FIBER OPTIC (FLAG)

A universal carrier of gigabitInformation for all utilities

FIBER OPTIC (FLAG)

A universal carrier of gigabit information for all utilities

Mohammed Samsher AliMohammed Samsher AliSenior consulting Engineer

(Communication)Zuhair Fayez Partnership Consultant

PAPER OUTLINE

Introduction

Fiber Optic Communication

FLAG (Fiber Optic Link Around the Globe)

Communication need of Private / Public utilities

FLAG Integration scheme for all utilities

SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SCECO/SEC

COMMUNICATION MEDIA

WIRE COMMUNICATION

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

COPPER CABLEFIBER OPTIC CABLESUBMARINE CABLEPOWER LINE

H.F / VHF / UHFMW / SATELLITE / SHF

FREQUENCY SPECTRUMFREQUENCY SPECTRUM

STANDARD FCC ALLOCATIONVLF/LF/MF/HF/VHF/UHF/SHF/ehf(Radio-MW, SW, VHF Radio, TV, Cellular (GSM), Mobile and Fixed

Satellite, Millimeter Radio Distribution)

NEED FOR HIGHER BANDWIDTHHigh Speed LAN, Real Time Video,High Definition TV, Multimedia,

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONSYSTEM

INTRODUCTIOINTRODUCTIONN

TRANSMITTEREncoder, Optical Transmitter

RECEIVEROptical Receiver, Decoder

REPEATERSInvention of LASER in 1960,

TYPES OF FIBERMono-mode, Multi-mode,Step Index, Graded Index

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONSYSTEM

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGESVery Large Information BandwidthHigh Immunity to InterferenceNegligible Cross TalkCompletely Electrical IsolationNo FCC Regulation, No Need of LicensingExcellent Mode for Digital TransmissionNo easy to tap or eavesdropLarger Repeater SpacingLight weight, Cheaper, Flexible ease of HandlingNon Reactive to Nuclear Radiation

Longer Life Expectancy.Cabling possible along the same transmission Line

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATIONSYSTEM

DISADVANTAGESDISADVANTAGES

Were related to Repeaters,Connectors, Splicing etc. Now - Hardly Anything to name.

COMMUNICATION NEED OF ALL UTILITIES

BASIC NEEDBASIC NEEDADMINISTRATIVE ,OPERATIONAL ,CURRENT SCENARIO(High BandwidthDemand)

ORGANIZATIONS LIKEORGANIZATIONS LIKEPOWER(SCECO/SEC),OIL(SAUDI ARAMCO)BANK (NCB, SBB, RB etc.)

MEDIUMS USEDMEDIUMS USEDEXCLUSIVE (HF ,VHF ,MW ,SAT ,F.O ETC)LEASED / DDN - PTT or PUBLIC AGENCIES

Power Sector Communication

BASIC CONCEPTBASIC CONCEPT

Since 1920 used by US power utilitiesVoice ,Protective relaying ,Telemetering ,Load Dispatching

SELECTION CRITERIASELECTION CRITERIA

PLCC is the backboneJudicious mix of Digital Microwaveand Fiber Optic CommunicationSatellite CommunicationLeased Lines from PTT

POWER SECTOR COMMUNICATION

PLC COMPONENTSPLC COMPONENTS Terminal Equipment (Tx ,Rx ,Associated Components) Coupling Equipment (WT ,CC,LMU ,) High Voltage System( T.L ,S/S ,ControlCenters)

ADVANTAGES / DISADVANTAGESADVANTAGES / DISADVANTAGESAdvantagesAdvantages - Reliable ,Cheapest ,Controlled by user not by third party,No FCC licensing ,Versatile and Viable

DisadvantagesDisadvantages - Limited frequency (50 - 500 kHz) ,Bandwidth Limitation ,Susceptibleto impulse noise ,Interference ,Sensitive to climatic

variations

FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION IN POWER UTILITIES

FIBER GENERATIONFIBER GENERATION1st Generation-850nm, Graded Index, used for Inter-City 2nd Generation(in 1983)- 1330n, Mono-mode with Higher BW and Lower Attenuation. 3rd Generation (in 1989)- 1550nm, Dispersion Shifted Fiber

CABLE TYPES and INSTALLATIONCABLE TYPES and INSTALLATIONOPGW (Optical Fiber incorporated in the Ground Wire)

WA ( Optical Fiber Cable Wrapped Around the Ground Wire)

MFSS (Metal Free Self Supporting)

OPGW in Power Sector

FIBER CABLES FOR POWER UTILITIES

FOPU

FUTURE TRENDSFUTURE TRENDS Advancement in Optical Amplifier,SolidState LASER Diodes with

antireflection Coating, Erbium Doped Optical Amplifiers for 1550nm,Using G.653 DSF RepeatersAdvantage Over the Cable/Co-axial cable medium.ADVANTAGES

All Advantages of Fiber OpticCommunication Cheaper, Reliable,Dedicated and Secured.

SUBMARINE CABLES

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONAncient Origin, Copper Telephone Cables / Co-axial

Cables GENERATION SEA - ME - WE(South-East Asia,Middle East, Western Europe-1) Started in June 1986, the SEA-ME-WE-2 and now SEA-ME-WE-3, with 36,000Km, 40 Landing Points.

FOG(Fiber Optic Gulf)- 1300Km, Submarine F.O. Cable,5 Gbits, for Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar and UAE.

FLAG( Fiber Optic Link Around the Globe)PROJECT OXYGEN ( Recent Origin)

FLAG (FIBER OPTIC LINK AROUNDTHE GLOBE

FLAG (FIBER OPTIC LINK AROUNDTHE GLOBE

FLAG

EXISTING TRENDEXISTING TRENDAnalog to Digital,Narrow Band to Wide BandSDH,ISDN and ATMFrame Relay to Gigabit EthernetVoice over DataVideo ConferencingInternet/IntranetOptical AmplificationWDM to Dense WDM

FLAG

CAPABILITIESCAPABILITIESSpans 3 Continents,Links 12 CountriesBoasts 28,000Km, 1,20,000Circuits of 64Kbps6,00,000 simultaneous Conversations in each segment,Based on SDH14 Landing Points in Middle EastNew Segments have 32Gbps over each Fiber PairMajority users are ISPs

FLAG

FUTURE PROJECTSFUTURE PROJECTSNamed as PROJECT OXYGENPlanned for 1,53,000Km in Submarine F.O78 Countries, 98 Landing Points,ATM Architecture with ITU Digital Standard Traffic flow 640 Gbps capacity on each circuitCustomer can purchase/Hire/resale the capacityCompletion of Phase 1 by end of 2003.

COMPARISON OF SUBMARINESYSTEMS

COMPARISON OF SUBMARINE FIBEROPTIC IN ME AND NA

SUBMARINE CABLE

FLAG (GLOBAL SCENARIO)

FLAG (GLOBAL SCENARIO)

FLAG IN MIDDLE EAST

FLAG for Saudi Arabia

E G Y P T

K U W A I TIR A N

S U D A N

A D E N

D J I B O U T I

E R I T R E A

U A E

B A H R A IN

Q A T A R

J E D D A H

F IG - 1 , S U B M A R IN E C A B L E S I N M I D D L E E A S T R E G I O NF IG - 1 , S U B M A R IN E C A B L E S I N M I D D L E E A S T R E G I O N

1

2

3 4

F O GIR A N - U A E

S E A - M E - W E

F L A G

INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

BASIC CONCEPTBASIC CONCEPTHigh - Speed, ultra-high capacity OpticalFiber Network Capable of Transmitting(Audio, Text and video Signal ) BROADBAND ADVANTAGES

INFORMATION SUPERHIGHWAY

PREFERENCE FOR MEDIUM

INTEGRATION TECHNIQUE

PHILOSOPHY OF INTEGRATION

PROPOSED SCHEME

I N T E R F A C E

M O

D U L E

M U L

T I

P L E X E R

L I N E

T E R M I N A

L

EQPT.

SCADA

VOICE/DATA

COMPUTERVFT

PABX

ISDN

PABX

LEASED

D

D

A

A

A

D

A

D

M U L

T I

P L E X E R

I N T E R F A C E

M O D

U L E

L I

N E

T E R M I

N A

L

EQPT.

PR/RTU

SCADA

VOICE/DATA

COMPUTERVFT

PABX

ISDN

PABX

PTT / STC

FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACES

STATION “A”

FIG.2 : PROPOSED SCHEME FOR INTEGRATING POWER UTILITY COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH PRIVATE / PUBLIC UTILITIES.

POWER SUB STATION WITH RTU, COUPLING EQUIPMENT

POWER SUB STATION WITH RTU, COUPLING EQUIPMENT

FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATIONS INTERFACES

STATION “B”

O P G W /WA /

O P G W/ WA /

“LANDING POINT FOR

SAUDI ARABIA”

POWER UTILITY FROM GENERATION OR DISTRIBUTION CENTRE

KUWAIT

SUDAN

ADEN

ETHIOPIA

ERITRA

JEDDAH

FLAG

SCECO/ SEC

STC

D

DA

A

A

D

A

D

PR/RTU

D ANY AGENCY

PUBLIC

USE

SCECO/ SEC

MFSS

MFSS

D

FIBRE OPTICOPGW/WA/,MFSS /CABLEFLAG CABLESEA-ME-WE CABLE

LEGEND:

MAJOR BENEFITS

ADVANTAGESADVANTAGESOptimum Utilization of the MediumLeasing / SharingVery High BW available for all usersUltramodern Communication Facilitiesat door stepReliable, SecuredBetter S/N RatioCost Effective

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

Change Your Services

Before

Somebody forces you

To do so