Fighting for the 3rd World
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Transcript of Fighting for the 3rd World
What is the 3rd World? Why is it
important?
TODAY’S TOPICS ABOUT THE 3rd WORLD:1.CIA2.Iran3.Egypt4.Hungary5.Cuba
Winning loyalty of 3rd world
important to Ike
US depended on their natural
resources & markets
#1.
Possible ally against
Soviet expansion
#2.
3rd world resented US wealth
US won friends with $$$ (improve farms,
schools, & medical care)
Both created in 1947 (National Security Act)
National Security Council
Central Intelligence
Agency
Formal definition: Performs functions &
duties related to intelligence affecting national security as the NSC will direct
Spying & covert
operations
Congress permits CIA to spend what they want without telling
anyone but its director
1949
Assassination plots
Hire secret armies
Bribe overseas politicians
IRAN
CIA’s 1st overthrow
attempt
Dr. Mohammed Mossadegh
70 year old PM of Iran
1951
Iran voted to nationalize
its oil fields...
...which were controlled by
a British company
GB shut down oil
refineries & boycotted
Iranian oil (urged
others to do the same)
Iran’s economy:
BAD
What if Mossadegh & Iran look to
the Soviet Union for help?
“Operation AJAX”
We helped put someone else in office!
CIA sent in team that helped
overthrow PM Mossadegh
Shah Mohammed
Reza Pahlavi“Pro-West”
(gave control of oil fields back to
Western companies)
Egypt & The Suez Crisis GB had given control of
Egypt to Egyptian nationalists
1952
1954
Egypt wanted to control the Suez canal,
(links Mediterranean & Red seas)
Aswan Dam
Egypt wanted to build dam
on Nile (electricity &
jobs)US was going to
help fund it, but it fell through
EGYPT...Made an
arms deal with the Soviets
Recognized Communist
China
Seized the Suez Canal (July ‘56)
Oct ‘56France, GB, & Israel sent
troops to Egypt to try & take
back the canal
US did not support this
Because we didn’t want
Egypt to end up in
Communist Bloc
The UN stepped in & persuaded
those involved to returned it to
Egypt
… they were moved
closer to the Soviets!
“US has right to aid any
country in ME that is
threatened by Communist
aggression.”
Hungarian army & protestors ousted
Soviet-controlled gov’t
1956
USSR entered Hungary & restored communist
gov’t
Let’s watch 2 clips on the Suez War &
the Hungarian
Revolution!
1958
Fidel Castro overthrew
gov’t of Cuba
Established a ruthless, pro-Soviet
dictatorship
Bahía de Cochinos
Plan hatched under Ike, but Kennedy was pres.
when it took place
Who? Exiled Cubans in Miami trained by CIA
Why? Spark popular uprising
against Castro & force him out of power
What? Invade Cuba
4 / 17 / 61No uprising occurred & most were captured
1400 poorly trained & ill-supplied
Cubans landed
Soviets won PR war in
Bay of Pigs invasion
They took opportunity to arm Cuba, which
caused the . . .
Oct ‘62
U.S. spy planes saw missile sites in Cuba under construction
Bomb missile sites &
invade Cuba (Too much of
a risk)
#1.
Negotiation (Too much time
for Soviets)#2.
Naval blockade#3.
Removethe missilesfrom Cuba!
Kennedy insisted...
180 warships
B-52 Bombers
with nuclear
weapons
The world waited
Worldwide military
forces on alert
For 13 days, US & USSR faced off in game of nuclear “chicken”
•On Oct. 28, the Soviets blinked!
•Kruschchev
agreed to remove missiles •US missiles in
Turkey?