Field report of Nummal And Chichali gorge

8/19/2019 Field report of Nummal And Chichali gorge

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[Type the document subtitle] | Fahad

Field report

Submitted to:

Dr.Mona Lisa

Submitted by:

Saad Usman

Roll no:

39

Quaid-e-Azam uniersity

!slamabad

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"able o# $ontent

Acknowledgement 1

Abstact 2

Objective 3

Salt Range 4

Divisaion of salt range 5

List of observed featres !

"ree #ormation $

Sekasar #ormation $ %ammal #ormation &

'atala #ormation (

Lock)art #ormation 1*

+ang #ormation 11

Lams)iwal formation 12

,)ic)ali #ormation 13

Samana Sk #ormation 14

S)inwari #ormation 15

Datta #ormation 1!

2nd da- of field tri. 1$

/argal #ormation 1$

,))idr #ormation 1&

"ianwali #ormation 1(

0ridian #ormation 1(

igriali formation 2*

Refernces 22

,onclsion 23

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First of all I am very grateful to Almighty Allah who gave me courage tocomplete this field report well in time. After that I will definitely say that ourteacher / instructors helped us a lot in attaining the goals that wereselected for the students during the salt range held on 27 th – 29th Novemer 2!"#. I convey the message that understanding the earth ise$citing% and that it enriches and hightens our sense of awareness of theworld around us.

A tas& such as this one is impossile to complete without the help ande$pertise of many people. 'eachers encouraged and advise us at everystep of the way. 'heir e$pertise &ept us motivated and ensured that wemade it a pleasurale e$perience.

(ur teachers )r. Aamir Ali% )r. Anwar *adir and )r 'ou+eer , whoguided us through many of the memers% formations and groups of thesalt range. -e greatly appreciate the impressive s&ills of our teachers. Ialso ac&nowledge the )epartment of arth ,ciences that helped a lot inarranging the field for us.

I feel pleasure to say than&s to my venerated teachers ,ir ,hahid I+al%,ir amil ,idi+ue and ,ir Amir .'heir supervision and support that theygave truly help the progression and smoothness of the field program.I can0t neglect my eloved parents for their prayers and guidance at everystep of my life and was a constant sourse of my inspiration.. 1ast ut not

least I would li&e to than& my class fellows.

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ABSTRACT

)epartment of arth ,ciences *uaideA3am 4niversity arranged a field

trip of three days for 5sc 2nd semester on Novemer 27%2!"# to

Novemer 29% 2!"# to 6hichali orge and 5ianwali orge which are

located near 5ianwali.

(ur field to salt range was to recogni3ed and understand variouslithologies% structures% fossils in the sedimentary strata ranging from the6amrian to recent age of the geological time scale.

I definitely have done my est 8o in preparing this report and achievingthe goals through the ever est help of my teachers.

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0)e objective for t)at field tri. was to std- and observe t)e Lit)olog-

de.ositional conditions Sedimentar- strctres rock t-.es contact and fossils of

t)at area Also )ow to find t)e di. and strike

Anot)er objective or field to en)ance or knowledge and to strong or gri. on

Stratigra.)- sbject es.eciall- to concentrate on geolog- of salt range and

%ammal gorge and to std- t)e strctres Lit)olog- de.ositional environments

rock t-.es and economical im.ortance of different formations

n t)is we deal wit) .rimar- and secondar- featres e.osed in t)e area namel-

6 ,ross bedding6 #olds

6 Ri..le marks

6 "d cracks

6 #ossil record

6 %odles

6 7nderstanding of environmental condition from fossils or some ot)er

featres

6 St-lolite

SAL" RA%&'

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"a. of Salt Range

Diision o# salt ran(e:

Salt range is a big fold t can be divided into t)ree .art

1 ;astern salt range

2 /estern salt range

3 ,entral salt range

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819 ;ast salt range is called


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F)RMA"!)%S !% ,!,AL! &)R&':

MURR'' F)RMA"!)%:

0)e name


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t)rog)ot its etent is cream color to gre- color 0)e c)aracteristics featre of Sakesar

formation is nodlar form i6e limestone is in nodlar form not in )ori?ontal bed

0)e lower contact wit) t)e %ammal #ormation is conformable n eastern salt range t)e ..er

contact wit) ,)orgali formation is conformable0)e Sakesar #ormation is re.orted to )ave been de.osited in o.en marinecarbonate

de.ositional environment

A(e: t is dated as ;arl- ;ocene

/%odular stru$ture in S0esar #ormation1

/Marine and $ontinental sediment $onta$t1

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%AMMAL F)RMA"!)%:

0)e term %ammal formation )as been formall- acce.ted b- Stratigra.)ic

committee of 'akistan for t)e


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/Fossils in patala #ormation1

/Sli$0ensides in 2atala #ormation1

L),AR" L!M'S")%':

Davies introdced t)e name


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/Lo$0art Limestone1

,A%&U F)RMA"!)%:

0)e name +ng formation was formali?ed b- Stratigra.)ic committee of

'akistan 81($39for


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/Limestone 4it $oal1 /Limestone 4it sulper1

LAMS,!5AL F)RMA"!)%:

:ee 81(459 .ro.osed t)e name


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SAMA%A SU F)RMA"!)%:

0)e name Samana Sk is derived from t)e .eek of t)is name in t)e Samana range 0)e name

isetended to inclde


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S,!%A5AR! F)RMA"!)%:

0)e name S)inawari formation was introdced after t)e village of t)is name in

western .art of Samana Range b- #atmi 81(!49 Davis called t)ese beds as lowestSamana beds ,otteer 1(33 ado.ted t)e name lower .art of ioto limestone

Danilc)ik and S)a) 1(!$ sed t)e name ..er transitional beds of Datta#ormation

0)e formation consists 0)e limestone is gre- s)ale is also gre- and sandstone is

w)ite to lig)t gre- Sedimentar- strctre sare .resent in la-ers

A(e: 0)e age of formation is regarded as ;arl- Brassic

/Limestone in Sin4ari Formation1

1$


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DA""A F)RMA"!)%:

0)e name Datta formation was introdced b- Danilc)ik 81(!1 9 and S)a) 81(!$9 to

re.lace t)e name


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!%"R)DU"!)%:

On 2(t) %ovember 2*15 we leave or sta- .oint < +otel S)e)?ad= at sar. $>45

am to visit t)e


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/Limestone 4it #ossil1 /ert %odules1

CHIDRU FORMATION:

0)e name


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/Stri0e and Dip measurements1 /Lime stone in idru #ormation1

M!A%5AL! F)RMA"!)%:

0)e name "ianwalli Series was sed b- &ee and later modified b-mmel81(!!9 into a formation

mainl- consists of marl limestone sandstone siltstone and dolomite

0)e lower contact of t)e formation wit) t)e ,))idr #ormation of Late'ermian age w)ereas its ..er contact wit) t)e

overl-ing 0redian #ormation is s)ar. and well defined

0)e formation consists of following t)ree members

• at)wai "ember

• "ittiwali "ember

• %armia "ember

Ammonites are t)e t-.ical fossils of t)is formation

A(e: 0)e age assigned to t)e formation is ;arl- 0riassic

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/onta$t in Mian4ali #ormation1 /Fossils 2resered in te ro$0 body1

"redian Formation:

0)e name


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!%&R!AL! F)RMA"!)%:

0)e name


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Re#eren$es:

1 :eolSrv"emv55..!3

2 :eolSrv Ress C!&.t1..115612*

3 0)e :eological Srve- of 'akistan8Colme 229

4 Stratigra.)- of 'akistan6 b- S" bra)im S)a)

5 Danilc)ik / 1(!1 0)e ron formation of Srg)ar and western Salt

Range "ianwali District

! :ee ;R1(35 Recent observation on t)e ,ambrian se@ence of t)e'njab Salt range> ndia

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on$lusion:

/it) t)e :race of Alla) Almig)t- 80)e most mercifl and beneficent9 )ave

com.leted m- t)is re.ort of Salt range field

/e seek a alot from t)e field tri. we learn man- met)ods )el.fl in std- t)e

geolog- and geo.)-sics of an area /e std- man- formation of salt range and

observed different lit)ologies inde featres mark nconformities and contacts

/e also gat)er a lot of sam.les of fossils and rocks from different formations

0)is all credit goes to m- dear .arents res.ected teac)ers and fellows w)o alwa-s

remember me in t)eir .ra-ers gided me w)ile doing t)is tog) job want tot)ank t)em all

Field report of Nummal And Chichali gorge

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Transcript of Field report of Nummal And Chichali gorge