7 AA911 CONSTRUCTION4 ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL F/6 9/2MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO THE MILITARY CONSTRUCTION-ARMY (-ETC(UPFEB 81 J1 H SPOONAMORE

NLASSIFIED CERL Y-119 NCEmhhu I.ERI ffllf

construction , .a" Army

engineering =9 Non TEHCAL REPORTP

research February 1981

laboratory

MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO THEMILITARY CONSTRUCTION - ARMY (MCA)

PROCESS: CONCEPTS FOR IMPLEMENTATIONAT ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERSCONSTRUCTION FIELD OFFICESDbTIC

>ELECTErr'

0 MAY 18 1981

S SEby

Janet H. Spoonamore

Approved for public release, distribution unlimited

8-A '18 05 08

The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, orpromotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute anofficial indorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products.The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Departmentof the Army position, unless so designated by other authorized documents.

DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN IT IS NO LONGER NEEDED

DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINA TOR

UNCLASSIFIEDSXCURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE (Whon Date Z.-.1-4.

RPR O MNAINPAGE READ INSTRUCTIONSREPOR DOCMENTTIONBEFORE COMPLETING FORM

KRPORTNUMBER2. GOVT ACCESSION NO. 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER

Pl.ICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO THE,11LITARY F~.,INAL f 1

PLEMENTATION WT RPS OFjNGNEERS .N- 6. PERFORI VNME

S. CONTRACT OR GRANT HUMSER~o)

PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. PROGRAM ELEMENT. PROJECT, TASKAREA & WORK UNIT NUMBERS

U.S. ARMYCONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LABORATORY 4A0762731AT44 A..3SP.O. Box 4005. Champaign. IL 61820

t1- CON4TROLLING OFFICE NAME AND ADDRESS 2.4it/ Febop81

'10.- IMBER OF PAGES~;

1314. MONITORING AOC4CY NAME & ADORE114(if different from Controlling Office) IS. SECURITY CLASS. (dt-Kr I. re-

UNCLASSIFIEDIse. DECL ASSIPI1CATION/ DOWNGRADING

SCHEDULE

16. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of *is Repot)

Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

17. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of Cho obeirect entered In Block "0. It different Im Report)

IS. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

Copies are obtainable from the National Technical Information ServiceSpringfield, VA 22151

19. Key WORDS (Comfnba revers ,vaide it neessar ME Idmetdf by block nuimber)

microcomputersconstructionArmy Corps of Engineers

FO AUST"ACT MMNO GO 09MI 6111 N 808IFu -d 0061"If 6T Wleek "ink.)

-The objecives or this report are (I)to assess the potential usefulness of microcomputertechnology as a tool for project management at Corps of Engineers construction fieldoffices. and 12) to present methods or effectl'.ely transferring that technologyto field agencies.

OD M cgoe FI Nov s s 0fTa UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIEDSECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAOE(Wha Data gEE)

Block 20 continued.

his report offers an overview of the construction management activities and theexpected field office workload for military construction and civil works constructionprojects. In addition, the report describes the capabilities offered by microcomputersystems and the technology to be considered in acquiring these systems. The expectedcosts and benefits of the computer hardware and software are explained. Finally,approaches for extending this technology to the field are analyzed.

'-This report concludes that microcomputer systems make more efficient (I) updatingnetwork progress and pay, (2) analyzing contract modifications, and (3) handling generaldata. Microcomputer technology can be effectively transferred to the field by:(I) development of the system documentation required by Army Regulation 18-1;(2) coordination with Corps district and field offices; (3) allocation of funds andresources for extension to the field; (4) classification of the system as a class IV system;(5) selection of an assigned responsible agency to maintain the system; (6) cooperationamong agencies involved in development and operation of the system.

/

UKCLASSI FI EDSECURITY CLAIMPICATION OF THIS PAGIt(Who Deta tm

FOREWORD

This investigation was performed for the Directorate of Military Programs, Officeof the Chief of Engineers, under Project 4A762731AT41, "Design and Constructionof Fixed Military Facilities"; Task A. "Design and Construction"; Work Unit 35,"Microprocessor Applications to the MC Process." The aplulicable QCR is 3.03.006.The OCE Technical Monitor was Mr. Phil Pinol.

This research was conducted at the U.S. Army Construction Engineering ResearchLaboratory (CERL) by the Facility Systems (FS) Division. Mr. Edward Lotz is Chief,FS Division. Mr. Carl Delong was Associate Investigator for the work unit.

4

COL Louis J. Circeo is Commander and Director of CERL, and Dr. L. R. Shafferis Technical Director.

Accession For

NYTIS GRA&I

DTIC TABUnanrnourced ElJ .istif icotion-

By---

IDitti i-u i0

3

CONTENTS

DD FORM 1473 1FOREWORD 3LIST OF TABLES 5

1 INTRODUCTION .................................................. 7BackgroundObjectiveApproachMode of Technology TransferField Office Workload and Overview of

Construction Management Activities

2 CAPABILITIES OFFERED BY MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEMS ........ BCPM AnalysisAlternative Network ComparisonsContract Payment CalculationsOther Potential ApplicationsTechnological Changes

3 EXPECTED COSTS AND BENEFITS ................................ 9Costs for MicrocomputersBenefits From Microcomputer systemsDiscounting

4 APPROACHES TO FIELD IMPLEMENTATION, OPERATION ANDM AINTENANCE ............................................... 11AuthorizationInvestment StrategiesSystem Life-Cyce Activities

5 CO NCLUSIO NS ................................................... 12

DISTRIBUTION

4

TABLES

Number Page

I Proposed System Software Development Costs (In Thousands) 9

2 Proposed System Investment Costs (In Thousands) 9

3 Proposed System Operation and Maintenance Costs (In Thousands) 9

4 Proposed System Annual Recurring Field Office Benefitsfor 50 Offices (In Thousands): FY82-89 10

5 Proposed System Discounted Costs and Benefits-Basedon FY80 Dollars (In Thousands) I I

6 Costs of Leasing and Purchasing Microsystems 12

7 System Life-Cycle Activities for Microcomputer Applicationsto the MCA Process 13

8 Milestone Chart 13

5

MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS TO Mode of Technology TransferTHE MILITARY CONSTRUCTION-ARMY The information in this report will impact Ingi-(MCA) PROCESS: CONCEPTS FOR neer Regulation (ER) I I 11, Network Anahs. 'r-IMPLEMENTATION AT ARMY CORPS tern, and draft Engineer Pamphlet, Qffice Enginecr.OF ENGINEERS CONSTRUCTION Guide. A functional description of the micro-basedFIELD OFFICES system will be developed as required by Army Regu-

lation (AR) 18-1.1

Field Office Workload and Overview of1 INTRODUCTION Construction Management Activities

Construction field offics for the Corps of En-gineers are either resident engineer offices or area

Background engineer offices involved in construction management.Army Corps of Engineers construction field offices The field engineers are responsible to the district

manage the world's largest construction program. office for the immediate on-site administration andSince current technology can aid project administra- direction of construction contracts. 2 Typical fieldtion, the Office of the Chief of Engineers (OCE) office activities include technical and administrativedirected the U.S. Army Construction Engineering responsibilities necessary to assure satisfactory construc-Research Laboratory (CERL) to study how micro- tion. The office staff includes engineering, procure-computers can support field office personnel in ment, and clerical/administrative personnel. Staffingmonitoring, administering, and incorporating changes strengths are based on contract workload and %aryin construction projects. considerably throughout districts and among offices.

The average office managing 15 to 20 contracts hasObjective 18 to 20 full-time permanent staff.

The overall objectives of this study are to identifyMilitary Construction-Army (MCA) activities that Introducing automated tools to the field office orcan be automated with low-cost microprocessor resident engineer office is unlikely to affect the num-hardware, and to specify, test, and transfer to area and ber of staff members, CERL's field data indicate thatresident engineer offices those microcomputer applica- current understaffing is expected to continue HIo%%-tions that can reduce costs. ever, automated data processing (ADP) support to

the office should reduce the time spent in repetiti'cThis report (I) assesses the potential usefulness of calculations of schedules. thus allowing more time

microcomputer technology at construction field of- for evaluating contract modifications, and for mon-fices. and (2) presents methods of effectively trans- toring, inspecting, and administering contracts.ferring that technology to field agencies.

Corps field offices manage all significant changesApproach in a project's schedule and requirements. A surveN of

CERL identified the automated tools required by the change order impact problem indicates that Corpsconstruction field offices. Computer configurations projects often exceed original estimates.' A stud\ h\were designed to provide automated approaches. Sowers recommends that construction managerN useinteractive systems, and hardware environments that network analysis tools for esaluating change% tobest support users in the field. CERI. developed a a project. 4

prototype research system enabling managers in the Network Analysis Sistem (Department of the Army ll.field to control project management better. This Office of the Chief of Engineers [(OCF]. I March. 1973). Manage-computer system includes capabilities for performing men Information Systems: PolicWs. Obiectivei. Procedur.s. andcritical path method (CPM) analysis, updating pro- Responsibilities. Army Regulation (AR) 18 I (Headquartersgress during the course of a construction project. [HQ], DA, 22 March 1976).

analyzing impacts of alternative schedules, and assess- 2 Resident Engineers Management Guide. 1: ngincer Pamphleting the impacts of contract modifications. This system, (EP) 415 I 260 (DA. OCL October 19731. p 2 I -running on a micro-based computer which sells for 3"l)esign Changes. the Largest Cause ol Overruns." gingmeer-

ing News Record. Vol 194. No. 10 (March 6. 19751. p 10.about $8000. was installed at Fort Benjamin Harrison. 'George F. Sowers. "Changed Soil conditions and RockIN, for a short research test to provide CERL with Conditions in Construction." Journal of the Construction Ihv'-information from users about the system's ease of sion. American Society of Civil Engineers. Vol 97, No ('02

operation, benefits, and problems. (November 1971). p 266.

7

A-m

2 CAPABILITIES OFFERED BY ADP can handle these tasks efficiently. The auto-MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEMS mated functions which compare alternative versions

of the project allow examination of impacts on costand time. and display the activities affected directlyand indirectly by modification.

The computerized CPM system has been devel-oped to track progress on construction contracts and Contract Payment Calculationsto evaluate modifications to these contracts. The Periodic payment calculations for partial workfunctions provided include the traditional critical completion use the project network and progresspath methods calculation, alternative network corn- data entered into the system. For each period, newparisons, and contract partial payment calculations. data on the progress of individual activities are enter-The CPM operating on CERL's research equipment ed to update the old information-such as unitshandles up to 1200 activities. The capacity of this placed, percentage completed, and actual start andequipment in terms of both speed and memory size finish dates. Calculations based on activity progressis sufficient. However, an extension of the system's produce the periodic payment estimate.hardware and software is planned to accommodatean unlimited number of activities. Other Potential Applications

A general data base management system may beoperable on microprocessor equipment. The field

CPM Analysis office engineers currently maintain local cost data forTraditional network analysis of project activities labor, equipment, and materials. These costs are used

includes the following activity input data: originating in estimating contract modifications and administer-node, terminating node. and duration. For deter- ing change orders to the contract. By using a general-mining progress in terms of cost and time. additional purpose data base management system, the fielddata are required: activity costs, percentage com- office engineer can maintain current data. retrievepleted, units placed, actual start, and actual finish. the data, and produce computations in many diffe-'he CPM analysis calculates each activity's early and rent forms. Summaries of local cost data can be pro-late start and finish based on actual start and finish. duced from the system. These data base managementIn addition, summaries of total project time and systems are currently available in the marketplacecost can be produced. All data entry is performed and typically cost from $100 to $250.interactively using a keyboard and cathode ray tube(CRT)-formatted displays. Errors detectable at entry A general-purpose word processing capabilityare flagged immediately to be corrected. Redundant could be used in the field office to expedite handlingdata entry often can be avoided -when parts of of correspondence and reports. The system's hard-activity data are changed, for example. The data ware and software are well suited to entry and main-entry process is designed to encourage proper entry tenance of text information. Although producingand reduce errors. General project information and letters and reports requires a typewriter-quality print-individual activity data are maintained by the system er. such equipment is easily interfaced to the system.for retrieval, analysis, and reporting. Network loopsare detected and displayed. The calculations for starts Technological Changesand finishes are performed taking into account actual Microcomputer hardware in the past had limitedstart and finish dates. The system's report. showing capabilities because of small memory size and slowthe analysis results. can be sorted in order of nodes, disk speed. Technology is now overcoming theselate finish, early start, or slack. limitations; the capacity and speed of microcomputer

systems have increased dramatically. In addition,Altermntive Network Comparisons their reliability is improving.

Clearly. when a contract undergoes several addi-tions, changes, and deletions, organizing project ac- The microcomputer system which is a potentialtivities becomes time-consuming. The additional time tool for the field office engineer will be as power-and cost of contract modifications must be assessed. ful as large computer systems 10 years ago; theAnd the development of progress reports and pay- costs for these microcomputers are affordable forment require modification breakouts. Corps construction managers.

8

3 EXPECTED COSTS AND BENEFITS Operations and Maintenance CostsOperations and maintenance costs cover system

hardware and software maintenance for the 50 instal-lations. Costs are recurring after an initial year of

Costs for Microcomputers system installation. Some maintenance is to be per-CERL estimates that about 50 Corps of Engineers formed by the vendors, and other maintenance is

field offices have workloads that microcomputers done in-house by the assigned responsible agencycould support. The cost for installing. operating, and (ARA). Costs include vendor hardware maintenancemaintaining microcomputers at 50 Army construction at $155.00 per month per office, ARA in-house soft-field offices includes: ware maintenance (one GS- 12 at $40,000 per year),

and the ARA's in-house hardware specialist (oneI. Software acquisition computer specialist GS-12 at $40,000). Computer

operations are inherent in the functional use of the2. Hardware acquisition interactive system and are not considered here. Table

3 shows the maintenance cost for the system's life.3. Installation training ,

Benefits from Microcomputer Systems4. Recurring software and hardware maintenance The automated system-- including CPM applica-

for a system life of 8 years (FY82 to FY89). tions, data base management, and word processing -

reduces manual data handling and saves work inExpected costs (discounted at 10 percent of pre- the field office. In addition, more comprehensive

sent values for FY80) for the total life cycle of the and detailed construction management ensures asystem are $-1,778,000. These costs are detailed in the more responsive end-product-the facility-for thefollowing sections. using service.

Development Costs Additional benefits from using the automatedDevelopment costs cover identifying system re- system tools include both expected direct time sax-

quirements and designing ADP approaches to meet ings in construction management activities, and possi-these requirements. CERL's microprocessor version ble indirect savings in construction costs. The directof the CPM system is written entirely in FORTRAN costs/time savings can be broken into three construc-and is easily converted to other hardware. Software tion management activities:for a data base management system is readily avail-able and can be acquired with the hardware. Table I Table 2shows software development costs (both sunk and Proposed System Investment Costsplanned) for CPM applications. (In Thousands)

FY Activity CostInvestment Costs

These nonrecurring costs cover acquisition of the 81 Documentation $15

microcomputer hardware and software, as well as 81 Training $72

initial training, support, and documentation required Il Soltware Conversion $I0K1 8 2 Software Purchase $5s

for conversion to the new system. Table 2 shows the M1 92 Ilirdware i'urchase $844)

breakdown of investment costs for 50 installations.

Table 3Table I Proposed System Operation and Mantenance ('mts

Proposed System Software Development Costs (in Thousands)(In Thousands)

FY Activity (olFY Sunk Planned

81 Vendor Hardware Maintenance 46.577 545 (25 offices)78 $60 82-89 Vendor Hardware Maintenance 9379 572 (50 offices)80 $60 81 89 ARA: Hardware, Software 8081 SW1 Maintenance

9

*" - L .. - . -

I Updating network progress and pay estimates. Benefits in General Data HandlingBenefits in general data handling result from the

2. Analysis of contract modifications process of organi/ing, recording, updating. and sum-marizing local project cost data (labor, equipment,

3. General data handling activities, and materials). oflice budget data, and word process-ing. Each office spends about 40 hours per month on

These expected benefits in time savings for staff these activities, expected savings of 25 percent can bemembers involved in construction management have achieved with the data base management system andassociated costs of $2,442,000 for the 8-year life cycle word processing system. This is a reduction of 10of the system (discounted at 10 percent of present hours at $20 hr, or $200 per month per office.value for FY80). The benefits are detailed below.

Benefit SummaryAlthough real cost savings may be achieved both Table 4 summarizes functional benefits in con-

in field office effort and construction costs, measur- struction management direct effort.ing impacts in terms of benefits, rather than savings,allows a more realistic basis for decision-making. Unquantifiable BenefitsOne may choose whether to invest in the proposed The objective of the proposed automated toolsalternative to derive its benefits. For the following is to manage the construction process more effec-discussion of benefits, it is estimated that the typical tively. The automated CPM applications will providefield office handles an average of 15 projects, each more detailed progress measures and more informa-averaging $1.3 million. The office averages 20 staff tion to pinpoint major project delays and to deter-members and a total construction workload (civil mine corrective actions. In addition, facility deliveryand military) of $20 million, time should be shortened. The automated CPM

applications will allow comprehensive analysis ofmodifications, and consideration of more alternative

Benefits in Updating Network Progress approaches and schedules. Therefore, more cost-and Pa' Estimates effective and timely changes can be incorporated

These benefits result from the process of recording into the project.and summarizing the monthly progress of work, andpaying for contractors' materials, labor, and equip- The resulting savings in the final costs of thement. The units of work that have progressed (the facility are difficult to predict and validate withoutactivities represented in the CPM or bar chart) must long-term studies of many projects. However, thebe accounted and summarized. In each office, about introduction of automated CPM analysis for progress90 staff hours (6 per project) are spent on this ac- reporting and impact analysis can produce large sav-tivity; this time could be reduced by 25 percent with ings in construction costs. For example. savings onthe automated CPM applications-a savings of 22.5 contract modification alone would be substantialstaff hours at $20/hr, or $450 per month per office, since costs due to modifications (both direct and

indirect impacts) presently involve many millions of

Benefits in Anal'zing Contract Modifications dollars annually in Corps military and civil projects.These benefits result from the process of analyzing

direct and indirect impacts of contract modificationsboth in terms of project duration and costs. The Table 4proposed modification is broken into alternative ac- Proposed System Annual Recurringtivities (and costs), and an effective scheduling is Field Office Benefits for 50 Offices (In Thousands):derived. In each office, about 90 staff hours per FY82-89month (6 per project) are spent deriving contractmodifications impacts. The automated CPM applica- Activity Costtions are expected to reduce this time by about Network Progress $27015 percent -- 13.5 staff hours at $20 hr, or $270 per Modification Analvsis S162month per office. In addition, the computer system General Data Handling $126

should lower modification costs. I oal S552

10

Discounting to use it. Systems having large soltware and hard-

)iscounted costs and benefits are presented for ware acquisition. ot- .ration, and maintenance cost,the system life in lable 5. require higher levels of authorization.

Microprocessor applications to the M(A pi cc,

Table 5 serve the Corps field olfices and require less thanProposed System Discounted Costs and Benefits- $3 million for development costs from concept to

Based on FY80 Dollars (In Thousands) installation. The equipment configurations at the fieldoffices cannot be classified as data processing installa-

System Costs/Benefits Value tions (DPIs). It is recommended that the proposed

Research and Development Costs $ 69 system be classified a class IV system because: ( I ) aIn',siment Costs $ 829 single DPI (the ARA for maintenance) .ill manageIntial Maintenance J-YXI) Costs $ 115 the field equipment: (2) the equipment in opcrationRecurring Accumulated Maintenance (tFYN2 89) Costs $ 765 produces minor impacts to current AI)P suppot in'total Life-Cycle Costs $1778 the Corps: and (3) the development and installationRecurring Accumulated Beneflts(FY82-89) S2442 effort is less than $3 million.

The proponent of this proposed microprocessorsystem is OCE, Directorate of Military Programs.Construction Division. If the system is classified cias,IV, this organization (haxing available supportixe

APPROACHES TO FIELD information) will be responsible for initiating eat.h

4 IMPLEMENTATION, OPERATION, phase of the system's life cycle. I hese phases includeAND MAINTENANCE development, acquisition, extension, and operation,,

and maintenance: the first three are sequential. andBased on the potential benefits of micro-based each leads to a decision about beginning the next

tools, a plan to fund and effectively support transition The proponent has the authority to approve or dis-to the technology should be prepared; the tools approve at each of these phases.should then be delivered to construction field offices.I hree major actions will contribute to the successful The authorization documents from which the pro-installation of this system. First, the authorization ponent rnakes decisions are go\crned b\ l)eparttr'cnt(under AR 18 I) to proceed from one phase of sys- of )efense (DOD). Army. and OCE regulation,,tem development to another requires preparing suit- he )epartment of the Army requires the use tlable information for the process of system approval, the approach described in revised lechnical BulletinSecond, investment funds must -be budgeted for ([B) Is II.(,acquisition of hardware and software. Third, the

ife-cyclc system activities (such as training and main- It is recommended that ne, 1)O1) standards fortenance) and their associated expenses must be sched- documentation be applied ie.. the functional descrip-uled. budgeted. and allocated. tion (FD) and data requirements document (RI))

These arc described in )OI) 7935.1 S, AutinattdAuthorization *Stxslemt )ocumentation Standaru%'.

I o manage the approval process, the organiza-tional elements with responsibility for supervising the Investment Strategiesmicrocomputer system's life cycle must be identified. AR 18 I establishes authorization for acquisitionUnder AR IX I, systems are classified by their im- of general purpose AI)P equipment (AI)PE). Micro-pacts on the organization, the major command, and processor equipment can be purchased or leased.the Army. r able 6 shows costs.

Development and installation of a small system IArrnv Automation Technical I)ioiumentatioin. H is IIIcan be authoried by the major command which is (HQ. )A. 1979).

7A tomated Data Stvim I)riumentattrn Standard.. I)epail-Mfanagement Information Sistems: Policies. Ohjectives. Pro- ment of I)elensc (DOI)) Standard 7935.1 S (D)I). Office oi the

iedures. and Responsihilittes. AR 18 I (1Q. I)A. 22 March 1976). Assistant SecretarN of )efense. 13 September 19'7)

II1i

,.° -, '. -- -- 4 .2. .. ..~ .. .- -- -, , -.. ... . . . . ... , . .. .

Table 6 2. Invitation of selected district personnel to anCosts of Leasing and Purchasing Microsystems in-progress review (I R P) for the system.

Annual Leame Purchae 3. Evaluation of the phase I and Ii ARAs, con-

50 Processors + Memnorv $ 25.000 $100.000 sidering their available staffing and construction

50 Other ADPE $175.000 $700.000 program workload.

Potential ARAs for phase III include Corps dis-trict offices having an active military constructionprogram. The construction division of the district

Purchase of ADPE requires approval of the De- office and the district ADP coordinator offer en-partment of the Army, whereas leasing only needs gineering and ADP support for training personnel.the approval of the major command, OCE. It is maintaining skills at field offices, providing consulta-recommended that the equipment be leased because: tion in using and operating the system, and admin-

istering vendor contracts. This organization musti. A smaller amount of capital is needed at the judge whether CERL's estimates of staffing require-

ments are reasonable. From this point, coordination2. Technological advancements in the micro field between CERL and the phase III ARA will increase

warrant leasing versus purchase; until a complete transfer of responsibility is achieved.

3. Third-party lease-maintenance contracts are Table 7 shows the life-cycle activities for deliver-simpler to administer and manage. ing a microcomputer system to the field offices.

Table 8 shows the milestone chart for installing theGiven the commitment to lease, fund allocation microcomputer system at 50 offices.

and distribution present problems. The alternativesavailable are: (I) lump sum contract, delivery uponone fund allocation; and (2) requirements contract,delivery upon field offices' funds. 5 CONCLUSIONS

It is recommended that a requirements contractbe developed and initiated by delivery orders fromeither districts or field offices. This approach is prefer- This report has assessed the usefulness of micro-able because: computers in construction project management. Micro-

computer systems can make more efficient (i) updatingI. Single source funds need not be budgeted; network progress and pay; (2) analyzing contract mod-

2. Changes in deliveries can be accomodated dur- ifications; and (3) handling general data.

ing the installation of equipment, Microcomputer technology can be effectively trans-

3. Vendors can deliver small computer systems ferred to the field by the following steps:on a requirements basis.

I. Development of the system documentation re-

System Life-Cycle Activities quired by AR 18 I.The organizations involved in the three phases of

system development are the proponent, OCE; the 2. Coordination with Corps district and field offices.ARA for phase I (system approval) and phase I1(system development and prototype testing); and the 3. Allocation of funds and resources for extensionARA for phase III (system extension). to the field.

CERL recommends appointment of a phase Ii 4. Classification of the system as a class IVARA to be responsible for installation, maintenance, system.and operation of the system. OCE's selection of thisorganization may include the following steps: 5. Selection of an ARA to maintain the system.

I. Distribution of this report with a cover letter 6. Cooperation among the agencies involved insoliciting comments from districts, development and operation of the system.

12

Table 7System Life-Cycle Activities for Microcomputer Applications

to the MCA Process

Organization Authorization Development Acquisition Extemlon Operation Maintenance

O(C'E Establish Approve Approve Review Review Review(DAEN-MPC) system prototype for system operation maintenance

class test extension extension

CERI -FS Conduct Research. PrototypeI I'R develop, test

test

ARA lot Selection Review Review Install Report on Providemaintenance to be procurement prototype system operation maintenance

made specifications test equipment

Field office Select Training. Training, Operationusers prototype operation of operation of system

users system: of system: by users3 sites 50 sites

Table 8Milestone Chart

ACTIVITY FY 80 FY 81 FY 82 FY 83 FY 84

SELECT ARA

PREPARE FD/RD ! I

PREPARE TEST

TEST PROTOTYPES [ ]

INSTALL SYSTEMS

OPERATE SYSTEMS

13

CERL DISTRIBUTION

Chief of Engineers Engineering Societies Library oft CLA ATN: OLA-mI

ATTN: Tech Monitor New York. NY ATTN: Facilitils Engilner USA Japen (JM.J)AT'A: DAN-ASI-L (Z) Cameron Station Ch. FE Ov. EN-FEATTN: DAEN-CCP FESA. ATTN: Library Fort Lesley J. McNair Fa 11 (Eongr )ATN: DAEN-CW Fort Myer FC Engr (Okinams)ATTN: DAEN-CE ETL. ATTN: LibraryATTN: DAE1-C11- MSC ROK/US Cmbined Forces CamndATTN: OAEN-CWO Enrr. Studies Center. ATTN: Library NQ USASSC. ATTN: MSLO-F ATTN: EUSA-NM1-CFC/EngrATTN: OAN-ClP ATTii: Facilities EngineerATT14: DAEN-1P Inst. for Water Res.. ATTN: Library Fltzsimons Army Meadical Center 416th Engineer CandATTN: OAEN-M C Walter Reed Army Medical Center ATTN: Facilities EnginmeringATTN: DAEN-MI.E Army Inst1. and Major Activities (CONUS)ATTN: DAEN*MPO DARCOM - Dir.. Inst.. A Svcs. USACC Norton APBATTNl: OAEM-M-A ATTN: Facilities Engineer AIT: Facilities Engineer AFM: AFRCE O/DATTh: 0AE-RD ARRAAOCM Fort HIuacIucaATIN: CN-ROC Aberdon Proving Ground Fort Ritchie Ft. Belvoir. VA 22060ATN: OMNM-RON Army Math. and aMchanics Res. Ctr. T ern RA CenteATTN: DAE1- Corpus Christi Army Depot i AiIM: Lerning Resources CenterATTN: ALN-ZC Harry Diamond Laboratories HQ. ATITN: TI-SA ATTM: Ktingan Building. Library

ATTN: [AE-ZCE Ougmy Proving Ground ATTN: Facilities EngineerATN: DAEN-ZCI Jefferson Proving Ground Oakland Army BaseAIT: OAEN-ZC Fort Monmouth Bayonne MT lest Point. qy 10996

Letterkenny Army Depot Sunny Point MDT ATTN: LibraryUS Army Engineer Districts Natick Research and DOv. Ctr.

ATTN: Library lei Cuerl and Army Depot US Military AcademyAlaska Pueblo Army Depot ATTN: Facilities Engineer INSCOM - Ch. lnstl. Div.Al satin Red River Army Depot ATTN: Dept of Geography 1 ATTN: Facilities EngineerAlbuquerque Redstone Arsenal Comouter Science Vint Hill Farms StationBaltimore Rock Island Arsenal Arlington all StationBuffalo Savanna Army Depot USAES. Fort Belvoir, VACharleston Sharps Army Depot ATN: ATZA.OTE-EM WISTCOM

Chicago Seneca Army Depot ATN: ATZA-OTE-SU ATTN: Facilities EngineerDetroit Tobyhanna Army Depot ATTN: Engr. Library Fort Sh lerFar East Tooele Army DepotFort Aorth Watervliet Arsenal Chief Inst. Div.. [I&SA. Rock island.Galveston fua Proving Ground daterways Experiment Station

iunt ngton Jhlte Sands Missile Range USA ARRCOM. A : Dir.. Instl & S. ATTN: Library

Jacksonville TARCOM, Fac. Div. Cold Regions Research Engineeri-q -s7Japan FOR SCOM TECOMq, ATTN: DRSTE-LG-F Cl ein eerh[Qne~

Kansas City FORSCOM Engineer. ATrN: AFEM-FE TSAECOM. A"T: STSAS-F ATN: Library

Little Rock AIT: Facilities Engineers NARA4 CON. ATTI: OROMIA-F US Goveriment Printing Oflce.os Angeles Fort Buchanan AIM. ATN: CXR-WE Receivin etion Oc i.. ysivII1 3rt Bragg Receivi setion/Depositor oo'es

Mmhis :-rt Campbell HQ. XVIII Airborne Corps and Defense Technical Information :dnteIle Fort Carson Ft. Br@gg

nasnvlle Fort Devens ATTN: AFZA-FE-EE ATTN: Da (12)

Yew Irleans Fort Drmu4ew York ;rt Mood M. 7th Army Training Comandsorfoik cjrt Indiantown Gap ATTN: AETTG-DEH (5)Whsa -art Irwin* 5nIloelni a Fort Sam Houston NO USREI* and 7th Army

Pittsburgh Fort Lewis OOCS/EngineerPortland Fort McCoy ATTN: ALAEN-EH (4)Riyadh Fort McPhersonRock Island Fort George G. Heda V CorpsSacramento Frt Ord ATTN: AEML'TC (S)Sen Francisco Fort PolkSavannah Fort Richardson VII CorpsSeattle Fort Riley ATTN: A TSOEM (5)St. Louis Presidio of Sen FranciscoSt. Paul Fort She rdan 21st Support ComeandTulsa Fort Stewart AITN: AEREM (5)Vicksburg Fort Wan rightdalls wells Viancouver Bks. US Army BerlinWilmington AITN: AEIA-EN (2)

S Army Engineer Districts HQ, T1wOC, AiTN: ATEN-FE US Army southern European Task Force"W. York ATTN: Facilities Engieer ATi: AESE-ENG (S)Ft. worth Fort BelveirBaltimore Fort Benning US Army Installation Support ActivityNorfolk Fort Illss EurOpeSavaniah Carlisle Barracks AIM: AEUES-RPwabile Fort ChaffeeKsleas City Fort Dix th USA. Korea

Fort Eustis ATTN: EAFELos Angeles ra Gordon Cdr. Fat Engr Act (8)Sacramento Fort PA4Iton AF. loean Area

For distribution to field offices Fort BMjamitn Harriso AFt. on lan AvFort Jackson AFT. Area It Sot ot

US Army Engineer Divisions Fort Knox AFE. Cp HumpreysAIM: Library Fort Loave~Porth ArE. Pusan

Frt nLee AFE. TeguMntsville Fort McClellanLer Mississippi Valley Fort MonroeMd41e East Fort Ruckermddle East (Rear) Fort SillMissouri River Fort LaoWred WoodNew EnlandNorth AtlanticNorh CentralNorth PacificOhio RiverPacific OcoeSouth AtlanticSouth PaCi'itSoutl~ser

. . . . . . -

SpOonmore, Janet aNicrocomputer applications to the Military Construction - rmy (MCA)

process : concepts for implemsntation at Army Corps of Egingaercoustr ction field offices. - Chaupailn. IL : Coastructioan RaegineeringResearch Laboratory ; available from NTIS, 1981.

13 p. (Technical report ; P-119)a1. U.S. Army - military construction operations. 2. Microcouters.

I. Title. II. Series : U.S. Army. Construction Engineering Reaearcb* Laboratory. Technical report ; P-119.

.!