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Transcript of Fifth Framework Program
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Aid in the management and European comparisonof Municipal Solid WASte Treatment methods
for a global and sustainable approach
Fifth Framework Program
University of Stuttgart
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
WP 1 - Waste Matter Aspects:Characterisation and Data Processing
Roland Fehringer
Vienna University of Technology
Institute for Water Quality and Waste Management
http://www.iwa.tuwien.ac.at
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Three Messages
Use the method material flow analysis (MFA)
Use different approaches to determine waste composition
Keep in mind the whole system
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
What is MFA?
system boundary
P C
Rstock
I
R W
E1
E2
P
Assessment of flows and stocks in a defined systembased on the mass balance principle
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Why MFA ?
Rigid method: input = output + stock Easily understandable Transparent results 25 years experience Incorporation into jurisdiction
Delivers clear and comparable results MFA is a powerful tool for co-ordination that
guarantees that the work of all partners can be linked together
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
AWAST System - Level 1
collection& transport
of waste(CT)
wasteOWP
system boundary "AWAST"
other wasterelevant pro-cesses (OWP)
private house-hold (PHH)
trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)
wasteTIBS
(recycling)productswaste
PHH
importedwaste
residues
emissionsCT
resourcesCT
untreatedwaste
pretreatedwaste
treatedwaste
waste totreatment
emissionsTW
neighbouringregion (NR)
treatmentof waste
(TW)
transportof treatedwaste (T)
landfill(L)
suppliesTW
resourcesTW
emissionsT
resourcesT
emissionsL
resourcesL
environment(ENV)
environment(ENV)
environment(ENV)
environment(ENV)
environment(ENV)
environment(ENV)
environment(ENV)
environment(ENV)
trade, industry,buseiness, service
(TIBS)
trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)
suppliesCT
suppliesL
trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)
suppliesT
trade, industry,business, service
(TIBS)
trade, industry,business, service(TIBS)
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
AWAST System - Levels
WP4 COLLECTION WP5 BIOLOGICAL T. WP6 THERMAL T.
PLANT
LINK
OVERVIEW
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Mixed Waste Matrix
mass flux share water content Cl Cd[kg/(cap.a)] [g/100g of m.w.] [g/kg of m.w.]wet basis wet basis wet basis
wood 6 2 6 20 0,0 paper 75 25 50 560 0,4 glass 21 7 2 48 0,1 ferrous metals 9 3 2 20 0,0 nonferrous metals 3 1 1 24 0,3 plastics 33 11 13 4.840 2,9 textiles 9 3 4 144 0,3 organic waste 90 30 195 788 0,1
others (bulky waste, inert materials, batteries, etc.) 54 18 81 495 2,0 total 300 100 353 6.937 6,1
mixed waste(m.w.)
[mg/kg m.w.]wet basis
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Methods to determine waste composition
production consump-tion waste
wastetreatment
(WT)
WTproducts
direct analysis
analysis by
market research
analysis of waste
treatment products
products
2b 1 32a
analysis of
household statistics
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Example: Paper in MSW
Source: Die Österreichische Papierindustrie 1996, ARO Report 1996
[kg/c.y]
import 73wastepaper191
import 93
export 368
86consum-
ption179re
cycl
ing
118 export 13
libraries,archives, etc. ?
ind. 81
HH 50
MSW 48
production454
wastepaper131
• production
• export
• import
• recycling
• amount of MSW
data requirement
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Analysis of Waste Treatment Products
Knowledge: Transfer functions for treated waste and substance (Cd)
Concentration of substance (Cd) in filter ash
off gas (0,71)
bottom ash (0.23)
filter cake (<0.01)
waste water (<0.01)
filter ash (0.02)
scrap (0,03)
off gas (<0,01)
bottom ash (0.09)
filter cake (<0.01)
waste water (<0.01)
filter ash (0.90)
house
hold
wast
e (
1)
house
hold
wast
e (
1)
cad
miu
m
waste
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Analysis of Waste Treatment Products
Source: SGP-VA
Off-gas
Waste Water
Filter Cake
Scrap Metal
Bottom Ash
Filter-Ash
Boiler Ash
WaterAlkaline Process WaterAcidic Process Water
H2O
MSW
FURNACE BOILER ESP FLUE GAS CLEANING DENOX
WASTE WATERTREATMENT
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Decision support by MFA
Consumption
Incineration Landfill
40 160
Packaging view
Consumption
Recycling Incineration Landfill
80 70 600
Waste management view
Consumption
Recycling Incineration Landfill
80 20 100
Packaging ordinance view
Consumption
Recycling Incineration Landfill
1150
80 70 600
+600
+400
Materials management view
Plastics / plastics packaging [1.000 t/a]
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Organisation of WP 1
Leader IWA, Vienna University of Technology (22 months)
Contributions Resource Management Agency (11) BRGM (3) University of Stuttgart (2)
Duration January 2000 till September 2002
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Objectives and results of WP 1
Results
AWAST system
3 methodswaste matrix
MFA manual
Still going on
Objectives
o To define the data structure
o To characterise the waste input
o Guidelines for the use of MFA
o Transfer of know-how
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Conclusions
Use the method MFA
Use different approaches to determine the waste composition
Keep in mind the whole system
AWAST final meeting - Brussels - 1-3 december 2003
Outlook
The application of the Simulator and the use of the MFA Handbook give us a fundament to
describe waste management systemscompare these uniform systems
With that knowledge we can learn why a waste management system (of a city, region) is successful.
Now we can describe the waste management system. In the future we have to evaluate and control it.