Filling Electron Orbitals
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Transcript of Filling Electron Orbitals
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Filling Electron Orbitals
Orbitals are the area in space where electrons are found Each individual orbital holds 2 electrons
There are four main shapes which hold a different number of electrons
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Shapes of Orbitals
The four shapes are s, p, d, and f
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Shapes of the Orbitals
Each shape holds a different number of orbitals s has 1 orbital, p has 3 orbitals, and d has 5 orbitals
www.ptable.com
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Energy Levels Each period
is a new energy level Like an
elevator, electrons cannot exist between energy levels!
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General Rules
Aufbau Principle – Electrons fill lowest energy level first Analogy: Lazy Tenant Rule
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General Rules
Pauli Exclusion Principle – Electrons must have opposite spin (up/down) when in the same orbital
Analogy: Yin and Yang Rule
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General Rules
Hund’s Rule – Electrons in equal energy orbits fill orbitals with parallel spin Analogy: Empty Bus Seat Rule
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Orbital Notation
Specific order for filling electrons – based on periodic table
Examples Beryllium
Oxygen
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Orbital Notation
Examples O2-
Titanium
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Electron Configuration
Examples Silicon
Selenium
Manganese
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Shorthand Electron Config
Shorter version of writing electron configurations Noble Gas Core
– inner core of electrons not involved in chemical bonding