Final Maternal Health and Care in India

8/8/2019 Final Maternal Health and Care in India

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-By Group 2



Presented by-y Amit Chhabra.

y Kalpna Verma.

y Divya Kumawat.

y

Komal Sharma.y Abhay Sharma.

y Ankur Sooden.

y Amit Kaushal.

y Deepak Yadav.

y

Deepshika.y Maneesha Batra.



Definitiony Maternal Health refers to the health of women during

pregnancy, childbirth and the post partum period.

y Maternal health care is a concept that encompassesfamily planning, preconception, prenatal, intranataland postnatal care.



Measures of Maternal Healthy Maternal Mortality Ratio/Ratey Nutritional Status(Anemia Prevalence)y Antenatal care (Timing of 1st visit and the number of visits)y Age at 1st Pregnancy y Place of delivery y Assistance during delivery y Obstetric care accessibility y

Delivery Complicationsy Fertility y Contraceptive Usey Service availability & Utilization



Components of maternal health care

y Family Planning.

y Preconception.

y Antenatal care.

y Intranatal care.

y Postnatal Care.



MaternalMortality in Indiay Very High Maternal Mortality

y 498 per 100000 live births 1998.

y 379 per 100000 live births 2001-2003.y 254 per 100000 live births 2008.

y Life time Risk maternal death

y one in 48.

y 23 percent of Global burden.



y India has more estimated maternal deaths than

any other country(1,36,000/year).

yEvery 5 minutes one women somewhere inIndia die from complication of childbirth.

y 15 percent of all pregnant women develop life

threatening complication.



Factors affectingMaternal

HealthGeneral factors

1. Economic Status.

2. Literacy.

3. Population density??

4. Women empowerment.

5. Religion.6. Social Rural Urban.

7. Migration.

8. Healthcare services.



Specific Factors1. Antenatal care.

2. Institutional delivery.

3. Skilled birth attendant.

4. Total fertility.

5. Post natal care.

6. Nutrition (anemia).

7. Contraceptive use.8. Age at marriage.



Why women die ?

y Early Marriage.y Reproductive age: a 30 year period.y

High Fertility.y Too many.y Too frequent.y Too early.

y Low women status.y Three delays.y Poor service infrastructure to timely manage

complication.



Statewise Percapita Income

Vs. MMR



Relation betweenMMR and

Population Density

Shows that there is no particular relation between maternal deaths and population

density in a a state.



MMR & Institutional Delivery



MMR & Total Fertility Rate



MMR & CPR



MMR & 3 ANC



MMR & Assisted Birth



Post Natal Care and Maternal

Mortality



MMR and Iron and Folic Acid Tablets



Anemia and MaternalMortality



Maternal Healthcare Programy Promotion of maternal and child health has been

one of the most important objectives of the

Family Welfare Program in India. Some of the programs are :-

CSSM.

RCH I, II and NRHM.

JSY.

Vandematram scheme.

Chiranjeevi Yojana.



RCH-

Focus on overall reproductive health.

Integration on maternal & child health withfamily planning & RTI /STI.

JSY-

Reduction in IMR , MMR.

Focus on institutional deliveries.



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

DLHS 1 DLHS 2

34

46.9

40

62.1

INSTITUTIONALDELIVERY

SAFE DELIVERY



0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

NFHS 1 NFHS 2 NFHS 3

3.4 2.9 2.7

43.944.2 50.7

26

33.640.8

INSTITUTIONALBIRTH

ANC

TFR



MMR 301 IN 2001-03 254 IN 2004-06

IMR 58 IN 2005 53 IN 2008

TFR 2.9 IN 2005 2.7 IN 2007

NRHM

Impact



MMR STATES

<440 U.P

480 A SS A M

300-400 R AJA STH A N

BELOW 100 KER ELA



INDIC ATOR PR ESENT STATUS GOAL FOR 2010

INSTITUTIONAL

DELIVERY

46.9% 80%

SAFE DELIVERY 62.1% 100%

IMR 63 30/1000 LIVE BIRTH

MMR 407 100 /LAKH LIVE BIRTH

MATERNAL HEALTH (RCH -II)



Millennium Development Goal 5:

Improve maternal healthTarget 5. A:

y Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, thematernal mortality ratio

y 5.1 Maternal mortality ratio5.2 Proportion of births attended by skilled healthpersonnel

Target 5.B:

y Achieve, by 2015, universal access to reproductive healthy 5.3 Contraceptive prevalence rate

5.4 Adolescent birth rate5.5 Antenatal care coverage (at least one visit and at leastfour visits)5.6 Unmet need for family planning



Major Hurdles in achieving MDG 5

in INDIA

Absence of focus on EmOC.

Lack of qualified Midwives/birth attendents

Lack of management capacity in the health system

Low priority for health by the Indian Political

system Absence of comprehensive maternal care services



What can be done to reduce

maternal deaths? Effective health services.

y Upgrade infrastructure.

y Develop effective referral (transport andcommunication)systems.

y Invest in human resources.

y Improve accountability.

y Introduce financing systems.

y Develop an information system, embracing confidentialenquiries and audits of maternal deaths.

y Skilled attendance at delivery/Institutionaldelivery.



y Access to emergency obstetric care.

y Sustained political commitment.y Improved availability and use of data.

y The International effort.

Measures continued«.



0

100

200

300

00

500

600

1996 1998 2000 2002 200 2006 2008 2010 2012 201

19982003

2008

2013

Final Maternal Health and Care in India

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