final report v1 - Lučka uprava Dubrovnik · which can greatly reduce the cost of mine clearance...

PROJECT FINAL REPORT

Grant Agreement number: 218148

Project acronym: UNCOSS

Project title: UNDERWATER COASTAL SEA SURVEYOR

Funding Scheme: FP7

Date of latest version of Annex I against which the assessment will be made: 2010/05/21

Period covered: from M0 (01/12/2008) to M44 (31 /07/2012)

Name, title and organisation of the scientific repr esentative of the project's coordinator 1:

Guillaume SANNIE, Coordinator, CEA

Tel: +33 (0)1 69 08 51 88

Fax: +33 (0)1 69 08 60 30

E-mail: [email protected]

Public website 2 address: http://www.uncoss-project.org

Partners Website: https://partners.uncoss-project.o rg

1 Usually the contact person of the coordinator as specified in Art. 8.1. of the grant agreement 2 The home page of the website should contain the generic European flag and the FP7 logo which are available in electronic format at the Europa website (logo of the European flag: http://europa.eu/abc/symbols/emblem/index_en.htm ; logo of the 7th FP: http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/index_en.cfm?pg=logos). The area of activity of the project should also be mentioned.

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Table of contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS .....................................................................................................................................................2

1. ................................................................................................................................................................................ 3

1. FINAL PUBLISHABLE SUMMARY REPORT .................................................................................................................. 3

1.1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................................ 3

1.2. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE ......................................................................... 4

1.3. DESCRIPTION OF THE MAIN S&T RESULTS / FOREGROUNDS ................................................................................ 8

1.3.1. THE MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES ....................................................................................................................... 8

1.3.2. SIMULATION AND PREVIOUS RESULT .................................................................................................................. 9

1.3.3. DESIGN ............................................................................................................................................................. 11

1.3.4. CARRIED OUT ................................................................................................................................................... 13

1.3.5. INTEGRATION ................................................................................................................................................... 15

1.3.6. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENTS.............................................................................................................................. 16

1.3.7. TESTING IN THE LABORATORY .......................................................................................................................... 19

1.3.8. TESTING ON FIELD ............................................................................................................................................ 20

1.3.9. MEASUREMENTS RESULTS ................................................................................................................................ 21

1.3.10. CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................................... 27

1.4. THE POTENTIAL IMPACT ................................................................................................................................... 28

1.5. THE ADDRESS OF THE PROJECT PUBLIC WEBSITE, IF APPLICABLE AS WELL AS RELEVANT CONTACT DETAILS. .. 29

1.6. PARTNERS WEB ADDRESS ................................................................................................................................. 30

2. USE AND DISSEMINATION OF FOREGROUND ........................................................................................................... 31

3. REPORT ON SOCIETAL IMPLICATIONS .................................................................................................................... 39

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1. Final publishable summary report

1.1. Executive summary The goal is checking potential threats in objects lying on the seafloor. State of the art mine clearance systems cannot detect if an explosive charge is still present in the UXO or in the suspicious object. The UNCOSS system provides this essential information which can greatly reduce the cost of mine clearance operations. The main objective of UNCOSS project was to provide tools for the non-destructive inspection of underwater objects mainly based on a neutron generator and gamma sensor. This technology had already been experimented for cargo container inspections in the frame of the FP6 Euritrack project. Its application to underwater protection is a major achievement of the FP7 UNCOSS project. A compact neutron sensor has been fully developed and tested by CEA, IRB and ACT with the most recent and performing detector technology, as well as a new numerical electronics, data acquisition and data processing system specifically developed for UNCOSS. A dedicated ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle) has been entirely designed, manufactured, and tested by ACT and IRB, to carry the neutron generator and gamma sensor onto the UXO (Unexploded Ordnance) of interest lying on the seafloor. The ROV is equipped with positioning sensors to navigate from the wide distance and to approach the UXO, then to land above the UXO with a cm precision and stand still during the measurement time, above the UXO. A dedicated GPR ROV has also been designed, manufactured, and tested by IPS and JSI, in view to carry GPR and magnetic sensors onto the UXO of interest lying on the seafloor. This second ROV is designed with low metallic content in order to optimize the performance of the sensors. Its range depends on the salt content of the water and varies from several centimetres in very salty water to several meters in freshwater. The UNCOSS underwater neutron inspection system was finally operated in a field demonstration in the vicinity of Punat Seaport, Krk Island, Croatia, showing its capability to distinguish explosive surrogates from sediments in metallic objects lying on the seafloor in 10 min measurements (see UNCOSS D6.1 Part A report). On the other hand, demonstration with the low metallic content GPR ROV was performed on Slovenian coasts of Adriatic Sea, showing that the GPR can detect metallic objects potentially buried in the seabed (see UNCOSS D6.1 Part B report).

UNCOSS is fully relevant considering the work program and addresses the following topics: detection of dangerous materials (especially IED) and surveillance in wide maritime areas. Many end-users are definitively interested in the UNCOSS result, among them Port Authorities located in Adriatic and Danube River areas (including three partners of the project) as well as national and multinational institutions in charge of maritime security.

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1.2. Summary description of project context and objective The main objective of UNCOSS project is to provide tools for the non-destructive inspection of underwater objects mainly based on neutron generator and gamma sensor. This depends on the capability of integration of the neutron inspection technology in an underwater ROV. This topic includes the high level of compactness of the neutron sensor components, its power autonomy and electromagnetic compatibility with the ROV and other sensors, the high specificity of the ROV to comply with neutron inspection requirements, especially fine positioning and stability with respect to explosive charge, safety aspects (radiation protection), friendly use and operation of both the neutron sensor and ROV, and reliability of the whole system. The summary of the project is presented in the Euronews short report below. Euronews report:

Protecting maritime and land borders is a daily challenge for Europe. Researchers have been examining how to use lasers, gamma rays and neutron beams to address that challenge. Some very unusual research tools have been arriving in a picturesque port along the Croatian coast.

“This is an airplane bomb. And there is a variety of different bombs like this along the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, the Baltic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean,” explained nuclear physicist Vladivoj Valković. They are in fact fake bombs and present no real risk, even if they contain everything needed to make dynamite. “Hydrogen, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen. TNT has only these four elements. So it is easy to make a simulated bomb preserving the proportion of these four elements,” said Valković. The dummy bombs are being used to test a submarine able to identify underwater explosives.

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The prototype has been designed by scientists at a European Union research project aimed at improving security near Europe’s key maritime infrastructures and along sea routes.

“If there are reports of an unidentified object lying on the sea floor, or being attached to a bridge or any other maritime infrastructural element, you can send our surveyor. It will approach the object, position itself, do the measurements, report the results to the mother ship and then move away. The results of the inspection will be the identification of the chemical composition of the material inside,” concluded Valković. The prototype is being given a real-life test along the Adriatic coast. The fake bomb is carefully posed on the sandy sea floor, some 10 metres underwater. The robot is placed over it. It then starts emitting neutron beams that will help to see inside the device. “Neutrons are able to penetrate materials and find out what they are made from. They collide with the material inside the bomb, and the collision produces gamma rays. We’ve developed an electronic detector that allows us to collect a concentrated data stream from a high-power neutron bombardment,” explained UNCOSS project director Guillaume Sannie. Special software transforms these gamma rays into a graphic readout so researchers can determine the type and quantity of elements inside the bomb. Analysing the readout physicist Cyrille Eleon told euronews: “We can see a peak here; that’s the carbon. The second peak indicates the presence of oxygen, and the software tells us the relationship between these two readings. If it reveals a potentially volatile ratio, like here, the system has identified that the object we are examining contains explosives.”

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After a conclusive first test, the fake bomb is recovered and the submarine is safely towed back for some maintenance. Further tests will help to enhance its underwater mobility and data-acquisition accuracy. Electromagnetic sensors for the underwater detection of metallic objects have also been developed and tested, especially with ground penetrating radar (GPR) for the detection of buried objects, continuous wave electromagnetic induction sensor (CWEMS) and magnetometers. To carry this equipment on deep water close to the target, a second ROV with low magnetic content was designed and built. The final demonstration tests of the electromagnetic sensors of the UNCOSS project were performed in Portorož, Slovenia, with a depth up to 10 meters. The second UNCOSS ROV with low magnetic content was navigating above several metallic and nonmetallic measurement objects including parts of typical underwater explosive objects as shown in the figure below.

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Detection of ferrous objects of different orientation by CWEMS.

GPR detection of a metallic object (artillery shell from World War I)

3D profiling of seabed (upper) and magnetometer response

at a distance of 120 cm from the metal object (lower)

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1.3. Description of the main S&T results / foregrounds In this report we describe the use of the neutron-based explosive detector composed of the Russian made ING-27 neutron generator with 3x3 pixels associated alpha particle detector, a 3”x3”LaBr3(Ce) gamma detector, and the data acquisition electronics (DAQ) specifically developed for the UNCOSS project. To carry these equipment on deep water close to the bomb target a ROV (Remote Operated Vehicle) is design and built for this purpose. The use of electromagnetic sensors for the underwater detection is also reported, including ground penetrating radar (GPR), continuous wave electromagnetic induction sensor (CWEMS) and magnetometers. To carry this equipment on deep water close to the target a second ROV (Remote Operated Vehicle) with low magnetic content was design and built.

1.3.1. The measurement techniques The measurement principle can be resumed by the drawing below for the neutron sensor. Neutron generator (blue shape) produces a neutron (n) in the inspected voxel. The gamma ray (γ) is detected by an inorganic LaBr3(Ce) scintillator (gamma detector). After a few minute measurements, a gamma-ray spectrum allows after spectrum analysis to determine the composition ratio of C, O, N, Iron, etc.

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The measurement principle for GPR is presented in the drawing below.

Figure: GPR measurement principle.

The measurement principle for CWEMS is presented in the drawing below.

Figure: CWEMS measurement principle.

1.3.2. Simulation and previous result

In order to evaluate in real condition the performance of the UNCOSS neutron-based explosive detection system, a demonstration field test in Adriatic Sea will be realized with a calibre 150 mm projectile with a mass of 7 kg TNT (C7H5N3O6). This is the so-called “UNCOSS success case”. The UNCOSS system must be able to identify the presence of explosive during a 10 minute measurement with the neutron sensor. The numerical performance assessment has been performed with MCNP calculations with numerical models and methods validated by experiment. In addition, the data processing developed in the frame of WP3 task 7 (see further) has been implemented in the MODAR

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software and used to quantitatively assess the performances for this reference case. The unfolding of the LaBr3(Ce) gamma-ray spectra into elementary contributions (C,N,O, Fe..) has been realized by using a library of pure elemental spectra and a least square algorithm. The numerical method to build the library of the pure elemental spectra has already been validated by qualitative and quantitative comparison with experimental results (see WP3 task 6). It was also necessary to determine correction factors to convert the unfolded O/C and N/C count fractions into chemical proportions, which are required for explosive identification. The correction factors have been calculated for the 3”×3” LaBr3(Ce) detector by a Monte Carlo numerical method and in different cases: pure TNT thick target, TNT thick target surrounded by 5 cm of water, TNT thick target surrounded by 2 cm of iron. The tagged neutron beam is oriented with an angle of 45 degrees toward the inspected object.

Concerning UNCOSS electromagnetic sensors, in order to evaluate the performance in real condition a demonstration field test in Adriatic Sea was designed featuring various magnetic and nonmagnetic objects and parts of common explosive related objects on the seabed.

Before starting the underwater applications, we tested these sensors in the dry applications. Typical results of these tests in the dry are shown in the figures below.

Typical results of tested GPR electromagnetic sensors in the dry conditions.

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We also performed calculations and numerical simulations, which demonstrated that the range for the GPR sensor would decrease significantly underwater and even more in the salt water. For the CWEMS sensor and the magnetometers our calculations predicted for the underwater applications similar range than for the dry applications.

1.3.3. Design

Parameters essential for the performance of UNCOSS-ROV have been determined, afterwards used in design, subsequent construction and application protocol. The design of the neutron sensor has also been completed and laboratory tests of its components (neutron generator, gamma detector, embedded electronics, data acquisition and analysis software) have been conducted by IRB/CEA/ACT team in view of its integration. The specificity of equipment force engineers to develop the equipment witch is no available on the market. DAQ electronics boards are integrated in mechanical water proof pieces. Neutron generator is mounted on a rotation motor to adjusted beam angle by remote control. ROV’s shape is designed with all propellers and to insure the electrical autonomy with Lion battery set up.

Integration design of the neutron generator and gamma detector inside the underwater ROV. All the neutron system was integrated inside the ROV made of a carbon fiber frame. The ROV also includes a titanium window in order to avoid interaction between the tagged neutron beam and the ROV carbon, because carbon is a key element for explosive detection. To reduce background a 30 cm detector shielding made of iron is placed. As far as electromagnetic sensors, we first determined essential parameters for the performance of the second UNCOSS-ROV, which were used in design and construction. The design of all three sensors has been optimized for the application in the second UNCOSS-ROV. Components have first been tested in the laboratory environment, and then mounted on the second UNCOSS-ROV for the sea worthiness test. The detailed design is shown in the drawings below.

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Design of the CWEMS sensor internals.

Design of the CWEMS sensor with controll box.

Design of the second UNCOSS-ROV and its sensors.

The ROV was designed with low magnetic content in order to reduce the interferences with the applied electromagnetic sensors. The ROV exhibits flexible design, so that new sensors can be attached to its body. It is also designed to be of neutral mass under the water, and the multipurpose cable for power supply and data communication is also designed to be floating in the water.

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1.3.4. Carried out

Dedicated on board electronics was developed for the neutron sensor and integrated on the mechanical support realised for test and in view to be loaded inside the ROV. Data acquisition and control software were developed as well as a user friendly HMI interface.

A dedicated ROV has been fully developed for the UNCOSS neutron sensor with the following features:

1. Submarine housing

- housing made of composite fiber (outside carrying frame – steel), - rotational support of the neutron generator, - supports for ACCU and electronics modules, - submarine DC motors for x, y and z-axes. x – 2 or 4 motors, y – 2 motors, z – 4

motors (total 8 or 10 motors), - connectors, - outside lights.

2. Electronics and control software

- LCD monitor and control console, - CCD cameras for the control of route and positioning, - lasers for positioning on the object to be investigated with the measurement of

distance, - controls of velocity and rotation of DC motors, - chargers of ACCU and controls of electronics power supplies, - Cable for connection of ROV and control console – 70 meters, - DC/AC converter minimum 1 kW (AC ~ 220V).

3. Hydraulics - Hydraulic legs for fine positioning above the object being investigated.

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The manufacturing of the second UNCOSS ROV for electromagnetic sensors, with a low magnetic content, and the manufacturing of the electromagnetic sensors is shown in the drawings below.

Manufacturing of the second UNCOSS ROV and electromagnetic sensors.

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1.3.5. Integration The on board electronics was successfully integrated inside the neutron sensor ROV and the UNCOSS system was fully tested in the laboratory before field tests.

Water leaks tests after completing the ROV. The integration of the second UNCOSS ROV with low magnetic content and its electromagnetic sensors is shown in the drawings below.

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Integration of the second UNCOSS ROV and its electromagnetic sensors.

1.3.6. Software developments Different software levels associated to the neutron sensor were developed to control the data acquisition electronics and the embedded PC, to build data acquisition files and transfer them to the remote computer (on the surface boat), and finally to perform data analysis. A special attention was paid to HMI interfaces.

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UNCOSS data processing software has been developed to read the binary data file and to convert the output data into time-of-flight and energy spectra corresponding to an interrogated object. It provides all the tools to analyze the time-of-flight and gamma spectra. The unfolding algorithm and the Monte Carlo synthetic spectra method allow to obtain the pure elemental count proportions (especially for C, N, and O) from the measured energy spectra. In addition, these count fractions are converted into C, N and O chemical proportions which are used for explosive detection. The uncertainty on the measured chemical ratios results from statistical and systematic uncertainties, which are combined with a Monte Carlo approach. The data analysis software was tested in the laboratory, during the performance assessment of the neutron sensor, and during field tests with a simplified and robust

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data processing based on the C and O proportion to discriminate explosives from sediments in metallic objects.

Concerning electromagnetic sensors, data acquisition and analysis software, and HMI interface, were developed for the underwater measurements. Software development was divided in two parts:

- Software for the ROV control and navigation - Software for the sensor control, measurements and data exchange

The integrated software for the ROV control and navigation as well as for sensor control, measurements and data exchange is shown in the picture below.

Software for the ROV control and navigation as well as for sensor control, measurements and data exchange.

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1.3.7. Testing in the laboratory The linearity of the neutron sensor data acquisition system was verified by recording the number of counts in the 4.439 MeV carbon peak as a function of neutron emission and by increasing the rate up to the maximum value of 5.8 107 n/s allowed for the ING-27 generator. In addition, we verified that count losses are negligible by placing a fixed 60Co source near the gamma detector and by recording the counts in the 1.33 MeV peak as a function of neutron emission. These tests demonstrate the linearity and stability of the DAQ including electronics, data writing, transfer and filtering.

On the other hand, the good time resolution of the LaBr3(Ce) detector was verified with the UNCOSS data acquisition electronics. The overall resolution allows separating the ~ mm thick iron walls of the neutron generator, which are separated only by a few cm.

Neutron generatorwalls

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The spatial distribution of the tagged neutron beams below the neutron ROV was also characterised in the laboratory : the following figure shows the alpha pixel map corresponding to the counts in the 4.439 MeV carbon peak induced by the different tagged neutron beams in a plan graphite target located 5 cm below the ROV titanium window.

Cou

nts

in 4

.439

MeV

(C

)

X

Y

Titanium plateAxis X=0

2

5

8

1

4

7

3

6

9

50.5 cm

40 cm

LaBr3(Ce)detectorposition

Y

Z axis (cm)

50.5 cm

10 cm

LaBr3(Ce)detectorposition

30 cm

Titanium plate

Carbon map

2

5

84

7

3

6

9

1

1.3.8. Testing on field The final demonstration tests of the UNCOSS neutron sensor were performed in Punat, Croatia, with a depth of 10 meters. The UNCOSS ROV landed above the airplane bomb filled with TNT surrogate and the hydraulic legs allowed positioning the neutron sensor very close to the inspected object.

The final demonstration tests of the electromagnetic sensors of the UNCOSS project were performed in Portorož, Slovenia, with a depth up to 10 meters. The second UNCOSS ROV with low magnetic

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content was navigating above several metallic and nonmetallic measurement objects including parts of typical underwater explosive objects.

1.3.9. Measurements results Field tests performed with the UNCOSS neutron sensor onboard of a dedicated UNCOSS ROV showed that TNT surrogate can be distinguished from sediments inside iron shells with similar shapes as real ammunitions in a 10 min data acquisition period. This has been achieved by using the measured value for C/O ratio and the data of other ROV sensors (magnetometer, cameras, etc.). It was important that the experimental parameters were chosen in such a way that the value of C/O was representative of the material inside the interrogated object. Therefore, tests were first performed with different objects attached to the ROV before the real demonstration to verify the performances with a good positioning. The objects are a ∅ 20 cm airplane bomb and a ∅ 12 cm grenade filled with TNT surrogate, and three identical ∅ 16 cm iron shells filled with TNT surrogate or with local sand. For the cylinders, three repeatability tests are reported, and for the grenade 10 min and 20 min acquisitions were performed.

Preliminary field tests with the objects attached to the ROV: on the left a 16 cm diameter cylinder filled with TNT surrogate or with sand from Punat test site; in the middle a 20 cm calibre airplane

bomb filled with TNT surrogate; on the right a 12 cm grenade also filled with TNT surrogate.

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The table below shows that the C/O ratio evidences the presence of TNT surrogate. The procedure envisaged in a future exploitation of the system is to perform preliminary calibration inspections with local sediment filling iron cylinders similar to the objects to be inspected, so as to determine the sediment vs. explosives discrimination threshold. For instance, in case of Punat sand, data reported below shows that the threshold would be around C/O ~ 0.5.

0.22 ± 0.21406 ± 6691 ± 82Iron cylinder filled with local

sand (10 min) Run n°1

1.51 ± 0.58167 ± 52252 ± 56Iron cylinder filled with TNT

surrogate (10 min) Run n°1





0.96 ± 0.30355 ± 53341 ± 95Grenade (10 min)

1.42 ± 0.21433 ± 45615 ± 66Airplane bomb

(10 min)



1.55 ± 0.29

1.37 ± 0.35

C/O ratios

747 ± 104

259 ± 46

O (6.130 MeV peak counts)

1158 ± 148Grenade (20 min)

354 ± 65Iron cylinder filled with TNT


C (4.439 MeV peak counts)Measurements









0.96 ± 0.30355 ± 53341 ± 95Grenade (10 min)

1.42 ± 0.21433 ± 45615 ± 66Airplane bomb

(10 min)



1.55 ± 0.29

1.37 ± 0.35

C/O ratios

747 ± 104

259 ± 46

O (6.130 MeV peak counts)

1158 ± 148Grenade (20 min)

354 ± 65Iron cylinder filled with TNT


C (4.439 MeV peak counts)Measurements

The real demonstration was performed with the ∅ 20 cm airplane bomb and with the ∅ 12 cm grenade lying on the seafloor, with the ROV positioned above these objects. Results reported in next figures show that the C/O ratio still evidences the presence of TNT surrogate: C/O = 0.944 ± 0.157. Its value is smaller than in the above table for the airplane bomb because the object was not attached to the ROV, leading to a thicker water layer between the ROV and the inspected object and, consequently, to a larger oxygen contribution due to seawater in the gamma spectrum.

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Net peak area C/O ratios measured in seawater in 10 min acquisitions for the ∅ 20 cm airplane bomb

(above) and the ∅ 12 cm grenade (below), both filled with TNT surrogates,.

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The demonstration test results obtained with the electromagnetic sensors and the low magnetic content ROV are reported in the figures below, which clearly evidence the presence of metallic objects.

Detected individual rectangular object, photo (left) and CWEMS image (right).

A photo of a group of aluminium rectangular objects and the CWEMS image

Detection of ferrous spherical objects of different sizes by CWEMS.

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Detection of ferrous spherical object and ferrous tubular object by CWEMS.

Detection of aluminium and ferrous rectangular objects by CWEMS.

Detection of ferrous objects of different orientation by CWEMS.

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GPR detection of a metallic object (artillery shell from World War I)

GPR detection of a metal object in the sea water at a distance of 30 cm

10 cm

20 cm

30 cm

GPR signal peak at different distances from the object

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3D profiling of seabed (upper) and magnetometer response at a distance of 120 cm from the metal object (lower)

1.3.10. Conclusion The demonstrator reached the initial technical objective of the project: to be able to detect an explosive charge in an object lying on the sea bottom in a 10 min measurement. The UNCOSS project has also demonstrated the capability of neutron inspection to check the nature of materials inside containers on the seafloor, as for instance fuel, paint, toxic chemicals, or even chemical warfare. The UNCOSS partners also studied terrestrial applications like the detection of landmines, carbon or pollution in soils, based on the concept of a compact system as the one developed for UNCOSS which can be embedded on a vehicle. Applications for oil or gas drilling with an even more compact neutron generator and gamma sensor were also investigated for borehole instrumented heads.

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1.4. The potential impact

Wartime and terrorist activities, training and munitions testing, dumping and accidents have generated significant munitions contamination in the coastal and inland waters. Although current methods provide information about the existence of the anomaly (for instance, metal objects) in the sea bottom, they fail to identify the nature of the objects. Field experience indicates that often in excess of 90% of objects excavated during the course of munitions clean up are found to be nonhazardous items (false alarms). Maritime safety depends critically on the assurance that the ports and anchorages are inspected for the presence of the objects on the sea floor containing threat materials. The results of the Final Field Test (FFT) have shown that the system developed in the framework of the UNCOSS project can inspect the objects on the sea floor for the presence of threat materials by using alpha particle tagged neutrons from a sealed tube d+t neutron generator to produce characteristic gamma rays within the interogated object. This was possible by construction and fabrication of a special ROV able to position itself above the object to be inspected. In the Report on the FFT we have described the maritime properties of ROV and have shown that the measured gamma spectra for commonly found ammunition charged with TNT explosives are dominated by C, O and Fe peaks enabling the determination of the presence of explosives inside an ammunition shell. Next step should be the use of UNCOSS ROV in the known contaminated area in the Adriatic Sea or elswhere in the Mediterranean. This could be done by:

1. Transporting ROV and experimental container on a special ship which would allow positioning of the container on its edge. This could not be done because of (i) prohibiting cost for ship engagement and (ii) logistic difficulties in involvement of bodies and or organizations which are not partners of the project (maritime police, bomb squads, etc).

2. Construction of special platform (catamaran type with the crane in the midle for lowering UNCOSS ROVs and other sensors into the water. This is a subject of the project proposal described in this white paper.

All the requirements and capabilities were addressed and verified during UNCOSS project but the use of a neutron system in other countries than Croatia must be done in agreement with their radiation protection regulations, which may significantly differ from one country to the other.

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1.5. The address of the project public website, if applicable as well as relevant contact details.

UNCOSS public web site address: http://www.uncoss-project.org

Euronews report on June 2012field test. UNCOSS was broadcast on Euronews from Thursday 31 until Wednesday 6 June 2012

The report was ready from Monday 4 April morning on website, www.euronews.com/futuris; and it should be accessible from the same week on you Tube, Facebook, etc, as well as in many other smaller regional streaming websites. All European public televisions and main private ones will receive the report via an Eurovision exchange. http://www.euronews.com/2012/05/30/robots-on-the-borderline/

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1.6. Partners web address

http://www-list.cea.fr http://www.irb.hr http://www.ijs.si/ijsw/JSI http://www.mps.si http://www.act-doo.hr http://www.portdubrovnik.hr http://www.port-authority-vukovar.hr http://www.lukabar.me 5 EU countries are represented in the consortium (Croatia, France, Montenegro, Slovenia and Sweden). The high-level research objectives of the proposed project require a multi-disciplinary and multicultural approach that could be achieved by the proposed consortium that gathers expertise and knowledge from different disciplines and sectors. More specifically, the consortium is composed of:

• 3 academic partners (Ruder Boskovic Institute, Jozef Stefan Institute, CEA), that contributed to address the technological and scientific challenges of the project as well as in the dissemination phase,

• 3 industrial partners (ECA, ACT, Laseroptronix), which contributed to the research activities to guarantee the exploitation and an efficient internal fall-out of the UNCOSS results,

• 3 end users (Port Authority Dubrovnik, Port Authority Bar, Port Authority of Vukovar), that will provide the consortium with the Adriatic sea experimentation field, on which the UNCOSS platform was tested, contributed to the definition of the users requirements.

Furthermore, project logo, diagrams or photographs illustrating and promoting the work of the project (including videos, etc…), as well as the list of all beneficiaries with the corresponding contact names can be submitted without any restriction.

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2. Use and dissemination of foreground A plan for use and dissemination of foreground (including socio-economic impact and target groups for the results of the research) shall be established at the end of the project. It should, where appropriate, be an update of the initial plan in Annex I for use and dissemination of foreground and be consistent with the report on societal implications on the use and dissemination of foreground (section 4.3 – H).

The plan should consist of:

� Section A This section should describe the dissemination measures, including any scientific publications relating to foreground. Its content will be made available in the public domain thus demonstrating the added-value and positive impact of the project on the European Union. � Section B This section should specify the exploitable foreground and provide the plans for exploitation. All these data can be public or confidential; the report must clearly mark non-publishable (confidential) parts that will be treated as such by the Commission. Information under Section B that is not marked as confidential will be made available in the public domain thus demonstrating the added-value and positive impact of the project on the European Union.

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Section A (public)

This section includes two templates � Template A1: List of all scientific (peer reviewed) publications relating to the foreground of the project. � Template A2: List of all dissemination activities (publications, conferences, workshops, web sites/applications, press releases, flyers,

articles published in the popular press, videos, media briefings, presentations, exhibitions, thesis, interviews, films, TV clips, posters). These tables are cumulative, which means that they should always show all publications and activities from the beginning until after the end of the project. Updates are possible at any time.

TEMPLATE A1: LIST OF SCIENTIFIC (PEER REVIEWED) PUBLICATIONS , STARTING WITH THE MOST IMPORTANT ONES

NO. Title Main author

Title of the periodical or the series

Number, date or

frequency Publisher

Place of publicatio

n

Year of publication

Relevant pages

Permanent

identifiers3 (if

available)

Is/Will open

access4 provided to this

publication?

1 Environmental Security of the Adriatic coastal sea floor

Valkovic V.

Transaction of nuclear science

VOL. 57, NO. 5,

IEEE 2009 p.2724 yes/no

2 Matrix characterization of sea floor in threat material detection processes

Obhodas, J.


VOL. 57, NO. 5

IEEE 2010 p.2724

3 Contamination of the coastal sea sediments by heavy metals

Obhodas, J.

Applied Radiation and Isotopes

68 2010 807-811

4 Environmental Security of the Coastal Sea Floor in the Sea Ports and Waterways of the

Obhodas, J.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A

619 2010 419–426

3 A permanent identifier should be a persistent link to the published version full text if open access or abstract if article is pay per view) or to the final manuscript accepted for publication (link to article in repository). 4 Open Access is defined as free of charge access for anyone via Internet. Please answer "yes" if the open access to the publication is already established and also if the embargo period for open access is not yet over but you intend to establish open access afterwards.

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Mediterranean Region. 5 Underwater Detection of a TNT

Explosive Sudac D. Transaction of

nuclear science NO. 2, IEEE 2011 p. 547

6 Preliminary Monte Carlo calculations for the UNCOSS neutron-based explosive detector

Eleon C. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A

619. 2010 234

7 Experimental and MCNP simulated gamma-ray spectra for the UNCOSS neutron-based explosive detector

Eleon C. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A

629 2011 220-229

8 Data acquisition and analysis of the UNCOSS underwater explosive neutron sensor

Carasco C.


IEEE Accepted

9 Inspection of the objects on the sea floor by using 14 MeV tagged neutrons

Valkovic V.


IEEE Accepted

10 Red mud characterization using nuclear analytical techniques

Obhodas, J.


IEEE Accepted

11 Inspecting the minefield and residual explosives by fast neutron activation method

Sudac D. Transaction of nuclear science

IEEE Accepted

12 NMR study of size effect in relaxor PMN nanoparticles

R. Blinc Physica Status Solidi, b Basic res.

vol. 248, no. 11

2011 pp. 2653-2655

13 Horn Antennas for Selected EM Wave Applications, Using Nanoparticles and Metamaterials

U. Puc Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters

IEE submitted 2012

14 Qualification and demonstration field tests of the UNCOSS underwater neutron-based explosive detector

V. Valkovic

Journal of Applied Physics

AIP submitted July 2012

34

TEMPLATE A2: LIST OF DISSEMINATION ACTIVITIES

NO. Type of activities5 Main leader Title Date Place Type of audienc

e6

Size of audience

Countries addressed

1 Conference, IAEA International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Research Applications and Utilization of Accelerators

V. Valkovic Environmental Security of the Coastal Sea Floor, paper SM/EN-06

4-8 May, 2009

Vienna, Austria

2 Conference, IAEA International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Research Applications and Utilization of Accelerators

D. Sudac Identification of Materials Hidden Behind or in Front of Dense Organic Goods

4-8 May, 2009

Vienna, Austria

3 SPIE Symposium on Defense, Security + Sensing

V. Valkovic Inspecting the inside of underwater hull, paper 7306A-59

13-17 April 2009

Orlando, United States

4 SPIE Symposium on Defense, Security + Sensing

J. Obhodas Environmental security of the port and harbors’ sediments, paper 7306A-60

13-17 April 2009

Orlando, United States

5 ANIMMA International Conference

D. Sudac Underwater detection of a TNT explosive June 7-10.2009

Marseille, France


V.Valkovic Environmental security of the Adriatic coastal sea floor

June 7-10.2009

Marseille, France


J. Obhodas Matrix characterization of sea floor in threat material detection processes

June 7-10.2009

Marseille, France

5 A drop down list allows choosing the dissemination activity: publications, conferences, workshops, web, press releases, flyers, articles published in the popular press, videos, media briefings, presentations, exhibitions, thesis, interviews, films, TV clips, posters, Other. 6 A drop down list allows choosing the type of public: Scientific Community (higher education, Research), Industry, Civil Society, Policy makers, Medias ('multiple choices' is possible.

35

8 American Nuclear Society 2009 Winter Meeting

V. Valković Environmental Security of the coastal sea floor

Nov. 15.-19.2009

Washington, D.C., USA

9 IRSP-11 Conference J. Obhodas Environmental Security of the Coastal Sea Floor in the Sea Ports and Waterways of the Mediterranean Region

20-25 Sept.2009

Melbourne, Australia

10 IRSP-11 Conference D. Sudac Laboratory tests of the UNCOSS fast neutron sensor

20-25 Sept.2009

Melbourne, Australia

11 ANIMMA International Conference,

B. Perot Applications of the Associated Particle Technique

7-10 June 2009,

Marseille, France

12 CRESCENDO, CBRNE Workshop,

B. Perot, Detection of threats by neutron interrogation

24 March 2010,

Brussels.

13 SPIE Optics and Photonics in Global Homeland Security conference

V. Valković Inspecting the inside of the objects lying on the seafloor

April 2010,

Orlando, USA.

14 ANIMMA, 2nd International Conference on Advancements in Nuclear Instrumentation, Measurement Methods and their Applications

C. Carasco Data acquisition and analysis of the UNCOSS underwater explosive neutron sensor

6-9 June 2011,

Ghent, Belgium


V. Valković Inspection of the objects on the sea floor by using 14 MeV tagged neutrons

6-9 June 2011,

Ghent, Belgium


J. Obhodas Red mud characterization using nuclear analytical techniques

6-9 June 2011,

Ghent, Belgium


D. Sudac Inspecting the minefield and residual explosives by fast neutron activation method

6-9 June 2011,

Ghent, Belgium

18 SPIE 2012 Conference, D. Sudac Corrosion monitoring of reinforced concrete structures by using the 14 MeV tagged neutron beams

23-27 April 2012,

Baltimore, USA

19 24th International Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of

U. Puc Applications of underwater radar 4-7 July2011,

Novi Sad, Serbia

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Energy Systems, ECOS 2011, 20 ECOS 2012 - International

Conference on Efficiency, Cost, Optimization, Simulation and Environmental Impact of Energy Systems

U. Puc Advanced electromagnetic sensors for sustainable monitoring of industrial processes

21 SPIE, Defense, Security, and Sensing.

V. Valković Inspection of the objects on the sea floor for the presence of explosives, Baltimore

23-27 April 2012

Maryland, USA

22 Workshop Unmanned Maritime Systems (UMS) organised by EDA and E.C. DG INFSO,

G. Sannié UNCOSS FP7 projects results 23-24 May 2012

Brussels, Belgium

23 Proceedings of 4th Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School Students Conference,

U. Puc Underwater electromagnetic remote sensing.

25 May 2012,

Ljubljana, Slovenia

24 SDEWES 2012 A. Abina Terrestrial and underwater pollution monitoring using high-resolution electromagnetic sensors,

submitted 2012

25 ICoURS’12 – International Conference on Underwater Remote Sensing

U. Puc, Detection of seabed objects using ground penetrating radar and continuous wave electromagnetic sensor

8-11 October 2012,


D.Sudac Corrosion Monitoring of reinforced concrete structures by using the 14 MeV tagged neutron beams

23-27 April 2012

Baltimore, Maryland, USA


J. Obhodas Analysis of carbon soil content by using tagged neutron activation

23-27 April 2012

Baltimore, Maryland, USA

28 The UNCOSS TV coverage was broadcasted on Euronews

J. Gomez Robots on the borderline From 31 May until 6 June 2012

Everywhere

29 The report www.euronews.com/futuris and on YouTube, Facebook, etc, as well as in many other smaller regional streaming websites.

J. Gomez Robots on the borderline from Monday 4 June 2012

www.euronews.com/futuris

30 All European public televisions and main private ones will receive the report via an Eurovision exchange. It will also be rebroadcast during summer

J. Gomez Robots on the borderline from Monday 4 June 2012

Eurovision

37

break

Section B (Confidential7 or public: confidential information to be marked clearly) Part B1 The applications for patents, trademarks, registered designs, etc. shall be listed according to the template B1 provided hereafter.

The list should, specify at least one unique identifier e.g. European Patent application reference. For patent applications, only if applicable, contributions to standards should be specified. This table is cumulative, which means that it should always show all applications from the beginning until after the end of the project.

TEMPLATE B1: LIST OF APPLICATIONS FOR PATENTS , TRADEMARKS , REGISTERED DESIGNS, ETC.

Type of IP Rights8:

Confidential Click on YES/NO

Foreseen embargo date dd/mm/yyyy

Application reference(s)

(e.g. EP123456) Subject or title of application

Applicant (s) (as on the application)

7 Note to be confused with the "EU CONFIDENTIAL" classification for some security research projects. 8 A drop down list allows choosing the type of IP rights: Patents, Trademarks, Registered designs, Utility models, Others.

38

Part B2 Please complete the table hereafter:

Type of Exploitable Foreground 9

Description of exploitable

foreground

Confidential Click on YES/NO

Foreseen embargo

date dd/mm/yyyy

Exploitable product(s) or measure(s)

Sector(s) of application 10

Timetable, commercial or any other use

Patents or other IPR exploitation (licences)

Owner & Other Beneficiary(s) involved

1. detectors for nuclear device 2. Physics research 3. Engineering

Analog to Digital signal convertion for embedded equiment

No Electronics boards, nuclear sensors,

M72.1 - Research and experimental development on natural sciences and engineering

2012

CEA (owner) licensing to equipment manuf. (not yet)

Cleaning sea bottom area closed to harbour for ex.

Neutron measurement under water

No TNT and chemical agent inside unknown material

M71.2 - Technical testing and analysis

2012 Uncoss Partners

In addition to the table, please provide a text to explain the exploitable foreground, in particular: • Its purpose • How the foreground might be exploited, when and by whom • IPR exploitable measures taken or intended • Further research necessary, if any • Potential/expected impact (quantify where possible)

9 A drop down list allows choosing the type of foreground: General advancement of knowledge, Commercial exploitation of R&D results, Exploitation of R&D results via standards, exploitation of results through EU policies, exploitation of results through (social) innovation. 10 A drop down list allows choosing the type sector (NACE nomenclature) : http://ec.europa.eu/competition/mergers/cases/index/nace_all.html

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3. Report on societal implications Replies to the following questions will assist the Commission to obtain statistics and indicators on societal and socio-economic issues addressed by projects. The questions are arranged in a number of key themes. As well as producing certain statistics, the replies will also help identify those projects that have shown a real engagement with wider societal issues, and thereby identify interesting approaches to these issues and best practices. The replies for individual projects will not be made public.

A General Information (completed automatically when Grant Agreement number is entered. Grant Agreement Number:

218148

Title of Project: UNCOSS

Name and Title of Coordinator: G. SANNIE

B Ethics

1. Did your project undergo an Ethics Review (and/or Screening)?

• If Yes: have you described the progress of compliance with the relevant Ethics

Review/Screening Requirements in the frame of the periodic/final project reports? Special Reminder: the progress of compliance with the Ethics Review/Screening Requirements should be described in the Period/Final Project Reports under the Section 3.2.2 'Work Progress and Achievements'

0Yes 0No

2. Please indicate whether your project involved any of the following issues (tick box) :

NO

RESEARCH ON HUMANS • Did the project involve children? • Did the project involve patients? • Did the project involve persons not able to give consent? • Did the project involve adult healthy volunteers? • Did the project involve Human genetic material? • Did the project involve Human biological samples? • Did the project involve Human data collection?

RESEARCH ON HUMAN EMBRYO /FOETUS • Did the project involve Human Embryos? • Did the project involve Human Foetal Tissue / Cells? • Did the project involve Human Embryonic Stem Cells (hESCs)? • Did the project on human Embryonic Stem Cells involve cells in culture? • Did the project on human Embryonic Stem Cells involve the derivation of cells from Embryos?

PRIVACY • Did the project involve processing of genetic information or personal data (eg. health, sexual

lifestyle, ethnicity, political opinion, religious or philosophical conviction)?

• Did the project involve tracking the location or observation of people? RESEARCH ON ANIMALS

• Did the project involve research on animals? • Were those animals transgenic small laboratory animals? • Were those animals transgenic farm animals? • Were those animals cloned farm animals?

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• Were those animals non-human primates? RESEARCH INVOLVING DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

• Did the project involve the use of local resources (genetic, animal, plant etc)? • Was the project of benefit to local community (capacity building, access to healthcare, education

etc)?

DUAL USE • Research having direct military use 0 Yes

• Research having the potential for terrorist abuse 0 Yes

C Workforce Statistics

3. Workforce statistics for the project: Please indicate in the table below the number of people who worked on the project (on a headcount basis).

Type of Position Number of Women Number of Men

Scientific Coordinator 1,BP

Work package leaders 1,JO 4VV, GS, BP, DS Experienced researchers (i.e. PhD holders) PhD Students Other

4. How many additional researchers (in companies and universities) were recruited specifically for this project?

Of which, indicate the number of men:

1

41

D Gender Aspects 5. Did you carry out specific Gender Equality Actions under the project?

� X

Yes No

6. Which of the following actions did you carry out and how effective were they? Not at all

effective Very

effective

� Design and implement an equal opportunity policy X � � � � � Set targets to achieve a gender balance in the workforce X � � � � � Organise conferences and workshops on gender X � � � � � Actions to improve work-life balance X � � � � � Other:

7. Was there a gender dimension associated with the research content – i.e. wherever people were the focus of the research as, for example, consumers, users, patients or in trials, was the issue of gender considered and addressed?

� Yes- please specify

X No

E Synergies with Science Education

8. Did your project involve working with students and/or school pupils (e.g. open days, participation in science festivals and events, prizes/competitions or joint projects)?

� Yes- please specify

X No

9. Did the project generate any science education material (e.g. kits, websites, explanatory booklets, DVDs)?

X Yes- please specify

� No

F Interdisciplinarity

10. Which disciplines (see list below) are involved in your project? X Main discipline11:

1.2 Physical sciences (astronomy and space sciences, physics and other allied subjects) 1.3 Chemical sciences (chemistry, other allied subjects) 2.2 Electrical engineering, electronics [electrical engineering, electronics, communication

engineering and systems, computer engineering (hardware only) and other allied subjects] 2.3. Other engineering sciences, mechanical, metallurgical and materials engineering

� Associated discipline11: � Associated discipline11:

G Engaging with Civil society and policy makers

11a Did your project engage with societal actors beyond the research community? (if 'No', go to Question 14)

X �

Yes No

11b If yes, did you engage with citizens (citizens' panels / juries) or organised civil society (NGOs, patients' groups etc.)?

11 Insert number from list below (Frascati Manual).

Explosive simulants

42

� No � Yes- in determining what research should be performed X Yes - in implementing the research � Yes, in communicating /disseminating / using the results of the project

11c In doing so, did your project involve actors whose role is mainly to organise the dialogue with citizens and organised civil society (e.g. professional mediator; communication company, science museums)?

� X

Yes No

12. Did you engage with government / public bodies or policy makers (including international organisations)

� No � Yes- in framing the research agenda X Yes - in implementing the research agenda � Yes, in communicating /disseminating / using the results of the project

13a Will the project generate outputs (expertise or scientific advice) which could be used by policy makers?

� Yes – as a primary objective (please indicate areas below- multiple answers possible) X Yes – as a secondary objective (please indicate areas below - multiple answer possible) � No

13b If Yes, in which fields? Agriculture Audiovisual and Media Budget Competition Consumers Culture Customs Development Economic and Monetary Affairs Education, Training, Youth Employment and Social Affairs

Energy Enlargement Enterprise Environment External Relations External Trade Fisheries and Maritime Affairs Food Safety Foreign and Security Policy Fraud Humanitarian aid

Human rights Information Society Institutional affairs Internal Market Justice, freedom and security Public Health Regional Policy Research and Innovation Space Taxation Transport

43

13c If Yes, at which level? � Local / regional levels X National level X European level X International level

H Use and dissemination

14. How many Articles were published/accepted for publication in peer-reviewed journals?

To how many of these is open access12 provided?

How many of these are published in open access journals?

How many of these are published in open repositories?

To how many of these is open access not provided?

Please check all applicable reasons for not providing open access:

� publisher's licensing agreement would not permit publishing in a repository � no suitable repository available � no suitable open access journal available � no funds available to publish in an open access journal � lack of time and resources � lack of information on open access � other13: ……………

15. How many new patent applications (‘priority filings’) have been made? ("Technologically unique": multiple applications for the same invention in different jurisdictions should be counted as just one application of grant).

16. Indicate how many of the following Intellectual Property Rights were applied for (give number in each box).

Trademark 0

Registered design 0

Other 0

17. How many spin-off companies were created / are planned as a direct result of the project?

0

Indicate the approximate number of additional jobs in these companies:

18. Please indicate whether your project has a potential impact on employment, in comparison with the situation before your project:

X Increase in employment, or � In small & medium-sized enterprises � Safeguard employment, or X In large companies � Decrease in employment, � None of the above / not relevant to the project � Difficult to estimate / not possible to quantify

19. For your project partnership please estimate the employment effect resulting directly from your participation in Full Time Equivalent (FTE = one person working fulltime for a year) jobs:

Indicate figure: 3,5

12 Open Access is defined as free of charge access for anyone via Internet. 13 For instance: classification for security project.

44

Difficult to estimate / not possible to quantify

�

I Media and Communication to the general public

20. As part of the project, were any of the beneficiaries professionals in communication or media relations?

� Yes X No

21. As part of the project, have any beneficiaries received professional media / communication training / advice to improve communication with the general public?

X Yes � No

22 Which of the following have been used to communicate information about your project to the general public, or have resulted from your project?

� Press Release X Coverage in specialist press � Media briefing � Coverage in general (non-specialist) press X TV coverage / report � Coverage in national press � Radio coverage / report � Coverage in international press � Brochures /posters / flyers X Website for the general public / internet X DVD /Film /Multimedia � Event targeting general public (festival, conference,

exhibition, science café)

23 In which languages are the information products for the general public produced?

X Language of the coordinator X English X Other language(s)

Question F-10: Classification of Scientific Disciplines according to the Frascati Manual 2002 (Proposed Standard Practice for Surveys on Research and Experimental Development, OECD 2002): FIELDS OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1. NATURAL SCIENCES 1.1 Mathematics and computer sciences [mathematics and other allied fields: computer sciences and other

allied subjects (software development only; hardware development should be classified in the engineering fields)]

1.2 Physical sciences (astronomy and space sciences, physics and other allied subjects) 1.3 Chemical sciences (chemistry, other allied subjects) 1.4 Earth and related environmental sciences (geology, geophysics, mineralogy, physical geography and

other geosciences, meteorology and other atmospheric sciences including climatic research, oceanography, vulcanology, palaeoecology, other allied sciences)

1.5 Biological sciences (biology, botany, bacteriology, microbiology, zoology, entomology, genetics, biochemistry, biophysics, other allied sciences, excluding clinical and veterinary sciences)

2 ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY 2.1 Civil engineering (architecture engineering, building science and engineering, construction engineering,

municipal and structural engineering and other allied subjects) 2.2 Electrical engineering, electronics [electrical engineering, electronics, communication engineering and

systems, computer engineering (hardware only) and other allied subjects] 2.3. Other engineering sciences (such as chemical, aeronautical and space, mechanical, metallurgical and

materials engineering, and their specialised subdivisions; forest products; applied sciences such as

45

geodesy, industrial chemistry, etc.; the science and technology of food production; specialised technologies of interdisciplinary fields, e.g. systems analysis, metallurgy, mining, textile technology and other applied subjects)

3. MEDICAL SCIENCES 3.1 Basic medicine (anatomy, cytology, physiology, genetics, pharmacy, pharmacology, toxicology,

immunology and immunohaematology, clinical chemistry, clinical microbiology, pathology) 3.2 Clinical medicine (anaesthesiology, paediatrics, obstetrics and gynaecology, internal medicine, surgery,

dentistry, neurology, psychiatry, radiology, therapeutics, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology) 3.3 Health sciences (public health services, social medicine, hygiene, nursing, epidemiology) 4. AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 4.1 Agriculture, forestry, fisheries and allied sciences (agronomy, animal husbandry, fisheries, forestry,

horticulture, other allied subjects) 4.2 Veterinary medicine 5. SOCIAL SCIENCES 5.1 Psychology 5.2 Economics 5.3 Educational sciences (education and training and other allied subjects) 5.4 Other social sciences [anthropology (social and cultural) and ethnology, demography, geography

(human, economic and social), town and country planning, management, law, linguistics, political sciences, sociology, organisation and methods, miscellaneous social sciences and interdisciplinary , methodological and historical S1T activities relating to subjects in this group. Physical anthropology, physical geography and psychophysiology should normally be classified with the natural sciences].

6. HUMANITIES 6.1 History (history, prehistory and history, together with auxiliary historical disciplines such as

archaeology, numismatics, palaeography, genealogy, etc.) 6.2 Languages and literature (ancient and modern) 6.3 Other humanities [philosophy (including the history of science and technology) arts, history of art, art

criticism, painting, sculpture, musicology, dramatic art excluding artistic "research" of any kind, religion, theology, other fields and subjects pertaining to the humanities, methodological, historical and other S1T activities relating to the subjects in this group]

final report v1 - Lučka uprava Dubrovnik · which can greatly reduce the cost of mine clearance...

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Transcript of final report v1 - Lučka uprava Dubrovnik · which can greatly reduce the cost of mine clearance...