Fighting the Fighting the WarWar

The Gallipoli The Gallipoli CampaignCampaign

A. Allies want the region of the A. Allies want the region of the Ottoman Empire known as the Ottoman Empire known as the

“ “Dardanelles”Dardanelles”

1. A narrow sea strait1. A narrow sea strait2. Gateway to the capital 2. Gateway to the capital

city of Constantinoplecity of Constantinople3. 3. Objective: Objective: Defeat the Defeat the

Ottoman TurksOttoman Turks4. Defeat will allow the 4. Defeat will allow the

Allies to establish a Allies to establish a supply line to Russiasupply line to Russia

B. G’day MateB. G’day Mate1.1. Allied forces joined by Allied forces joined by

AustraliansAustralians2.2. Turkish troops led by German Turkish troops led by German

officers defend the regionofficers defend the regionC. A BloodyC. A Bloody Stalemate Stalemate

1.1. Fighting begins in February, Fighting begins in February, by May, no advances are by May, no advances are mademade

2.2. Allied forces evacuate as the Allied forces evacuate as the casualty mark reaches casualty mark reaches 250,000250,000

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7eeijbtbnjQhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzzXPkAdQXQ

G’Day, Mate!G’Day, Mate!

Fighting in Fighting in AfricaAfrica

A.A. Allied forces pummel German colonies Allied forces pummel German colonies in Africa and Asiain Africa and Asia

1.1. The Japanese capture Germany’s The Japanese capture Germany’s Pacific island coloniesPacific island colonies

2.2. The English and French assume The English and French assume control of 3 of Germany’s 4 African control of 3 of Germany’s 4 African coloniescolonies

B.B. Allied powers recruit people from their Allied powers recruit people from their colonial possessions to fight in the warcolonial possessions to fight in the war

The U.S. The U.S. Enters the Enters the

WarWarA. Germany announces the A. Germany announces the practice of practice of unrestricted unrestricted submarine warfaresubmarine warfareB. May 15, 1915 – A B. May 15, 1915 – A German U-boat sinks German U-boat sinks the British passenger ship, the British passenger ship, the the LusitaniaLusitania

The Zimmerman The Zimmerman NoteNote

To the German Minister in MexicoBerlin, January 19, 1917

On the first of February we intend to begin submarine warfare unrestricted.  In spite of this, it is our intention to endeavour to keep neutral the United States of America.

If this attempt is not successful, we propose an alliance on the following basis with Mexico: That we shall make war together and together make peace.  We shall give general financial support, and it is understood that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona.  The details are left to you for settlement...

You are instructed to inform the President of Mexico of the above in the greatest confidence as soon as it is certain that there will be an outbreak of war with the United States and suggest that the President of Mexico, on his own initiative, should communicate with Japan suggesting adherence at once to this plan; at the same time, offer to mediate between Germany and Japan.

Please call to the attention of the President of Mexico that the employment of ruthless submarine warfare now promises to compel England to make peace in a few months.Signed, Zimmermann

The Zimmerman The Zimmerman NoteNote

1.1. Forces the United Forces the United States into the States into the war effortwar effort

2.2. Fuels the creation Fuels the creation of propaganda to of propaganda to boost morale and boost morale and support for the support for the warwar

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qgs1KNwpBW4&feature=relmfu

Propaganda and Propaganda and Total WarTotal War

Wait! Where’s Wait! Where’s Russia???Russia???

A. Czar Nicholas is forced to step down from A. Czar Nicholas is forced to step down from powerpower

B. March 1917 – Russian forces withdrawal from B. March 1917 – Russian forces withdrawal from

fighting after 5.5 million Russian soldiers are fighting after 5.5 million Russian soldiers are

wounded, killed or taken prisonerwounded, killed or taken prisoner

C. November 1917 – The Bolshevik Revolution C. November 1917 – The Bolshevik Revolution

1. Turns Russia into a Communist State1. Turns Russia into a Communist State

2. Vladimir Lenin assumes power2. Vladimir Lenin assumes power

D. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk – Lenin agrees D. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk – Lenin agrees

to end war between Russia and Germanyto end war between Russia and Germany

Meanwhile, in Europe

A. The Second Battle of the Marne, July 1918A. The Second Battle of the Marne, July 1918

B.B.Germany advances to within 40 miles of Paris Germany advances to within 40 miles of Paris

and then they begin to crumbleand then they begin to crumble

1. The United States sends 140,000 fresh 1. The United States sends 140,000 fresh troops troops

to counterattack German forcesto counterattack German forces

2. 350 Allied tanks flatten the German lines 2. 350 Allied tanks flatten the German lines

3. The Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria 3. The Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria surrendersurrender

4. An internal revolution in Austria-Hungary 4. An internal revolution in Austria-Hungary

brings them homebrings them home

Can There Be Can There Be Peace?Peace?5. German soldiers begin to revolt against

their leader

a. Kaiser Wilhelm II steps down from power

b. Germany declares itself a Republic

C. November 11, 1918 – France and Germany sign an

armistice (an agreement to end fighting) and World War I comes to a close

• http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/09/10/teaching-world-war-i-with-the-new-york-times/?_r=1

• Technology video• https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=KPT1MKOP8TQ

Lady Germania chained to a torture pole. German political

picture, June 1919