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Pakistan Central Cotton Committee Ministry  of  Food  &  Agriculture

23-­‐‑25  February,  2011

Fifth Meeting of ICAC’s Asian Cotton R&D Network

Cotton Research & Development Programme in Pakistan

Muhammad Arshad (Vice-President)

Historical Background

5000 BC Desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum)

1905 Research on American upland

cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

1914 Upland cotton cultivation started

2009 Upland cotton grown on 99% area

Ø  Value Addition in Agri. 8.6%

Ø  Employment 40%

Ø  Export/Forex 60%

Ø  Source of Edible Oil 64%

Economic Significance of Cotton Cotton Map of Pakistan

Iran India

Arabian Sea

Afghanistan

Disputed Territory

China

Punjab : 70 % Sindh : 30 %

Cotton and Textiles Growth Pattern Factors 1947-48 2009-10 Increase

Area (Million-hectares) 1.23 3.12 +154%

Production (Million-bales) 1.16 12.7 +995%

Yield (Kg/hectare) 160 692 +333%

Number of Ginneries 31 1007 +3148%

Number of Textile Mills 2 458 +22800%

Mill Consumption (Mill-bales) 0.04 15 +37400%

Yarn Production (Million-Kg) 6.2 2290 +36835%

Cloth Production (Mill.Sq.M) 29.5 925 +3036%

Pakistan’s Position in the World of Cotton Areas Percent Rank

Production 9.5 4th

Consumption 10.0 3rd

Yarn Production 9.0 3rd

Yarn Export 26.0 2nd

Cloth Production 7.0 3rd

Cloth Export 14.0 3rd

Source: International Cotton Advisory Committee, Washington D.C., USA

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Cotton Production Scenario

0 2 4 6 8

10 12 14 16

1947 1982 1983 1991 1993 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

1.1

4.8

2.9

12.8

8.0

10.9 10.2 10.0

14.6 13.0

13.0 11.6

12.1 12.7

Prod

uctio

n (M

. Bal

es)

Cotton Research System of Pakistan

Ø  A. Public Sector – Federal & Provincial government

Ø  B. Private Sector – Multinational & National Companies

A. Federal Cotton R&D Organisations:

1. Pakistan Central Cotton Committee (PCCC):

CCRI: Multan & Sakrand

CRS: Sahiwal & Bahawalpur, Ghotki & Mirpurkhas, D.I.Khan, Sibbi

2. Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC):

Nuclear Institute for Agriculture & Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Punjab

National Institute for Biotec. & Gen. Eng. (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Punjab

Nuclear Institute for Agriculture (NIA), Tandojam

Cotton Research System of Pakistan (2)

Provincial Governments:

CRI: AARI, Faisalabad

CRS: Vehari, Multan & R.Y.Khan

Centre of Excellence for Molecular Biotechnology

University of Agriculture, Faisalabad

Cotton Section, ARI, Tandojam, Sindh

Sindh University of Agriculture, Tandojam

Cotton Section, ARI, D.I.Khan, KPK

Cotton Section, ARI, Quetta, Balochistan

Cotton Production Target in Pakistan 2010-11

Province Area (Ml. ha.)

Production (Ml. bales)

Yield (Kg/ha.)

Punjab 2.50   9.70   660  

Sindh 0.65   4.20   1098  

NWFP 0.01   0.01   170  

Balochistan 0.04   0.10   425  

Pakistan 3.20   14.01   744  

Cotton Production in Pakistan 2010-11

Province Area (Ml. ha.)

Production (Ml. bales)

Yield (Kg/ha.)

Punjab 2.125 7.727 618

Sindh 0.453 3.754 1409

Pakistan 2.627 11.381 736

Co*on  Flood  Damages  2010-­‐11  

Province   Area  Sown  Area  

Damaged   Percentage  Total  Losses  

(Million  acres)   (%)   ($Million)  

Punjab   6.302   0.860   13.65  %   558.04  

Sindh   1.395   0.487   34.91  %   361.74  

KPK   0.025   -­‐   -­‐   -­‐  

B.tan   0.099   0.006   6%   2.30  

Pakistan   7.821   1.353   17.30  %   922.08  

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Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) Incidence 2010

Province Areas Incidence Level

Punjab Multan, Shuja Abad, Jalalpur P.W., Vehari, Mailsi, Burewala, Pak Patten, Arifwala, Jhang, Shorkot, T.T. Singh, Gojra, Kamalia

100 %

Kabirwala, Bahawalnagar, Chishtian, 80~90 %

Lodhran, Dunya Pur, Kehror Pacca, Chichawatni, Okara, Depalpur, Hasilpur,, Sumandri, Fasialabad

60~80 %

Bahawalpur, Haroonabad, Fort Abbas, Mianwali Patches

Sindh   Hyderabad,   Therparker,   Mirpurkhas   and   Umerkot,   Ghotki   ,  Hala  

Patches  

KPK   D.I.Khan,  Kohat   Patches  

B.tan   Sibbi,  Khuzdar,  Lasbela   Patches  

Cotton Pests Situation in Punjab Sr. Pest Percent Hot Spots

2009 2010 1. Whitefly 4.39 7.11 2. Jassid 4.05 4.63 3. Thrips 0.00 0.00 4. Mealybug 13.12 8.78 5. Mites 0.00 0.00 6. Spotted Bollworm 0.20 0.86 7. Pink Bollworm 0.00 0.32 8. American Bollworm 0.00 0.00 9. Armyworm 14.11 7.49

Source: Weekly Pest Scouting Report for the 4th week of October 2010 (PWQC, Lahore)

National Cotton Variety Evaluation System of PCCC

Name of Trial No.of entries National Coordinated Varietal Trials (NCVT) 20

National Coordinated Bt Cotton Trials (NCBT) 26

National Coordinated Bt Hybrid Cotton Trials (NCHBT) 5

National Coordinated Bt Hybrid Cotton Trials with Bollgard-II technology (NCHBT-II) Monsanto Hybrids

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Total entries 60

Number of Locations 17

Cotton Travelling Seminar Punjab & Sindh

Cotton Variety Evaluation Committee (VEC) Recommendations to provinces

Recommended Varieties 2010-11 Province   ConvenNonal   Bt  

Punjab   CIM-­‐496,  CIM-­‐506,    CIM-­‐473,  CIM-­‐499,    MNH-­‐786,  CRSM-­‐38,    NIAB-­‐846,  NIAB-­‐777,    

BH-­‐160    

FH-­‐113,  Neelum-­‐121,    Sitaara-­‐008,  MG-­‐6,    

Ali-­‐Akbar-­‐703,    Ali-­‐Akbar-­‐802,  NIBGE-­‐IR-­‐1524,  NIBGE-­‐IR-­‐3701,  

GN-­‐2085  

Sindh   CRIS-­‐134,  CRIS-­‐121    CRIS-­‐342,  CIM-­‐496,    CIM-­‐534,  Sindh-­‐1,    Sadori,  NIAB-­‐78,    

BH-­‐160    

FH-­‐113,  IR  FH-­‐901,    Neelum-­‐121,  Sitaara-­‐008,    MG-­‐6,    Ali-­‐Akbar-­‐703,      Ali-­‐Akbar-­‐802,  IR-­‐1524,    

IR-­‐3701      

Cotton Research Priorities

Ø  Control of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) through breeding and crop management

Ø  Development of commercial cotton hybrids Ø  Development of Genetically Modified cotton Ø  Development of Heat, Insect, Salinity & Drought

resistant/tolerant Ø  Development of early maturing varieties Ø  Evolution of long and extra long staple cotton varieties Ø  Focus on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Ø  Promotion of ‘Organic Cotton’ Ø  Up gradation of research system at federal and

provincial level

COTTON VISION-2015

“Production of 19.1 million bales of cotton by the year 2015, to become a key force in worldwide cotton and textile market place with high production of contamination free, uniform and graded cotton”

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Target  Co*on  Vision-­‐2015  Sr Parameters 2009 2015 Increase (%)

1 Cotton Production (Million Bales)

12 19.1 37

2 Lint Yield (Kg/hectare)

694 976 29

3 Mill Consumption (Million Bales)

15 19 21

4 Improved Yarn Recovery Rate*

(Percent)

84 92 9

*by clean/contamination free cotton

30-50% 2-10% 0-5% 172-225%

Roadmap to Cotton Vision 2015

Current Status-2010

Farm/Crop Management

Land Gain

Post harvest losses 11 MB

> 19.1 MB

40-60%

Germplasm Improvement

100%

+ +

+ +

Area of Impact

Targets 2015

Challenges Experienced

►  Climate change effects ►  Continuous infestation of ‘Cotton Leaf Curl Virus’ ►  Emergence of Cotton Mealy bug during 2005-06

damaged cotton crop to the tune of around 2 million bales

►  Introduction of Bt cotton ►  Lack of Plant breeders’ rights ►  Cotton zoning issues ►  Cotton quality issues

Achievements

►  Sustained cotton production around 12 million bales despite various calamities

►  Commercialization of improved conventional varieties ►  Commercialization of Bt varieties ►  MOUs with Monsanto and other agencies for the

development of Bt cotton varieties ►  Quality seed increased ►  Managed Cotton Mealy bug through biological control ►  Propagated IPM through skill development ►  Mass awareness for clean picking ►  Strengthening of cotton R&D infrastructure at federal and

provincial levels

Future Prospects

►  Mass cultivation of approved Bt cotton - enhanced cotton productivity and reduced pesticides

►  Strengthening of varietal development programmes using conventional and biotech techniques

►  Capacity building in cotton biotechnology ►  Cotton R&D projects to address special issues ►  Acquisition of next generation Bt technology ►  Cotton promotion in new areas of Baluchistan,

Punjab and KPK ►  Strengthening of PCCC ►  Promotion of private sector: P-P Partnership

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Cotton Market Prices 2010-11 Sr Market Particulars Current

Prices Last Year

1 Cotlook Index (A-Index)

18-2-2011 233.50 81.70

2 New York Futures March-2011 197.02 76.97

May-2011 194.93 78.13

3 China Cotton Index Yuan/Mt 30.251 14,892

Cents/lb 208.36 98.94

4 Karachi Cotton Association (Spot Rate) Ex-Gin Price

Rs/40kg 12,646 5,358

Rs/Maund 11,500 5,000

Cents/lb

167.84 71.53

5 Domestic Seed Cotton (Phutti) Prices = 4800-5500/40kg vs 2400-2600 (Last Year)

* Source: PCCC, Karachi

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Thanks

Seed increase of germplasm

Sentinel screening plots

Pak-US CLCV Initiatives

Identify new disease resistant lines

Trainings, workshops

Improve capacity of technical experts

Integration of resistance into

cultivars

Provide start for Pakistani in situ

germplasm collection

Development of mapping

populations

Screening mapping populations

Mapping and DNA marker development

Improved integrated and collaborative operational

structure between Pakistani agencies  

Improved institutional

structure and capacity  

Human resource

development  

Adapt and implement

new CLCuV monitoring methods  

Monitoring for changes in CLCuV and identification

of key regions  

Improved methods for

CLCuV monitoring  

Testing transgenic control

approaches

Within Pakistan

Tools to battle CLCuV

Primarily U.S.A. objective/deliverable

Primarily Pakistani objective/deliverable

Primarily joint objective/deliverable

Research Components Capacity Development