Field work on policy : Rural challenge.
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Transcript of Field work on policy : Rural challenge.
WHERE WERE WE?
Economy
Largely cattle raring and agricultural
Small Land Holdings (1.5 Biga Average)
Migratory youth
Mineral rich: Rampant granite mining in Mandal
WHERE WERE WE?
Socio- Cultural
Conservative
Caste Rigidity
Restricted social mobility
Patriarchy
Largely uneducated population
WHERE WERE WE?
Political
Caste politics
Dynastic politics
Limited interface between the state and people
WHY WERE WE THERE?
As civil society agents:
To partake in the grievance redress process To raise awareness on the RTH To collectivize workers to save NREGA
As students:
To study functioning of policies For Rural Appraisal
HOW DID WE DO IT?
Travelled on foot: ‘Pad Yatra’
Went house to house interacting and spreading awareness
Conducted village meetings
Rural experience as participants and observers
Conducted public hearings at the end of each yatra
Reflect on welfare policies aimed at rural
development in relation to the grievance redress
system.
Place specific policies in the developmental
paradigm
Apply policy analysis tools to review policy
performance and suggest future policy reforms.
Right to Education
Desired
Policy Target:
Making
primary
education a
fundamental
right for all
children in the
age group 6-14
Poor infrastructure
Extremely high student-teacher ratio
Non implementation of prescribed standards in
midday meal
Socio-cultural obstacles e.g. child marriage
KUNWAR KA BADIA DUNGELA
Universal, rights-based legislation essential for
development of human-capital
Appropriate management of resources
Take in account other socio-economic-cultural
problems to be able to comprehensively address the
issue
Desired Policy Target:
To provide public financial assistance to women
above 55 years of age and men above 58 years
of age within the economic capacity of the
state.
Several leakages observed
Integrated auto upgrading non-existent
Required to produce too many documents
Long, tedious and expensive process
Case study of
Meera Devi:
PPO/Bank receipt
was asked along
with a new
application.
The only universal scheme with the potential to
support the elderly.
Need to emphasize on oral modes of
communication as opposed to written
Need to increase awareness on entitlements
Desired Policy Target:
Providing financial assistance for the
construction of dwelling units for households
under the Central BPL
Assistance given in stages
Money provided is not sufficient
Long waiting list
Skewed eligibility criteria
Targeting leads to marginalisation of the
deserving people due to rigid eligibility
criteria
MGNREGA
Desired Policy
Target:
Poorest
marginalized
households with no
alternative means of
employment.
Engaged women and old-people
Minimal amount trickling down to the poorest
No asset creation
People rarely finish 100 days of work
Mixed response to its dilution (case study)
Mandal Raipur
• Dependent on cattle-rearing/agriculture
• Migration – limited to few women and old people
• Problems in implementation
• Dependent entirely on manual labour, no land holdings
• Popular among men, women and the aged
• Relatively better implementation but no alternative anyway
Crucial rights-based legislation for people with no
alternative means of employment
Effective distributive policy that empowers villages
with a significant influx of funds
Empowerment tool
Dilutes difference between the policy and it’s implementation – conspicuous absence of awareness
Building a comprehensive policy that does not address issues in isolation but integrates them. For example: building houses under NREGA, instead of separate housing and employment schemes
Desired Policy Target:
Development in rural India seen largely from the lens
of infrastructure development
Provision of basic infrastructural facilities to all
people residing in rural India
NREGA: no asset creation
Absence of Electricity
Absence of gravel roads
Lack of Sanitation and clean drinking water
Intends to universalize basic infrastructure amenities
that are crucial to improvement of human life.
Inflexible policies tend to exclude vast numbers of
population from acquiring basic facilities. Ex. 1 hand
pump per 250 people
Does not universalize basic amenities
A NON-
FUNCTIONING
HAND PUMP IN
JENA VILLAGE
IN MOTA KA
KHEDA
PANCHAYAT. THE
ONLY HAND
PUMP IN THE
ENTIRE
VILLAGE.
Grievance redress only the first step to effective policy implementation!