Figure 1.7 Regional terms used to designate specific body areas.

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Figure 1.7a Regional terms used to designate specific body areas.

thorax

abdomen

Figure 1.7b Regional terms used to designate specific body areas.

dorsal

Figure 1.8 Planes of the body with corresponding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans.

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Figure 1.9 Dorsal and ventral body cavities and their subdivisions.

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Figure 1.9a Dorsal and ventral body cavities and their subdivisions.

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Figure 1.9b Dorsal and ventral body cavities and their subdivisions.

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Figure 4.3a Epithelial tissues.

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Figure 4.3b Epithelial tissues.

Figure 4.3c Epithelial tissues.

Figure 4.3d Epithelial tissues.

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Figure 4.3e Epithelial tissues.

Figure 4.3f Epithelial tissues.

Figure 4.8a Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8b Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8c Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8d Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8e Connective tissues.

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Figure 4.8f Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8g Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8h Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8i Connective tissues.

Figure 4.8j Connective tissues.

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Figure 4.8k Connective tissues.

Figure 4.9a Muscle tissues.

Figure 4.9b Muscle tissues.

Figure 4.9c Muscle tissues.

Figure 4.10 Nervous tissue.

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Figure 7.4a Anatomy of the anterior and posterior aspects of the skull.

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Figure 7.4b Anatomy of the anterior and posterior aspects of the skull.

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Figure 7.5a Bones of the lateral aspect of the skull, external and internal views.

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Figure 7.5c Bones of the lateral aspect of the skull, external and internal views.

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Figure 7.6a Inferior aspect of the skull, mandible removed.

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Figure 7.7a The base of the cranial cavity.

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Figure 7.13a Bones of the nasal cavity.

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Figure 7.13b Bones of the nasal cavity.

Figure 7.14a Paranasal sinuses.

Figure 7.14b Paranasal sinuses.

Figure 7.15 The hyoid bone, anterior view.

Figure 7.16 The vertebral column.

Figure 7.19 Typical vertebral structures.

Figure 7.20a The first and second cervical vertebrae.

Figure 7.20b The first and second cervical vertebrae.

Figure 7.20c The first and second cervical vertebrae.

Figure 7.21a Posterolateral views of articulated vertebrae.

Figure 7.21b Posterolateral views of articulated vertebrae.

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Figure 7.21c Posterolateral views of articulated vertebrae.

Figure 7.22a The sacrum and coccyx.

Figure 7.22b The sacrum and coccyx.

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Figure 7.23a The thoracic cage.

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Figure 7.24a Ribs.

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Figure 7.24b Ribs.

Figure 7.25a The pectoral girdle and clavicle.

Figure 7.25b The pectoral girdle and clavicle.

Figure 7.25c The pectoral girdle and clavicle.

Figure 7.26a The scapula.

Figure 7.26b The scapula.

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Figure 7.26c The scapula.

Figure 7.27a The humerus of the right arm and detailed views of articulation at the elbow.

Figure 7.27b The humerus of the right arm and detailed views of articulation at the elbow.

Figure 7.27c The humerus of the right arm and detailed views of articulation at the elbow.

Figure 7.27d The humerus of the right arm and detailed views of articulation at the elbow.

Figure 7.28a Radius and ulna of the right forearm.

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Figure 7.28b Radius and ulna of the right forearm.

Figure 7.29a Bones of the right hand.

Figure 7.29b Bones of the right hand.

Figure 7.30 Pelvis.

Figure 7.31a The hip (coxal) bones.

Figure 7.31b The hip (coxal) bones.

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Figure 7.31c The hip (coxal) bones.

Figure 7.31d The hip (coxal) bones.

Figure 7.32a Bones of the right knee and thigh.

Figure 7.32b Bones of the right knee and thigh.

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Figure 7.33a The tibia and fibula of the right leg.

Figure 7.33b The tibia and fibula of the right leg.

Figure 7.34a Bones of the right foot.

Figure 7.34b Bones of the right foot.

Figure 7.34c Bones of the right foot.

Figure 8.1a Fibrous joints.

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Figure 8.1b Fibrous joints.

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Figure 8.1c Fibrous joints.

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Figure 8.2 Cartilaginous joints.

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Figure 8.3 General structure of a synovial joint.

Figure 8.4a Bursae and tendon sheaths.

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Figure 8.5d Movements allowed by synovial joints.

Figure 8.5e Movements allowed by synovial joints.

Figure 8.5f Movements allowed by synovial joints.

Figure 8.6a Special body movements.

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Figure 8.6b Special body movements.

Figure 8.6c Special body movements.

Figure 8.6d Special body movements.

Figure 8.6e Special body movements.

Figure 8.6f Special body movements.

Figure 8.7a The shapes of the joint surfaces define the types of movements that can occur at a synovial joint; they also determine the classification of synovial joints into six structural types.

Figure 8.7b The shapes of the joint surfaces define the types of movements that can occur at a synovial joint; they also determine the classification of synovial joints into six structural types.

Figure 8.7c The shapes of the joint surfaces define the types of movements that can occur at a synovial joint; they also determine the classification of synovial joints into six structural types.

Figure 8.7d The shapes of the joint surfaces define the types of movements that can occur at a synovial joint; they also determine the classification of synovial joints into six structural types.

Figure 8.7e The shapes of the joint surfaces define the types of movements that can occur at a synovial joint; they also determine the classification of synovial joints into six structural types.

Figure 8.7f The shapes of the joint surfaces define the types of movements that can occur at a synovial joint; they also determine the classification of synovial joints into six structural types.

Figure 8.10a The shoulder joint.

Figure 8.13b The temporomandibular (jaw) joint.

Figure 10.5 Superficial muscles of the body: Anterior view.

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Figure 10.6 Superficial muscles of the body: Posterior view.

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Figure 10.7b Lateral view of muscles of the scalp, face, and neck.

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Figure 10.12a Muscles of the abdominal wall.

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Figure 10.14a Superficial muscles of the thorax and shoulder acting on the scapula and arm.

Figure 10.14c Superficial muscles of the thorax and shoulder acting on the scapula and arm.

Figure 10.15a–b Muscles crossing the shoulder and elbow joints, causing movements of the arm and forearm, respectively.

Figure 10.15a Muscles crossing the shoulder and elbow joints, causing movements of the arm and forearm, respectively.

Figure 10.15b Muscles crossing the shoulder and elbow joints, causing movements of the arm and forearm, respectively.

Figure 10.15c Muscles crossing the shoulder and elbow joints, causing movements of the arm and forearm, respectively.

Figure 10.20a Anterior and medial muscles promoting movements of the thigh and leg.

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Figure 10.21a Posterior muscles of the right hip and thigh.

Figure 10.22a Muscles of the anterior compartment of the right leg.

Figure 10.23a Muscles of the lateral compartment of the right leg.

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Figure 13.6a Location and function of cranial nerves.

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Figure 10.24a Muscles of the posterior compartment of the right leg.

Figure 12.3 Ventricles of the brain.

Figure 12.4a Lobes, sulci, and fissures of the cerebral hemispheres.

Figure 12.4b Lobes, sulci, and fissures of the cerebral hemispheres.

Figure 12.10a Midsagittal section of the brain.

Figure 12.12 Inferior view of the brain, showing the three parts of the brain stem: midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata.

Figure 12.22 Meninges: dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

Figure 12.23b Dural septa and dural venous sinuses.

Figure 12.26a Gross structure of the spinal cord, dorsal view.

Figure 12.28a Anatomy of the spinal cord.

Figure 12.28b Anatomy of the spinal cord.

Figure 15.1b The eye and accessory structures.

Figure 15.2 The lacrimal apparatus.

Figure 15.3a Extrinsic eye muscles.

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Figure 15.4a Internal structure of the eye (sagittal section).

Figure 15.24a Structure of the ear.

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Figure 15.24b Structure of the ear.

Figure 15.26 Membranous labyrinth of the internal ear.

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Figure 15.27b Anatomy of the cochlea.

Figure 15.27c Anatomy of the cochlea.