +% ,"#.).M1 /0+ )%1'" 7%#)*+.1" )"7" G1.)"

    J0&0/0&" +0I('.7" /0 +% '&%/.).M1 )J.+010&%E J% #./" +% %,%&.).M1 /0 *1 1*0>" %&H*0'.," #").%+P +%

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    31/42

    N%(#/? #""0-#(!,/ < $%&;#"#&;,"#/ c]

    7*50& /0 -*&/0+E ,0"1%50 H*0 #.1'0'.X% +"# %#,0)'"# &0+%'.>"# %+ )*0&," F +% ,0&R"&7%1)0 /01'&"

    /0 +% )*0)% *&-%1% R0701.1%@

    B#'% 7*50& /0 -*&/0+E '%7-.Y1 ++%7%/% _7*50& /0 +% 1")J0Z " ,&"#'.'*'%E R*0 +% 7*50& /0 +%#

    :%#%# /0 607"+.01/% H*0 I"-0&1M +"# 0#,%)."# 1")'*&1"# /0 +% -"J07.% #%1'.%I*.1% %+ 701"#

    /0#/0 +"# %C"# k\ J%#'% 0+ %C" ]ajcE )*%1/" #0 .1#'%+M +% /.)'%/*&% 7.+.'%& /0 D.1")J0'@ !% 7*50&

    /0 +% 1")J0 0# ,&0#01'%/% ,"& +"# ,&",."# )*+'"&0# )"7" *1% RY7.1% /0 '07,+0 )*&'./" +"

    #*R.).01'0701'0 0W,0&.701'%/% F &0#,0'%/% ,%&% %/7.1.#'&%& 0+ %7-.01'0 /0 +%# )%#%# /0 5*0&I%@

    :"7" &0X%1 +%# /"# )*0)%# ).'%/%# %+ )"7.01X" /0 0#'0 '0W'"E #* .7%I01 &0,&0#01'% +%

    07%1).,%).M1E #"-0&%1(% F +.-0&'%/ /0 +% :.4," :#+# F1,$0"#H*0 %-%1/"1% #* 6%$# =., ,/!R

    1,"$%$#E ,%&% /%& *1 I.&" F $#"+, -./!0 #+ &.,"10/0 7"/" /0 (0 $,4#" 1#/#" +# /.,"!, F /#+%" # +#6%6%" +# 6%$#@ L >0)0# .7%I.1%/% % >0)0# &0%+E 0#'% 7*50& /0 -*&/0+ ,0"1.R.)% 0+ ()"1" /0 *1%

    7*50& %*'M1"7% H*0 #*&I0 /0#/0 +% 707"&.% 7.#7% /0 +"# )*+'"&0# ,%&% &001)%&1% 01 +% 7*50&

    *&-%1% H*0 -*#)% #0& +% _&0.1% /0+ 5"+I"&."E '07./% )"7" 0+ /07"1."Z?]@

    :"7" 7*0#'&%1 +%# 707"&.%# F '0#'.7"1."# "&%+0#E 01 +%# :%#%# /0 [%#'%& +% )*0)% %/H*.&(%

    &.-0'0# /.#'.1'"# % +"# H*0 '01(% +% )*0)% )%7,0#.1% /0 7%#%# ,*0# #0 J%)(% )"1 "'&"# .1#'&*701'"#

    3,.%1" F -%'0&(%4E #0 )%1'%-% 01 I&*,"# .1R"&7%+0# 301 7*)J"# )%#"# +"'0# /0 )%1'"&0#4E #0

    /0#%&&"++%-% 01 +%,#"# /0 '.07," 72# +%&I"# 3++0>%/% % >0)0# ,"& 0+ .1R+*5" /0+ %+)"J"+ F +% R.0#'%

    1")'*&1%4 FE ,%&'.)*+%&701'0E #0 J%)(% 01 %7-.01'0# ,",*+%&0# /"1/0 .7,0&%-% +% ,&0#01).%

    7%#)*+.1% &0,&0#01'%/% ,"& 0+ %&H*0'.," /0+ "0!0 &;%+,(0@

    B+ &"'" )J.+01" #0 )"1)0-(% 01'"1)0# )"7" 0+ %&H*0'.," /0+ J"7-&0 %-10I%/" F %I*0&&./"

    H*0 &0,&0#01'%-% +% )J.+01./%/ ,",*+%& /0 +% &%X% 70#'.X%@ ;* R.I*&% 0&% #.1M1.7" /0 #%)&.R.)."E

    +0%+'%/ F &*/0X% ,0&" %+ 7.#7" '.07," /0 .1I01."E ,.)%&/(%E %*/%).% F I&%1 #01'./" /0+ J*7"&

    3[*'.Y&&0X ?\]\4@ B1 ,")%# ,%+%-&%#E 0+ &"'" 0&% )"1#./0&%/" e0+ /0,"#.'%&." /0+ '07,+0 1%)."1%+g

    301 K"&&0# ?\\]P ?A4@ D0&" 5*1'" )"1 0#'%# )*%+./%/0# 0+ &"'" 0&% '%7-.Y1 *1 >%&M1E *1 J"7-&0

    ).&)*1#,0)'"E %1M1.7" F ,&"+0'%&." )*F"# J2-.'"# #0 )"1#./0&%-%1 % >0)0# )"1'&%&."# % +% ).>.+./%/@

    B&% 0+ #*50'" #").%+ H*0 &0,&0#01'% %+ ,*0-+" F ,%&'.)*+%&701'0 % +"# ,0"10# " #0)'"&0# 7%&I.1%+0#

    /0+ ,%(# 01 +"# H*0 +% )"1/.).M1 /0 7%#)*+.1./%/ 0&% /0'0&7.1%1'0@ B+ J"7-&0 H*0 R&0)*01'%-% % +%

    7*50& /0 ,&"#'(-*+" F )%1'%-% 01 0#%# )%#%# /0 '%7-" 0&%E +% 7%F"& /0 +%# >0)0#E 0+ 7.#7" &"'"

    )J.+01"@ :"7" )%1'%1 %+I*1%# )*0)%#??P

    ?]=Y).7% .1'&"/*)'"&.% /0+ /.#)"A+ C0:1R/ $,+ bcdE /0 =%1.0+ V*C"XE `Y+.W !+%1)%R.+ F cWj d0.1'.*1% 3?\\a4E ,.#'% ]i@

    ??B#'%# /"# )*0)%# R"&7%1 ,%&'0 /0+ )%1)."10&" .1)+*./" 01 :+%&" ,! #+E 3]aakP ?]kE ???4 )"1 +% 1*70&%).M1 ?lj 3!%#

    9.C%# /0 +% )%++0 =*%&'04 F lla 3=M1/0 %,&01/.#'0 % )%1'%&4@

  • 7/25/2019 Finas, arrogantes y dicharacheras. Representaciones de gnero en la performance de los grupos femeninos de cu

    32/42

    c? !"#$% :; 0(% )"7" #(1'0#.# /0+

    70#'.X%50 &%).%+ /0 +% )*+'*&% )J.+01%

    ?c

    @ !% .7,"&'%1).% /0 0#'0 ,0"1%50 01 +% )*0)% 70&0)0 #.1/*/% %+I*1% *1 0#'*/." /0'%++%/" H*0 +%701'%-+0701'0 01 0#'0 0#,%)." 1" %+)%1X" % "R&0)0&@ ;.1

    07-%&I"E -%#'0 &0)"1")0& ,"& %J"&% H*0 #* R.I*&% J% #./" )01'&%+ 01 +% &0)*,0&%).M1 /0 +% )*0)%

    *&-%1% )J.+01% 1" #M+" ,"& #* .7,"&'%1).% #")."+MI.)% #.1" '%7-.Y1 ,"& +"# >%+"&0# /0 /.I1./%/E

    #"-&.0/%/ F )%&2)'0& R0#'.>" H*0 "R&0)0E H*0 J%1 #0&>./" ,%&% 1*'&.& /.#)*"# 0 .72I010# % +"#

    %)'*%+0# )"15*1'"# /0 >%&"10#@

    d"+>.01/" % +% 7*50& /0+ -*&/0+E 0# ,"#.-+0 /0).& H*0 +% ./0% /0 +" R0701.1" )"1'01./" 01

    0++% 8%'%>.%/% /0 0+0I%1'0# >0#'./"# F )"+"&0# &"5.X"#8 0# +% H*0 R*0 %-#"&-./% ,"& +"# I&*,"# /0

    7*50&0# /0+ G+'.7" +*#'&" ,%&% &0,&0#01'%& +" R0701.1" 07%1).,%/"P +% 7*50& %)'.>% F 1" ,%#.>%E +%

    7*50& #*50'" F 1" "-50'"E +% 7*50& )%1'%1'0 F 1" #M+" -%.+%&.1%E +% 7*50& )"7,"#.'"&% F 1" #M+"

    I*.'%&&.#'%E +% 7*50& '%+01'"#% F #01#*%+@ B1 0#'0 #01'./"E 0#'0 ,&"'"'.," /0 7*50& #0 )"1>.&'.M 01

    *1 #(7-"+" /0 ,"/0& *'.+.X%/" ,"& +%# )*0H*0&%# ,%&% 0#)%-*++.& 0+ /"7.1." 7%#)*+.1" 0

    .1/0,01/.X% /0 +% ./0% /0 '&%/.).M1 *1(>")%E &0+%'.>.X%1/" +% 1").M1 1"&7%'.>% /0+ )%1'" % +%

    &*0/% )"7" ,&2)'.)% 0W)+*#.>%701'0 >%&"1.+E ,%&% )"1>0&'. 0++% 7.#7% 01 %/7.1.#'&%/"&% /0+

    0#,%)." R0#'.>" F &0R0&01'0 0#'Y'.)"@ :"7" /.)01 !%# 9.C%#P

    ?cdY%#0 ,"& 0507,+" 0+ /.#)" C.,/ &0:0 +#/ (!# ,+ "0!0E /0 =%1.0+ V*C"XE `Y+.W !+%1)%R.+ F c