Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels
Transcript of Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels
![Page 1: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Fiber Optic Sensing System
Demonstration on Pressure VesselsJefferson Brand III
April 9, 2016
Mechanical Engineering
Frank Pena – NASA AERO Institute.
Fiber Optics Lab
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
www.nasa.gov
![Page 2: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Your Title Here 2
Background• Born in Alexandria, MN
• Attended Robotics Club at South Dakota State University (SDSU)
• A Formal Activities Chair for American Society of Mechanical Engineers at SDSU, 2013 to 2014
• Graduated from SDSU with a Bachelors in Mechanical Engineering in May 2014
• Interned at four organizations:
University of Minnesota: Morris, MN, Summer of 2010
Gryodata: Houston, TX, Summer of 2012
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center: Greenbelt, MD, Summer of 2013 and 2014
With help from the North Dakota Space Grant, NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center:
Palmdale, CA, Spring 2015
• Currently working as a contractor at Snap-On Tools in Algona, IA
![Page 3: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Fiber Optic Sensing System (FOSS)
• FOSS is a system that uses lasers to detect Strain in the fibers
• Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG) in the fibers at regular intervals
• FBG change index of refraction and grating planes when fiber is experiences strain
• The laser transmitted through the grating
• A small wave length of the laser is reflected back
• The reflected wave length is then measured
• Allows for measurement the elongation of the fiber
• Is applied for strain gauges on aircraft
• Is currently being tested to detect fluid levels at different temperatures
Your Title Here 3
![Page 4: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Fiber Bragg Grating
Your Title Here 4
Figure 1: Reflected and transmitted light through a Bragg grating (1)
![Page 5: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Statement of The Problem
• The Pail in Figure 2. is created to test the
FOSS systems on a containers which would
be later used in demonstration
• The demonstration requires interaction to
show the FOSS sensor reading
• Minimum protection with the fibers
• Make a system that would restrict the
participants contact with the pressure vessel
Your Title Here 5
Figure 2: Original Pail
![Page 6: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Objectives
• To demonstrate the Fiber Optic Sensing System (FOSS) capabilities with a pressure vessel
• Allow participants to increase and decrease pressure inside a pressure vessel
• Have a system that would allow participants interact with the vessel through two controlled
devices
• Create a map of the sensors for the new pressure vessel with FBG fiber
• Safety devices that would prevent failure of the pressure vessel or damage the FBG fiber
Your Title Here 6
![Page 7: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Proposal
• To make a system that uses pneumatic valves to allow air pressure to increase or decrease
inside the pressure vessel
• The pressure controls of the system are two, two stage (open or close) air direction mechanical
operated valves that can return to close automatically.
• FOSS system integrated on the pressure vessel to demonstrate the abilities of the FOSS for
pressure containers
• A pressure relief valve to prevent future damages to the FOSS system’s fiber optics and
pressure vessel
Your Title Here 7
![Page 8: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Proposed design
Your Title Here 8
Output
Input
Adjustable
pressure
release
valve
Pressure
vessel
Air Compressor
![Page 9: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantage:
• Physical contact has been reduced to two levers from the valves
• Can connect to an air compressor that is available at current facility
• Programming is not needed for pressure control
• Pressure relief valve to control the Max pressure allowed in the pressure vessel
Disadvantage:
• No visible pressure gauge
• Pressure vessel not designed to hold pressure or minimum pressure
• Compressor output pressure need regulation
• Needs an external air supply
Your Title Here 9
![Page 10: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Changes to the design
• A air tank has been added to make the system portable to power scarce locations
• FBG has been added to the air tank
• Programs had been created to map the sensors on the tank
• A program has been created to indicate operator when the pressure inside the pressure vessel
is at critical levels
• The input directional valve been replaces with a ball valve and a flow regulator valve with a
pressure gauge
Your Title Here 10
![Page 11: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Pail (Pressure Vessel)
• UN-Compliant Plastic Shipping Pail with
Opening, Round, Flip-Up Handle, 5 Gallon
Capacity, Blue
• 3 loops of FBG epoxy onto the exterior of
the pail
• FBG protected with a clear tape
• A existing cap from previous pail is used
• Connects to the FOSS system
• Max pressure is small (Unreadable from the
Pressure Gauge)
Your Title Here 11
Figure 3: New Pail With FBG
![Page 12: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Air Tank
• JEGS Performance Products W10005
Portable Air Tank
• Has 2.25 loop of FBG
• Has a protective layer of clear tape for the
FBG
• The hose provided with the tank has been
removed for a slide connect tip
• Has a valve that opens or closes the tank
Your Title Here 12
Figure 3: Air Tank With FBG Fiber
![Page 13: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Pressure Vessel System (With out
compressor)
Your Title Here 13
Figure 4: pressure vessel with hose and valves
![Page 14: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Mapping and Warning Indication
Your Title Here 14
![Page 15: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Pressure Vessel Demonstration
Your Title Here 15
![Page 16: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Air Tank Demonstration
Your Title Here 16
![Page 17: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Results
• A pressure vessel that uses pneumatics to increase or decrease the amount of pressure
• A system that is mobile if needed
• Both the pail and the air tank can be demonstrations of the FOSS system
• The system can indicate if the pressure vessel is going over the recommended strain
• Maps that shows the both thermal and stress induced strain
• Pail’s Max. Pressure is lower that it is unreadable on the pressure gauge
• The system with no FBG: $277.20
Your Title Here 17
![Page 18: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
References
1. Emmons, M., Karnani, S., Trono, S., Mohanchandra, K., Richards, W., & Carman, G. (n.d.).
Strain Measurement Validation of Embedded Fiber Bragg Gratings. International Journal of
Optomechatronics, 22-33.
Your Title Here 18
![Page 19: Fiber Optic Sensing System Demonstration on Pressure Vessels](https://reader033.fdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022042710/6266ca1a64008e53587ce119/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Your Title Here 19
Thanks again for this opportunity in Spring semester
of 2015