Film and Video 12Film and Video 12

RolesRoles For the purpose of the next project you will For the purpose of the next project you will

all assume individual roles. Some of you will all assume individual roles. Some of you will have more than one role and some of the have more than one role and some of the roles are combined. We will discuss roles in roles are combined. We will discuss roles in more detail as the course progresses. more detail as the course progresses.

Writer/ProducerWriter/Producer DirectorDirector Cinematographer (camera person)Cinematographer (camera person) Sound Producer/Boom OperatorSound Producer/Boom Operator EditorEditor

The writerThe writer

The WriterThe Writer writes the script,  writes the script, commentary and dialogue.commentary and dialogue.

ProducerProducer

The Producer would raise all the money and The Producer would raise all the money and is responsible for the overall production. In is responsible for the overall production. In particular you must make sure all of your particular you must make sure all of your workers are satisfied, all are participating, workers are satisfied, all are participating, schedules are made and met etc. schedules are made and met etc.

Producers organize the work of other Producers organize the work of other people and usually find the story that they people and usually find the story that they want to produce. They create want to produce. They create advertisements so that people will want to advertisements so that people will want to see a film. see a film.

Ultimately, you will decide what the film will Ultimately, you will decide what the film will be about and the director will then interpret be about and the director will then interpret that ideathat idea

The DirectorThe Director

The DirectorThe Director interprets the script or interprets the script or proposal into film, and directs actors proposal into film, and directs actors and production crew.and production crew.

The director is in charge of the actors The director is in charge of the actors and he or she decides how each and he or she decides how each scene should be filmed. Often the scene should be filmed. Often the main idea of the film is influenced by main idea of the film is influenced by the director’s imagination. the director’s imagination.

Camera “Person”Camera “Person”

The CinematographerThe Cinematographer (or Director (or Director of Photography) sets up shots of Photography) sets up shots according to the wishes of the according to the wishes of the director.director.

SoundSound

The Boom OperatorThe Boom Operator manoeuvers manoeuvers microphones.microphones.

The Sound Recorder The Sound Recorder records records sounds and directs the boom sounds and directs the boom operatooperator.r.

EditorEditor

The Picture EditorThe Picture Editor arranges the shots arranges the shots together into the final form, according together into the final form, according to the director's vision of the film.to the director's vision of the film.

The editor is sometimes called the The editor is sometimes called the cutter because he or she selects the cutter because he or she selects the best scenes and puts together the best scenes and puts together the individual pictures so that the whole individual pictures so that the whole story can be shown. story can be shown.

SCRIPTWRITINGSCRIPTWRITING

The PLANThe PLAN

Think of a script as the backbone of Think of a script as the backbone of your program.your program.

If you write before you shoot, a script If you write before you shoot, a script will give your project structure, will give your project structure, organization, direction, tone and organization, direction, tone and attitude. Your videos won’t look like attitude. Your videos won’t look like monotonous surveillance footage.monotonous surveillance footage.

Keep planning…Keep planning…

Writing a script also forces you to Writing a script also forces you to think about and visualize your think about and visualize your project in advance, which is the best project in advance, which is the best way to solve problems you would way to solve problems you would have encountered while shooting or have encountered while shooting or editing.editing.

Most video production problems arise Most video production problems arise from the lack of structure, so from the lack of structure, so organizing your thoughts before the organizing your thoughts before the fact becomes even more attractive.fact becomes even more attractive.

Having a script will make shooting Having a script will make shooting and editing a snap, and your final and editing a snap, and your final product will have a smooth, natural product will have a smooth, natural flow.flow.

Even a short shot list or a few notes Even a short shot list or a few notes on how you want to organize on how you want to organize something is a working script.something is a working script.

Getting started…Getting started…

The hardest part of any writing The hardest part of any writing project is the start.project is the start.

Write down any random thoughts Write down any random thoughts and ideas, whatever comes to mind.and ideas, whatever comes to mind.

The Writing Process…just like The Writing Process…just like English Class!English Class!

It is all about coming up with an ideaIt is all about coming up with an ideaWriting it down Writing it down Transforming your idea into a Transforming your idea into a

working script working script Then later into actual images and Then later into actual images and

sounds on your television setsounds on your television set

The Idea and the HookThe Idea and the Hook

Once you’ve chosen a basic Once you’ve chosen a basic framework for your project (an framework for your project (an event, activity, vacation and so event, activity, vacation and so on), try to come up with a unique on), try to come up with a unique and interesting hook that will and interesting hook that will make people want to watch. make people want to watch.

BrainstormBrainstorm

Once you have an idea in place, clear Once you have an idea in place, clear your mind of everything and visualize your mind of everything and visualize how you think you would like your how you think you would like your project to look and sound.project to look and sound.

One of the most powerful tools in the One of the most powerful tools in the world and your most valuable world and your most valuable possession is your imagination.possession is your imagination.

Brainstorming con’tBrainstorming con’t Brainstorming Rules:Brainstorming Rules: Collect as many ideas as possible from all participants with no criticisms or Collect as many ideas as possible from all participants with no criticisms or

judgments made while ideas are being generated. judgments made while ideas are being generated.

All ideas are welcome no matter how silly or far out they seem. Be All ideas are welcome no matter how silly or far out they seem. Be creative. The more ideas the better because at this point you don't know creative. The more ideas the better because at this point you don't know what might work. what might work.

Absolutely no discussion takes place during the brainstorming activity. Absolutely no discussion takes place during the brainstorming activity. Talking about the ideas will take place after brainstorming is complete. Talking about the ideas will take place after brainstorming is complete.

Do not criticize or judge. Don't even groan, frown, or laugh. All ideas are Do not criticize or judge. Don't even groan, frown, or laugh. All ideas are equally valid at this point. equally valid at this point.

Do build on others' ideas. Do build on others' ideas.

Do write all ideas on a flipchart or board so the whole group can easily see Do write all ideas on a flipchart or board so the whole group can easily see them. them.

Set a time limit (i.e., 30 minutes) for the brainstorming.Set a time limit (i.e., 30 minutes) for the brainstorming.

Brainstorm Con’tBrainstorm Con’t Brainstorming Sequence:Brainstorming Sequence: One team member should review the topic of the One team member should review the topic of the

brainstorm using "why", "how", or "what" questions. brainstorm using "why", "how", or "what" questions. Example:Example:Example: What should we focus on as the content? Example: What should we focus on as the content?

Everyone should think about the question silently for a few Everyone should think about the question silently for a few moments. Each person might want to jot down his/her ideas moments. Each person might want to jot down his/her ideas on a sheet of paper. on a sheet of paper.

Everyone suggests ideas by calling them out. Another way Everyone suggests ideas by calling them out. Another way is to go around the room and have each person read an is to go around the room and have each person read an idea from his/her list until all ideas have been written on idea from his/her list until all ideas have been written on the board or flipchart. (Note: The team member in charge the board or flipchart. (Note: The team member in charge of the brainstorming session should be enforcing the rules.) of the brainstorming session should be enforcing the rules.)

One team member writes down all ideas on board or One team member writes down all ideas on board or

flipchart.flipchart.

ResearchingResearching

Depending on the project you chose Depending on the project you chose to tackle, you may find yourself with to tackle, you may find yourself with some research and pre-production some research and pre-production legwork to do. legwork to do.

On movie sets, Associate Producers On movie sets, Associate Producers and Production Assistants take care and Production Assistants take care of thisof this

You’ve heard it before…KNOW You’ve heard it before…KNOW YOUR AUDIENCEYOUR AUDIENCE

As creative videographers, As creative videographers, sometimes we forget to do one very sometimes we forget to do one very important thing: figure out who the important thing: figure out who the audience is going to be and what audience is going to be and what they’ll get out of your program.they’ll get out of your program.

SCRIPTS/SCREEN PLAYSSCRIPTS/SCREEN PLAYS

http://www.scenariosusa.com/educatorhttp://www.scenariosusa.com/educators/makingmovies/ch2.pdfs/makingmovies/ch2.pdf

Handouts for your portfolio/notes to Handouts for your portfolio/notes to refer to. refer to.

Do’s and Don’ts of Script Do’s and Don’ts of Script WritingWriting

Do follow the format (spacing, Do follow the format (spacing, capitalization etc)capitalization etc)

Don’t spell words wrongDon’t spell words wrongDo pay attention to punctuation and Do pay attention to punctuation and

grammargrammarDon’t be too wordy with dialogueDon’t be too wordy with dialogueDo pay attention to short scenesDo pay attention to short scenesDo leave some freedom for director Do leave some freedom for director

and actors.and actors.

Commercial ProjectCommercial Project

Project: Project: You and your group are to brainstorm, prepare, and produce a commercial. You and your group are to brainstorm, prepare, and produce a commercial.

The commercial must sell a product. The product can be real or fake, but The commercial must sell a product. The product can be real or fake, but must be your own original idea and must meet the criteria for all FLV 12.must be your own original idea and must meet the criteria for all FLV 12.

Criteria: Criteria: Absolutely no shorter or longer than 30 seconds! Planning, planning!Absolutely no shorter or longer than 30 seconds! Planning, planning! Group must show evidence of group brainstormGroup must show evidence of group brainstorm Group must show evidence of Group must show evidence of research ofresearch of effective commercial techniques effective commercial techniques Group must submit a proposalGroup must submit a proposal Group must submit shooting plan (props, actors, sets, scheduled shoots)Group must submit shooting plan (props, actors, sets, scheduled shoots) Group must submit a DETAILED story board. See your check listGroup must submit a DETAILED story board. See your check list Group must submit script (if required)Group must submit script (if required) Group must display effective use of class timeGroup must display effective use of class time Group must demonstrate daily organizational and note keeping strategies. Group must demonstrate daily organizational and note keeping strategies. Commercial must have credits (don’t forget to credit music if used)Commercial must have credits (don’t forget to credit music if used) Group must complete edited film by _____________________Group must complete edited film by _____________________

BIBLIOGRAPHYBIBLIOGRAPHY http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1995/2/95.02.01http://www.yale.edu/ynhti/curriculum/units/1995/2/95.02.01

.x.html#e.x.html#e

http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educatiohttp://www.media-awareness.ca/english/resources/educational/lessons/elementary/television_radio/teaching_tv_producnal/lessons/elementary/television_radio/teaching_tv_production.cfmtion.cfm

http://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/goorap/filmandvideo.htmhttp://hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca/goorap/filmandvideo.htm