2. Old St. Peter's Church in Rome was a Christian adaptation of A.The Roman basilica B.The Roman private home C.Etruscan temples D.A and B only E.None of these

Final Exam Sample Test

Directions: The questions in this test bank cover material contained in your class notes and textbook. For each question, select your answer and verify its correctness by locating the information in these two sources. When you have completed the questions, check your answers. Any errors should be thoroughly reviewed, and misunderstandings cleared either by participating in a study group, asking questions in class, or making an appointment with your instructor. This exercise is designed to help you master the material, and it makes no sense to misuse it by not thinking through all the questions and modifying your learning techniques if necessary. Slide Questions:

Multiple Choice. Select the BEST answer for each. 1. Which of these cathedrals can be immediately identified by its differing spires? A.Cologne B.Chartres C.Rheims

D.Salisbury E.Conques 2. Arguably Europe's first Gothic structure was the abbey church of the monastery of Saint-Denis, a few miles north of

what major European city? A. Amiens B. Cluny C. Chartres D. Paris E. Aachen 3. Early Christian mosaics were made from tesserae left uneven with projecting edges because A.These artists were not

sufficiently trained as Romans were B.They were placed at great heights and were difficult to place accurately C.So they would reflect the light and create a shimmering surface

4. Shelf-like openings in which bodies of the Christian dead were interred were called A.Loculi B.Cubicula C.Catacombs D.Gnosis E.Tufa

5. The most important aspects of the Minoan's architecture were A.Anti-monumental, casual floorplans B.Sculpture as decoration C.Mosaics as decoration D.Metalwork detailing E.None of these

6. The altar of a Christian church would have been placed in the A.Transept B.Apse C.Narthex D.Nave 7. Niches surrounding this semi-circular area are called A.Chevet B.Apse C.Narthex D.Nave E.Radiating apse chapels 8. Another name for the crossing arm is Bema or A.Transept B.Apse C.Narthex D.Crossing Tower E.Triforium zone

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1. This structure's dome rests upon an architectural element called a A.Groin vault B.Squinch C.Triforium D.Pendentive E.Clerestory

3. The expressions on these figures from Rheims indicate anticipation of the art of the Renaissance because A.They return to the grim outlook of the Dark Ages B.They show the softening of spirit by their more human-looking expressions C.The artists begin to use the more natural S-curve pose in the Gothic sway D.All of these E.B and C

4. Which of the following elements DOES NOT apply to this apse exterior? A.Flying buttresses B.String course C.Corbeled table D.Round Roman arch E.Apse chapels

5. The dome of this structure rests upon an architectural element called a A.Groin vault B.Squinch C.Triforium D.Pendentive E.Clerestory

6. By observing the structural elements of the NAVE ONLY, it can be determined that this was built in what style? A.Byzantine B.Romanesque C.Early Gothic D.Flambouyant Gothic E.Early Christian

-2- 9. In the middle of the twelfth century, while builders throughout Europe were working in the Romanesque style, a

distinctive new architecture known today as Gothic emerged in A. Salisbury B. Germany C. The area around the Île-de-France D. Orvieto E. Rome

10. In Romanesque churches, side aisles were usually A.Barrel Vaulted B.Groin Vaulted C.Corbeled D.Ribbed E.All of these

11. The main portal of a Christian church faced A.North B.South C.East D.West 12. Through a church’s main portal one entered the A.Transept B.Apse C.Narthex D.Nave E.Side aisles 13. Where can the sculpture of the prophet Jeremiah be found on the south portal of the Romanesque church at Moissac?

A.Diptych B.Clerestory C.Tympanum D.Trumeau E.Transept 14. Which of the following does NOT apply to the architectural plan of San Vitale in Ravenna? A.An ambulatory with

gallery above which was reserved for women B.Wooden ceiling with coffering C.Light filtering through alabaster windows D.Glittering mosaics and glowing marbles covering the surfaces E.Richly patterned column capitals

15. Interior illumination in Christian churches is accommodated by windows in the A.Gallery B.Transept C.Side aisles D.Flying Buttresses E.Clerestory 16. The subject of the Bayeux Tapestry is the A. Construction of Bayeux Cathedral B. Norman conquest C. Viking

invasion of Europe D. Miracle of St. Bayeaux E. Saxon invasion of Normandy 17. This emperor and his son conquered the rebellious Jews. Where is his triumph memorialized? A. The Ara Pacis

B. The Arch of Titus C. The Column of Trajan D. The Porta Augusta E. The Basilica of Ulpia 18. Which of the following IS NOT TRUE of Transitional Greek sculpture such as the figure of Zeus? A.One main view is

emphasized, not several B.Emphasis on the moment before action C.Wider range of subject matter to include old people and children D.Combination of Archaic and Classical elements E.Growing knowledge of anatomy

19. Which of the following BEST describes the Byzantine style emphasizing dematarialization? A. Flat, abstracted figures B. Linear outlines C. Gold backgrounds D. Glittering mosaics and delicately patterned marble E. All of these

20. The typical Etruscan city was laid out in what kind of plan? A. Circular B. Grid C. Triangular D. According to natural elevations E. A and B combined

21. The Colosseum has engaged columns on each story of the exterior; these are placed in a logical succession from sturdy Tuscan to lighter Ionic to A. Composite capitals B. Corinthian pilasters C. Doric supports D. Masts for the awning E. None of these. There was no higher story

22. Far from being somber, Etruscan sarcophagi often depict scenes of A. Objects of household use B. Intimate domestic touches C.The circus D. Happy gods and goddesses E. The Etruscans didn’t use sarcophagi

23. In Rome, related individuals or members of social clubs and other organizations like clandestine Christians established private group cemeteries. When a group's members had used up the ground-level space in their cemetery, they tunneled underground to create a hypogeum, or A. Sarcophagus B. Tholos tomb C. Mausoleum

D. Catacomb E. Mastaba 24. Etruscan artists excelled at making monumental sculpture of A. Glass B. Sandstone C. Cement and concrete D. Terra-cotta D. B and C only 25. Constantine the Great launched a vast building program that included Christian churches when he consolidated

imperial power and united the West and East around what year? A.384 B.47 C.524 D.324 26. What centralized building in Rome was built for and is named after the daughter of Constantine the Great? A. Church

of Santa Costanza B. Mausoleum of Galla Placidia C. Church of Saint Apollinaris D. St. Peter’s E. None of these 27. Roman catacombs were typically decorated in what medium? A. Wall painting B. Incised lines C. Relief sculpture D. Mosaic E. A and B only 28. The "Saint Gall Plan" depicts what? A. A major fortification including hill fort B. A plan for a large city C. The earliest

map of Ireland D. A plan for a monastery E. The outline of Charlemagne’s school of learning 29. Romanesque means A. In the Roman manner B. Related to the Roman Catholic Church C. Small Rome 30. The most popular Romanesque pilgrimage routes led to Rome, Jerusalem and A. Paris B.Conques C.Toledo D. Jerusalem E. Santiago de Compostela 31. In 1066, William the Conqueror successfully invaded what country? A. Ireland B.Spain C. Viking Norway D.Italy E. England 32. Abbot Suger redefined the use of space and light in architecture. One of his most important structural developments of

the Gothic style was A.Ribbed vaults B. Steel. C. Concrete D. Cement E. C and D only 33. In a pilgrimage church stairways near the crossing of the transept and nave would have led pilgrims to the relic, kept

in the A.Westwork B.Crypt C.Dome D.Apse E.Narthex 34. Augustus was A.The founder of the Imperial Roman Empire B.The adopted son of Julius Caesar C.The first emperor

to officially recognize Christianity D.A and B only E.B and C only 35. The patron saint of France is A. Saint Foy B.Saint James C.Saint Denis D. St. Suger E.The Virgin Mary 36. The group who inhabited most of the Italian peninsula between Florence and Rome around 500 B.C. was the A. Persians B. Etruscans C.Greeks D. Turks E. Phoenicians 37. The architects of Amiens used proportional adjustments to create an exaggerated sense of A. Weight B. Height C. Compact mass D. Protection against the evils of the world E. Harmony

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-3- 38. The choir of Saint-Denis represented the emergence of a new architectural aesthetic based on A. Space and light B. Early Christian architectural traditions C. The intersection of right angles D. Vertical emphasis E. A and D only 39. Which is not an element of Gothic architecture A. Ribbed vault B. Flying buttresses C.Round arches D. Stained

glass windows E. Thin, pierced walls 40. Most great French Gothic cathedrals were dedicated to A.Christ B.God the Father (Holy Wisdom) C. The Virgin D. St. Joseph E. St. Peter 41. Etruscans thought of their large-scale tombs as A. Pyramids B. Houses C. Urns D. Underground temples 42. A necropolis is A. Someone who likes dead people B. An underground city C. A city beneath the sea D. A city of the

dead E. None of these 43. Which is not a feature of the Early Christian basilica? A. Nave B. Apse C. Side aisle D. Clerestory E.All of these are 44. Which is not true of the Christian altar? A. It was originally a table B. In most churches it is in the western end C. It is the site of the Eucharist in the Mass D. It often supports a Crucifix E. It contains a relic 45. The components of Early Xian and Byzantine mosaics are A. Pigments B. Square marble plaques C. Semi-precious

jewels D. Tesserae E. Polished stones 46. Which is not a feature of San Vitale? A. Transept B. Narthex C. Radiating apse chapels D. Gallery E. Apse 47. Which is not true of San Vitale? A. It is on the east coast of Italy B. It was the personal Church of Justinian C. It is filled with mosaics D. Its exterior is plain brick E. It contained a gallery 48. What was the main Byzantine contribution to monumental architecture A. Pendentive B. Composite Order C. Dome D. Narthex E. Round arch 49. Which is not a feature of Hiberno-Saxon manuscripts? A. Latin text B. Interlace or lacertine pattern C. Stylization D. Naturalism E. Letters merging with pictures 50. The three most popular pilgrimage sites were A. Rome, Paris, and Jerusalem B. Compostela, Paris, and Rome C. Rome, Compostela, and Jerusalem D. Paris, Jerusalem, and Compostela E. None of these combinations 51. A reliquary is A. A cinerary urn B. A container for relics C. A Medieval sarcophagus D. Often decorated with

donated precious stones E. A and D only 52. Which is not part of the plan of Sainte-Foy at Conques? A. Narthex B. Nave C. Transept D. Pendentive E. Apse 53. A mandorla refers to A. An oval body halo B. A musical instrument C. An oval window D. A halo with a cross E. A plant discussed by Hildegard of Bingen 54. The text on the Bayeux Tapestry is written in A. French B. English C. Norwegian D. Latin E. Anglo-Saxon 55. Early Christian mosaics were made from tesserae left uneven with projecting edges because A.These artists were not

sufficiently trained as Romans were B.They were placed at great heights and were difficult to place accurately C.So they would reflect the light and create a shimmering surface

True and False Circle the T or F. If the answer is false, be sure you understand why and correct it. 1. T F Abbot Suger rose from modest origins to become a powerful adviser to kings, and built what many consider the

first Gothic structure in Europe. 2. T F Thomas Aquinas used reason to comprehend religion's supernatural aspects and in his writings convincingly

integrated scientific rationalism with Christian faith. 3. T F The major central area of a Christian church is termed the apse. 4. T F Virgil wrote the Aenead during the reign of the emperor Julius Caesar. 5. T F The Greeks focused on the exterior of their structures emphasizing their appearance. The Romans in contrast

made the interior the primary focal point. 6. T F The myth of the founding of Rome includes the two brothers Regulus and Remus. 7. T F Charlemagne's architects turned to St. Peter’s in Rome, a basilica-plan with a long nave and side aisles ending in

a projecting apse, as a model for his own churches. 8. T F In Viking ornament, one often finds a writhing mass of delicately carved beasts that clutch at each other; this type

of interlace is known as lacertine patterning. 9. T F The basic form of the Romanesque church derives from earlier churches inspired by Roman basilicas. 10 .T F Gislebertus’ delicate web-like engraving on the robes of his figures of the cathedral at Autun may have been

derived from or manuscript illumination. 11. T F A lengthy inscription in the band beneath Christ's feet identifies the Autun tympanum as the work of Villard de

Honnecourt. 12. T F The Royal Portal on the west façade of Chartres is home to the jamb figures of the Old Testament kings and

queens, and remind people of the close ties between the Church and French royal house. 13. T F The Abbey Church of Sain Denis became the prototype for a new architecture of space and light based on a

return to Carolingian church design. 14. T F The builders of Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris brought together the hallmark Gothic structural devices for the

first time: the pointed arch, brick building materials, and the flying buttress. 15. T F Compared to the Romanesque tower of Chartres, the Gothic tower is taller, more elaborate with greater detail.

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-4- 16. T F The Capitoline Wolf was made modeling terracotta slay and baking it in a kiln. 17. T F The best-known Irish manuscript is Beowulf. 18. T F Typically, Romanesque sculpture on a church façade focuses on the central entrance's tympanum. 19. T F Self-supporting communities of monks and nuns were called scriptoria. 20. T F The peristyle temple was a favored Roman architectural type. 21. T F Two streets intersecting at right angles in ancient Etruria and Rome were the insula and decumanus. 22. T F Christianity was legalized by the Edict of Milan in 313 CE. 23. T F The Four Evangelists are Mark, Paul, Luke, and Matthew. 24. T F San Vitale in Ravenna is known for its mosaics and architectural design. Its plan is a centralized Greek cross. 25. T F A social system organized around a manor in which a landlord allowed peasants to live and work on the land is

called feudalism. Matching _____ Flying buttress 1. The top center stone holding the voussoirs in place _____ Gothic sway 2. The intersection of two barrel vaults _____ Sutton Hoo 3. Carries water through a trench supported over valleys

by arches _____ Transept 4. The cross-section of a Latin cross church plan that

corresponds to the arms of the cross _____ Icthus 5. A person who dies for his or her beliefs _____ Basilica 6. Unaccompanied monophonic music sung to Latin texts _____ Velarium 7. Epic describing the slaying of the monster Grendel _____ Carolingian Renaissance 8. Revival of classical art by emperor Charlemagne _____ Dematerialization 9. An illuminated manuscript page decorated with first

Greek letters of Christ’s name _____ Crocketing 10. Masonry support on the outside of a wall that carries

thrusts from roof vaults _____ Fibula 11. Burial ground of Anglo-Saxon kings of Britain which

yielded exquisite barbarian style artifacts _____ Chi Rho 12. Artistic device to create the illusion that physical forms

are light-weight, evanescent _____ Keystone 13. Ornament resembling stylized bent foliage that

decorates Gothic spires _____ Beowulf 14. Large awning that covered an ancient Roman

amphitheater _____ Divination 15. The act of foretelling the future _____ Atrium 16. An open, unroofed colonnaded courtyard often with a

fountain or pool _____ Aquaduct 17. A clasp used to fasten clothing _____ Groin vault 18. A variation on the contrapposto pose which placed

body weight on the forward stationary leg _____ Martyr 19. In Xian symbolism, the fish; an anagram for Jesus

Christ, Son of God, Savior _____ Gregorian Chant 20. A large rectangular building with central axis ending in

an apse Floorplans There will be extensive diagrams on the exam. They will be based on your handouts but may or may not be duplicates of the images and plans there. Know all architectural styles and parts.