პრეზიდენტობის კანდიდატ შალვა...

გამოდის 2003 წლის დეკემბრიდან

გვ. 3

გვ. 5

დამოუკიდებელი ეროვნული გაზეთი 2013 წ. მაისი * №36 * ფასი 1 ლარი

გაგრძელება გვ. 2

“ღმერთო, სამშობლო მიცოცხლე! – მძინარიც ამას ვდუდუნებ.” – ვაჟა

ბატონო ბიძინა, ყველაფერს აქვს საზღვარი!

პრეზიდენტობის კანდიდატ შალვა ნათელაშვილის პოლიტიკური რენომე

mzovreTis mamaTa monasteri, XVII s.

ლე ი ლა ცო მაიაerTaderTi, rac damaluli ar yofila,

politikaSi meteoriviT SemoWrili bankiris biZina ivaniSvilis mxridan da mis mierve imTaviTve gacxadebuli iyo, es gaxldaT xelisuflebaSi moRvaweobis periodi, romelic man Tavdapirvelad samwliani vadiT gansazRvra, Tumca isedac arasakmarisi dro, manve, aw ukve sulac erT wlamde Seamcira.

politika da saxelisuflo mmarTveloba, mogexsenebaT, sacirko klounada ar aris, rom xalxi iluziuri efeqtebiT acxovro; erT weliwadSi mniSvnelovani berketebis Seqmna da yvela sferoSi realuri sasikeTo cvlilebebis gaxorcieleba,

ubralod SeuZlebelia, sam weliwadSi ki savsebiT SesaZlebli iyo! ukanaskneli 22 wlis ganmavlobaSi, SevardnaZesaakaSvilis reJimebiT, totaluri ubedurebis gadamtani xalxi, Svebis molodiniT, sami wlis Tmenis valdebulebiT aRiWurva. Tumca Cven, imTaviTve eWvi SevitaneT da undoblad movekideT „qarTuli ocnebis“ saxelwodebiT mosul ivaniSvils (ix.gaz. №31„qarTuli ocneba”...viTarmed ara ra sad(a)me...” №33 „ pilateoba politikaSi“ da sxv.).

vin aris biZina ivaniSvili, cinikosi, Tu uTvala vi simdi driT gayeyeCebuli poziori, romelic Semoxta politikaSi, raTa

მ ა მ უ ლ იე ნ ა

ს ა რ წ მ უ ნ ო ე ბ ა

ს ა ქ ა რ თ ვ ე ლ ო

მ ა რ თ ლ მ ა დ ი დ ე ბ ლ უ რ ი

ს ა ხ ე ლ მ წ ი ფ ო ა

გამოდის 2003 წლის დეკემბრიდანდამოუკიდებელი ეროვნული გაზეთი 2013 წ. oqtomberi* №38 * ფასი 1 ლარი

biZina ivaniSvilma, saqarTvelo, sakuTar biznes-obieqtad daigula

22013, ოქტომბერი, №38

2 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

saku Tari TavisTvis amis Sem Zleobac daemtki cebina?!

biZina ivaniSvils mecnierebaSic Seudgams fexi da raRac subieqturoriginaluri „CaxvdomebiT“ samecniero xarisxic ki moupovebia! amjerad ki, politikidan „samoqalaqo seqtoris“ mi zan scenaze apirebs asvlas. es sferoc, Cvens TanamedroveobaSi erTob prestiJulpopu larulia, magram, ara imdenad gavleniani, rom ivaniSvilma, aw ukve am mizanscenidan SesZlos „xelisuflebis mkacri kontroli“, rogorc Tavad iqadnis amas!

ivaniSvils, rogorc premierministrs araviTari samarTlebrivi valdebuleba ara gaaCnia xalxis winaSe, ivaniSvils politikuri Tanamdebobidan gadadgomis ufleba konstituciis Casworebuli variantiT amgvarad aqvs miniWebuli:

saqarTvelos konstituciamuxli 79 [1. mTavrobis meTauria premierministri[7. premierministris gadadgoma an misi

uflebamosilebis sxvagvarad Sewyveta iwvevs mTavrobis sxva wevrTa uflebamosilebis Sewyvetas...

[muxli 80 ( 1)1. mTavrobis uflebamosilebis Sewyvetis

SemTxvevaSi saqarTvelos prezidenti 7 dRis vadaSi premierministrobis ka n di da tad wamoayenebs saparlamento umra vle sobis... mier wardgenil kandidaturas...

[muxli 81 5. ...axali premierministrisa da mTavro

bis wevrTa daniSvna xdeba konstituciis me80 muxlis me8 punqtiT dadgenili wesiT (da es wesi asea gansazRvruli: mTavrobis SemadgenlobisTvis ndobis gamocxadebidan 2 dRis vadaSi prezidenti niSnavs premierministrs, xolo premierministri aseve 2 dRis vadaSi – mTavrobis sxva wevrebs...)

rogorc xedavT, premierministr ivaniSvils, konstituciiT ara aqvs miniWebuli Tana mdebobrivi memkvidreobiTobis uflebac, anu Tavisi Semcvlelis dasaxelebis (ward genis) uflebavaldebulebac. miu xe davad amisa mis yovel gamosvlaSi igi apelirebs Semcvlelze, rac aJitirebulia Ju r nalistebis mxridan.

ratom unda waradginos biZina ivaniSvilma axali premieris kandidatura, romelsac prezidentad arCevis SemTxvevaSi ueWvelad daamtkicebs giorgi margvelaSvili da romlis prezidentobas ise dabejiTebiT winaswarmetyvelebs ivaniSvili, TiTqos win, uCveulod rTuli (daregistrirebulia 23 kandidati) arCevnebi ar elis?! dRes, 2012 wlis saparlamento arCevnebisgan gansxvavebiT, mniSvnelovnad Secvlilia xalxis damokidebuleba „koalicia qarTuli ocnebisa“ da TviT biZina ivaniSvilis per rsonis mimarT, rasac amZimebs misi favoriti kandidatis margvelaSvilis uniaTobis faqtori. xalxi gulgatexili da imedgacruebulia ivaniSvilisa da misi mTavrobis mimarT, xalxi kategoriulad ver egueba „respublikelebis“ primats

parlamentsa Tu sakrebuloebSi.swored amgvarma myife realviTarebam

warmoSva vadamdeli saparlamento arCevnebis Catarebis sakiTxze referendumis Catarebis moTxovna centraluri saarCevno komisiaSi. ixileT oficialuri dokumenti:

ENGmediisaTvis pres-relizebi30 seqtembris sxdomis Sedegebi30 seqtemberi 2013 weli

30 seqtembers gamarTul sxdomaze, cen tralurma saarCevno komisiam sai niciativo jgufis mier sareferendumod Se mo Ta vazebuli sakiTxis fo r mulireba daa zusta. amom rCevelTa sainiciativo jgu f ma (SemadgenlobiT: iago wi klauri da gela mestiaSvili) 25 seqtembers cen t ralur saarCevno komisiaSi warmo adgina sareferendumo sakiTxi „Tanaxma xarT, Tu ara, rom saqar TveloSi Catardes rig g areSe saparlamento arCev nebi?”. aRniSnuli sakiTxis formulireba sainici ativo jgufma daazusta da Semdegi saxiT warmoadgina „Tanaxma xarT Tu ara, rom 2014 wels saqarTveloSi Catardes riggareSe saparlamento arCevnebi?”.

nebismieri Sedegis Sem TxvevaSi (gai marjvebs, Tu ara margvelaSvili) saprezidento ar Ce vnebisa da biZina iva niSvilis premierobidan gadadgomis Semdgom, riggareSe saparlamento arCevnebis sakiTxi kidev ufro gaaqtiurdeba, radgan xalxs calsaxad ar moswons arsebuli parlamenti, ro melic xalxis iZulebiTi arCevani iyo. analogiuri iZulebis meTodiT (anu, ivaniSvilis qarizmiT), veWvob, rom xalxma axla margvelaSvilsac misces xma. xalxi ukve ivaniSviliTac ganxiblulia! Tumca, es sulac ar aCens perspeqtivas, rom xmebis gadadineba daviT baqraZis sasargeblod moxdeba. ivaniSvilis yofili amomrCeveli „nacionalur moZraobaze“ Semomwyrali da sabolood zurgSeqceuli eleqtoratia!

nino burjanaZes stabiluri politikuri orientaciisa da stabiluri raodenobis mxardamWerebi hyavs, magram es sakmarisi raodenoba mainc ar aris, rac ar unda didi fuli Cados ruseTma Tavisi favoriti kandidatis gaprezidentebisaTvis.

miuxedavad imisa, rom 27 oqtombris arCevnebSi saprezidento kandidatad 54 msurvelma Seitana ganacxadi da maTgan mxolod 23 kandidati daaregistrira ceskom, es dRemde oprecendentod maRali cifri xmebis soliduri raodenobis ganbnevas gamoiwvevs da seriozul saarCevno kriziss Seqmnis. rac damatebiT faqtorad iqceva arCevnebis meore turis ucilobeli CatarebisaTvis. obieqturi da samarTliani arCevnebis gamarTvis SemTxvevaSi, pirvel turSi, margvelaSvilis gamarjveba nakleb mosalodnelia. ivaniSvilis xelisufleba iZulebuli Seiqmneba xeli waucdes Sedegebis 510% gayalbebaze,

risi saxelisuflo resursic maT, damkvirvebelTa raodenobis pirobebSic namdvilad gaaCniaT!

ivaniSvilma, imisaTvis rom gavlena SeinarCunos saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da parlamentze, xelisuflebis umaRles „eSelo nebSi“ unda datovos misTvis misaRebi premieri da prezidenti. sakuTari „jibis parlamenti“, maRalanazRaurebadi saparlamento umravlesoba, rogorc aseTi, mas ukve hyavs, Tumca am parlamentis gadarCeva uaxloesi erTi wlis sakiTxia. xalxi maT, ubralod, ver moiTmens!

ivaniSvili qveteqstebiT mosaubre personaa. am niSniT igi xSirad pasuxobs oponentebs, rom igi arsad ar garbis, rom misi gadadgoma ar niSnavs wasvlas, aramed igi rCeba ufro Zlier xelisuflad. ivaniSvilis gaTvliT, saakaSvilis legitimurad Camo cilebisa da miT „nacionaluri moZraobis“ dasustebiT, xelT igdebs yvela saxelisuflo berkets sakuTari biznes Tu komerciuli saqmianobis SeuzRudavad warmarTvisaTvis. ivaniSvili gegmavs Seqmnas e.w. Tavisuflebis institutis tipis moqnili organizacia. „samoqalaqo seqtorSi“ Cabudeba ki mas sWirdeba srul da yovlimomcvel sagarantio berketad; axal samoqalaqo seqtors ivaniSvili uxvad daafinansebs, raTa swrafad iqces igi yvelaze mZlavr da konkurentunarian arasamTavrobo organizaciad.

27 oqtombris saprezidento arCevnebze, mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT, saWiroa dafiqsirdes sruli samoqalaqo aqtivoba, raTa xelisuflebas arCevnebis gayalbebis, rac SeiZleba naklebi SesaZlebloba mieces. unda gvaxsovdes, rom Cven, jer kidev Sors vdgavarT demokratiisagan. ukanasknelma wel ma qveyanaSi namdvilad gaaCina imis per speqtiva, rom SesaZlebeli gaxdes arasasurveli prezidentisa da parlamentis erTi saarCevno vadiT mocileba.

bankiri ivaniSvili ki amaod fiqrobs, rom man yvelaferi gaTvala; saqarTvelo da qarTveli eri ase martivad gasaTvleli fenomeni ar aris!

დასაწყისი გვ. 1

madlobas vuxdi adamianTa im mcire jgufs, romlebmac gazeTis finansuri ko la fsis mdgomareobaSi, jansaRi erov nul–patriotuli TviTSegneba gamoa vlines da saWiro Semowirulobebi gai Res am nomris gamosacemad (red.).



დასასრული მე-4 გვ.

პრეზიდენტობის კანდიდატი წარმდგენი1 მიხეილ სალუაშვილი საინიციატივო ჯგუფი2 შალვა ნათელაშვილი „საქართველოს ლეიბორისტული პარტია”3 გიორგი მარგველაშვილი „ქართული ოცნება - დემოკრატიული საქართველო“4 ნესტან კირთაძე საინიციატივო ჯგუფი5 გიორგი ლილუაშვილი საინიციატივო ჯგუფი6 სერგო ჯავახიძე „სამართლიანი საქართველოსთვის“7 ნინო ბურჯანაძე „დემოკრატიული მოძრაობა - ერთიანი საქართველო“8 ლევან ჩაჩუა საინიციატივო ჯგუფი9 ავთანდილ მარგიანი საინიციატივო ჯგუფი

10 დავით ბაქრაძე „ერთიანი ნაციონალური მოძრაობა“11 გიორგი თარგამაძე „ქრისტიან-დემოკრატიული მოძრაობა“12 კობა დავითაშვილი „ხალხის პარტია“13 ნუგზარ ავალიანი საინიციატივო ჯგუფი14 ზურაბ ხარატიშვილი „საქართველოს ევროპელი დემოკრატები“15 თეიმურაზ მჟავია „ქრისტიან-დემოკრატიული სახალხო პარტია“16 გიორგი ჩიხლაძე საინიციატივო ჯგუფი17 აკაკი ასათიანი „ქართველ ტრადიციონალისტთა კავშირი“18 თეიმურაზ ბობოხიძე საინიციატივო ჯგუფი19 ნინო ჭანიშვილი საინიციატივო ჯგუფი20 ქართლოს ღარიბაშვილი საინიციატივო ჯგუფი21 მამუკა ჭოხონელიძე საინიციატივო ჯგუფი22 თამაზ ბიბილური საინიციატივო ჯგუფი23 მამუკა მელიქიშვილი საინიციატივო ჯგუფი

2013 wlis 27 oqtombris arCevnebSi

registrirebuli saprezidento kandidatebi

ბატონო ბიძინა, ყველაფერს აქვს საზღვარი! didxans vikavebdi Tavs (me Tavad didi

codvili) vcdilobdi ar amomeRo xma, magram gulma ar momasvena, romelic mkarnaxobda, rom dumili silaCre da usindisoba iqneboda Cemi mxridan da Tu raime mcire adamianoba da kacoba mainc SemrCenia, unda meTqva is, rasac RvTis winaSe vTli saWirod.

biZina ivaniSvilma, romelmac marTlmadi deblobis dauZinebeli mtrebi dagvisva par lamentsa da mTavrobaSi, imdeni ikadra, rom zviad gamsaxurdias Zageba daiwyo. es rom Cems mimarT gaekeTebina (Tumca arafers warmovadgen), namdvilad ar amoviRebdi xmas da mivutevebdi kidec, magram zviad gamsaxurdias Seuracxhyofis patieba ar SemiZlia. adamiani rom gaakritiko, sul cotaTi mainc unda iyo masze ukeTesi. batoni biZinas zviadTan Sedarebac ki imdenad uazro da mkrexelur saqcielad meCveneba, rom fiqric ki ar minda amaze! premier ministrs, romelsac imdeni politikuri gonebac ki ara gaaCnia, rom ar icis, ra unda Tqvas Tavisi qveynis pirvel prezidentze, da isic gardacvlilze, samSoblos TavisuflebisaTvis Tavdadebul mamuliSvilze, mapatieT da ver aRviqvam qveynisaTvis sasikeTo moRvawed. Zalian gTxovT yvelas, nu daabralebT amas misi garemocvis gavlenas. biZina ivaniSvili ar aris is kaci viRac–viRaceebis gavlenis qveS moeqces da aseTi gancxadebebi akeTos.

saakaSvili oriveze uaresi iyovo rom brZanebs, im „uaress“ ar afinansebda wlebis ganmavlobaSi, amdeni ubedureba rom moutana Cvens qveyanas? raRac ar maxsovs, erTi sinanuli mainc gamoexatos amis gamo, erTi mcire bodiSi mainc moexados ara marto qarTveli eris, aramde im WirisufalTa winaSe, visi Svilebic, debi Tu Zmebic miwaSi Caawvina ivaniSvilis dafinansebulma da mxardaWerilma saakaSvilis reJimma, rom aRaraferi vTqvaT uamrav gaubedurebul adamianze. udaod dasafasebelia batoni biZina qvelmoqmeduri saqmianobis gamo, magram igi dRes iseT xiblsa da ampartavnebaSia Cavardnili, rom sibraluls imsaxurebs; mas Tavi yvelaze Wkviani hgonia am qveyanaze da aZlevs Tavs uflebas zviad gamsaxurdiasac ki gadaametos, rac (dameTanxmebiT) metismetia! aRarafers vambob qristianul moralze.

samwuxarod, Cvens politikur sivrceSi ar

gamoCnda kaci, romelic xmamaRla etyoda baton biZinas, rom ar ainteresebs misi fuli, aramed WeSmariteba urCevnia mis winaSe laqucsa da cundruks. amazrzenia, rogor arigebs es kaci Wkuas yvelas da patara bavSviviT tuqsavs, Tu misi sawinaaRmdego azri gaaCnia. Cveni politikosebi ki laqiebiviT Sescicineben TvalebSi mama–marCenals da cdiloben aamon

“did batons”. zviad gamsaxurdias Zagebas, post zvia

disturi politikuri realobidan gamom dinare, misi yofili dauZinebeli mtrebic ki eridebian dRes. batoni biZinasTvis ki, rogorc sCans, arc morali arsebobs, arc eTikuri normebi da arc samSoblos tarigTa mimarT pativiscemis grZnoba. ivaniSvils ki samSoblo mxolod maSin gaaxsenda, rodesac saakaSvilis mTavroba mis Rirsebas Seexo da masac xeli auqnia.

gavixsenoT misi Sexvedrebi xalxTan. rogor pirdeboda, rom yvelafers mxolod xalxis nebis gaTvaliswinebiT gadawyvetda. mas endnen, mxari dauWires da TviT saZulveli partiebis parlamentSi SeTrevazec dauxuWes Tvali.“biZinam ukeT icis da albaT msoflios dasanaxad asea saWirovo“–ambobda bevri. Tumca mcire dro gavida da Turme, araTu es, mravali sxva „siurprizic“ gveloda win. merabiSvilis, adeiSvilis, kublaSvilis qebam da ybadaRebulma „kohabitaciam“ xom saerTod takimasxruli gvirgvini daadga mis mmarTvelobas. aRarafers vambob Turqi mesxebis Camoyvanis da baTumSi meCeTis aRmarTvis, xolo amjerad ki hudonhesis mSeneblobis ganzraxvaze. erTi SemTxveva

mainc gamaxseneT vinmem, rodesac batonma biZinam xalxs hkiTxa azri da erTpirovnulad ar gadawyvita esa Tu is sakiTxi. exla ki Turme margvelaSvilze Sesaferisi saprezidento kandidati ar hyolia qveyanas da amas iseTi miuRebeli da amazrzeni formiT gvaxvevs Tavs, rogorc mkacri maswavlebeli – saSinao davalebas. ra gasakviria,roca exlaxans isic ki ganacxada, rom qarTvelebis ubedureba maTi dabali politikuri kulturaao. „saqarTvelos problema missave sociumSia, radgan xalxs, arc arCevanis gakeTeba SeuZlia, arc arCeulTa gakontroleba, amitomac Cveni qveyana ukve 20 welia ver gamodis mojadoebuli wridan“–nawyveti latviur „telegrafTan“ micemuli interviudan. ivaniSvili amas ambobs erze, romelmac amden sisxlsa da tkivils gauZlo, amdeni qartexili gadaitana, Tundac bolo oci wlis manZilze da sasowarkveTilebas ar miscemia, ar gagiJebula da ar gavelurebula, rogorc zogierTebs surT, rom warmogvaCinon. aramed, mTeli Tavis imedi, gancda da ukeTesi momavlis rwmena baton biZinas Caabara, swored imas, vinc ase udierad axsenebs qarTvel ers...da amav dros sakuTar saprezidento kandidatTan dakavSirebiT kvlavac mouwodebs: „gavkadnierdebi da getyviT – momavalSic mendeT!“.

biZina ivaniSvilis ubedureba imaSia, rom Tavi Tavad hgonia mesia! vatyob, rogor gaujda mas ampartavneba mTel sulsa da gonebaSi da mxolod sakuTari survilebiT wyvets mTeli eris beds. mas miaCnia, rom yvela sferoSi yvelaze meti icis da saqarTveloSi aravis Tvlis masze kompententurad; igi niSnavs parlaments, ministrebs, opozicias, sakuTar Semcvlel premierministrsa da TviT prezidentsac ki da nelnela emsgavseba Tavis winamorbed e.w. prezidentebs.

yvelam kargad gavaxiloT Tvalebi, nu SeviqmnebiT yru da brma mimdevrebad, iqceva da ileva Cveni bedkruli samSoblo, mcirdeba da mcirdeba ricxovnebiT, teritoriulad. mxolod marTlmadidebel xelisufals eqneba neba izrunos Cvens ersa da qveyanaze, mxolod WeSmarit moyvaruls RvTisa da erisa, rasac baton biZinas verafriT “davabralebT”, Tundac



დასაწყისი მე-3 გვ. 17 maiss eSmakis naSier e.w. lgbtTa mimarT loialobis gamoCenisa

gamoc, miuxedavad patriarqis Txovnisa, Cveni saTayvanebeli mamebis araerTi mimarTvisa.

aRarafers vambob im ybadaRebul samarTlianobis aRgdenaze, romelsac misi xelisuflebaSi yofnis periodSi arasodes daadgeba saSveli da jobs gavTavisufldeT yalbi iluziebisagan. mainteresebs, ras izamda batoni biZina girgvlianis, vazagaSvilis, robaqiZis, gamcemliZis... krialaSvilis an SaraZis nacvlad misi Svili rom yofiliyo. albaT ar gagiWirdebaT warmodgena, rogor “miutevebda” damnaSaveebs da maT namusgarecxil amfsonebs. miteveba da patieba kargia, RvTiuri saTnoebiT da siyvaruliT aris gaJRenTili, magram amisTvis monaniebaa jer saWiro. sinanuli da vedreba romlisgan vixileT? visac sxvisi Svili ar stkiva, mas arc samSoblo stkiva. es ubralo WeSmaritebaa. Tu vinmes xma miuwvdeba baton biZinasTan, gadaeciT, rom arian adamianebi, romlebsac SeiZleba didi qoneba ar gaaCniaT, magram masze bevrad mdidrebi arian. mdidrebi sulierad, romelTac ar gaurbiT Tvalebi mis simdidreze da kargad xedaven yvela im ubedurebas, rac am batonma Cvens qveyanas ukve moutana da rasac kidev moutans momavalSi im ugunuri qmedebebiT, romlebic jer kidev saakaSvilis reJimTan mWidro urTierTobidan iRebs saTaves. is sisuleleebi, rac am batonma brZana bolo erTi wlis manZilze (erTerTi bolo Sedevris CaTvliT adeiSvilis Sesaxeb, rom aRaraferi vTqvaT hudonhesze da sxva aTas ubedurebaze) sxva vinmes rom eTqva, warmomidgenia ra qarborbalas daatexdnen Tavs. samwuxarod, dRes naTqvami mxolod imiT fasobs, Tu vis mieraa warmoTqmuli da ara imisda mixedviT, Tu ra WeSmariteba devs am naTqvamSi.

ar dagRalaT, megobrebo amdenma sicruem, siyalbem da TvalTmaqcobam? minda yvelam kargad icodes, vinc marTlmadideblobas ebrZvis da masonTa survilebs da axirebebs emorCileba, is RvTismSoblis winaaRmdeg ibrZvis da verasodes gaimarjvebs! samwuxaroa, rom istoriam bevrs veraferi aswavla. saqarTvelo arasodes gaxdeba, arc dasavleTis da arc evropis mona–saxelmwifo da Tu vinmes hgonia, rom Tavisi cbierebiT, sionisti da masoni batonebis monuri morCilebiT mainc SeaTrevs Cvens qveyanas antiqristes mociqulTa sakontrolo sivrceSi, Zalian Semcdara. vinc natos da evrokavSirs qadagebs, is satanas emsaxureba da ara WeSmarit RmerTs. gasagebia, rom bevri adamiani davalebuli xarT misgan da xmas ver iRebT (ufro piriqiT, aqebT da adidebT, ramac miiyvana igi amgvar ampartavnobamde. qeba da laquci, daTvuri samsaxuria da qristianulad saTno saqcieli ar aris. amitomac Segvagonebs mgosani „.moyvares pirSi uZraxeo“), magram nurc is dagvaviwydeba, rom adamiani pirvel rigSi RvTis winaSea valdebuli, samSoblos da eris winaSe da ara erTi nebismieri adamianis winaSe. xolo yovelive sikeTe, rac adamianis xelidan modis, is RvTisganaa mocemuli da misi madliT da wyalobiT xdeba.

bolos, erT perifrazs gavakeTebdi batoni biZinas mimarT „daTa TuTaSxiadan“ : „mapatieT, magram mogzavnili mgonixarT, mainc!“

am werils ar davwerdi, baton biZinasTan gasaubrebis saSualeba rom mqonoda, aramed pirdapir vetyodi Cems tkivilian azrs, rogorc qristian adamians Seefereba. albaT, arc ki momismenda Cemi, masTan SedarebiT Zalian dabali socialuri mdgomareobis gamo, magram Cems vals movixdidi. vinaidan es SeuZlebelia da batonma biZinamac Tavisi gancxadebebi ukve xmamaRla gaakeTa, amitom gavkadnierdi da vecade am weriliT mepasuxa misTvis. Tu vinmes uneburad Seuracxhyofa mogayeneT, umorCilesad gTxovT SemindoT.

RmerTi iyos Cveni da sruliad saqarTvelos Semwe !!!

P.S. Zalian gTxovT yvelas, `nacionalebis~ momxred nu CamTvliT. mag naZirlebze saerTod laparakic ar msurs!

mona RvTisa giorgi(gela) faCuaSvili

1994 wlis Semodgomaze nacnobebisgan Sevitye: „merab kostavas deda cud dReSia, avadmyofobs, mas ki, ara Tu samkurnalo, sakvebis SesaZeni fulic ki ara aqvso.“ gamovarTvi wamlebis sia, romelic Tan qondaT.

SeviZine wamlebi, nacnob–megobrebSi fuli Sevagrove, saxlidan ramdenime qila xilfafa, muraba, kompoti waviRe da kostavas saxls mivaSure. kari axalgazrda, sandomianma gogonam gamiRo, romelic Tavidan erTgvari undoblobiT Semxvda. igrZnoboda, rom arasasiamovno vizitebi misTvis ucxo ar iyo. Tavi rom gavacani da Cemi vizitis mizezi vamcne, momibodiSa, sastumro oTaxSi SemiZRva da qalbaton olikosTan warmadgina. deda–Svilurad Camikra gulSi. ise momesiyvarula, TiTqos mis xelSi gazrdili biWi viyavi. – jer eqsponantebi daaTvaliereT da Semdeg, Tu ar CqarobT, visaubroT – miTxra man. eqskursiamZRoloba imave gogonam gamiwia. konstantine, zviadi, merabi, aralegaluri gamocemebi, gadasaxleba, Semdeg mitingebi, droSebi, droSebi... zviadi da merabi erTad, sul erTad! ra dro iyo, ra bednierebi viyaviT! Tvalcremliani mivbrundi maspinZelTan. amdeni Wirvaramis, Tu tragediis gadamtans, Tavi mainc mxned eWira. „ramdenjer momeWren, Svilo, usindiso adamianebi: „zviadistebi“ ikribebian aq, unda davxuroT saxlmuzeumio. saZinebelSi rom didi suraTia zviadis, imis Camoxsna momTxoves. eg suraTi merabma Tavisi xeliT moaTavsa misi sawolis Tavze da Tu geyofaT vaJkacoba, Tqven Tavad CamoxseniTmeTqi. gabrundnen buzRunbuzRuniT. mas Semdeg kidev mestumren orsamjer. bolo dros mgoni damanebes Tavi, Tumca xandaxan ki rekaven ucnobebi telefonze da imuqrebian“. mraval Wirvaram gamovlilma erovnuli gmiris dedam gaixsena merabis da zviadis bavSvoba: „–didi konstantines frTebqveS daizardnen. adreve Seisisxlxorces uflisa da samSoblos siyvaruli. fexdafex qondaT Semovlili mTeli saqarTvelo. taZari, salocavi, Tu cixesimagre ar darCenila, maTi xeli rom ar

Sexeboda mowiwebiT. kamaTobdnen aRsarebis CabarebasTan dakavSirebiT: mogexsenebaT, maSindel samRvdeloebaSi uSiSroebis samsaxurTan kavSirSi myofi mRvdlebic eriven, biWebi ki aralegalur saqmianobaSi iyvnen

Cabmuli. zviadi ambobda, rom am Temaze sjobs saerTod ar isaubron moZRvarTan, merabi ki amtkicebda, rom yvelaferi uflis xelTaa da mas unda miendon. merabi patimrobidan rom dabrunda, Cvens saxlSi lxinis sufra gaiSala. erTma sufris wevrma didi sasmisi Seavso da sadRegrZelod warmoTqva: „ gaumarjos merab kostavas, erovnul–gamanTavisuflebeli moZraobis erT–erT liders!“ merabma wamsve SemarTa marjvena xeli da SesZaxa: „–SeCerdiT, megobrebo! daimaxsovreT da yvelas gadaeciT: erovnul moZraobas yavs erTaderTi lideri da es aris zviad gamsaxurdia! Cven, yvelani,

misi jariskacebi varT!“ es ambavi, pirvel rigSi, batoni merabis Tavmdablobasa da did

bunebovnebaze metyvelebs. aqve aRsaniSnavia da Zalian mniSvnelovani aspeqtia is, rom merab kostavas kargad esmoda: saqarTvelos erovnul–ganmaTavisuflebel moZraobas liderTa simravle mxolod zians moutanda. es kargad uwyoda mtermac. Seqmnes ra axalgazrda, ambiciuri „liderebi“, isini daupirispires baton zviads (gansakuTrebiT, kostavas daRupvis Semdeg), riTac safuZveli Cauyares im damangrevel, danaSaulebriv qmedebebs, ris Sedegebsac dRemde vimkiT qarTveli eri!

nodar kiknaZe„saqarTvelos helsinkis kavSiri–

erovnuli aRorZineb“–is Tavmjdomare

1989 wlis 13 oqtombers saqarTvelos kompartiis ck mdivanma givi gumbariZem, uSiSro-ebis ministr aleqsi inauris da misi moadgilis varlam Saduris borotmoqmeduli gegmiT quTaisidan Tbilisisken momaval Tamar CxeiZis avtomanqanas, boriTTan, gaurkveveli sagniT avtoavaria mouwyves. avtomanqanas Tamar CxeiZe marTavda, avtomanqanaSi masTan erTad isxdnen merab kostava da zurab WavWavaZe. Tamar CxeiZis TqmiT saswrafo daxmarebis manqana sofel boriTTan uCveulod male movida. merabi cocxali iyo, grZnobda Tavis mdgomareobas, eqimebma mas raRac nemsi gaukeTes, ris gakeTebasac ewinaaRmdegeboda merabi. igi adgilzeve gardaicvala, rac badebs eWvs, rom merabs organizmSi sasikvdilo Sxami SeuSves. mZimed daSavebuli Tamar CxeiZe da zurab WavWavaZe saavadmyofoSi gadaiyvanes. ramdenime Tvis mere, TiTqmis gamokeTebis mdgomareobaSi myofi zurab WavWavaZe saavadmyofoSi „botkiniT?!“ gardaicvala...

l i d e r e b i



am saidumlo werilis daweris TariRad wyaroSi miTiTebulia 1996 weli, xolo adresati gaxlavT SevardnaZis elCi ruseTSi vaJa lorTqifaniZe, awgardacvlili berezovski ki, 1996 wels gaxldaT ruseTis uSiSroebis sabWos mdivnis moadgile da kurirebda afxazeTis sakiTxs. am dokumentidan naTlad Cans SevardnaZis realuri politika afxazeTsa da Sida qarTlTan (e.w. samxreT oseTis avtonomiasTan) mimarTebaSi. yovelive amaSi SevardnaZis mier gansakuTre bu li funqci ebi hqondaT dakisrebuli „SevardnaZis opozicionerebad“ gardaqmnil irina sariSvils, irakli baTiaSvils, Salva naTelaSvils...

ama wlis 27 oqtombris saprezidento kandidati Salva naTelaSvili (igi 2008 wlis 5 ianvris saprezidento arCevnebSic iyrida kenWs) 199596 wlebSi baTumSi aslan abaSiZis saxelisuflo frTas warmoadgenda da rogorc am dokumentidan irkveva igi „Canergili“ iyo, swored „baTumuri sakiTxis“ Semdgomi gaaqtiurebisaTvis, afxazeTisa da e.w. samxreT oseTis avtonomiebis msgavsad, saqarTvelos saxelmwifosagan aw ukve aWaris religiuri niSniT gamoyofisa da umal iqac saprezidento arCevnebis Catarebis mizniT, risTvisac aslan abaSiZes winaswar SemuSavebuli hqonda aWaris respublikis konstituciis proeqti.

werilis boloSi naxsenebi sergeisa (baRabSi) da ludvigTan (Cibirovi) saidumlo Sexvedrebi moskovSi gadabargebul „mxatvar“ zurab wereTelTan imarTeboda, romlis srul informirebas, ratomRac saWirod ar miiCnevs Sevar dnaZe (zemomocemuli dokumentis ga mo qveynebis wyaro: gaz. „axali era“, 31 ma rti,2000. red. elizbar javeliZe. dokumentze TandarTuli werilis avtori: gubaz megreliZe).

1996 wlis 6 maiss, saqarTvelos televiziis pirveli arxiT, 21.30 sTze aslan abaSiZem, saa gento „iberiis“ mier gavrcelebuli informaciis Sesaxeb, rom „ Tu uaxloes xanSi ar iqneba gansazRvruli aWaris statusi, rogorc su ve renuli saprezidento respublikisa saqarTvelos SemadgenlobaSi, igi ar Seu wyobs xels kaspiis navTobis saqarTvelos teritoriaze transportirebis gegmas“ brZana, rom eg Cemi mizani ar gaxlavT, aramed „es sakiTxi,

1994 wels CemTan Sexvedrisas, maSindelma saxelmwifo meTaurma eduard SevardnaZem dasva ganxilvis wesiT: xom ar ajobebda aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis statusis Secvla aWaris respublikad“, razec me kategoriuli uariT vupasuxeo. am veraguli Canafiqris nawi li gaxldaT is viTarebac, rom aWaris meTauri aba SiZe, SevardnaZis xelisuflebis, arc erT sxdomas TbilisSi aRar eswreboda da Tavad SevardnaZe Cadioda baTumSi masTan Ria Tu saidumlo molaparakebebze, riTac defaqtod xdeboda aWaris meTauris centralur xelisuflebasTan TanamSromlobis valdebulebis gawyveta da am viTarebis istoriul realobad gardaqmnis xaverdovni procesi, rac udaod SeaCera da aRkveTa saakaSvilis xelisuflebaSi mosvlam. aslan abaSiZe ki moskovSi gaiqca, sadac dRemde sasaTfuro pirobebSi cxovrobs.

naTelaSvili 1992 da 1995 wlebSi gaxldaT xuntis parlamentis deputati da am periodis saqarTvelos axal konstituciaze momuSave jgufis wevri. am sakonstitucio jgufma ki zviad gamsaxurdias erovnuli xelisuflebis moqmedi konstituciidan amoiRo saqarTvelos saxelmwifos statusqvo „respublika“ da saxelmwifos saxelwodebad datova mxolod geografiuli saxeli „saqarTvelo“.

2000 wlis 9 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebis boikotis realuri ganxorcielebis mizniT, zviad ganmaTavisufleblis partiam organizeba gau keTa arasaparlamento opoziciis konsolidacias (Salva naTelaSvili, beso juReli, irakli wereTeli, nodar naTaZe, Tamar CxeiZe, guram gogbaiZe, gia gaCeCilaZe, luiza SakiaSvili...). SevimuSaveT erTiani samoqmedo gegma, aralegalurad davbeWdeT asiaTasobiT proklamacia aqtiuri boikotis mowodebiT da SeZlebisdagvarad gavavrceleT mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT.

unda iTqvas, rom `leiboristebi~ da beso ju Relis partielebi, yvela am saWiro saqmianobaSi SesamCnevad iTrevdnen fexs, magram konsolidirebuli politikuri Zalebi, TiTqmis sakmarisi viyaviT da politikur amocanas STambeWdavi warmatebiT gavarTviT Tavi, ris Sedegadac 2000 wlis 9 aprilis saprezidento arCevnebis boikoti realurad gaxorcielda, rasac cxadhyofda saarCevno ubnebis SesamCnevi sicariele arCevnebis dRes, magram eduard SevardnaZem, Cveuli meTodebiT totalurad gaayalba arCevnebi da „miRebuli xmebis“ 82% (?!) daiwera, razec zogierTma ucxoelma damkvirveblebma Sesabamis oqms xeli ar moawe res.

Cven xelT gvqonda suraTi da sruli politikursamarTlebrivi safuZvelic saer TaSoriso protestis „agorebisaTvis“, magram Salva naTelaSvilma da beso juRelma mxari ar dagviWires da arc xeli mogviweres sa Tanado dokumentze. Tumca, gveZleoda sru li SesaZlebloba (roca SevardnaZe ukve moyirWebuli hyavda TviT ruseTsac da misi fizikuri ganadgurebis mizniT orjer teraqtic ki mouwyves) SevardnaZis mmarTveloba 2000 welsve dagvesrulebina, rac udaod radikalurad Secvlida politikur klimats saxelmwifoSi da saxelisuflo speqtrsac, yovelive ki mniSvnelovan gardamtex asaxvas hpovebda dRevandel politikur viTarebazec.

`leiboristulma partiam~ 2002 wlis adgilobriv arCevnebSi sruli gamarjveba moipova, sadac naTelaSvilis partiam Tbilisis saqalaqo sakrebuloSi adgilebis umravlesoba miiRo. Tumca naTelaSvilma moulodneli gancxadeba gaakeTa da kulisebsmiRma miRweuli garigebiT sakrebulos Tavmjdomareoba mixeil saakaSvils dauTmo.

2007 wlis seqtemberSi naTelaSvilis partia koaliciaSi Sevida cxra sxva opoziciur jgufTan erTad, romelic anstisamTavrobo demonstraciebs atarebda. amave wlis 7 noembris movlenebis Semdeg naTelaSvils SpionaJisa da mTavrobis damxobis mowyobis mcdelobis braldebebi wauyenes. Tumca gadadgomamde mixeil saakaSvilma ganacxada 10 noembers, rom

პრეზიდენტობის კანდიდატ შალვა ნათელაშვილის პოლიტიკური რენომე

naTelaSvili dapatimrebuli ar iqneboda da is SeZlebda 2008 wlis saprezidento arCevnebSi sakuTari saarCevno kampaniis Tavisuflad Catarebas. momdevno dResve generalurma prokurorma Searbila naTelaSvilisTvis wayenebuli braldebebi da ganacxada, rom naTelaSvili mxolod dakiTxvisTvis iyo dabarebuli SpionaJis saqmeze mowmis saxiT. mogvianebiT naTelaSvilma ganacxada koaliciidan gasvlis Sesaxeb…“ (biografiuli wyaro vikipedia)

Cveni gazeTis wina nomerSi vwerdiT, Tu rogor umizna gulSi daSna Salva naTelaSvilma zviad gamsaxurdias. kerZid: 1993 wlis 24 seqtembers respublikis devnili prezidenti zviad gamsaxurdia qveyanaSi dabrunda da konstituciuri kanonierebis aRdgena daiwyo. am kritikul momentSi, Salva naTelaSvilma, romelic 1992 wlis 11 oqtombris xuntis parlamentis iuridiuli komisiis Tavmjdomare iyo, gazeT “saqarTvelos respublikas”(ix. №235(763), 29 oqtomberi, 1993 weli) ganucxada: “respublika dReisaTvis cxovrobs da muSaobs 1992 wlis noemberSi miRebuli ZiriTadi kanoniT “saxelmwifo xelisuflebis Sesaxeb”, aqedan gamomdinare, samarTlebrivad Zaladakargulia saqarTvelos respublikis 1978 wlis konstitucia, Semdgomi cvlilebebiTurT da masTan erTad prezidentisa da uzenaesi sabWos institutic baTilia”.

ase “gaauqma” Salva naTelaSvilma saqarTvelos respublikis prezidentisa da uzenaesi sabWos instituti 1993 wels.

Salva naTelaSvilis aRniSnuli “verdiqti”gamoica im dReebSi, rodesac eduard SevardnaZis uzurpatoruli reJimis dasacavad saqarTveloSi SemoWrili iyo ruseTis samxedro Zalebi admiral baltinis sardlobiT.es ki, sxva araferi gaxldaT, Tu ara, samarTlebrivi safaris Seqmna, saqarTvelos respublikis kanonieri xelisuflebis ganadgurebis samxedro operaciisaTvis (`ganmaTavisuflebeli~, #37, 2013).

Salva naTelaSvilma 1994 wlis 1 marts xma mis ca sa qa r Tvelos sngSi Sesvlas xuntis parlamentSi. swored amgvari antisaxelmwifoebrivi “damsa xurebebis” jildod mixeil saakaSvilma moaxdina reitingulad mkvdari `leiboristebis~ politikuri reinkarnacia da 2008 wlis 21 maisis saparlamento arCevnebis Semdgom, saidumlo garigebiT, „boikotgamocxadebuli“ leiboristebi Seiyvana parlamentSi da muqTad uxdidnen maT maRal xelfasebs, sadac erTi dRec ki ar umuSaviaT! anu, saqarTveloSi, „leiboristebis“ saxiT arsebobdnen „deputatebi“ muSaobis valdebulebis gareSe, anu paraziti parlamentarebi!

27 oqtombris saprezidento arCevnebSi „medasavleTe“ imijis warmosaCenad Salva naTela Svilma amerikuli turneebi gamarTa kongresmenebTan, Tumca maTTan „Sexvedrebis“ vi deokadrebi, xan derefnebSi da xanac doinj Semoyril, gaurkvevel viTarebaSi vrceldeboda.

Salva naTelaSvili socialisturi mimarTulebis politikuri lideria da ruseTis federaciuli saxelmwifos satelitur Zalas warmoadgens saqarTveloSi.

leila comaia



გაგრძელება გვ. 8

didi xania ganzraxuli mqonda merab mamardaSvilze (daib. 15 seqt. 1930, gard. 25 noemb. 1990) werilis gamoqveyneba. qarTul presaSi Zalze bevri daiwera da dRemde iwereba mis gamonaTqvamze „WeSmariteba samSobloze maRla dgas“.

.mamardaSvili ruseTidan movida erovnul moZraobaSi da Tavisi sityvis Tqmas filosofiurad lamobda. yovelTvis makvirvebda qarTvel filosofosTa, mweralTa, leqtorTa damokidebuleba mis mimarT. iyo opozicionerTa yasidi aRtaceba mamardaSvilis naazreviT 199094 wlebSi da misi naTqvamis xSiri gameoreba, rom zviadi daRupavso saqarTvelos. es rioSuli aRtaceba zviad gamsaxurdias jibriT gamoiTqmoda. mamardaSvilis ucabedi sikvdilis Semdeg bevrma gaimeora da ufro bevrma ki daijera, rom „zviadma merabs guli gauxeTqa“. samoqalaqo omis dasrulebisa da saqarTvelos gaZarcvis Semdeg iyo da aris sruliad indiferentuli damokidebuleba mamardaSvilis mimarT. zviadis momtere inteligentebi mamardaSvilis saxels iyenebdnen im moCvenebiTobis Sesaqmnelad, viTom bevri eyurebodaT filosofiaSi, viTom liberaluri humanizmis medroSeni iyvnen da marqsistuli aTeizmiT gabezrebulni metafizikis saZebnierSi eZebdnen RmerTs.

cru mamuliSvilobas Seyenebuli ucodinari Jurnalistebi sxvadasxva gazeTebSi dRemde kilaven mamardaSvils da bevr sisuleles weren masze. magaliTebr, gazeT „asavaldasavalis“ Jurnalisti giorgi gigauri werda, rom „akaki baqraZec da merab mamardaSvilic unda ganvixiloT rogorc suslovis ideologiis adeptebi...“. isve ambobs: „aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi „kagebeSi“ gawvrTnili filosofosi merab mamardaSvili“. isve ambobs: „ukideganod idioturi devizi WeSmariteba samSobloze maRla dgas!“, „kremlma fsoni akaki baqraZeze dado“(„asavaldasavali“, 2013 w., 21 maisi2 ivnisi, N 21). igive gaimeora g. gigaurma amave gazeTis 2013 wlis 9 – 15 seqtembris nomerSi (N 36). akaki baqraZe filosofiis gagebaSi ar iyo da mas gigaurma mamardaSvilis dubliori uwoda. yovelive es sityvebis raxaruxia, romelsac bevri misdevs.

es gamonaTqvamebi tipuri magaliTia sakiTxis ara mxolod vergagebisa, aramed mkiTxvelTa Segnebuli motyuebisa samSoblos saxeliT. Tu saxelmwifo uSiSroebis komitetSi (КГБ) aTwleulobiT wvrTnidnen mamardaSvils, maSin pirveli filosofosebi uSiSroebis generlebi yofilan. arc akaki baqraZe da arc merab mamardaSvili ar yofilan ruseTis uSiSroebis faruli agentebi. mamardaSvili rom agenti yofiliyo, amas jer kidev ruseTSi Seutyobdnen da mis leqciebze amdeni xalxi ar ivlida. is ver moipovebda aseT avtoritets 8090iani wlebis rus disidentTa da sabWoTa sistemasTan mopaeqre

ras vfiqrob merab mamardaSvilze? moskovel humanitarTa Soris.

yovelkvireul gazeTSi „axali saqarTvelo“(1999 w., 1117 marti, N 10, gv. 4) kote melaSvili zviad gamsaxurdias gamoCinebuli mtris, kita buaCiZis winaaRmdeg gamoqveynebul vrcel werilSi ambobs: „...merab mamardaSvili... antierovnuli, gadagvarebuli, gadajiSebuli adamiani gaxldaT, romelic bevr sxva sisuleleebTan erTad qadagebda, filosofias erovneba ara aqvso, ar SeiZleba erovnuli filosofia arsebobdeso...“.

kote melaSvili rasac ambobs zviadis didi moZulis da wlobiT misi damcinavis, kita buaCiZis winaaRmdeg, sruliad marTalia, magram mamardaSvilis SefasebaSi mas ver daveTanxmebi. rasac kote melaSvili mamardaSvilze wers, aris filosofiis arsis vergageba. mxolod kote melaSvili araa, visac ar esmis filosofiuri diskursis Tavisebureba. moviyvan TviT nodar naTaZis azrs misive wignidan „rac vici“ (Tb., 2002). es aris mogonebebi imisa, rac xdeboda 90ian wlebSi. ai ras wers erovnuli moZraobis dasamarebaSi didi wilis damdebi nodar naTaZe mamardaSvilis naTqvamze „WeSmariteba samSobloze maRla dgas“. naTaZe ambobs, rom mamardaSvilis am gamoTqmaze „ar vireagire, radgan am sityvebSi azri ar devs“ (gv. 303). amas mosdevs naTaZis msjeloba: „merab mamardaSvilis gamonaTqvami debulebad CaiTvleboda anu mis sityvebs azri miecemoda mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, mas rom, jer erTi, emsjela ara imaze, ra „ufro maRla dgas“, aramed mxolod imaze, „ra ufro maRla dgas adamianis TvalSi“ an „adamianTa TvalSi“... meorec, m. mamardaSvilis citirebul frazas azri miecemoda im SemTxvevaSi, mas rom erTmaneTisaTvis Seedarebina ara „samSoblo“ da „WeSmariteba“, aramed „WeSmaritebis Tqmis movaleoba“ da „samSoblos dacvis movaleoba“... (gv.304), (ixile aseve gv. 3059, sadac es “wiaRsvla” grZeldeba).

yoveli wignieri kaci naTaZis am namsjelis wakiTxviT darwmundeba damweris arafilosofiurobaSi, davTarareulobaSi. ara, ar varga kaci arc filosofosad, arc politikosad, sul sxvebisTvis ki imoZRvreba. naTaZis artistuli opozicioneroba 1991 wlis Semodgomaze da samitingo cancari, misi xuntruci parlamentSi, misi siaruli Tbilisis zRvaze, misi Wkuis kolofoba SevardnaZis parlamentSi qveyanas Wirad eqca. hegelis „gonis filosofiis“ qarTulad gadmomReb naTaZes (1984 wels 8 aTasiani tiraJiT gamovida es wigni) Tu es ver gaugia, rom mamardaSvilma mxolod gaimeora ZvelisZveli filosofema WeSmaritebis aRmatebulebaze, maSin es kidev erTxel adasturebs, rom mas filosofiisa ara gaegeba ra.

SevardnaZis modase istorikosma levan sanikiZem mamardaSvils usamSoblo kondotieri uwoda. es, ramdenadac maxsovs, iyo gazeTSi „Sansi“ . sanikiZe am gazeTis mudmivi avtori gaxldaT.

sanikiZis es naTqvami aitaca bevrma cudma istorikosma da filosofosma, romelnic saqarTveloSi aTasobiT arian. maT wlobiT xiTxiTi da qiliki edgaT mamardaSvilze. Tavad am sanikiZes ase unda hkiTxo: antikurobis istoriaSi muSaob, aleqsandre makedonelze, romis imperiaze wignebi dagiweria da mainc ar gesmis filosofiuri gansjis Tavisebureba. viTom arsad Segxvedria antikuri drois filosofosTa igive naTqvami, rac mamardaSvilma Tqva. ar gesmis mamardaSvilis naTqvamis azri. istorikosi xar da kondotieri vin iyo, esec ar ici. rogorc naTaZe atyuebda qveyanas Tavisi filosofosobiT, aseve levan sanikiZe atyuebda qveyanas Tavisi istorikosobiT. man 90ian wlebSi SevardnaZis daxmarebiT Seatanina Tavisi „deda istoria“ saSualo skolis programaSi savaldebulo sagnad. sxvisi jibriT dawerili wignia es misi „deda istoria“. qveynis moZRvrobas iCemebda sanikiZe da erTma aravin uTxra mas, rom wadi, jer Svili gazarde, es Seni gubaz sanikiZe da mere ieriskace. mamardaSvili Tu usamSoblo kondotieri iyo, politikis kondotieri da renegati gubaz sanikiZe xom aris mamuliSvili? gubaz sanikiZe Tavisi opoziciurobiT atyuebda qarTvelebs. Tu mamardaSvili kondotieri iyo, maSin aseve kondotierebi iyvnen ioane petriwi, giorgi mTawmindeli, eqvTime aToneli. gana petriwi ucxoeTidan ar movida saqarTveloSi? an kidev sxvebi, vinc Zvel droSi saqarTvelos kultura Seqmna?

sityva „kondotierma“ uaryofiTi azri SeiZina ganmanaTleblobis drois evropaSi, rodesac feodalizmis amogdeba filosofiur

doneze mimdinareobda mason ganmanaTlebelTa mier. manamdec, protestantuli omebis dros kondotieri uaryofiTad moixsenieboda. daqiravebuli meomris aRmniSvneli es italiuri sityva erTerTi maTgania, romelic politikur polemikaSi negatiuri azriT gamoiyeneboda. asevea sityvebi iezuiti, avanturisti, demagogosi, despoti, tirani. kondotieri iyo samxedro saqmis daqiravebuli mmarTveli Sua saukuneebis italiaSi. is iyo italiuri qalaqis despoti (mefe). kondotierebs mmarTveloba uwevdaT metad amoralur garemoSi. mravali italiuri qalaqi kondotierebisgan bevriT iyo davalebuli. maTi Zeglebi dgas italiaSi. maT garda aravis SeeZlo daeSoSminebina erTmaneTTan moqiSpe italiuri qalaqebi. kondotieri iyo kargic da cudic. italiis qalaqebSi kondotieri mudam avanscenaze Canda Tavisi simamaciTa da pirovnuli TvisebebiT. is mudam maxvilis pirze myofi kaci iyo, romlisac eSinodaT mis damqiraveblebs. aseve kondotiers eSinoda Tavisi usindiso damqiraveblebisa. arasodes daviviwyoT, rom renesansi italiaSi didi znedacemulobis garemoSi mimdinareobda. renesansis dros da renesansamde erTi saukuniT adre iyvnen kondotierebi. bevrma maTganma xeli Seuwyo xelovnebas. renesansis dasrulebasTan erTad isini wavidnen asparezidan.

mkiTxvelisaTvis aseve sayuradRebo iqneba Tengiz siguas azri mamardaSvilze. siguas amaze vkiTxe 2002 wels. man miTxra, merabi meubneboda, rom evropa kars migvixuravs im ultranacionalizmisaTvis, rasac zviad gamsaxurdia amkvidrebso. merabi aseve meubneboda, rom es kaci daRupavso saqarTvelos. siguam Tqva, rom ar iyo merabi iseTi kaci, rom is aq kremls gamoegzavnao. es mas mougones, radgan misTvis Tavidanve miuRebeli iyo qarTuli nacionalizmi da mesianizmio. siguam Tqva, me viziarebo merabis azrs, rom WeSmariteba samSobloze maRla dgas. jaba ioseliansac vkiTxe mamardaSvilze da rogorc mas sCveoda, qiliki daiwyo. iseTi veraferi Tqva, rom aq mosatani iyos.

mamardaSvili pirveldamwyebi iyo gasuli saukunis 80iani wlebis miwuruls da is aRemata mis Tanamedrove yvela qarTvel filosofoss. mamardaSvilis sityva ismoda moskovsa da leningradSi, parizsa da romSi. amas ver ityvi 90iani wlebis verc erT qarTvel filosofosze. bevri kritikuli ram, rac mamardaSvilis mier iTqva, dRes gacrecilia, radgan uaresi boroteba movida, rac daamkvidra liberalkapitalizmma. rac filosofiaSi arc ise mniSvnelovani iyo, isic ki didad Canda, radgan sabWoTa cenzura krZalavda an ar aZlevda gaSlis SesaZleblobas (mag., aqsiologia). akrZalva warmoaCenda did sagnad imas, rac iseTi araferi iyo. amaze spekulirebdnen qarTveli filosofosebi, romelnic metafizikas da religias saklisobdnen.

qarTvel filosofosTa mier veraferi iTqmis iseTi, rac dros gauZlebs. maTi laparaki aris konformistuli sityva da meti araferi („Cven ar gvinda platonidan momdinare socializmi“, „istoriuli materializmi da aTeizmi satanuri mecnierebaa“ da misTanani). nasaxic araa qarTvel filosofosTa Soris raime dasisa. mimarTulebis, mimdinareobis Seqmnaze xom zedmetia laparaki. aqamde Tu araferi Seiqmna Tsus filosofiis fakultetze, arc Seiqmneba. qarTvelma filosofosebma 80iani wlebis bolodan Tavi moaCvenes bolSevikuri materializmisagan tanjul idealistebad. maT Seqmnes maister ekhartisa da martin haidegerisaken swrafvis iluzia. yvelaferi daaboloves SevardnaZis apologiiT. qarTvel filosofosebs SurdaT mamardaSvilisa da sZuldaT is.

ramdeni filosofosi iyo erovnul moZraobaSi (irakli baTiaSvili, mixeil naneiSvili, nodar naTaZe, vaxtang goguaZe da bevri sxva). bedis dacinvis garda sxva ki ra iyo, rom amdeni filosofosis xelSi myof erovnul moZraobas bolos aseTi ubedureba daeTia Tavs. dReisaTvis bevri ram iTargmna (haidegeri, fuko, sartri da sxvebi), magram qarTvelTa modgma darCa usmi da ugebi filosofiis mimarT. axla ramdeni filosofosia politikaSi (mixeil maxaraZe, gigi TevzaZe, gia nodia, sergo ratiani da sxv.) da ra iqmneba? sad dgas qarTvel filosofosTa umetesoba, Tu ara saxelisuflo banakSi? aqvs azri imas, rom maT laparaki dauwyo Tundac yvelaze mcire sakiTxze? qarTuli filosofia sruli pluralizmis viTarebaSic ki darCa partiul filosofiad, s a x e l i s u f l o

goCa gvasalia



hudonis giganturi hesis mSeneblobis sakiTxi biZina ivaniSvilis mTavrobis xelSi kvlav aqtualuri gaxda, ramac 1988 wlis msgavsad, erovnuli moZraobis, qarTveli sazogadoebisa da svaneTis mosaxleobis saerTo mRelvareba gamoiwvia. xelisufleba jerjerobiT ar apirebs ukan daxevasa da hesis momgebian proeqtze uaris Tqmas, arc studentoba da mosaxleoba apirebs daTmobas, Seguebas da ayras svaneTis miwidan.

energetikisa da sainJinro mecnierebaTa doqtor miron fircxalanis TqmiT hudoni da sxva sadgurebic wina, anu saakaSvilis xelisuflebis mier aris gasxvisebuli indur kompaniaze, romlis gegmiT unda aSendes 700 megavatiani sadguri, 200 metri simaRlis, rac niSnavs soflebis haiSis, Wuberisa da idlianis mosa xleTagan daclas, anu 4 000 adamianis gadasaxlebas. patrioti energetikosebisa da svaneTis mosaxleobis moTxovnaa kaS xali gadavides 5 kilometris zeviT, rac uzrunvel hyofs 500 megavatian (700is nacvlad) sadguris aSenebas, rac agvacilebs soflebidan mosaxleobis gadasaxlebis mtkivneul process. miron fircxalanis TqmiT, agreTve hudonhesis aSenebiT xalxi sargebels ver miiRebs, radgan ZviradRirebuli hesidan gamomuSavebuli eleqtroenergia dRevandeli 13 TeTris nac vlad 18 TeTri eRireba da mogebas mxolod ucxoeli investorebi naxaven saqarTvelos wina da dRevandeli xelisuflebis CinonvikebTan erTad. garda imisa, rom darRveulia saq.konstitucia, romelic krZalavs strategiuli obieqtebis ucxoelebze gasxvisebas, darRveulia svaneTis mosaxleobis uflebebic, romlebsac araferi hkiTxes am giganturi hesis (da momavalSi kidev 5 hesis) aSenebasTan dakavSirebiT. mosaxleobis mRelvarebas iwvevs, agreTve soflebis dat borva da micvalebulTa saflavebis gar dauvali walekva. svanebma ukve xatebze daiwyes daficeba, rom ar Seeguebian mTavrobis am vandalur gegmas!

yofili fexburTelis, ivaniSvilis mTavrobis energetikis ministr kaxi kalaZis TqmiT hudonhesi da kidev 5 hesi mainc aSendeba. kaxi kalaZe hesebis mSenebeli induri kompaniis

hudonhesi - orpira maxvili naiarev WrilobazeerTerT qarTvel kompanionad saxeldeba, rac aZlierebs, uTuod, mis interessa da gavlenas svaneTsa da danarCen saqarTveloSic hesebis mSeneblobaze.

amgvari viTareba kidev erTxel cxadhyofs, Tu rogor ar unda davuSvaT amomrCevlebma biznesmenebis mosvla politikaSi, rac postzviadisturi xelisuflebis mankier normad iqca. sxvagvarad Cven uZluri vxdebiT lagami amovdoT, aw ukve xelisuflebaSi myofi

biznesmenebis aRZruls xarb madas meti da meti simdidris moxveWisaTvis.

premierministrma biZina ivaniSvi lma 30 seqtembers moawyo ga fa rToebuli Sexvedra e.w. investorebTan, romelSic qarTvel biznesmenebs gaci lebiT Warbobda ucxoelebi msof liodan. ivaniSvilis TqmiT am SekrebiT man safuZveli Cauyara grandiozul moklevadian da grZel vadian proeqtebs, romlebic gaxorcieldeba saqarTveloSi. es iqneba sazRvao portebis, rkinigzebis, sawarmoebisa da soflismeurneobis dargebis mSenebloba. investorebis am TavyrilobasTan dakavSirebiT komentari gaakeTa aSS elCma saqarTveloSi riCard norlandma, romelmac didi ukmayofileba gamoTqva saqarTveloSi moqmed miwis kanonTan dakavSirebiT, romelic zRudavs miwis ucxoelebze gayidvas. ivaniSvilis mTavroba, romelmac saprezidento arCevnebis periodSi droebiTi moratoriumi gamoacxada miwis gayidvasTan dakavSirebiT, arCevnebis Semdgom apirebs moratoriumis moxsnas da kanonis liberalizaciasac, rac saqarTvelos mosaxleobis did ukmayofilebasa da protests iwvevs, rameTu 22 wlis ganmavlobaSi ukiduresad gaRatakebul meurne xalxs miwis gareSe darCena eliT! 30 seqtembris Tavyriloba ucxoel biznesmenebTan,

umokles droSi, aseve damokles maxviliviT daekideba isedac mciremiwian saqarTvelos Tavze.

miwebis araqarTvelebze gayidvis dana Saulebrivi procesi, jer kidev komunistebis dros daiwyo da ganaxlda Sevar dnaZis xuntisturi xelisuflebis mosvlis Tanave, rasac komunistebis droidan ewinaaRmdegebodnen da amxeldnen erovnulganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis liderebi zviad gamsaxurdia da merab kostava TavianT aralegarul JurnalgazeTebSi. xolo, zviad gamsaxurdiam gaprezidentebisTanave daiwyo komunistebis drois miwis gamyidvelTa gamoZieba samSoblos moRalatisa kvalificiuri braldebiT, rasac agenturuli komunistebis revanSistulma revoluciam dausva wertili.

qvemoT gTavazobT erovnulganmaTavisuflebeli moZraobis liderebis zviad gamsaxurdiasa da merab kostavas po zicias hudonhesisa da msgavsi didi hesebis mSe nebloblobasTan dakavSirebiT (red.).

megobrebo!rogorc ki svaneTSi Camovedi, me gavige,

rom sadac axla xudonhesi Sendeba, iq yofila warwera: „enguro, Cven ramdenime gzis unda dagimorCiloT Sen!“

ramdenime gzis damorCileba niSnavs ramdenime hesis agebas, anu enguris gvirabebSi gatarebas, enguris kalapotis daSrobas garkveul regionebSi da a.S.

me vityodi rom es enguris damorCilebis survili ki ar aris, aramed enguris mokvdinebis survilia, megobrebo, e.i. undaT enguri moklan!

engurma Tu is kalapoti ar gaiara, gesmiT, engurze Tu is nawarmoebebi ar daiwera , rogoric iyo „mTvaris motaceba“, „almacgir kibulan“...

almacgir kibulani Tavisi Svilis saSvelad gacuravs engurs da Seva zRvaSi, rodesac qarTuli vaJkacobis es emocia gadmoiRvreba qarTul qmnilebaSi, amis ganmapirobebeli aris saqarTvelos buneba da upirveles yovlisa mdinare enguri.

da Tu ki enguris modinebas Cven ver vnaxavT, Tu ki Cven ver vigrZnobT , rac igrZno TaraS emxvarma, rodesac adidebuli enguris gadalaxva swadda, Tuki Cven mTel am silamazes, mSvenierebas, rac Cven gangebam gviwilada, ver vigrZnobT, maSin rasakvirvelia verc erTi hesi, verc erTi energetikuli saSualeba ver gaamarTlebs imas, rasac Cven vkargavT.

Cven unda davakvirdeT bunebis qmnilebebs da saerTod mTel dedamiwas.

amerikis mTel kontinentze CrdiloeTidan samxreTisaken ganlagebulia andebi da kordilierebi, da aseve evropaSi da aziaSi mTianeTi gasdevs evropidan, alpebidan himalaimde, es erTi xazia, gadmodis kavkasionze, Sua aziaSipamiri, tianSani da gadadis samxreTisaken.

Cven vxedavT, rom rac ufro CrdiloeTidan samxreTisaken modian es mTebi, miT ufro maRldebian. imitom rom zemoT aris zoli maradiuli myinvarebisa da maradi Tovlisa, romelic gangebam imisTvis Seqmna, rom kacobriobas hqondes iseTi fenomeni, rogoric aris mdinare.

mdinare es aris adamianis cxovrebis wyaro. uwin yvelam icoda, rom TiToeul mdinares

hyavda Tavisi RmerTi. es Zvelma berZnebmac, Zvelma indoelebmac icodnen. didi kulturebi iq Seiqmna, sadac didi mdinareebia. egviptelebi aRmerTebdnen niloss, aseve indoelebiTavianT or mdinares, aseve SuamdinareTSi aRmerTebdnen mdinareebs da kulturac CrdiloeTidan samxreTisaken gadadioda da samxreTidan CrdiloeTisaken ... midioda zRvisaken...

egviptis kultura daiwyo nilosis Sua welSi, gadavida deltaSi.

aseve moxda indoeTSi, SuamdinareTSi, e.i. me ratom vlaparakob engurze. igi dasavleT saqarTvelos erTerTi udidesi mdinarea, mTeli am regionis macocxlebeli da masuldgmulebeli da igi ver unda daimorCilos adamianma ramdenime gzis ki ara da erTgzisac!

da TviT sityva damorCileba bunebisa, es aris boroteba, simcdare da mkrexeloba...

merab kostava1988 wlis 30 oqtomberi,

sityva warmoTqmuli mestiaSigamarTul mitingze.



mecnierebad da ko nformizmis disci plinad. aba Tqvas raRac ma

mardaSvilis Sromebis redaqtorma gia nodiam iseTi, rom yuris sagdebad Rirdes. nodia erTerTia, vinc mamardaSvilis saxeli politikuri karierisaTvis gamoiyena.

maSin, monopartiuli ideologiis Jams iyo mxolod dialeqtikuri materializmi. yuradsaRebi isaa, rom aTeisturi filosofiac ki vervin ganaviTara saqarTveloSi. vervin waikiTxa frangi aTeistebi ise, rom SeZleboda maTi interpretacia. esec xom marqsizmleninizmis brali ar iyo? aTeizmi filosofiuri diskursis ganuyofeli nawilia. swored im haidegerma, romelsac ase mosaCveneblad eswrafodnen 90iani wlebis qarTveli filosofosebi, Seqmna iseTi filosofia, romelic uSualo mimarTebaSia frangul aTeizmTan. es dainaxa haidegeris ganakvalSi mdgomma saqarTveloSi adreve kargad cnobilma Jan pol sartrma.

maSin monisturi sabWoTa ideologia iyo da is bevrs krZalavda, magram dRes, pluralizmis viTarebaSi amTavreben filosofiis fakultets da midian xelisuflebaSi, midian NGOebSi (arasaxelisuflo organizaciebSi) sakariero mizniT. es NGOebi aris tramplini moliberalo karieristebisaTvis, rogorc adre iyo komkavSiris centraluri komiteti kompartiis aparatSi mosaxvedrad komunisti medroveebisaTvis. arasamTavroboebi xdebian samTavroboebi. es ase ar unda iyos, magram asea. gamoicema SemecnebisaTvis ufasuri wignebi, savse liberalizmis im stereotipebiT, romelnic diskreditebulia 90iani wlebidanve. evropaamerikis universitetebi daiares, wlobiT dasavleTSi iyvnen da ra? ra filosofiuri ideebi gamoTqves? romelime maTgans adardebs saqarTvelos ubedureba? romelime maTgani ambobs raime Rirebuls dasavleTis civilzaciis krizisze?

totalitaruli fenomeni, razec mamardaSvili wers Tavis „saubrebSi“, sinamdvileSi evropam Sva da ara ruseTma. protestantuli reformacia swored kaTolikurmonarqiul totalitarizmTan brZola iyo. dasavleTma diversiis mizniT moigona, rom totalitarizmi ruseTma Sva. is iyo evropuli movlena da raxan protestantebis brZola vatikanTan karga xnis gardasuli iyo da dakarguli hqonda politikuri aqtualoba, amitom totalitarizmis warmoSoba bolSevizms dabralda.

mamardaSvili mouwodebda msmenels: „ganvwmindoT Cveni cnobiereba da azrovneba stereotipebisagan ... davinaxoT realoba...“ („saubrebi filosofiaze“. Tb., 1992, gv. 172). es swori iyo, magram libertarizmma daamkvidra ufro veragi stereotipebi. istoriuli materializmi, romelsac merabi augad axsenebs, arc mTlad ase gasaabuCebi disciplinaa. Sromisa da kapitalis antagonizmis problema gana ufro meti simwvaviT ar dadga libertarianul epoqaSi? gana Sromisa da kapitalis sakiTxze, romelic Sors scdeba marqsizms, ar laparakobs mravali dasavleli mecnieri 2009 wlis ekonomikuri kolafsis Semdeg aSSSi?

qarTvels uWirs azris avtarkiulobisa da avtonomiurobis dacva. mas ar SeuZlia raime ideis midevna da msaxureba. mas kargad exerxeba verbaluri improvizaciebi da politikuri imitacia. qarTveli arasodes araa nonkonformisti, maSinac ki, roca amis didi aucilebloba dgeba. axla liberalkapitalizmis formaciuli krizisi mwvavdeba da mTlianad es wyobileba bolosken wavida. amaze Tavad dasavleli filosofosni weren. es sakiTxi tabuirebulia qarTul humanitaristikaSi. yvelgan konformizmi da moCvenebiTobaa. saqarTveloSi Seqmnilma kacTmoZulebrivma sistemam gaaCuma yvelani aTjer Seyvedrebuli saleqtoro jamagiris pirSi CaCriT. universitetis qiris kacebad qceuli humanitarebi axleburi yaidiT atyueben qveyanas, rom Tavisufal samecniero saqmianobas ewevian da studentobas sakuTari azris gamoTqmas aswavlian. saqarTveloSi ver iqmneba inteleqtualTa organizebuli klasi. ver iqmneba dasi politikuri an religiuri ideis garSemo. axla hxams axali disidentobis dawyeba. mxolod sagazeTo raindoba, marqsis dacinva da brifingebze brZnoba arafers niSnavs. rad ar daismis qarTvel filosofosTa mier kiTxva: ra aris axlandel Jams RmerTi? ras niSnavs am avJamobaSi es sityva? ra universuli idea unda hqondes istorias, rodesac kapitalisturi formacia sruldeba?

arsad ase borotad ar mohqcevia Tavis qveyanas wignier adamianTa klasi, rogorc es qarTvelma inteligenciam gaakeTa. aRmoCnda, rom saqarTvelos ara hyavs Tavisi miwisa da modgmis moyvare politikuri da inteleqtualuri elita. ra ambavia presaSi da erToba ki arsadaa.

mamardaSvilis danaSavari isaa, rom igi ar unda damdgariyo opoziciuri inteligenciis gverdiT. merabma Tvali daibrmava da ar dainaxa, rom opozicia yvela Tavis msjelobaSi iyo zerele da fraziori. mas arc zneobrivi principi gaaCnda da arc ideis mimdevari iyo. es inteligencia sinamdvileSi arasodes yofila liberali am sityvis saukeTeso gagebiT. es inteligencia ver Seqmnida epoqas, rogorc es Seqmnes Tavdadebulma evropelma protestantma liberalebma XVIXVIII saukuneebSi. es inteligencia ver gaavlebda xnuls postsabWoTa droSi. is yovelTvis iqneboda is, rac igi iyo 199296 wlebSi. mas arc WeSmariteba adardebda da arc samSoblo. merabma ar moisurva amis danaxva, radgan is zviads eqiSpeboda da Tavad surda yofiliyo eris azrTampyrobeli da ideuri beladi. SeuZlebelia merabis maxvil Tvals gamohparvoda ra Svilic iyo opozicioneri inteligencia. merabs arasodes araferi kritikuli ar uTqvams opozicioner inteligenciaze. arada, am inteligencias aSkarad etyoboda, rom Tavs aCvenebda, sisxli swyuroda, qveynis arevas da gaZarcvas elamoda. mamardaSvils unda scodnoda, rom qarTvelni arasodes yofilan imdenad znekeTilni da kulturosanni, rom maT SeZlebodaT evropul liberalizmze Tavisi cxovrebis dafuZneba. merabs surda warmoedgina, rom zviadis momtere qarTveli inteligencia raime saSviliSvilo saqmis SemZle iyo. ai esaa mamardaSvilis danaSauli. mas uxamda eTqva, rom inteligencia cudad avardnili iyo da qveyanas Tavze daimxobda. mas unda daenaxa, rom mis saxels da mis filosofias amoefarebodnen politikuri kintoebi da qveyanas moaRorebdnen. is iyo inteligencia, romelic yvela sisaZagles Caidenda gamsaxurdias mosaklavad da erovnuli moZraobis amosaZirkvad. merabma Tqva, Tu qarTveli eri gamsaxurdias airCevs prezidentad, maSin me Cemi xalxis winaaRmdeg wavalo. es mas ar unda eTqva. misi es naTqvami opoziciam pirze daikera da Tavis bilwobas amiT amarTlebda. samesisxlod aRrenili inteligencia mamardaSvilis am naTqvamze miuTiTebda da msaxioburad filosofosobda.

RvTis gangebuleba Tu iyo, rom merabi ar moeswro qarTveli inteligenciis dacemas 1991 wlis Semodgomaze da 1992 wlis dasawyisSi. mamardaSvili aRar moeswro inteligenciis deklasantobisa da gaqrobis process. man aRar ixila saqarTvelos gaZarcva qarTvelTaganve da omebis moRalaturad wageba, Semdeg zviadis winaaRmdeg atexili isteria da sicrue afxazeTis dabrunebaze. politikis gaazreba ar gascilebia luiza SakiaSvilis, SoTa nadiraSvilis, iza orjonikiZis, guranda gabunias, dimitri jaianis, jansuR Carkvianis interviuebis dones. oc welze meti gamoxda da mainc isev afrakebi politikosoben.

irakli baTiaSvilTan Sin Sekrebilan mamardaSvili da sxvebi. isini bWobdnen postsabWoTa saqarTvelos momavalze da mamardaSvilis kidev erTi danaSauli isaa, rom man ver ganWvrita neokolonializmisa da dasavluri amoraluri politikis safrTxe. is odnavac ar SeeWvda dasavluri libertarianuli gzis WeSmaritebaSi. gasagebi iyo, rom arsebobda sabWoTa ideologiis Sablonebi da yalbi ena, magram gana ideologiuri Sablonebi da siyalbe dasavleTSi ar iyo? maS ram dabada dasavleTis amdeni kritikosi TviT dasavleTSi 7080ian wlebSi da ufro adre? swored filosofoss uxamda amis gaazreba, amaze ubnoba. miutevebeli Secdoma iyo maniqeveluri yaidiT imis ukamaTo debulebad damkvidreba, rom sabWoeTi satanuria da dasavleTi ki bibliuri sulierebiT aRvsili. ai aman didad avno 90iani wlebis damdegis politikur diskurss.

rac dRes xdeba demokratiisa da Tavisuflebis saxeliT, amaze rad aras ityvian qarTveli filosofosebi? sauwyebo usamarTloba, sabanko totalitarizmi da mevaxSeobaa saqarTveloSi. ra SeZlo qarTulma humanitaristikam ganvlil oc weliwadSi, rom raime iyos saTqmeli da xelmosaWidi? ratom aras ityvian dRemde mamardaSvilis saxels amofarebuli liberali medroveebi imaze, rom saqarTvelo ileva? qveynis parlamenti da mTavroba 2013 wlis SemodgomisaTvis aris qarTvelTa modgmis kidev erTi katastrofa.

es aris yvela principisa da normis uaryofa, rac gamarTlebulia imiT, rom qveyana iswrafvis evrokavSirsa da NATOSi. rad Caukmendia xma yvela im filosofoss, vinc guSin gazeTebSi interviuebs banqos qaRaldiviT arigebda? ra aris qarTuli filosofia dRes, Tu ara miCumaTeba, gaqceva da damalva sinamdvilisagan? ai ase miuzRo qarTvelobas gangebam gulzvaobisa da camde asuli tutucobis gamo.

1902 wels arCil jorjaZem dawera: „siborotiTa da siZulviliT aivso Cveni guli da qveyana. grZnobebiT gatacebulni, siaviT da siafTriT Ronemixdilni unugeSod, urwmunod SevyurebT burusiT mocul momavals...“.

gana axlac ase araa? Tu sul asea saqarTvelos istoriaSi, maSin ra yofila qarTvelTa modgma? saqarTvelos uaxloesi warsuli qarTvelTa yvelaze didi mamxilebelia. ai am darCenil,

mciredqmnil saqarTvelos ver patronoben qarTvelni. arCil jorjaZemve Tqva: „... keTili da bednieri momavali Sedegia keTili warsulisa da Tu es warsuli uvargisia, kargi momavlis imedi mcirea“.

gana zviadma ki ar uwyoda, rom WeSmariteba samSobloze maRla idga? qarTvelTa gamoRviZebisaTvis iyo saWiro misi nacionalizmi da mesianizmi. mxolod liberalizmis postulatebis momxreoba cotas niSnavda. qarTvelTa samermiso konsolidaciisaTvis iyo saWiro nacionalizmi da qarTuli mesianizmi im dros, roca sabWoTa imperiis daSla Ralatis gziT daiwyo Tavad am imperiis politikurma elitam. zviads Tavidanve surda, rom politika yofiliyo qristianuli da zneobiT aRvsili, rogorc amas Tavad dasavleTi amtkicebda 90iani wlebis damdegs. zviads swamda dasavleTis am sityvisa. merab mamardaSvils es unda daenaxa da uTuod aReniSna. erTi sakeTilo sityva ar Tqva merabma zviadze. dasavleli libertari Tavad iyo mesianisti. is Tavis mesianizms gamoTqvamda sabazro ekonomikisa da liberaluri filosofiis cnebebiT. gana amas ver xedavda evropuli filosofiis mcodne mamardaSvili? Tavisi msjelobiT man kidev ufro gaaxela politikur poziorobas Seyenebuli opozicioneri inteligencia. mxolod imis Tqma, rom misTvis miuRebeli iyo zviadis ultranacionalizmi, cotas niSnavda. gana aseTive ultranacionalizmi ar iyo baltiispireTSi? iqauri nacionalizmi gacilebiT Tanmimdevruli da konsolidirebuli iyo, vidre qarTuli nacionalizmi. qarTul nacionalizms ZirSive wamlavda opoziciuri inteligenciis zerele medasavleTeoba da politikanuri Teatraloba. zviadis brali ar iyo is, rac qarTvelTa eTnikuri Tvisebebidan momdinare zadiereba iyo da iqneba yvela droSi. Seuvali faqti isaa,

ras vfiqrob merab mamardaSvilze? დასაწყისი მე-6 გვ.

დასასრული მე-13 გვ.



გაგრძელება მე-15 გვ.

Cvens wina werilSi visaubreT saqarTvelos prezidentobaze pretenziebis mqone ramdenime politikosis Sesaxeb.

saarCevno kampania dawyebulia da TiToeuli kandidati SeZlebisdagvarad awarmoebs winasaarCevno Sexvedrebs amomrCevlebTan.

erTianma nacionalurma moZraobam saprezidento kandidatad waradgina wina mowvevis parlamentis Tavmjdomare daviT baqraZe.

urigo ar iqneba Tu gadavxedavT prezidentobis kandidatobamde mis mier ganvlil cxovrebis gzas, gavigoT vin aris, saidan movida igi.

erTiani nacionaluri moZrobis wevrobadmis daviT baqraZis cxovrebiseul biografias amSvenebs SevardnaZis xelisuflebaSi samsaxuri sxvadasxva Tanamdebobebze:

19971998 ww. – saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa saministros ganiaraRebisa da SeiaraRebis kontrolis sammarTvelos ufrosis moadgile;

19982000 ww. – saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa saministros ganiaraRebisa da SeiaraRebis kontrolis sammarTvelos ufrosi;

20002002 ww. – saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa saministros samxedropolitikuri departamentis direqtoris moadgile;

20022003 ww. – saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos aparatis uSiSroebis sakiTxTa samsaxuris ufrosi;

20032004 ww. – saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos sagareo politikuri usafrTxoebisa da konfliqtebis problematikis departamentis direqtori;

2004 wlis aprilamde saqarTvelos erovnuli uSiSroebis sabWos politikuri usafrTxoebis departamentis direqtori;

20042007 ww. – saqarTvelos me6 mowvevis parlamentis wevri. evropasTan integraciis komitetis Tavmjdomare;

20072008 – saqarTvelos saxelmwifo ministri konfliqtebis mogvarebis sakiTxebSi;

2008 wlis 5 maisamde. – saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministri;

2008 wlis 7 ivnisidan – saqarTvelos me7 mowvevis parlamentis Tavmjdomare.

internetsivrceSi arsebuli am oficialuri cnobebidan naTlad sCans, rom d. baqraZe, jer kidev siymawvilidanve `ziarebia~ SevardnaZis skolas da maRal Tanamdebeobebzec umoRvawia, anu igi gamowrTobilia SevardnaZis kadrebis samWedloSi.

daviT baqraZe, rogorc moqkavSiris sxva bevri axalgazrda politikuri „moRvawe“ gadadis erTian nacionalur moZraobaSi modernizebul moqkavSirSi da agrZelebs politikur saqmianobas. nino burjanaZisa da nac.moZraobis gayris Semdeg mixeil saakaSvili mas svams parlametis Tavmjdomaris savarZelSi.

saqarTveloze gawerili scenris Tanaxmad nac.moZraobas Caenacvla Zvelebisagan Semdgari axali „qarTuli ocnebis“ koalicia, d. baqraZe axlad arCeul saqarTvelos parlamentSi mkvidrdeba rogorc saparlamento umciresobis lideri .

baqraZe warmoadgens im xelisuflebas, romelsac CvenSi, ratomRac moiazreben ruseTis imperiasTan dapirisirebul, prodasavlur xelisuflad, romelic miiltvoda saqarTvelos natoSi da evrokavSirSi gawevrianebisaken.

internetsivrceSi gavrcelda „mwvaneTa partiis“ lideris gia gaCeCilaZis mier Sekrebili strategiuli daniSnulebis obieqtebis sia, romlebic saakaSvilma ruseTs mihyida :

1) engurhesi _ rusuli kompania `raoesi~.2) Jinvalhesi _ rusuli kompania `raoesi~.3) rionhesi _ rusuli kompania ̀ enerj investi~.4) gumbaTi 1, gumbaTi 2 _ rusuli kompania

ènergo pro~.5) lajanurhesi _ rusuli kompania ènergo

pro~.6) Saorhesi _ rusuli kompania ènergo pro~.7) aWaris wyali _ rusuli kompania ènergo

pro~.varcixe 1 _ rusuli kompania ìnter rao~.varcixe 2 _ rusuli kompania ìnter rao~.

საპრეზიდენტო არჩევნები...varcixe 3 _ rusuli kompania ìnter rao~.varcixe 4 _ rusuli kompania ìnter rao~.9) xrami 1 _ rusuli kompania `raoesi~.10) xrami 2 _rusuli kompania `raoesi~.11) xrami 312) xrami 4 _ aSenebis nebarTvebic `raoess~

evaleba xelSekrulebiT.13) xrami 514) yaztransgaz Tbilisi _ rusuli kompania

`gazpromi~.15) gazgamanawilebeli kompania ìtera~

_ rusuli kompania `gazpromis~ Svilobili kompaniaa.

16) Sav zRvaSi navTobisa da gazis mompovebeli firma àleqsi~ _ rusuli kompania `gazpromis~ Svilobili kompaniaa.

17) gardabnis me9 energo bloki _ rusuli kompania ìnterrao~.

1 gardabnis me10 energo bloki _ rusuli kompania ìnterrao~.

19) maRali Zabvis gadamcemi 500 kilogrami xazebi _ rusuli kompania ìnterrao~.

20) `madneuli~ _ rusuli kompania `promiSel investi~.

21) `kvarciti~ _ rusuli kompania `promiSel investi~.

22) saborne gadazidvebi foTidan da baTumidan _`ruseTis rkinigza~.

23) kompania `bilaini~ _ rusuli kompania.

24) àzoti~ _ rusuli kompania `promiSel investi~.

25) `gaerTianebuli qarTuli banki~ _ rusuli kompania `viTibi~.

26) `lukoili rusuli kompania” lukoili.”

27) zestafonis `fero~ _ rusuli kompania `promiSel investi~.

28) elmavalmSenebeli qar xa na _ rusuli kompania `dema kompiuteri~.

29) aramiancis, Tbilisis #1 saavadmyofo _ rusuli kompania `batusi~.

30) Tbilisis wyali _ rusuli kompania `jorjian voTer paueri“

am dokumentidan naTlad sCans viTarebis namdvili arsi, romelic eWvqveS ayenebs nacmoZraobis prodasavlurobas.

Cveni pozocia da azri aseTia, modernizebuli moqkavSiri saqarTvelos erTiani nacionaluri moZraoba unda Cabardes warsuls da aRarasodes aRar unda mobrundes!

axla, rac Seexeba nino burjanaZis kandidaturas da mis mxardamWerebsa Tu eleqtorats.

nino burjanaZe warmomadgeneli komunisturi aristokratiis ojaxisa, dRes samosgamocvlili da SefuTuli fsevdodemokrati, fsevdopatriotia. SevardnaZis klanis erTerTi mniSvnelovani warmomdgeneli qarTul politikaSi. sinamdvileSi ruseTis imperiuli zraxvebis saimedo dasayrdeni Cvens qveyanaSi. gadavxedoT misi cxovrebis mateanesac.

igi quTaisSi, anzor burjanaZis ojaxSia aRzrdili, aqedan gamomdinare mas ar gauWi rdeboda Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis prestiJul iuridiul fakultetze Caricxvac. universitetis damTavrebisTanave gaamweses moskovis lomonosovis universitetis aspiranturaSi.

rogorc cnobilia, burjanaZe aris SevardnaZis naTluli, raic aSkarad atyvia mis politikur Tu samecniero karieras.

anzor burjanaZis, Telavis raikomis mdivnis ojaxi metad daaxloebuli iyo SevardnaZis karze. anzor burjanaZes yovelTvis Semosavliani Tanamdebobebi eWira, magram anzor burjanaZem gansakuTrebiT didi fuli 199396 wlebSi iSova, roca qveyana SimSilis piras iyo. anzori qveynis purproduqtebis mTavari ganmkargavi gaxldaT,

mSieri xalxi ki naklebad dagidevs puris xarisxs. amiT burjanaZem araerTgzis ixeira...

yvelas gvaxsovs maSindeli puris gemo, romlis miRebac, Turme specialistebis azriT, pirutyvisTvisac ki saSiSi da miuRebeli iyo, radgam uamravi daavadebis gamomwvevs da sawindars warmoadgenda, maT Soris onkologiuri daavadebebis, romelic ase gavrcelebulia dRes saqarTveloSi da utoldeba eris biologiur genocids!

presaSi, eleqtronul mediaSi mravlad aris amis Sesaxeb cnobebi da Tavs ar SevawyenT mkiTxvels. ukanono, danaSaulebrivi garigebebiTa da maqinaciebiT anzor burjanaZem milionebi moxveta.

diax, tyuilubralod ar daxvedria igi, ojaxiTurT, e. SevardnaZes 1992 wlis 7 marts Tbilisis aeroportSi.

simamris mier dawyebuli uZiro ormos amovseba siZem gaagrZela, romelic aseve sarfian

savarZlebSi gaamwesa „mamamarCenalma“. savarZlebis garda biwaZe advilad dauflebia fulis Sovnis teqnologiebsac. amis Sesaxeb vgebulobT „vikiliqsis“ wyaroebidanc, romelic gazeTma „24 saaTi“ gamoaqveyna:

skandaluri saiti „vikiliqsi” saqarTveloSi aSSis yofili elCis jon teftis diplomatiur gzavnils aqveynebs (14:19 05.06.2013), romelSic parlamentis imJaimndeli spikeris nino burjanaZis gegmebzea saubari.

gamocemis informaciiT, tefti mtkicebulebebze dayrdnobiT wers, rom burjanaZis meuRle, sasazRvro policiis imJamindeli Sefi badri biwaZe „didi moculobis Tanxebs ruseTSi damkvidrebuli qarTvelebisgan iRebs, romelTa nawili SesaZloa, kriminaluri sindikatis warmomadgeneli iyos”.

„saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa ministris informaciiT, burjanaZem zafxulis didi nawili ucxoeTSi gaatara. merabiSvilis TqmiT, arsebobs utyuari mtkicebulebebi, rom biwaZem 500000 dolari tariel onianisgan miiRo, romlis saxelic muxrovanis amboxis mcdelobas ukavSirdeba. ministris informaciiT, biwaZesTan mniSvnelovani fuladi saxsrebi moskovSi mcxovrebi kanonieri qurdebisgan somxeTis gavliT modis. merabiSvili imasac aRniSnavs, rom burjanaZe da biwaZe evropaSi xSirad mogzaurobdnen da iq kanonier qurdebTan Sexvedrebs marTavdnen” – naTqvamia, „24 saaTis” informaciiT, „vikiliqsis” mier gamoqveynebul werilSi.

rac Seexeba burjanaZis gegmebs, elCi Tavdacvis amJamindel ministr irakli alasaniasTan Sexvedris detalebzec wers.

„dokumentis Tanaxmad, alasaniam (“Cveni saqarTveloTavisufali demokratebi”) elCs uambo, rom burjanaZe muSaobda eka beseliasTan


10 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

ლ ი ტ ე რ ა ტ უ რ უ ლ ი გ ვ ე რ დ ი

lazi – lazare (qarTuli misteria vaJa–fSavelas motivebze)

krZalviT, saCuqrad sveticxovels,sruliad saqarTvelos kaTalikos–patriarqs, uwmindessa da unetares ilia II–s, marTlmadidebel mrevls, martvil, gaucxoebul qarTul diasporas...

kurTxeuls urcxvad vaginebT,codvebiT zeca zanzarebs...mauwye, arsTa gamrigev,lazi Tu aris lazare? aq, Cvens TvistomSi, umecars,sulmoklesa da brazianszeSTaagone, uecrad,Tuki lazare, lazia... gangebiT, wuTisofluriT, vxmobdi evropas, azias... movfine fiqri kolxuri – “egeb, lazare lazia?!..”wmindao, Seni nebiTada ZaliT davivanebiT,kolxebis moTminebiTaiTmens zisxiri sxvanebis! sxvas aras gvedreb, ufalo, ar vemarTlebi... lazareTs, garSemo vuvli nasufrals, miwyiv moveli lazareTs......ra gvWirs, aseTi qarTvelebs,fesvebze rogor vbrazdebiT?–

germane facaciaლექსები

vikvirvoT, rom ver gagvTeleslazareebi–lazebi...

umal gvewveva saSveli,gzas Tu avarCevT, azrians,rom “lazi aris qarTveli,qarTveli yvela lazia!..” rad iucxoos armazma, argonavtebi da argo, an, Tu gveuwya, rom lazma sveticxoveli aago?!..dardi dagvtovebs veeba,yuri mivugdoT am zarebs,xsnis macned Segvegebebamiwaze, lazi–lazare! ...naTlismcemeli Tamadobs aRmsdgar lazares qorwilSi, qarTulad TavisTavadobs odoiaTi odiSi...fxizloben akvnis gamTlelni,mtris rokvas vumzerT, sazarels,qarTulad zeobs qarTveli,darajobs lazi–lazare!

zecas mivakraT Tamasa,davokdeT Svilni, uZRebni,dRes nu CavidenT, xval rasacmonaniebas vuZebniT!.. vweroT mermisi RvTis kalmiT, Sumer–xeTuriT, zedaSiT, WeSmarit ierusalims veziarebiT mcxeTaSi!.....acivda, kvarTis bralia?!–codvaa, dRes, uCumroba,male iqneba, Zalian...macxovris, mcxeTas, stumroba!...

am bolo ori aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi omebi ar dahklebia Cvens isedac mravaltanjul samSoblos. dRes ki, arc omia da aRarc mSvidoba. germane facacias sityvebiT ki „ avi raRaca xdeba am sawuTroSi dRes, ise civdeba yofa, TiTqos Sescivda mzes“.

swored aseT yofaSi, uflisa da samSoblos moyvasi, tradiciuli faseulebebis erTguli germane, gonebisa da mSfoTvare sulis koncentrirebis

niWiT axerxebda mis garSemo idumali simSvidisa da optimisturi ganwyobis Seqmnas. „ufals vinc uyvars, mas aTas gansacdels umzadebs“–o ityoda da samSoblos sadRegrZelos daayolebda, rac misi aRfrTovanebis uSreti wyaro iyo.

momitevos misma didma da mSfoTvare sulma, rom ver SevZeli sicocxleSive ise movferebodi, rogorc is axerxebda Cvens moferebas.

samwuxarod Zalian adre datova wuTisofeli, rac Cems Taobas maradiul tkivilad darCeba.

germane facaciam mraval publicistur da filosofiur – samecniero naSromTan erTad, samSoblosa da sawuTros siyvaruliTa da tkiviliT gaJRenTili leqsebic dagvitova...

nugzar mgalobliSvili

kodi... nugzar mgalobliSvils – nazars... / 27 seqtembers, jvarTamaRlebas wasakiTxad/ Senc, mec, viciT nazareTi...saxeldeba, mesmis nazar! –xval, lazares lazareTi,aRdginebis dahkravs naz zars,

aivseba kodi RviniT,gaixsneba yvela „kodi“...uflis nebiT, Cveni JiniT,modis marji, marji modis!...

...ar gvegona, moveswariT! –zeaRapyar, mzera, nazar...zari,zari,zari, zari!...vxedavT, zecis, netar zanzars...

dilas, Rame mouparavs,simSvidea, arvin daobs,rao? – Turme, macxovari,wuxel, mcxeTas, mobrZandao!...

25 seqtemberi, 2011

P.S. wertils nu davsvamT, qarTvelebo! – mravalwertilSi

gvemoZraos, aw da maradis da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin!


11 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

ლ ი ტ ე რ ა ტ უ რ უ ლ ი გ ვ ე რ დ ი

erT daburul tyeSi frinvelTa samxatvro sabWom bulbulis Semoqmedebis ganxilva moawyo. saRamo kritikosma Cxikvma gaxsna.

„vinaidan kritikuli xedvis Tvalsawieri Cvens droSi esoden gaizarda, – daiwyo man, – is Zveli primitiuli done gadailaxa da amitom bulbulis xelovnebisadmi Cveni pozicia diaxac Seicvala. romel progresul frinvels moxiblavs dRes zebunebrivoba da ararealurze misi gauTavebeli wuwuni, mudam varskvlavebze da mTvareze moTqma da godeba, rodesac qveynad amdeni WiaRua da kenkrovani mcenarea. aqedan gamomdinare misi Semoqmedeba pesimisturia da kritikis cecxlSi unda iqnas gatarebuli, rogorc avadmyofuri fantaziis nayofi da warsulis bneli gadmonaSTi. sCans bulbuli misticizmSi gadaiWra da ideurad arajansaR pozicias iWers“.

„arc me momwons – sTqva Zeram – Cveni

merab kostavaigavebi

iadoni da bulbulierTxel galiaSi damwyvdeuli iadoni

mohyva trabaxs, rom igi bulbulze didi xelovania. „yvelgan da yvelasTan, tyveobasa Tu TavisuflebaSi erTnairis momxibvlelobiT vgalob. jerac arasodes gavuwbilebivar muzas. bulbuli ki xmadaSretili sdums galiaSi, muzaTa madls moklebuli“.

„amaod utoleb Tavs bunebis did mgosans – aabdRviala brolis larnakSi furclebi vardis kokorma – imitom rodi sdums

bulbuli galiaSi, rom mas simRera ar SeuZlia, aramed imitom, rom Tavisuflebis pirmSoa igi da mijnurobis cecxliT anTebuli mgosani. amasTan, xelovnebis mxolod WeSmarit damfaseblebs ugalobs igi, romelTac ZaluZT SuaRamisas Zili ganifrTxon da baRSi gavidnen mis mosasmenad. Sen ki, monobas SeCveuli, Seni galiis meTvalyureebs ugalob mxolod da iqve sarkmlis rafaze Semoskupebul katas, romelsac Seni simRerisa araferi

bulbulis ganqiqebadrois gmirTa asaxvas rom gaurbis igi. Zerebisa, orbebisa da qorebisTvis rodi aRavlens xotbas, TvalSeudgami simaRleebidan rom daacxrebian xolme elvis uswrafesad TavianT nadavls da sisxliani nakrteniT velmindors amtuteben“.

„arc mSromelTa cxovrebis aRweraSi dasdenia mas oflis RvarTqafi – daiyrantala yoranma – Torem aba, riTi avxsnaT geTayva, rom Cven, yornebi da svavebi jerac ver gavxdiT mis qmnilebebSi moxvedris Rirsi. Cven rom jafisagan welSi ar vwydebodeT da amden leSs ar geaxlebodeT, xom waibilweboda qveyniereba? maS Tu patiosani kacia igi, mobrZandes CvenTan, axlos gaecnos Cvens cxovrebas, gaiziaros Cveni saamo trapezi da im ucxo STabeWdilebebiT gaamdidros Tavisi Semoqmedeba, riTac egzom qebulia axalgzrda Wilyvavis lirika“;

„ras CerCetobs eg samgle ega – gadasZaxa moTminebidan gamosulma SaSvma iqve ifnis totze Semoskupebul guguls. – am wyeuli jilagis naSierT, rogor utolebs didebul mgosans!“.

„iyuCe megobaro – mSvidad miugo mas gugulma – nuTu ar ici, Cumad mgosnobasac rom iCemebs es sasikvdile. amadac sZags mas yvela namdvili xelovani, xolo Wilyvavebi, kaWkaWebi da mikiotebi camde imitom ahyavs, rom maT fonze sakuTari yrantali fsalmunad mogvaCvenos“.

gaegeba da mxolod imas hnatrobs, rogorme Ria darCebodes galiis kari Sens patrons, raTa erT wamSi gadagsanslos“.

kargi mgosani xelmwifisa da misi vezirebisaTvis igivea, rac msuye sadilze dasayolebeli delikatesi. WeSmariti mgosani ki mxolod RvTisa, sibrZnisa da mSvenierebis msaxuri unda iyos.

(TviTgamocemiTi Jurnali`oqros sawmisi~

N№2, 1975)

1989 wlis 18 Tebervals, politeqnikur institutTan, erovnuli moZraobis lide rebis mier gamarTul mitingze, komkavSiris liderebma mamuka kacitaZem da mamuka xazaraZem merab kostavaze aRmarTes xeli, rasac merabis mxridan sapasuxao dartyma mohyva.

aramzadebi!!!


12 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

im saCuqarTa Soris, romlebiTac erovnulma moZraobam damasaCuqra, ulamazesia latavra foCianTan nacnoboba.

erT diliT, rodesac mTavrobis saxlis win morigi mitingi unda dawyebuliyo da me kibis TavSi, improvizebul tribunaze videqi mikrofonebTan, movida sami nacnobi qali da miTxres, erT adamians surs piradad gagicnoTo.

CavediT aT Tu TxuTmet safexurze, mere marjvniv gavediT da iq, sadac kibis marjvena frTa mTavrdeboda, erT–erTma miTxra: ai, qalbaton latavra foCians surs Tqveni gacnobao!

– latavra foCiani?!gavSeSdi.es saxeli da gvari magiur

sityvebad iyo aRbeWdili Cems sulSi Wabukobidan da sinonimad qceuliyo im mSvenieri, nazad mTrTolvare qariSxlisa, romelsac qarTuli cekva hqvia.

mTeli darCenili cxovreba sananeblad meqneba, rom Cveni drois gauxeSebul urTierTobaTa inerciisa da raRac wvrilman pirobiTobaTa gamo imav wams muxlebze ar daveci da ar vemTxvie qalbatoni latavras kabis kalTas...

gaSeSebuli videqi.qalbatonma latavram ubralod

gamiRima da xeli gamomiwoda

ლატავრა ფოჩიანიCamosarTmevad...

mas Semdeg yvela Cvens mitingze iq, kibis im adgilas idga qalbatoni latavra da me mjeroda, radgan igi iq

idga, ese igi yvelafers sworad akeTebda da ambobda Cveni xelisufleba...

mere yvelaferi air–dairia. haerSi tyviis suni dadga. mowinaaRmdegeni gamedidurdnen. sulmokleebma TavgadasarCenad SesaZvromebs dauwyes Zebna.

latavra foCiani ki uryevad idga Tavis postze...

Zalian mZafrad damaxsomda Cveni bolo Sexvedra.

mitingi aT wuTSi unda dawyebuliyo, magram jer cota iyo xalxi.

qalbatoni latavra mis mier amorCeul adgilas idga da qalebs elaparakeboda.

rom daminaxa, xmamaRla momesalma: gamarjoba! gamarjoba, guram petriaSvilo!–o.

winaT ase ar mesalmeboda xolme. Cumad gavuRimebdiT da gadavkocnidiT erTmaneTs.

axlac mivedi, rom qarTuli wesiT gadagvekocna erTmaneTi

anu loyis loyaze midebiT.mivade loya mis loyas da is iyo

unda movSorebiyav, magram es veRar movaxerxe, radgan misi xeli mZlavrad Semomxveoda kiserze da ar miSvebda.

me davmorCildi.qalbatonma latavram

tuCebi yurTan momitana da CamCurCula:

– Tu Senc uRalateb, icode, Cemi xeliT gamogWri yels!–o.

ese igi, Tu zviads anu saqarTvelos uRalatebo.

mere xeli uSva Cems kisers da wynarad gaCerda.

ra meqna? ficili damewyo ara var moRalate–meTqi?

isRa vqeni, rom Tavi CavRune da mwared gaviRime.

mas Semdeg winaswar daTqmuli mitingebi aRar Cagvitarebia. ramdenime dRis Semdeg ki putCistebma srola dauwyes mTavrobis sasaxles.

qalbatoni latavra aRar minaxavs.ramdenime wlis Semdeg, roca

samSoblodan gaZevebulma xelT movigde imdeni Tanxa, rom telefoniT

davkavSirebodi Tbilisel nacnob–megobrebs, cxadia, pirvels latavra foCians davureke.

davureke da Tan guli miTrToda SiSisagan, vaiTu qalbaton latavras miaCnia rom sadme, rodisme ise ver moviqeci, rogorc Rirseul adamians Seefereba–meTqi.

– aloo? – upasuxa Cems zars qalbatonma latavram.

– rogor xarT, qalbatono latavra? – vkiTxe me.

– gmadlobT, romeli brZandebiT?– gurami var, petriaSvili...– oh, guram, Zvirfaso... – miTxra

qalbatonma latavram...mere ki melaparaka saqarTvelos

ambebze. araferi ar maxsovs im saubridan, albaT arc gamigia, Tu raze vlaparakobdiT.

CemTvis is iyo mTavari, rom isev Tavisianad mivaCndi latavra foCians.

qarTuli cekva srulyofili harmoniaa da masSi rom wlebis ganmavlobaSi varskvlavad anaTebde mxolod sxvadasxva moZraobebis unaklo Sesruleba sakmarisi araa, zneobis etalonic unda iyo da maSin geqneba ufleba Tqva, daarRvia Tu ara vinmem zneobis romelime kanoni.

da, vai imas, visSic eWvi Segepareba.latavra foCiani did qarTvel

qalTa Suqmosili gundis wevri iyo. es icis yovelma qarTvelma. magram SeiZleba vinmem ar icodes, rom RvTis nebiT, romelic samyaros

kanonzomierebebSi gansxeuldeba, qalbatoni latavra bavSvTa eqimic iyo.

da, Tu vinmes ekuTvnis maradiul naTelSi yofna, ekuTvnis mas – latavra foCians!

gurampetriaSvili


13 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

დასაწყისი გვ. 6.8rom qarTvelTa wignieri klasi araa Tavisi qveynis moyvare da Tavis ganaTlebas mxolod angarebis SesaniRbad iyenebs. mTeli uaxloesi warsuli uwyveti ubedurebaa da mainc ver Sva qarTlma mamulis modaraje Sorsgamxedavi kacebi.

zviadis moZule inteligenciam mamardaSvilis saxeli Tavisi umsgavsobis dasafarad da Tavis mosaCveneblad rom gamoiyena, amaze metyvelebs Semdegi faqti: 1992 wels gia nodias redaqtirebiT gamomcemlobaSi „mecniereba“ 10 aTasiani tiraJiT gamoica mamardaSvilis „saubrebi filosofiaze“ (leqciebis cikli). 1992 welsve gamomcemlobaSi „Celmi“ 5 aTasiani tiraJiT gamovida mamardaSvilis saubrebi ani epelbuenTan. wigns ewodeba „CaxSuli fiqri“. saubrebi frangulidan gadmoTargmna zviadis mowinaaRmdege mzia baqraZem. es saubrebi daibeWda JurnalSi Вопросыфилософии.

ramdenjerac es wignebi gadavSale, imdenjer vifiqre: ra mzaddeboda saqarTvelosaTvis misive inteligenciis sibrmavisa da Slegobis gamo da rogor aCvenebdnen Tavs am wignebis gamocemiT, rom Sorsgamxedvelni da codnierni iyvnen. mogvianod.

mivubrundeT im gamonaTqvams, ris gamoc mamardaSvili wlebis manZilze saqveynod ikileboda. gazeTSi Заря востока ( 25 июня 1989 года, стр. 4) merabma Tqva: «Я истину ставлю выше моей родины и у меня возникает вопрос: многие ли грузины способны поставить истину выше видимого интереса своей родины? А если не могут, то они плохие христиане».

aqve cota zemoT ki mamardaSvils sulierebaze naTqvami aqvs: «...ибо суть её (духовности- Г. Г.) в том, что выше родины и в ней (в духовности- Г. Г.) всегда стоит истина». mamardaSvili aqve miuTiTebs, rom es qristianuli mcnebaa. es misi saubari mogvianod Sevida wignSi: М. Мамардашвили. Как я понимаю философию. Изд. «Прогресс», Москва, 1991, стр. 201-11.

rasac mamardaSvili aq ambobs, savsebiT sworia, magram am naTqvamiT igi cdilobda dapirispireboda gamsaxurdiaseul qarTul mesianizms. Tavisi es msjeloba mamardaSvils gamohyavda dasavluri liberalizmis filosofiidan. rasac mamardaSvili aq ambobs, is sinamdvileSi ar ewinaaRmdegeba qristianul mesianizms. im momentSi gamovida ise, rom am naTqvamiT merabma zviadiseuli qarTuli mesianizmis kontrargumenti wamoayena. zemoT vTqvi da kvlav vityvi, rom dasavluri liberalizmi sinamdvileSi sekularuli cnebebiT SeniRbuli mesianizmi iyo. mamardaSvils amaze arsad ulaparakia. maSin aqtualuri iyo sabWoTa cenzurisagan azris daxsna da yovelive dasavleTidan mowodebuli, rac amisTvis gamodgeboda, farTod gamoiyeneboda sabWoTa ideologiasTan filosofiur davaSi.

qarTvelTa arafilosofiuroba warmoaCina mamardaSvilis garSemo atexilma yiamyralobam. kidev iman warmoaCina es arafilosofiuroba, rom zviads wlobiT brals sdebdnen satanizmSi, raxan is rudolf Staineris moZRvrebiT SeimsWvala. opoziciuri inteligencia da maT adevnebuli Citirekia Jurnalistebi qveyanas arwmunebdnen, rom Stainerizmi satanizmi iyo da Tavadac ar uwyodnen, ras ambobdnen. oRond zviadis saxeli talaxiT moeTxvaraT da sakuTari

Slegoba, mesisxleoba da uideoba liberalizmiT gaemarTlebinaT. Stainerizmi TbilisSi ruseTidan aRwevda 7080ian wlebSi. Camosulan kidec rusi Stainerianelebi. opozicionerTa Soris ramdeni iyo iseTi, vinc anTroposofebis Sekrebebze dadioda. sabWoTa ideologiam amosasunTqi arsad datova da Staineris anTroposofia iyo TavSesafari meZiebel kacTaTvis. iyvnen snobebic, romelnic Tavs iqcevdnen astralur sxeulze da sulTa gardasaxvaze laparakiT.

saqarTveloSi mamardaSvilis am naTqvamis gamo aseTi ambavi ar unda dawyebuliyo kidev ai ratom: 1981 wels gamomcemlobaSi „sabWoTa saqarTvelo“ 30 aTasiani tiraJiT gamovida qarTuli filosofiis didi maSvralis, baCana bregvaZis Targmnili blez paskalis „azrebi“. 1984 wels misive Targmnili markus avreliusis „fiqrebi“ 20 aTasiani tiraJiT gamovida gamomcemlobaSi „merani“. mogvianod 80 aTasiani tiraJiT gamovida leri alimonakis Targmnili lao Zis „dao de Zini“. es filosofiuri wignebi aseTi tiraJebiT imitom gamovida, rom ganmanaTlebluri mesianizmis ideebs komunistebi acxovelebdnen. hoda, es wignebi xom ikiTxes qarTvelma prozaikosebma, filosofosebma, istorikosebma da sxvebma? Tavisi azric gamoTqves amaze sxvadasxva gamocemebSi. am wignebSi xom Zalumad sWvivis is idea, rom WeSmariteba samSobloze maRla dgas? gana amis Semdeg salanZRavi unda yofiliyo mamardaSvili? ese igi maSin aCvenebdnen Tavs, roca paskalisa da markus avreliusis wignebs aRtacebulni kiTxulobdnen. mamardaSvilis naTqvamis Semdeg ki gamoaCines, rom usmni da ugebni yofilan. maT ver gaiges am wignebis filosofia.

aleqsandre orbelianis sazogadoebam 1997 wlis dekemberSi gamarTa diskusia „eri da WeSmariteba“. sityviT gamovidnen zurab kiknaZe, giorgi gaCeCilaZe. ganixileboda mamardaSvilis es gamonaTqvami. iyo CoCqoli, gaguliseba, yvirili. am polemikaze daiwera nodar naTaZis zemoT naxseneb gazeTSi. Tsus filosofiis fakultetis kaTedrebidan, filosofiis institutidan mosulni monawileobdnen kamaTSi. kamaTis saganic ver daadgines. danarCenze xom zedmetia laparaki. polemika darCa unayofo da bolos araferi dadgenila.

mamardaSvilis moyivnebisas ar daisva kiTxva: Tu liberaluri demokratia yvela xalxisaTvis aris erTaderTi misaRebi da saboloo wyobileba, maSin ra azri aqvs TviTmyofadobis saxeliT samSobloebis da xalxebis gancalkevebul arsebobas? maSinac ki, Tu demokratiis apologeti xar da marTla gmsWvalavs sabazro liberalizmis principebi, SeuZlebelia es kiTxva ar dagebados da ar dagtanjos. es kiTxva ki swored markus avreliusis filosofiidan iRebs dasabams da liberalizmis epoqaSi man sxva cnebebSi hpova gamoxatuleba, vidre es romael stoikosTa dros iyo.

markus avreliusi sxvas ras RaRadebs, Tu ara WeSmaritebis samSobloze metobas? gana mociqulTa epistoleebSi igive azri ar Cans? gana rasac qristes tragedia ewodeba, WeSmaritebis samSobloze

aRmatebulebas ar adasturebs? gana macxovarma is Tqva, rom axla me mamas SevTxov da romaelTa winaaRmdeg e r o v n u l g a n m a T a v i s u f l e b e l brZolas daviwyeb israelis daxsnisaTvis?

kanti rom Semecnebis SesaZleblobebs arkvevs da mis sazRvrebs adgens, es WeSmaritebis sakiTxs exeba da ara kantis samSoblos. ogiust konti rom filosofias pirveli mecnierebidan amcrobs erTerT mecnierebamde, es ar exeba imas, konts uyvars samSoblo Tu ara. pirobiTi gamoTqmebia germanuli filosofia, franguli filosofia. filosofiaSi ar dgas samSoblos sakiTxi. asevea TeologiaSi. wminda mamebTan qristes

imperiaa mniSvnelovani, sadac aRsruldeba uflis gangebuleba. saerTo filosofossa da Teologoss Soris kidev isaa, rom WeSmaritebaze ubnobisas orTaveni mesianizmTan arian mimarTebaSi. saqarTveloSi es viTareba filosofosTa Sorisac araa gaazrebuli da sxvebze raRaa saTqmeli?

mamardaSvili iyo franguli filosofiiT aRzrdili moazrovne (germanul filosofias is amreziT uyurebda da es aRniSnuli aqvs orsam adgilas), rusulenovani qarTveli filosofosi, romelsac awuxebda ideologiuri cenzura, absurduli akrZalvebi da gamosavals mxolod dasavleTze orientirebaSi xedavda. mas eWvi ar Seutania dasavleTis mtkicebaSi, rom swored is Seqmnida msoflio liberalur utopias sabWoTa imperiis daSlis Semdeg. ai aq, am vrcel interviuSi, sadac laparakia WeSmaritebis aRmatebulebaze, mamardaSvils uxamda daeyenebina sakiTxi: modis liberalizmi Tavisi eqstremistuli versiiT libertarizmiT, magram Seqmnis ki is postsabWoTa qveynebSi raime axals? Tu is aq isev gaimeorebs imave neokolonializms, rac man, XX saukunis pirvel naxevarSi daamkvidra aziaafrikisa da laTinuri amerikis qveynebSi? 198990 wlebSi yvelaze arsebiTi es iyo qarTuli politikisaTvis. mamardaSvils arsad uxsenebia dasavleTis TviT dasavleli kritikosebi. SeuZlebelia mas maTze ara scodnoda ra. zviadi grZnobda am safrTxes dasavleTis mxridan da mas rom dascloda, saqarTvelo ar gaiZarcveboda, saqarTveloSi ar damkvidrdeboda kapitalizmi Tavisi yvelaze saZageli gamovlinebebiT. ar iqneboda ai es kompradoruli qarTuli burJuazia, romelic araa qveynis moyvare.

mamardaSvilis gmobisas bevrjer iTqva, rom „xalxi aravis apatiebs“. ki magram vin aris xalxi? sadaa saqarTveloSi xalxi, rogorc politikis subieqti? ra xalxia is, romelic amden gamcems da avazaks wlobiT aboginebs da pativSi hyavs? ra xalxia is, romelic am

cxovrebis samudamo biTurebs brZenebad racxs da panTeonebSi marxavs? mamardaSvilze meti icis xalxma? gana xalxs odesme SeuZlia filosofosis gansja? sxva raSi warmoaCina qarTvelma xalxma Tavisi xalxoba, rom mamardaSvilis sinjva da gansja daiwyos? samSoblo ki ar unda moiwonos filosofosma, aramed filosofosi unda moiwonos samSoblom. filosofoss ar egebis ubirTa winaSe laquci da maTgan mowonebis molodini. swori iyo aristotele stagireli, rodesac aleqsandre makedoneli im mrwamsiT aRzarda, rom makedonia ki ar aris misi samSoblo, aramed mTeli dunia da is elinizebul unda iqnes, radgan elinoba wuTisoflis bnelSi Suqis

Setanaa. ra aris samSoblo?

is upirvelesad aris garSemomyofi adamianebi da mxolod amis Semdeg is aris kulturuli danatovari, miwa da a.S.. meZiebeli adamiani aniWebs samSoblos sazriss da ara sxva ram. qristianoba upirvelesad aris moyvasoba da amis Semdeg modis Teologiuri dogmebi, saeklesio danawesi, eklesiis mamaTa naTqvamebi. qristianoba ar aris mociqulTa da mamaTa naTqvamebis waramara moxmoba.

neoplatonel iambliqes Tavis wignSi „piTagoras cxovreba“ (me6 Tavis dasawyisi), aRniSnuli aqvs, rom gadmocemis

mixedviT piTagora samosidan italiaSi gaemgzavra, radgan mas SesZulda samosi mis mcxovrebTa uvicobis gamo. piTagora Tavis samSoblod miiCnevda im qveyanas, sadac aris mravali adamiani, advilad rom emorCilebiano ganswavlas.

****************vfiqrob, rom am werilSi

mkiTxvelisaTvis sagulisyurod warmovaCine Cemi azri merab mamardaSvilze. mis rusul naSromTa ganxilvas, rac moskovSi gamovida 90iani wlebis bolodan, sxva dros Sevudgebi. imas ki vityvi aq, rom mis gansjas bevrgan aklia siRrme, simZime da mravalwaxnagovneba. magram nu daviviwyebT, rom igi biZgis mimcemi, pirvelgamkvlevi iyo da mis kriticizms, mis refleqsias reliefurad atyvia gasuli saukunis 80iani da 90iani wlebis damdegis inteleqtualuri garemos daRi. iyo didi molodini, iyo maTi rwmena da ideuri erTguleba ganmanaTleblobis konceptebisadmi, vinc alalad cdilobda Seeqmna libertinaJi (Tavisufali azrovneba) krizisul sabWoTa sinamdvileSi. es iyo didi moraluri avansi, romelic dasavleTma miiRo gardasuli saukunis sabWoTa inteleqtualTa mxridan, romelnic aRmoCndnen evropuli ganmanaTleblobis bolo Taoba. 90ian wlebSi ganmanaTlebloba rogorc aseTi, likvidirebul iqna dasavleli libertarebis mier. maSindeli inteleqtualebis rwmena gamqralia axlandel liberalebsa da vesternistebs Soris da darCa mxolod Semguebloba, angareba da konformizmi.

werils davasruleb mamardaSvilis sityvebiT. rodesac mas hkiTxes, ra aris bediswera, man upasuxa: «...я знаю, что если быть, то только человеком судьбы, но человеком судьбы быть очень трудно» (М. Мамардашвили.Мой опыт нетипичен. Изд. «Азбука», Спб., 2000. Стр. 278).

goCa gvasalia1-4 oqtomberi, 2013 w.

(statia daibeWda SemoklebebiT - red.)

ras vfiqrob merab mamardaSvilze?


14 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

`…Cemi am postidan wasvla gamoiwvevs sa qar TveloSi, ramdenime paraleluri mTav robis Seqmnas da ramdenime erTeuli pre zi den tis aR mo cenebas. ufro metic, gamoi wvevs sa qarTvelos adgilze ramde-nime saxelm wi fos Camoyalibebas…~

zviad gamsaxurdia, 1991 wlis8 oqtomberi.

afxazeTiT spekulireba modur saqmed iqca dRevandel saqarTveloSi. sokoebiviT momravldnen sxvadasxva arasamTavrobo e.w. organzaciebi, kavSirebi Tu moZraobebi, romelTa raodenoba Cvens mcirericxovan qveyanaSi, rbilad rom vTqvaT, yovelgvar logikas scildeba. amis obieqturi mizezebi ra Tqma unda, arsebobs! samwuxarod maTi miznebi, garda zogierTi gamonaklisisa, sazogadoebis SecdomaSi Seyvanas, mis

dezorientirebas emsaxureba, miT ufro maSin, rodesac sakiTxi devnil mosaxleobas exeba.

„imisTana wminda saqmeSi, rogoricaa beWdvuri sityva, tyuilebiTa da WorebiT burTis gatana yvela ukiduresobaze usaZaglesia“ – rogorc Cans didi ilias arc es Segoneba axsovs devnilTa kavSiris Tavjdomares baton londer caavas, radgan a.w. 10 seqtembers „obieqtivis“ ekranidan ganacxada, rom Turme „afxazeTis Temaze, arc istoriuli narkvevi da wigni dawerila afxazeTis tragediasTan dakavSirebiT. ai xandaxan publicisturi gamosvlebia, magram sis te muri msjeloba am Temaze saqarTveloSi me arc presis furclebidan maxsovs da miTumetes televiziiT da radios meSveobiT.“

es ki namdvilad batoni londeris problemaa, radgan 2007 wels jemal gamaxarias redaqtorobiT gamocemuli sqeltaniani „narkvevebi saqarTvelos isto riidan _ afxazeTi“, an Tundac 2006 wlis ( № 157) „saqarTvelos respublika“ – Si gamoqveynebuli „xmamaRla nafiqrali utifroba“ amomwuravad scems pasuxs imaT, vinc dResac cdilobas Savis gaTeTrebas da sakuTari danaSaulis sxvaze gadabralebas.

batoni londeri pirdapir eTerSi gvicxadebs, rom: „maSin iyo miRebuli is kanoni, romelsac „aparteiduli“ kanoni daerqva xalxSi, romlis saSualebiTac arZinbam praqtikulad moaxerxa yvela rgolis gawyveta, swored am kanonze dafuZnebiT.” – es citatebi imitom momyavs sityva–sityviTa da stilis dacviT, rom am gadacemis lit

nuTu dResac amas mtkiceba sWirdeba?!motivis mixedviT saubari „TiTo afxazis dabrunebaze’’ unda yofiliyo, Sedegad ki miviReT is, rom Turme omi afxazeTSi am e.w. „aparteiduli“ kanonis miRebas gamouwvevia. xolo qarTveli „mxedrionelebi“ uspetakesi gmirebi yofilan. aRsaniSnavia, rom yovelive amis gaprotestebas cdilobda gadacemis erTerTi monawile batoni vaJa abakelia, magram samwuxarod, mas amis saSualeba ar misces.

gasakviri ki is aris, netavi marTla Tu hgonia baton londers, rom romelime WkuaTmyofeli daijerebs imas, rac SesaniSnavad icis afxazmac da qarTvelmac da ara mxolod maT.

maxsendeba axlaxan gardacvlili geramne facacias sityvebi: “ ...eSmaki gvasazrdoebs RemrTis mosatyueblad. afxazeTidan devnilobaSic gaviZaxiT – `afxazebi unda davibrunoTo. rogorRa davibrunoT sakuTari Tavebi uTavoebma?“

Cvenc SeveguoT? “eSmaks SevekvraT zaviTa?“ – SevekvriT da sxvas nuRarafers davabralebT, gana afxazebTan erTad ar „gavaCaliCeT“ devniloba? „saqarTvelos adgilze ramdenime saxelmwifos Camoyalibebas“ erTad ar SevuwyveT xeli? kohabitaciac da orxelisuflebianobac Cvenve ar „viCaliCeT“? „ramdenime erTeuli prezidentis aRmocenebac“ sxvas davabraloT?!. gons movideT qarTvelebo! mxolod samSoblos siyvaruliTa da simarTliT Tu „vipoviT gzas afxazTa gulebisaken“ – eSmakis sazrdos ganridebulni.

simarTle ki aseTia: mocemul kanonze muSaobis dros (afxazeTis assr umaRlesi sabWo 140 deputatisgan Sedgeboda, maT Soris afxazi – 57, qarTveli – 54, sxva erovnebis – 29). separatizmi ideologiurad da organizaciulad ukve Camoyalibebuli iyo. e.w. „ lixnis werilma“ ivlisis sisxlian konfliqtamde miiyvana afxazeTi, konfederantTa yrilobebi da maTi TareSi ruseTis reaqcionerebTan erTad ukiduresad amZimebda mdgomareobas; afxazeTis assr umaRlesma sabWom miiRo „afxazeTis saxelmwifo universitetis deklaracia“ da dadgenileba „afxazeTis saxelmwifoebriobis samarTlebrivi dacvis garantiebis Sesaxeb“. daZabulobam kulminacias miaRwia – mSvidoba bewvze ekida. erT muStad Sekruli „aidgilara“, „ slovianski dom“ da „krunki“ mzad iyvnen nebismieri provokaciisTvis. aseT mdgomareobaSi, rom gadasarCevi iyo vadagasuli, sabWoTa, assr umaRlesi sabWo, rac axali saarCevno kanonis gareSe ver moxdeboda, sakamaTo ar unda iyos. mdgomareobas isic amZimebda, rom „aidgilara“, „slovianski dom“, „krunki“, „afxazeTis demokratiuli partia“ (adp) da „ldpr“ (Jirinovskis partia) erTian saarCevno blokad – „soiuz“–ad Camoyalibda da moicva afxazeTis mosaxleobis naxevarze meti. qarTvelebi ki (45,75%) umciresobaSi aRmoCnda. imasac Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom saqarTveloSi arsebuli yvela politikuri partiis filiali afxazeTSic arsebobda da qarTvelTa gaerTianebis nacvlad dapirispirebas uwyobda xels. yovelive amas SesaniSnavad iyenebda sabWoTa xelisufleba eTnokomfliqtebis mosawyobad, miT ufro „urC“ qarTvelebSi, dRes mainc unda iyos gasagebi, rom swored aseT agresiul fonze,

erovnuli xelisuflebis brZnulma da pragmatulma politikam gaxada SesaZlebeli Suamavlebis gareSe gvemuSava qarTul – afxazur jgufs Tqvens mier dawunebul e. w. „aparteidul“ saarCevno kanonze, riTac dRemde vamayob,xolo visac ar moswons erovnuli xelisuflebis es umniSvnelovanesi miRweva, vurCev gons movides da maTTvis Cveuli situacias damonebuli „logika“ RirebulebaTa sferos daumorCilos. vimeoreb, rom blok „soiuzis“ upiratesoba afxazeTis teritoriaze aSkara iyo da amas amomrCevelTa sruli raodenobac 315034 – adasturebs, romelTagan qarTveli mxolod 143921 – s Seadgenda da am raodenobis ori mesamedi, mxolod galisa da gulirifSis raionSi iyo gansaxlebuli.

swored aseT, qveynisTvis umZimes politikur viTarebaSi, mainc moxerxda kompromisuli gadawyvetilebebis miReba or umniSvnelovanes konstituciur cvlilebasTan erTad. kerZod:

1. konstituciis 98–e muxls daemata: „kanonebi da sxva aqtebi afxazeTis assr samarTlebrvi statusis sakiTxebze miiReba umaRlesi sabWos raodenobis ori mesamedi xmebiT“.

2. „afxazeTis assr sayovelTao saxal xo kenWisyris (referendumis) Sesa xeb~ kanonis me5 muxlis me3 nawilad dae mata: „gadawyvetileba referendumis Cata rebis Sesaxeb im sakiTxebze, romlebic daka vSirebulia afxazeTis konstituciis cvlilebebTan, SeiZleba miRebul iqnas mxolod afxazeTis umaRlesi sabWos deputatTa saerTo raodenobis ori mesamedi xmebiT“.

aRsaniSnavia, rom kanoni qvoturi warmomadgenlobiTi formuliT 262811 erTi Sexe dviT ki aris kompromisuli, magram me o res mxriv pragmatulicaa da zemoT motanil cvlilebebTan erTad saqarTvelos saxelmwifos mTlianobis garantic da amavdroulad ndobis faqtoris aRdgenas dResac uwyobs xels.

axla ki, SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom saqarTvelos erovnulma xelisuflebam yvela iuridiuli da samarTlebrivi piroba Seqmna, raTa qveynis mTlianobas safrTxe ar gaCenoda da mSvidoba SenarCunebuliyo afxazeTSi. aRsaniSnavia, rom wlebis manZilze, arc erTi amdenad mniSvnelovani dokumenti ar miRebula kanonis saxiT, romelic ndobis aRdgenis TvalsazrisiTac uprecedentoa da rac yovelgvar eWvs unda uqarwylebdes metnaklebad pragmatulad moazrovne politikoss. mxolod movlenaTa Semdgomma ganviTarebam mkveTrad Secvala mdgomareoba saqarTveloSi, afxazeTSi ki, omis winapirobas Cauyara safuZveli da mtris mzakvruli gegmebi realobad aqcia. saxelmwifo gadatrialeba rom ara, afxazeTis tragediac ar moxdeboda, amisTvis, ki pasuxismgebloba im xelisuflebas ekisreba, romlis „dakruls“, ase gulmodgined aJRerebT Tqvenc da sxva „mtris armcnobi, moyvris mgmobni“...

istoria, ki romlis gayalbebas ase mondomebulad cdilobT, yvelas miuCens sakadris adgils.

nugzarmgalobliSvili


15 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

დასაწყისი გვ.9 (“erTiani saqar T velo”) da salome zurabi

Svi lTan (“saqarTvelos gza”) Semodgomaze pro testis axali talRis wamosawyebad. aqciebis Sedegi prezident saakaSvilis gadadgoma unda yofiliyo. alasaniam ganacxada, rom burjanaZe saprotesto aqciebze SemoerTebas giorgi gaCeCilaZes ( “ucnobs”), sTxovda. alasaniam aRniSna, rom misi aliansi (“axali memarjveneebi” da “respublikelebi”) amaSi monawileobas ar miiRebs da dasZina, rom darwmunebulia, levan gaCeCilaZec uars ityvis. alasanias sityvebiT, burjanaZem icis, rom xalxSi naklebad popularulia da “ucnobi” quCis aqciebis maRali SedegisaTvis sWirdeba. “ucnobi” keTilganwyobis mopovebas radikalizmiT cdilobda da 6 maiss policiis SenobasTan gamarTul Sturms xelmZRvanelobda. burjanaZis “ucnobiT” daintereseba ki movlenaTa arapozitiuri kuTxiT ganviTarebisken mianiSnebs” – naTqvami iyo, „24 saaTis” informaciiT, teftis gzavnilSi.

“vikiliqsis” mier gamoqveynebul dokumentebSi burjanaZis wyneTis agarakis skandalic moxvda. rogorc saitze gamoqveynebul dokumentSia aRniSnuli, burjanaZe adasturebda, rom agarakis misaRebad gadasaxadebi unda gadaexada. man warmoadgina 2008 wliT daTariRebuli dokumentebi, sadac burjanaZis qoneba 2,769,325 larad aris Sefasebuli.

SemaZrwuneblia „iuTubes“ sivrceSi arsebuli nino burjanaZisa da misi vaJis anzoriko biwaZis satelefono saubris Canaweri, saidanc naTlad sCans, rom es ojaxi, misi ufrosi da umrwemesi Taobebi, sakuTari keTildReobisa da sargeblobisTvis yovelgvar sibinZuresa da danaSaulze wamsvlelebi arian.

vnaxoT satelefono saubris teqti:anzor biwaZe — nino bevri vifiqre Tu cota

vifiqre guSin, gTavazob aseT raRacas, rom erTi kviris manZilze SegiZlia miiRo gadawyvetileba qarTuli partia da eseni gadavagoroT, mainc SeiZleba gamovides. Tu pasuxismgeblobas iReb, maSin samoqalaqo omze wasvlac Rirs. Rirs 100 kacis sikvdiladac da 500sac.

nino burjanaZe — xo, egrea ki.a.b. — yvela erma vinc raRacas miaRwia, sisxliT

aris misi miwa morwyuli, suyvelasin.b. — amasac ar aklia...a.b. — ar aklia egrec ar aris, Tu Zma xar, 200

welia sisxli ar daRvrila . mere icode process Tu daiwyeb, iq ukve erT kacs fexi motyda da ors Tavi moeWrebaa ukve vsio, morCa damTavrda. iq ukve ukan svla aRar unda daiwyo ra.

da 40 procenti mxars ro uWers saakaSvils me magaSi cuds verafers ver vxedav. ganaTebuli ro qondeT tvini amaT maSin revoluciac ar iqneboda saWiro ra. ris safuZvelze amboben 40 procents? 40 procents ambobs, rom saakaSvils miscems xmaso

n.b. — nu exla ese detalurad ar vici, magram miTxres ese.

a.b. — realurad migaCnia Seen?n.b. — ar vici anzoriko ra, Cven mainc Cven wreSi

vtrialebT ra.a.b. — Cven ramdeni gviWers ?n.b. — Cven vis?a.b. — revolucionerebsn.b. — 35 aris ukmayofilo da 15 pirdapiri

mxardamWeria ra...a.b. — ra ginda maSin? pidisiat na pidisiatn.b. — xo realurad egre aris. ara, sazogadoeba

Zalian gayofilia, ruseTTan dakavSirebiTc 50/50 zea

a.b. — xoda geubnebi kavkasiuri carcis wreameTqi ra. 2 wlis naomar qveyanaSi 50 procenti cotaa?

n.b. — ara, cota ki ara Zalian bevria.mtris gancda 50 procentSi vabSe ar aris

a.b. — mxars ramdeni uWers ruseTTan daaxloebas?

n.b. — ara, daaxloebas yvela uWers mxarsa.b. — da prorusulia 50 procenti xo?n.b. — ici ra exla, isic ar minda rom

mogatyuo, magram yovel SemTxvevaSi, polarizebuliao sazogadoebao. exla me miTxra, rom Tqveno nawilobriv dagazaralaTo ruseTTan urTierTobamo, magram meores mxriv praqtikulad

Suazea gayofilio.a.b. — 30 000 kaci gamovan.b. — me meti mgonia, a.b. — Tavisuflebis moednas gaavsebs ega?

xoda mivides exla da miTvalos iqa ocdaaTia Tu samocdaaTi

n.b. — au rogor gvWirdeba isaa...a.b. — iqneb movaswroT, imaT araferi ar undaT

nino. gadaricxvis meore dResve CaTvale vsio. esenic rogor gayuCebuli arian

n.b. — vin, nacebi? elodebian Cven ras vizamT. mageni exla arian rTul viTarebaSi anzoriko. pabalSomu ise mivyvebiT fufufu, rom realurad veraferSi ver gedavebian ra.

a.b. — videoebi da raRaceebi eqnebaT da gamogviWeren. ai aqac Tu gvisnenen da...

... egviptis varianti iqneba, droebiTi mTavroba unda iyos yvela varaiantSi, es kreba raRad ginda maSin?... komitetam komendandski Cas komendantis saaTi da sagangebo mdgomareoba. mara egvipteSi 3 TveSi daalages da turistebi Cavidnen, magram iq jaria Zlieri

n.b. — xo jaria Zlieria.b. — Cveni jari ki dagidgeba gverdze, magram

mTxlea rad ginda. jarSi iseTi situaciaa uf!n.b. — xo?a.b. — ara ras laparakob! jari daiviwye vafSe.n.b. — aba policia ver mogvereva. kojris

batalioni gvesvris viTom?a.b. — ara kaco ra sisulelea. SeiZleba kojris

batalionma gadagixergos gza. Cagiyenos tanki, beteeri, magram ar gvesvris.

n.b. — rato xar egeTi darwmunebuli?a.b. — ici ra — kojris batalioni Tu mesvris

pirvel ieriSs avicileb da dadges da grus specnazTan gaarkvios urTierToba“.

daskvna mkiTxvelma gamoitanos...ukve naTeli da aSkaraa, rom ruseTi fsons

nino burjanaZesa da mis garemocvaze debs, amas mowmobs nino burjanaZis stumrobebi ruseTSi da misi Sexvedrebi putinTan, medvedevTan da sxva maRalCinosnebTan.

nino burjanaZe cdilobs moisxas erovnulobis mantia da Tavs asaRebs saqarTvelos damoukideblobis momxred da qomagad. misi eleqtorti mas uZRvnis diTirambebs, mkrexelobs da adarebs wminda ninos. mas uZRvnian sabWour leqsebsa da simRerebs, aqeben da adideben imisaTvis, rom burjanaZe ruseTisaken Semoabrunebs saqarTvelos. erTi sityviT, amomrCevlebis mxridan xdeba nino burjanaZisa da partiad wodebuli, misi garemocvis „teqnikuri“ CaSveba, ramac mravaljer Caayena qalbatoni burjanaZe uxerxul mdgomareobaSi.

ubedureba ki isaa, rom mis winasaarCveno piknikebze Cndeba erovnuli samferovani droSebi, romlis aRdgenisTvisac nino burjanaZes da mis ojaxs TiTi TiTze ar daudevs.

gadavideT mis yofil qveSevrdomze, aw `qarTuli ocnebis“ saprezidento kandidat giorgi margvelaSvilze, romelic biZina ivaniSvilis gamonaTebamde burjanaZis gundis wevri iyo da ninos mTavrobaSi ganaTlebis ministrad moiazreboda.

rogorc Cans, mTavarmmarTebels mar gvelaSvilic am etapisTvis hyavda Semonaxuli.

misi politikuri wrToba, jer kidev „Tavisuflebis institutidan“ dawyebula. is am institutis Seqmnis saTaveebTan mdgara. erT dros vardosnebTanac hqonia mWidro urTierToba, Semdeg burjanaZis klanSic gareula da bolos ivaniSvilis favoriti gaxda. am kacs ganaTlebuli da moazrovne adamianis saxeli aqvs dagdebuli da ivaniSvils xom aseTi „kadrebi“ izidavs da axal mTavrobaSi Sesaferisi porTfelic Caabara.

mis fsevdoprodasavlurobas niRabs xdis misi jer kidev 2010 wels radio `TavisuflebisaTvis~ micemuli interviu, romelSic is acxadebs: ”saqarTvelo SeiZleba dabrundes ruseTis orbitaze”.

mogexsenebaT, dRes SemTxveviT araferi xdeba, mTavarmarTebelma scenaris mixedviT margvelaSvils es fraza, jer kidev wlebis win gaaJRerebina da dRes avanscenazec Semoagdo. yvela vxedavT, Tu ra mtkivneuli procesia „rusul orbitaze dabruneba“, es SeiZleba sabedisweroc ki aRmoCndes Cveni qveynisTvis qveynisaTvis.

margvelaSvilis „myar erovnul TviTSegnebasa

da cnobierebaze“ metyvelebs misi naazrevi: „qarTuli kultura iyo orenovani... vTvli, rom Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom Cvenma Taobam SeZlos rusuli enis SenarCuneba. ranairad moxdeba es, jer ar vici. vici mxolod erTi, rom es ar moxdeba iZulebiTi formiT. dRes rusulenovani skolebi Zalian mcirea. adamianebs, romlebsac surT am enaze miiRon ganaTleba an adamianebi, romlebisTvisac rusuli ena aris mSobliuri, unda davexmaroT. arc is vici, jer ramdenad arsebobs amis kvalificiuri resursi, anu profesionali rusulenovani maswavleblebi. es ar niSnavs orenovan ganaTlebaze gadasvlas. Cemi azriT, am Temis arasworad aRqma aris ufro gamrudebuli azrovnebis brali.“ http://primetimenews.ge/?page=14&news_id=14734

cnobisTvis: dasavleTis ganviTarebul qvey

nebSi, sadac cxovroben araaborigeni mosaxleoba, ganaTlebas iReben im qveynis saxelmwifo enaze, sadac maT uwevT cxovreba. ase rom , mis frazebSi, romelic rusul skolas da am enaze molaparake adamianebs Seexeba, kidev erTi mzakvrobaa Cadebuli.

aq erT saCoTiro ambavsac unda SevexoT; miuxedavad mravalgzisi mtkicebisa, rom g. ma r gve laSvili progresulad moazrovne humanoidTa jgufs ganekuTvneba, mainc ver aRwevs Tavs totalitarul Cvevebsa da azrovnebas, amomrCevlebTan Sexvedrebze mas axvedrebdnen „ocnebis“ maisurebSi gamowyobil bavSvebs „giorgis“ SeZaxilebiT.

saarCevno Sexvedrebze masebis mokrebis Zveli meTodi rCeba ZalaSi, samuSao saaTebSi sajaro dawesebulebebidan, skolebidan, adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobis organizaciebidan gamohyavT xalxi, erTerTi Sexvedris dros organizators gamocxadebis siac ki eWira xelSi da aRnusxavda Sexvedraze gamocxadebulT.

qveynis xelmZRvaneli piri principuli unda iyos, uryevi nebisa da mtkice xasiaTis, margvelaSvilTan mimarTebaSi ki es namdvilad ar gvaqvs, amas adasturebs TviT misi gamonaTqvami: “plasteliniviT adamiani var: sadac miagdeb, im formas viReb” miTumetes, roca dRevandeli konstituciiT prezidents TiTqmis aRarafers ekiTxebian... miuxedavad wlevandel saprezidento ar Ce vnebSi kandidatTa mravalricxovnobisa da mravalferovnebisa, erTi ram naTelia, maT erTi mTavarmarTebeli hyavT, erTi reJisori da dramaturgi. eduard SevardnaZemac daadastura es, roca ambobda, rom kandidatTa umetesoba misi gundidan arian.

megobrebo, aq Cven erTi umTavresi ram gvrCeba yuradRebis miRma. am kandidatebs surT gaxdnen damoukidebeli, suverenuli saxelmwifos meTaurebi, upriani xom ar iqneboda gvekiTxa maTTvis, Tu ra gaakeTes maT damoukideblobis mopovebis proceSi, sad iyvnen, romel mxares, ras iqmodnen da ubnobdnen?

Tu aseTi kritikuli da maxvilgonivrulebi viqnebiT yoveli kandidatis mimarT, maT absolutur umravlesobas, namdvilad araferi eqneba Tavmosawoni...

amomrCevleTa mTavari saarCevno kriteriumi ki swored es unda gaxdes!

aleqsandresanduxaZe


16 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

“kremlis ruporad” cnobilma rusma analitikosma, aleqsandr duginma internet-portalTan saqarTvelos Sesaxeb isaubra.

„Front News”,i duginis im gancxadebas gTavazobT, romelic „kviris palitram“ gamoaqveyna.“saqarTvelo – es Seumdgari saxelmwifoa, da afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis defaqto

damoukideblobis procesi imaze metyvelebs, rom saqme amiT ar gaTavdeba. rodesac Cveni jarebi zugdidis raions “asufTavebdnen”, maT Zalian bevr sofelSi yvavilebiTa da sixaruliT xvdebodnen, radganac megrelebma ician, rom ukve isini aRmoCndnen potenciuri genocidis safrTxis qveS saqarTvelos mxridan. genocidis Tu ara, Seviwroebis safrTxis qveS mainc. swored aseTive mdgomareobaa aWaraSi, javaxeTSi, pankisSi. saqarTvelo, Tavisi arsiT, ara saxelmwifo, aramed multieTnikuri struqturaa da am struqturisaTvis erTi naciis ideis Tavsmoxveva, rogorc amas saakaSvili apirebda, gardauval eTnikur wmendas moaswavebda. miuxedavad imisa, rom Cven, rusebma davicaviT ori eri, axla Cvens daxmarebas saWiroeben danarCeni erebic, romelTac Tavs axveven qarTuli saxelmwifoebriobis ideas. situacia analogiuri scenariT ganmeordeba – am gzas daadgeba zugdidi, anac javaxeTi, anac aWara. es imis mauwyebelia, rom saqme gvaqvs konfliqtTan, romelic TavisiT ver gadawydeba, amitom Cven unda CaverioT. simarTle giTxraT, Zalian minda, SegveZlos am problemuri erebisTvis xelis moxveva da sxvebisTvis gadacema. oRond amerikas ara, magaliTad irans an TurqeTs, romlebic swor regionalur politikas atareben“,–acxadebs dugini gamocemasTan interviuSi.

- See more at: http://frontnews.ge/ge/news/8256#sthash.AY1YfF1H.9vkT6E2U.dpuf

ruseTis mtruli gegmebi

saqarTvelos mimarT kvlav ucvlelia!

premierministrma biZina ivaniSvilma eqspertebTan Sexvedrisas yofili generaluri prokuroris zurab adeiSvilis mimarT (romelic dapatimrebis SiSiT ivaniSvilis xelisuflebis arCevisTanave samSoblodan gaiqca) Tavisi maRali simpatiebi ver damala da ganacxada, rom ,,wina xelisuflebidan zurab adeiSvili CemTvis yvelaze saintereso da niWieri kacia... sasamarTlo, prokuraturac amis da la gebulia da mgonia saakaSvils, rogorc undoda, policia ise daulaga da aSkarad Cans Zalian niWieri kaci iyo. saubedurod igive adeiSvilze kargad maxsovs merabiSvili rom meubneboda, Sedi erTi magis saxlSi rogor parketSi cxovrobs da Zveli, pirveli Taobis mobilurtelefons xmarobso da arafris gagoneba da gakareba ar unda“.

uSiSroebis yofili ministri valeri xaburZania:

„adeiSvils Zalian kargad vicnob da es yvelaferi aris tyuili. adeiSvils hqonda moCvenebiTi cxovrebis stili, is garegnul aqseqsuarebs yuradRebas ar aqcevda, arc Zvirfas telefonebs yidulobda, magram erTerTi umdidresi adamiania saqarTveloSi. Tu is marTla aseTi patiosani kacia, dRes riT cxovrobs evropaSi? „

1. nino burjanaZe

2. zurab noRaideli

3. irina sariSvili

4. gia JorJoliani

5. Temur JorJoliani

6. nestan kirTaZe

7. giorgi margvelaSvili

8. irakli baTiaSvili

9. nona gafrindaSvili

10. Salva obgaiZe

11. elizbar javeliZe

12. akaki asaTiani

13. valeri gelbaxiani

14. irakli oqruaSvili

15. malxaz gulaSvili

16. kaxa kukava

17.aleqsandre SalambereiZe

18. koba daviTaSvili

19. petre mamraZe

20. gia TorTlaZe

21. levan gaCeCilaZe

22.koka guncaZe

23. giorgi kobaxiZe

24. soso jaWvliani

25. nana devdariani

26. jondi baRaTuria

27. giorgi TargamaZe

28. levan vefxvaZe

29. nika liluaSvili

30. baCuki qardava

31. paata daviTaia

32. dimitri lorTqifaniZe

33. Salva naTelaSvili

34. valeri kvaracxelia

35. Teimuraz SaSiaSvili

36. giorgi xaindrava

37. boris kakubava

38. zviad ZiZiguri

39. zaza abaSiZe

40. biZina gujabiZe

41. gulbaaT rcxilaze

42. vaJa lorTqifaniZe

43. demur giorxeliZe

44. nana kakabaZe

45. irma inaSvili

46. daviT Tarxan-mouravi

47. merab bladaZe

48. anzor abralava

49. sergo javaxaZe

50. melor vaCnaZe

51. koba narCemaSvili

52. vasil maRlaferiZe

53. giorgi Sengelaia

54. ivliane xaindrava

WanWikebi:

1. soso manjaviZe

2. avTandil daviTaia

3. giorgi uZilauri

4. zaza daviTaia

5. irakli yifiani

6. jaba jiSkariani

7. konstantine CikvilaZe

8. gia yruaSvili

9. lali afciauri

10. SoTa afxaiZe

11. vaxtang-loTi qobalia

12. vaxuSti farcvania

(arasruli sia)

ruseTis mexuTe kolonis polit-liderebi saqarTveloSi da maTi WanWikebi:

marTla gaRletil-

Ratakia Tu ara

zurab adeiSvili?


17 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

„perspeqtiuli gavxadoT afxazeTisa da samxreT oseTis (es ra ubedurebaa, Tu is samxreT oseTia, qarTuli saxelmwifos iurisdiqcia ratom, rogor unda aRsdges iq?) teritoriaze qarTuli saxelmwifos uirisdiqciis aRdgena“... madloba ufals, rogorc iqna dafiqsirda saukunis ubedurebad qceuli sakiTxi, magram Sxamgareuli, qarTvelis meaTase nervs rom spobs da aCanagebs. mTavrobis xelmZRvaneli „samxreT oseTs“ uwodebs uZveles qarTul miwa–wyals, samaCablos. maSin, oss raRas vedavebiT? iqneb me SemeSala rame, magram gazeTi „qarTuli ocneba“, №21 9–15, seqtemberi, 2013 w. saubedurod zustad ase wers. iqneba ar unda meTqva, Tvali damexuWa, magram ararsebuli cneba, „samxreT oseTi“ yovelgvar moTminebas makargvinebs. „... mTeli Cemi Segnebuli cxovreba gulwrfelad vemsaxurebodi samSoblos. mgoni pirnaTlad vasrulebdi Cems movaleobas qveynis winaSe“... (gaz. „q. o,“ №21, 2013 w. bZina ivaniSvili) e. w. „samxreT oseTi“ Cveni samSoblos ganuyofeli nawili ar aris?!

Zalian mokled, oriod sityviT im saocar, jer ar naxul, sagiJeTad qceul saarCevno maraTonze, romlis msgavsi arsad dafiqsirebula. marto 54 msurveli am erT bewo qveyanaSi, romelic dReisTvis sanaxevrod dacarielebulia da sazRvargareT bedis saZiebladaa gadaxvewili omis gamo, rom oci welia qveyanas patroni ara hyavs. dRes gaCanagebuli, teritoriebdakargul, gaRatakebul qveyanas isev eZleva Sansi didi dafiqrebiT, gonivruli rCeviT, da rac mTavaria, aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi daSvebuli Secdomebis, av–kargianobis gaTvaliswinebiT amoirCios Tavis wiaRSi, Tavis erSi, Rirseuli winamZRvari, mamuliSvili, uangaro, xalxis bedze mofiqrali, gonieri da meurne adamiani, am dros ki qveyana cirkis arenad gadaiqca. arenad, romelsac mTeli msoflio uyurebs. vai, sircxvilo... aTiode dRis win gvqonda bedniereba telekranze gvexila sami „saukeTeso“ kandidati qalaqgare regionebidan. arc dammaxsovrebia da arc iyo saWiro maTi vinaoba. me mxolod imis Tqma minda, rom maT ar gaaCniaT meti azrovneba, mixvdnen, Tu ra mdgomareobaSi igdeben Tavs.

rac Seexeba „elitarul“ kandidatebs e. w. cnobad saxeebs, yvelas yvela kargad icnobs da maT daxasiaTebas ar Seudgebi. Tumca zogierTebis daJinebuli, uxerxulobamdec ki misuli kategoriuli moTxovna, gindaT Tu ara gamatareT registraciaSio, RmerTo Seminde da, cud azrebsac ki maxvevs Tavs. mafiqrebinebs rom, rogorc wina xelisufalT, maTac albaT piradi interesebi amoZravebT upirveles yovlisa–Tqo. nu ganvsjiT, am veragma cxovrebam mTeli es oci weli ubedurebis meti kargi veraferi manaxa... Cemi ubeduri qveyana mtkiva da dRes, roca misi yofna–aryofnis umwvavesi dro damdgara, yvelaferi SiSs, eWvebs, gancdebs badebs da arc Tu usafuZvlod. saqarTvelos dRes

prezidents avirCevT,Tu kvlavac dagviniSnaven?!

mxolod usazRvro siyvaruli da Tavdadeba gadaarCens... amitom momaval prezidents pirvel yovlisa es Tvisebebi unda gaaCndes.

„...politikaSi damaluli TamaSebi Cemi xelwera ar aris. piriqiT, rasac gundTan SigniT vlaparakob, Semdeg amas sazogadoebisTvisac vasajaroeb. koaliciam giorgi margvelaSvili sapreziden to kandidatad daasaxela, Cemi azriT, giorgi margvelaSvili pirvelive turSi sakmaod mniSvnelovani SedegiT gaimarjvebs. mer wmu neT, giorgi margvelaSvilis saxiT saocari (saocari?...) prezidenti gveyoleba. absoliturad darwmunebuli var, rom arCevnebSi giorgi margvelaSvili gaimarjvebs. mTavroba da parlamenti ukve

arCeulia da maT male giorgi margvelaSvilic miemateba“. (gaz. „q. o. “ №21, 2013 w.).

yvela drois yvela saarCevno periodSi yvelas hyavda sakuTari favoriti, magram ase gaugonrad, TavdadebiT gamorCeuli? nebismier adamians aqvs arCevis ufleba, magram Tavis rCeulis sxvaze Tavsmoxvevis ufleba, – aravis. „... mTavaria, rom yvelaferi iyo samarTlianad, ar iyo angaJirebuli da SerCeviTi. mTavaria, rom yvelaferi iyo gasagebi“... ara, b–no biZina, CemTvis ar aris „yvelaferi gasagebi“. arc is, „rom yvelaferi iyo samarTlianad“... samarTliania adamianebs ukiJinebdeT, – Cemi xedviT xedavdeT Tqvenco ase dausruleblad, daJinebiT moTxovna, gindaT Tu ara giorgi margvelaSvili unda gaxdes prezidenti, radgan is Seucvleli, – swored Seucvleli kandidaturaao, cota Rimilis momgvreladac ki meCveneba. mware Rimilis. „... Cven ar vapirebT eqsperimentebis Catarebas“. CemTvis, rogorc erT–erTi rigiTi moqalaqisTvis, da darwmunebuli var, asobiT aTasi adamianisTvis, giorgi margvelaSvili swored morigi, saubeduro eqsperimentia.

„...partiaSi sakmaod saintereso da Zlieri gundia Sekrebili, romelsac sxvebTan samarTlian konkurenciaSi mouwevs warmatebis miRweva momaval arCevnebSi, cxadia, Cemi erTi xmis gaTvaliswinebiT“... (gaz. „q. o. “ №21) esec xom propagandaa b–no biZina, radgan Zalian kargad mogexsenebaT, Tqveni erTi xma erTi ki ara, asobiT aTasi xmaa iseve, rogorc oqtombris gamarjvebaSi erTaderTi lelos gamtani ivaniSvili

iyo, da ara koalicia „qarTuli ocnebis“ mravalaTasiani laSqari. iciT es kargad da imitomac ase mokrZalebiT gvTavazobT Tqvens „erT“ xmas, romelsac partniorobas verafriT ver gauwevs gayiduli, daqceuli, iavarqmnili afxazeTis erT–erTi ubeduri devnili...

„...gavkadnierdebi da SegaxsenebT – politikaSi Semosvlis pirveli dRidan TiTqmis Secdomebis gareSe gavakeTe yvelaferi, prognozebic ki“... (gaz. „q. o.“ №21) RmerTma qnas b–no biZina, Tqveni prognozi gamarTldes da Tqveni daJinebuli moTxovniT mofrenilma mercxalma, istorias Tavi daamaxsovros, rogorc „saocarma“ prezidentma, romelmac

bolo–bolo saSveli daayena dangre ul qveyanas da mis gatanjul ers – RmerTma qnas. gana kritikis gunebaze var, an Casafrebulis rolSi. maSin me ar moveswro Cemi qveynis bednierebas. me SiSi malaparakebs. SiSi imisa, – ufskrulis piras dgas qveyana da ar gadaiCexos. amomyvani aravin iqneba... esaa Cemi tkivili...

„..rac Seexeba wasvlis dros, amasac winaswar va cnobebT sazogadoebas mas Semdeg, rac davrwmundebi, rom warmatebiT Catarda saprezidento arCevnebi. mje ra, rom am arCevnebSi pirvelive turSi gaimarjvebs koaliciis kandidati giorgi margvelaSvili. me waval maSin, rodesac davrwmundebi, rom Cvens arCeul kurss veravin da

veraferi Secvlis, rodesac yvela saxelmwifo organo da Tanamdebobis piri mwyobrad imuSavebs da rodesac davrwmundebi, rom qveyana stabilurad viTardeba“... da Tu yovelive amis misaRwevad qveyanas mxolod erTaderTi pirovneba hyavs, amodena gonier erSi, zemoTqmulis miRwevadobac saeWvoa. modiT nu atkenT uamrav adamianebs guls, nu cdilobT daumtkicoT maT, rom „isaa“ da sxva aravin. Tqveni prognozirebis adamians (rogorc Tqven brZanebT) es bevrs verafers matebs. magram Tu RmerTma ineba da gaimarjva „man“, Semdgom ki „saocari“ prezidentic gaxda, da Cemi qveyanac gadaarCina, – geficebiT, rogorme movaRwev Tqvenamde da muxlmoyri li mo gixdiT bodiSs... RmerTma qnas, qarTvels qarTuli ocneba ausruldes. Cemi ocnebac egaa. faravdes sruliad saqarTvelos maRali RmerTi da wminda mariam RvTismSobeli. amin!

marexbaRiSvili

P.S. saqarTvelos jer inteligenti prezidenti ar hyoliao, brZaneT. SegaxsenebT, rom saqarTvelos inteligenti, gonieri, ganaTlebuli prezidenti hyavda batoni zviad gamsaxurdias saxiT, romelsac prezidentobis Tqvenmieri „saocari“ kandidati, – garwmunebT, ver Seedreba. ra Tqma unda verc sxvebi, saubedurod... nurc imas daiviwyebT, batoni zviadi pirveli da maradi prezidentia saqarTvelosi.


18 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

rusebi, rogorc cnobilia, evropis xalxTa didi jgufis slavTa SemadgenlobaSi Sedian (slavuri ena enaTa indoevropuli ojaxis wevria). slavebi saerTo warmomavlobiTa da enaTa naTesaobiT arian erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli. am jgufSi Sedian aRmosavleTis slavebi (rusebi, ukrainelebi, belorusebi), dasavleTis slavebi (polonelebi, Cexebi, slovakebi, luJiCebi, kaSubebi),

samxreTis slavebi (bulgarelebi, serbebi, xorvatebi, slovenebi, makedonielebi, bosnielebi). slavTa aseT jgufebad dayofa gamoiwvia Cveni welTaRricxviT III saukunesa da momdevno epoqebSi xalxTa gadasaxlebam, risi mizezic gaxldaT ara marto mtris Tavdasxmebi, aramed axali miwebis aTvisebac. slavTa saerTo raodenoba daaxloebiT 277 ml kacia, maT Soris rusebisa 137 mln. kacs aRemateba (1979 w.). arqeologiuri, lingvisturi, werilobiTi da sxva monacemebi gvidastureben, rom slavTa akvani iyo centraluri da aRmosavleTi evropa. maTi uZvelesi winaprebi Cvens welTaRricxvamde meIII _ meII aTaswleulSi cxovrobdnen dawyebuli elbidan da oderidan (odra) vidre vislamde, dnestris zemo dinebasa da dnepris Sua welamde. CrdiloeTidan slavebs e m e z o b l e b o d n e n germanuli da balturi tomebi, aRmosa vleTidan – dasavlur–iranuli tomebi (skvi Tebi, sarmatebi...), samx reTi dan – Trakielebi, ili rielebi... xolo da sa vleTidan – keltebi. mogvi ane biT sla ve bma sxva dasxva mize zebiT aRmosa vleTiT da Crdilo–aRmo sa vleTiT waiwies da dasa xldnen im teri toriebzec, sadac ukve saxlobdnen finur–ugoruli (ungruli) da baltikuri jgufis xalxebi, Turquli modgmis tomebi da sxva. maTi didi nawili garusda, mag. meria, muroma, meSCera da sxva.

Cveni, welT aR ricxvis dasawyisSi Camoyali bda dasavleTisa da aRmo savleTis slavTa jgufebi. am dros pirvelad ixseniebian slavebi antikuri mwerlebis mier (plinius ufrosi, tacitusi, ptoleme, iordanisi, prokopi kesarieli da sxva). Cveni welTaRricxvis VIVIIs.s. slavebi SeiWrnen bizantiis imperiis samflobeloebSi da dasaxldnen balkaneTis naxevarkunZulzec. naTesaobis miuxedavad yvelas kargad moexseneba, rac damarTes rusebma Tavissave monaTesave slav da evropel xalxebs – saukuneebis manZilze evropis Jandarmis tituli amkobda ruseTis imperias.

III saukuneebSi romaeli avtorebi slavebs ixsenieben venedebis (venetebis) saxeliT. es slavTa germanuli saxelwodebaa (mr. r. Wenden an Winden), rac SemorCenilia estonurSi Venelane, Vene „rusi“, Venemaa „ruseTi“ folklorSi zogjer: Venedemaa), finurSi Venäläinen „rusi“ da a. S. eTnikuri saxelwodeba slavebi ki ukve VI s–Si ixsenieba sxvadasxva wyaroebSi umniSvnelo fonetikuri variaciebiT (Sclaveni, Sclavini, Stlavini, Sclavi, Stlavi), romlebic sruliad kanon zomierad Seefardeba TviT saxelwodeba slo vens. sklavi (saklavni) ixsenieba qarTul wyaroebSic. VII s–Si arabi avtorebi maT sakalibas saxeliT icnoben. VI s–Si Cndeba slavTa kidev erTi saxelwodeba – antebi. es tomTa kavSiria. termins slavi – sloveni mecnierebi akavSireben sityvebTan слово, слава da sxva. magram damajerebel mtkicebulebaTa gareSe.

VIIXI ss–Si Seiqmna bulgareTis, serbe Tis, kievis ruseTis adrefeodaluri saxelmwifoebi, mogvianebiT – didi moraviis

Р о с с и я . . .samTavro, samos saxelmwifo, Semdeg CexeTi, poloneTi.

aRmosavleTis slavebi uZvelesi droidan cxovrobdnen dnepris, misi Senakadebisa da ilmenis tbis midamoebSi. isini mraval tomad iyofodnen – dnepris Sua welze kievis maxloblad cxovrobdnen polianebi, dnepris marcxena sanapiroze md. desnis gaswvriv esaxlnen severianebi, maT mezoblad dnepris gayolebaze – radimiCebi, md. pripiatis napirebze, tyeebSi – drevlianebi, pripiatis CrdiloeTiT misi sanapiroebis gaswvriv – dregoviCebi, dnepris saTaveebTan – kriviCebi, dneprsa da pruts Soris saxlobdnen (TiTqmis Savis zRvis CrdiloeT sanapiroebamde) – uliCebi da tivercebi. mdinare okis sanapiroebze cxovrobdnen; viatiCebi, ilmenis tbis garSemo – ilmenis slovenebi da a. S. (es saxelwodebebi zogi „geografiuli“ xasiaTis warmoSobisaa (polianebi – поле, mindvrebSi cxovrobdnen, drevlianebi – дерево, tyeebSi cxovrobdnen... poloCanebi cxovrobdnen mdinare polotis sanapiroebze), zogi patronomulia (winapris saxelisagan nawarmoebi: radimiCebisa da viatiCebis winapari (tomis beladi) radimi da viatko yofila).

saxelwodebam Русь sxvadasxva dros mravali gansxvavebuli azri, ganmarteba, kamaTi gamoiwvia misi warmoSobis, pirvandeli enobrivi kuTvnilebisa da rogorc TviT sityvis, ise masTan dakavSirebuli teritoriis, xalxisa da saxelmwifos istoriuli warsulis adreuli etapebis sakiTxvebze.

jerjerobiT iTvleba, rom Русь terminis eTnikuri gansazRvruloba uZveles dros arasrulyofilia. msgavsi arasruli, zogjer ki sruli ganusazRvreloba axlavs aseve mravali sxva msgavsi xasiaTis aRmniSvnel eTnikur maxasiaTeblebs (germanelebi, variagebi da a. S.) maTSi socialuri da sxva saxis niSnebis asaxvis Sedegad. eTnikuri saxelwodebis socialuris aRmniSvnelad qcevasTan dakavSirebiT (da piriqiTac) SeiZleba iTqvas, rom es movlena arcTu iSviaTia. aseTia magaliTad estonuri SAKS – „batoni“, romelic baltiispireTSi germanelTa feodaluri batonobis Sedegad gaCnda. sapirispiro magaliTia rusebis saxelwodebad kazakis gamoyeneba. qarTul sinamdvileSi eTnikuri saxelis socialurad qcevis magaliTia, Tbiliseli gamdidrebuli somxebi qarTvelebad rom iwodebodnen, xolo gaRatakebuli qarTvelebi – somxebad. rogorc Cans, gelebis (gelxi) tomisaganaa miRebuli glexi, CaCis tomisgan – CaCani (Se, CaCano!), kimerielebisgan – gmiri da sxva mravali. monas aRniSnavs osurSi gurziak (gurZiagisgan „qarTveli“), kosog („yabardoeli“, qarTulad qaSagi) da xazairag (qarTuli xazari). afxazurSi (afsarulSi) monis, tyvis da yma–

glexis mniSvnelobiT ixmareba agrua („megruli“ egriseli) da a. S.

SuasaukuneTa aRmosavleTis mweralTa nawarmoebebSi rusebi arcTu iSviaTad gamoyvanili arian aRmosavleTis slavebis rogorc zeda fena, vidre rogorc sakuTriv eTnikuri erTeuli. es zedafena, rogorc sCans, Sedgeboda slavuri, Cuduri (baltikur–finuri) da variaguli (Crdilo germanul – skandinaviuri) elementebisagan. uciloblad variaguli warmoSobis riurikoviCebis dinastia ramdenime Taobis ganmavlobaSi srulad gaslavda. ra Tqma unda, amave rigSia gansaxilveli „rusTa modgmis“ elCebisa da vaWarTa aSkarad skandinaviuri saxelebi, berZnebTan warmoebul molaparakebaSi rom iRebdnen monawileobas. unda aRiniSnos, rom maT Soris aSkarad slavuri saxelebicaa: sinko, boriCi.

saxelwodeba Русь IX saukunidanaa cnobili. rogoria misi etimologia? romeli enis kuTvnilebaa? umetes SemTxvevaSi aseTi sakiTxebi mecnierul gadaWra–gadawyvetas ar eqvemdebareba. unda aRvniSnoT, rom mravali mecnieri ikvlevda am sityvis warmoSobas. am mcdelobaTagan gansakuTrebiT sainteresoa

terminis daka vSireba finur Ruotsi, rome lic TiTqosda warmoiSva Sve du ridan (roods-karla) „meni Cbe“, „mexofe“ (kuniki). amas TiTqosda zurgs umagrebs analogiuri rigis faqtebi: bizantielebi rusebs xSirad dromidebs uwodeben, vinaidan isini iyenebdnen msubuqsa da swraf xomaldebs – dromonebs; adam bremeneli skandinaviel vikingebs uwodebs askomanebs (Ascomannos, ZvelCrdilouri ASKR „verxvi“, kopiti (ifani)“ da „navi“. absoluturad msgavsadve XIV saukuneSi novgorodeli mezRvaurebi iwerebodnen „uSkuinikebad“ („uSkui“ didi navi, kareluri warmoSobis sityvaa). sayuradReboa aRiniSnos kidev is viTareba, rom estonuri enis kiloebSi literaturul vene-lane – sTan erTad ixmareba aseve vene, vene-mees „rusi“ ( vene „navi“).

rogorc teritoriuli erTeuli, sruliad garkveul–gansazRvruli IXXIIss. istoriuli wyaroebiT, Русь Tavdapirvelad warmoadgenda arcTu did monakveTs dnepris marjvena sa napiroze centriT kieviT. magram ukve XIXIIss. matianeebSi, igoris laSqrobis „ambavSi“ da sxva wyaroebSi „rusuli miwa–wylis“ viwro gagebis gverdiT gaCnda SedarebiT ufro gamaerTianebeli warmodgena, romelmac ukana planze gadawia Tavdapirveli azri, Semdeg ki mas dautova mxolod gadmonaSTuri movlenis roli. saWiroa aRiniSnos, rom magaliTad novgoroduli JamTaaRmwerlebis TvalTaxedviT „пойти в Русь“ niSnavda, ra Tqma unda, ara wasvlas dnepris marjvena sanapiroze, aramed saerTod samxreTSi – iqneboda es kievi, Cernigovi Tu pereiaslavli („rusuli“). rogorc Sinagani teritoriuli termini „Русь“ uZveles dros dnepris marjvena sanapiroze rom arsebobda, matianeTa cnobebisa da novgorodis miwa–wyalze arsebuli msgavsi saxis umdidresi uZvelesi toponimikis mixedviT (rusa, porusie, okolorusie da a. S.), rogorc Cans Cr diloeTidan „variagebidan–berZneb Si“ mi ma va li gziT movida. am Zvelrusuli topo nimikuri monacemebis ricxvSia mdinare sambatovis unikaluri saxelwodeba. iqvea amave saxelwodebis sofeli. X saukuneSi bizantiis imperatori konstantine porfirogeneti kievs sambatassac uwodebs. samxreTSi „Русь“ fuZiani toponimebi ar gvxvdeba. sxvagan, rac ki msgavsi saxe lwodebebi arsebobs, yvela gviandelia.

rac Seexeba saxelwodebis


19 2013, ოქტომბერი, №38

“netar ars kaci, romeli ara mivida zraxvasa uRmrToTasa da gzasa codvilTasa ara dadga da sajdomelsa uSjuloTasa ara dajda..….” ( kanoni pirveli 1. fsalmuni pirveli, aliluia).

biZina ivaniSvilis mTavrobis Tavdacvis ministrma irakli alasaniam, avRaneTSi gamgzavrebis win, qarTveli meomrebi Tbili sis „juma meCeTSi“ daaCoqa. saqarTve los istoriaSi dRemde ararsebulma amgvarma samarcxvino da mkrexelurma aqtma aRaSfoTa qarTveli sazogadoebrioba da Cveni marTl madidebluri eklesiac.

saqarTvelos sruliad muslimTa kavSiris Seixma vagif aqsperovma sajarod ganacxada: „msgavsi Sexvedra uprecendentoa, rodesac natos farglebSi islamis warmomadgenlebi, uSualod saqarTvelos muslimi Temis warmomadgenlebi, jariskacebs dalocaven da gaesaubrebian“.

es samarcxvino, antiqristianuli aqti urwmuno alasanias mxridan gamarTlebul da SefuTul iqna avRaneTis islamur respublikaSi arsebul SezRudvebsa da avRaneli xalxis adaTwesebis, muslimuri kulturis tradiciebis gacnobisa da islamis Sesaxeb leqciebis mosmenis aucileblobiT.

irakli alasaniasa gancxadebiT man ukve miiRo gadawyvetileba, avRaneTis saerTaSoriso misiaSi qarTveli jariskacebis gamgzavrebamde, amgvari RonisZiebis wesad damkvidrebis Sesaxeb.

irakli alasanias es gaxmaurebuli faqti kidev ufro cxadhyofs, Tu rogori qvabavazaki da antisaxelmwifoebrivi Zalebi aRazeva ruseTis emisarma biZina ivaniSvilma xelisuflebis saTaveSi „respublikelebis“ CaTvliT.

saSuria, qarTveli eri male gamovides „uCinmaCini qvelmoqmedi miliarderis“ xiblidan, raTa man ver moaswros saqarTvelos saxelmwifoebriobis ngrevis 22 wliani periodis dasruleba!

„Русь“, rogorc teritoriul, Semdgom ki saxelmwifoebriv da nacionalur aRmniSvnels,

misi gafarToeba swored im dnepris marjvena sanapirodan daiwyo. aq moxda igive, rac safrangeTSi. iq dampyrobeli germanuli tomis frankTagan jer momcro olqma miiRo saxelwodeba il–de–fransi („franka kunZuli“), Semdeg ki gaifarTova mniSvneloba da mTel keltur anu galur qveyanas ewoda safrangeTi. rusul safuZvelzec analogiur process unda hqonoda adgili.

pirveli riurikoviCebi Tavis Tavs rusebs miakuTvnebdnen, rac mtkicdeba berZnebTan dadebuli xelSekrulebebiT, mematianeTa cnobebiT. amasTan dakavSirebiT gansakuTrebiT damaxasiaTebelia vladimer monomaxis „darigeba“ da matianis zogierTi adgili, romelSic laparakia am mTavruli gvaris ojaxebSi damkvidrebul tradiciaze – TavianTi bavSvebisaTvis qristianul (saeklesio) saxelebTan erTad miecaT. amasTanave saero – egreT wodebuli rusuli anu samTavro saxelebi. riurikoviCebma politikuri viTa rebaze morgebiT, moxerxebiT, Zalis gamoyenebiT gaimarjves sxva maSindel samTavro sagvareuloebsa da gareSe mtrebze da Seqmnes Zveli rusuli saxelmwifo, risTvisac ukve arsebobda Sinagani organuli mizezebi – ekonomikuri da politikuri winapirobebi.

rac Seexeba termini Рось-Россия, rusi mecnierebis mtkicebiT (m. ia. siuziumovi, a. v. soloviovi, a. i. popovi), SeuZlebelia rusul niadagze gaCeniliyo saxelwodeba РусьTan kavSirSi. XV saukunemde es forma ucnobia ruseTSi, xolo amis Semdeg nela–nela icvleba forma Рус – РосiT, Tavidan upiratesad saeklesio da diplomatiur wreebSi, e. i. oficialur sargeblobaSi (amis safuZvelze mecnierebi amtkiceben, rom Рось tipis mdinareTa saxelwodebebs sruliad sxva warmoSoba aqvs), rac Seexeba bizantiur termins Рось – jer kidev V saukunis 20–ian wlebSi erT–erTi hunTa beladis – roilis ucabedad gardacvalebis gamo, romelic bizantiis dasalaSqravad emzadeboda, konstantinepolSi aRvlenil iqna samadlobelo locva–paraklisi da patrairqma proklem iqadaga, ris drosac hunebi Seadara mociqul ezekielis Рос-ebs da gosoqebs. bibliaSi ezekieli winaswarmetyvelebs da iyo sityva uflisa Cemdami: Zeo, kacisav! mimarTe Seni piri gogisken magogis qveyanaSi roSis, meSeqis da Tubalis umaRlesi mTavrisaken da iwinaswarmetyvele masze da uTxari: ase Tqva ufalma RmerTma: aha, Sen winaaRmdega var, gog, roSis, meSeqis da Tubalis umaRleso mTavaro!“ ezekieli am tomebze laparakobs, rogorc CrdiloeTis sazRvrebis xalxze da a. S. zustad iseve, rogorc adre laparakobda mociquli eremia Tavis wignSi – „CrdiloeTis qveynis xalxi“, „didi, Zlieri xalxi“, Tanac igulisxmeba kimerielebisa da skviTebis Semoseva wina aziaSi (Cv. welTaRricxvamde VII s.). samocdaaTi ganmmarteblis (septuaginta) bibliis berZnul TargmanSi (Cv. w. 130 w.) rosi gaCnda semituri roSis („meTauri“) adgilze. es sityva sakuTar (eTnikur) saxelad miiCnies, xolo S berZnulSi gadaitanes sigmaTi. mas Semdeg es saxeli (rosi) mravalgzis gamoCndeba bizantiur wyaroebSi didi Semosevebis aRwerisisas, rogorc mrisxane Crdiloeli Tavdamsxmelebis epiTeti, ra eTnikuri kuTvnilebisac unda iyvnen isini.

roca 838 w. rusebi pirvelad gamoCndnen bizantiaSi da Semdgomac rusi gauTanabres ross, xo lo maT qveynas ewoda Россия. qarTulSi, iseve, rogorc mravali sxva xalxis enaSi, romelTac ZvelTaganve hqondaT kavSir–urTierTobani, dResac mxolod da mxolod Zveli rusuli forma rusi da ruseTi gamoiyeneba.

bedis ironiiT qarTvelTa tomebis meTaurTa Tanamdeboba arameul enaze (roS) im qveynis saxelad iqca (Россия), romelmac erTmorwmune saqarTvelos kanonieri xelisufleba daamxo zviad gamsaxurdias mTavrobis saxiT da sami prezidenti dagvisva gasamebul saqarTveloSi „afxazebis“ (afsuebis) da osebis dacvis dro SiT. aRa rafers vityvi, ra dReSi hyavs dapyrobili xalxebi da... TviT sakuTari rusi xalxic.

oTarkoraSvili

irakli alasaniam qarTveli

jariskacebi meCeTSi daaCoqa

redaqtori leila comaia

20

საჭირო რჩევები მღვდელმოწამემამა გიორგი ბასილაძისაგან

gazeTi gamodis SemowirulobebiT

sakontaqto telefoni: 92 36 55vebgverdi: http://ganmatavisuflebeli.webs.comel.fosta: [email protected]

dabeWdil werilebSi moyvanil faqtebis sizusteze pasuxismgeblebi arian avtorebi.


mowameTas monastris mRvdelmsaxuri mama giorgi (basilaZe) ama wlis agvistoSi 80 wlis asakSi gardaicvala.

kiTxva: ratom xdeba, mamao, roca sruliad ucnobi adamiani Cagivlis gverdiT quCaSi da iseTi krToma da SiSi Semodis gulSi, rom didxans ver mSviddebi. ra movlenaa es da rogor unda moviqceT am SemTxvevaSi?

pasuxi: ucnobi, vinc SiSsa da SfoTs aRgiZravs gulSi, ar aris Cveulebrivi adamiani. is an Sepyrobilia, an TviTon eSmaki xorcieli saxiT. ubralo adamians ar aqvs meore adamianis SeSinebis, arc Zala da arc survili. rom ara RmerTisgan mfarveloba, aseTebs SeuZliaT, daazianon adamiani, rogorc sulierad, ise xorcielad. ar isvenebs boroti, gansakuTrebiT, bolo Jams. mTeli jojoxeTi gamosulia adamianTa misataceblad, magram nu geSiniaT, aqve arian wmidanebic. roca aseTi adamiani Segxvdeba quCaSi, transportSi, eklesiaSi, an sazogadoebrivi TavSeyris sxva adgilebSi – unda iloco. locva da marxva – es ori iaraRi dagvitova Cven qriste RmerTma. Tu es eSmakeuli Sens zurgs ukan, an gverdiT imyofeba, unda iloco „mamao Cveno“. es locva, Sens irgvliv wreze, rogorc maRali eleqtro–Zabva – urtyams borots!... da Tu es boroti Sen win mokalaTda da TvalebSi mtaceblurad giyurebs, maSin imeore locva: „qriste RmerTs dideba“ an „qristes dideba“ – es sityvebi moqmedebs sigrZeze, rogorc „lazeris“ sxivi. boroti imitom girtyams SiSs, rom dagimorCilos, dagipyros da misi Zliereba aRiaro. boroti xarobs, roca qristes morwmune mis win kankalebs. icis RmerTma, rom Cven uZlurni varT da Seuwevnad ar dagvtovebs borotis winaSe, magram qriste RmerTs unda, Cven TviTonac vibrZoloT, ar davemorCiloT da qedi ar movuxaroT borots. Tavidan SeiZleba, Zalian SegeSindeT, magram ar danebdeT, boroti cdilobs SiSiT RmerTi dagaviwyoT. Tqven ki unda ivaJkacoT, Zala moikriboT da ganagrZoT qristes dideba – Sen ki ara, Se boroto, aramed Cems RmerTs dideba! – „qristes dideba!“ – locvisas TvalebSi nu uyurebT, magram nurc Tavs CaqindravT, aramed uyureT saxis areSi. Tavidan yvelaferi erTad dagatydeba: SiSi, eWvi, uimedoba, uZlureba, magram scadeT da brZola daiwyeT, naxavT, RmerTi rogor SegewevaTa da vin ufro Zlieria!...

ar mogeSveba boroti da arc Sen moeSva locvasa da qristes didebas. ibrZole da RmerTi, romelic am brZolaSi uxilavad SenTan aris, gagaxarebs, daganaxebs qristes saxelis Zlierebas. RmerTs ki ar unda Seni SeSineba, magram roca Tavad igrZnob locvis Zalas, metad gimtkicdeba rwmena.

qristes msaxurebsa da morwmuneebs laCroba ar gvekadreba. qristiani Tavmdabali unda iyos, magram es ar niSnavs, mters Tavi dauxaro. qristianebi sxvebze kacTmoyvareebi varT, magram brZolaSi yvelaze mamacebic da sastikebic.

SiSi iZulebiTi morCilebaa da Cven ar Segvferis borotis morCileba. borotTan brZoliT RmerTi avaJkacebs suls. isic icodeT, RmerTi mowyalea da Tqvenze aRmatebul Zalas ar dauSvebs. mas yvelaferi gansazRvruli aqvs. rogorc iswavleba da iwrToba siyvaruli, ise iwrToba da iswavleba simamacec, gambedaobaca da vaJkacobac.

nu geSiniaT boroti sulis Zalis, garegnobis, Tvalebis, xmis, radgan igi mas iyenebs Cveni SeSinebisa da damcirebisaTvis. rodesac SiSi modis, nu miecemiT sasowarkveTilebasa da panikas. am dros RmerTis winaSe unda aRiaro, rom Sen araferi ar xar, rom uZluri xar da arc aravin ara xar RmerTis gareSe da iwyo locva. RmerTi uxilavad TandaTan gagaZlierebT da imasac daganaxebT, es „uSiSari“ da „magari biWi“, rogor aiZurweba da laCrulad gaipareba. didia da uZleveli qriste RmerTi... ase rom, eSinodeT Cvens mtrebs da ara Cven. Cven ki unda gveSinodes codvebis.

kidev erTi rCeva: yovelTvis, aseT borot adamianTan Sexvedris Semdeg, aucileblad midiT wmida mRvdelTan, radgan uxilavad boroti mainc azianebs suls da gonebas. wmidanma icis, ra saxis ziani mogvayena borotma. isic uxilavad gaasworebs da aRgidgenT Zalebs, gamoitans Tqvengan borotis isrebs da gagaZlierebT Semdgomi brZolebisaTvis.

kiTxva: mama giorgi, ratom aris, rom bazarSi sulierad vifitebi, viRlebi da Zala mecleba?

pasuxi: cnobilia, rom qaoss, xalxis simravles da xmaurs mieltvis boroti. bazari borots Tavisi zemoqmedebis did SesaZleblobebs aZlevs. isini iq daZrwian, rogorc sulierad, aseve xorcieladac. rom ara wmidanebi, borotebi erTi bazrobiTac saSinlad daazianebdnen adamianebs. sulier brZolebSi Cabmuli morwmune gansakuTrebiT grZnobs bazris simZimes. xSiria SemTxvevebi, roca adamiani ise ibneva, aviwydeba SeZenili produqtis wamoReba, an dabrunebuli xurdis gamorTmeva, an kidev, ar axsovs, ramdeni miawoda gamyidvels. es „sklerozis“ ambavi ar aris, es boroti Zalebis moqmedebaa gonebaze. gaixsene, Tu gqonia iseTi SemTxveva, vTqvaT, ar mogwons saqoneli da ar ginda SeiZino, magram, Sendauneburad, mainc yidulob, mere ki geufleba brazi. es ar xdeba SemTxveviT. esec borotis nebelobaSi SemoWris Sedegad xdeba. isini uxilavad imorCileben adamianis gonebas, awvdian sxvadasxva azrebs da aiZuleben am azrebis gatarebas adamians. Tu gamyidvelSi boroti suli zis, is marTavs gamyidvelsac da misgan

gamosuli azrobrivi „signali“ izidavs adamianebsac (myidvelebsac). is am azrobriv signalebs gacilebiT adre mogawvdis, sanam Sen aRmoaCendi aseT gamyidvels. amitom, roca odnavadac igrZnob nebaze zewolas – ese igi, roca guls ar unda da goneba ki gaurkvevelia, ar unda daTmoT sakuTari neba. radgan boroti tyuilad ar cdilobs, gayidinos saqoneli. xSirad yofila SemTxveva, rodesac bazridan motanil xils an „jansaR“ produqts mouwamlavs adamianebi. es swored rom boroti sulebis namoqmedaria. ai, magaliTad, vaSlis gamyidveli, romelSic zis boroti suli – ramdenjer uwevs mas xelisguliT xilis Sexeba? Cawyoba–amolagebisas, dawyobisas, zeTiani naWrebiTa da cxvirsaxocebiT „gaprialebisas“ – yovel Sexebaze xilze gadadis misi boroti energia! rac angrevs adamianis janmrTelobas da aseve sulierad fitavs. Tu wmidanis mowodebuli, energiiT gvavsebs adamianebs, ar unda iyos TqvenTvis Zneli warmosadgeni, Tu ra zianis motana SeuZlia igive Zalis borots. gagaxsenebT: wmida ioane kronStadtelma aiRo vaSli, jvari gamosaxa mas da miawoda sneuls, sneuli ki ganikurneba. me gekiTxebiT, imave Zalis borots SeuZlia Tu ara, adamiani daasneulos?

SeiZleba, gamyidveli sulac ar aris boroti, vaSlic kargia, magram boroti daZrwis bazarSi da Segnebulad, Tvalebidan gamomavali boroti ZaliT „muxtavs“ nebismier saqonels. amitom, wmida mamebi gvaswavlian: bazridan motanili nebismieri produqti unda gairecxos, Semdeg, Wamis win, ikiTxeba locvebi, mere gamoisaxeba jvari. amis Semdeg ki SegiZliaT, miiRoT. Tuki guli geTanaRrebaT, raRac Sinagani geubnebaT, rom „saeWvo“ adamianisgan gaqvT SeZenili, unda asxuroT nakurTxi wyali. da kidev, SegiZliaT, gamoiyenoT wmida adgilebidan motanili zeTi da aseve mama gabrielis wmida zeTi. me ki girCevdiT mainc, yuradRebiT iyoT yidvisas. da Tu Tqven mainc TvalebiT ver arCevT boroti sulis gamyidvels, an kidev SezRuduli xarT gamyidvelis arCevaSi, maSin gamoviyenoT zemoT xsenebuli wesebi. ise, rom bazarSi uvneblad moivaWroT da nebaSi Caurevlad SeiZinoT produqti, girCevT, bazarSi waxvideT uWmeli da imeoreT mokle locva: „qriste RmerTs dideba“, radgan aseT dros boroti ver imorCilebs adamians. berebi mkacr marxvebsa da SimSilobebs locvasTan erTad swored imitom mimarTaven, rom boroti ver imorCilebs maSin maT nebas.

saerTod, nebismieri nivTis SeZenis dros es nivTi unda ikurTxos. amisTvis arsebobs specialuri locvebi. gansakuTrebiT, roca iZenT telefons, kompiuters, sarkes, televizors, an sxva eleqtroteqnikas, radgan borot sulebs SeuZliaT am nivTebSi SeRweva da kabelis gavliT denur samyaroSi arseboba. da ara marto borot sulebs, aramed gardacvlilTa sulebs, romlebic sasjels miwis zeviT gadian, amitom aucileblad unda ikurTxos da rodesac wmida moZRvari aukrZalavs borots am nivTebSi SeRwevas, adamiani daculi iqneba.

xom gagigoniaT gamoTqma, adamiani „cudi fexisaa“, an „avi Tvaliso“. arc fexebia aq rame bralSi da arc Tvalebi. es sulis ambavia. aseTi „cudi fexis“ adamians boroti suli hyavs da amitom moqmedebs igi ase uaryofiTad sxvebze. girCevT, aseTi adamianebis Sexvedrisas gulSi imeoroT mokle locva: „qriste RmerTs dideba!“.

sofelSi ician aseve gamoTqma: yvela kacis dayenebuli Rvino ar dailevao, da me getyviT: ar daileva, arc arayi da arc wyali, radgan siTxe gansakuTrebulad Rebulobs rogorc uaryofiTi, ise dadebiTi sulis energiebs – ase vTqvaT imuxteba.

unda iTqvas isic, rom bazarSi ara marto boroti sulebi arian, aramed arian keTilebic, romlebic icaven adamianebs da abaTileben borotis zemoqmedebas.

minda, Temas gadavuxvio da erTi rame giTxraT: dRes bevri borotad iyenebs macxovris sityvebs – „ara winaaRmdegomad borotisa“, da ufro metic, dRes TviT borotebi iyeneben am sityvebs Cvens winaaRmdeg. amitom unda icodeT, macxovris Semdegi sityvebi „ara winaaRmdgomad borotisa“ aris konkretul SemTxvevebze naTqvami da ara zogadad yvelgan da yvelaferze. da amas adasturebs TviT bibliac. naxeT, RmerTma dasaja adami swored imitom, rom man gaatara borotis neba da ar aRudga win mas. gabriel bers xSirad uTqvams: „rogor, me vicode, rom boroti mirtyams marcxena loyaSi da me mas marjvena mivuSviro? marjvenas mivuSver ki ara, iseTs vglijav, rom ybas CamovuReb!“ amitom, ar unda mivceT ufleba borots, gaataros Cvenze sakuTari neba.

yuradRebiT iyaviT aseve bankebSi. daakvirdiT, rogor iZaxian: „sabanko sistema“: es marTla sistemaa da adamianisTvis, Znelia am sistemaSi muSaoba, an kidev bankTan rame urTierToba. bankis sistema didi xnis win daimorCila borotma, magram es ar niSnavs, rom mand namdvili adamianebi ar muSaobdnen. Cveulebrivi adamianebi ki advilad ebmebian bankis maxeSi. dRes adamianebis yoveli meSvide Tu meaTe saubrobs bankis valebze. sesxebi – es sistemuri mevaxSeobaa. amitom frTxilad unda iyoT. bankSi momuSave morwmunes aucileblad unda hyavdes wmida moZRvari.

wignidan `Tavni da boloni ityvian: giorgi~

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