Feudalism and Manorialism

What is the difference between Feudalism and Manorialism?

1. Feudalism: Economic, political, and social organization of

medieval European relationships Deals mostly with upper class relationships Lords and Vassals

2. Manorialism: Agricultural, legal, and social organization of land The land and its’ inhabitants were the manor. Both belonged to a lord

Why did feudalism develop? The new stability in Europe caused by

weather new agricultural practices less threats from invaders Influence from Romans and Comitatus

What were the results of feudalism?

Revival of cities Internal and external colonization Altered power structure Relationships became more personal

The Feudal Milieu Social Environment Kings could not longer protect all of

their people so people turned to neighbors that were stronger.

The bonds were very familial This environment spread throughout

Europe

Terms you are responsible for: 1.Vassal 2. Aid 3. Fief 4. Homage 5. Fealty 6. Relief 7. Subinfeudation 8. Liege Lord

ActivityToday we are going to demonstrate how these relationships functioned and see who benefits the most form this type of structure.

The Organization 8F King: Quinten A Group

Lord (Noble) : Daniel Vassals : Vivek, Stefan,

Darian Peasants: Skylar, Annie,

Madison, Sophia, Anna, Audrey, Eva

B Group Lord (Noble) : Zack Vassals : Nick, Jordon,

Jenny Peasants: Grant, Gwen,

Monique, Sophie, Simeon, Jake, Celeste

8C King: Tim A Group

Lord (Noble) : Chris Vassal : Ryan, Shaylan,

Jack Peasants: Kaitlin, Alexa,

Natalie, Lexi, Sarah, Logan, Dylan W.

B Group Lord (Noble) : Travis Vassal : Alex, Mason, Dillon

L. Peasants: Kayla, Jenna,

Kora, Taylor, Sophie, Taryn, Josh

Life of the Nobility

Noble Families-Inheritance Adopted family names from the founder

of the ancestral castle Change from partible inheritance to

primogenture Daughters could not receive inheritance,

but they could get dowries Younger sons could only gain land

through war of heiresses

Knights and Armor Long periods of training were needed to

become a skilled warrior Pages: sons of vassals sent to live and

train with the lord between the ages of 7 and 8

Squires: teenage knights Knighthood (sir): received at age 21 They had to be skilled, brave, a loyal

leader, and conventionally pious

Song of Roland Best known of

Medieval heroic poems

Written in the last quarter of the 11th century

The ambush of the rear guard of Charlemagne’s army under the command of Roland.

We will read more

Medieval CastlesDefensive Fortress Homes

Manorialism

Terms to know: Serfs: Manor: What is the difference between a serf and a

peasant? Open fields: Demesne land: Glebe land:

The Lord’s Control Over the serfs it was considerable Serfs could not leave the manor without

the Lord’s permission The lord or his steward rant he manorial

court.

In what ways could this be unfair?

Serfdom Had to work for the lord a set number of

days a week Intense work during harvest and

planting Week work: lords land Boon work: additional work on lord’s

land

What was the only benefit that freedom really bought?

Peasant Life: Standard of Living Rents were fixed and could not be raised

from year to year They could profit from improvements

they made to the land since they had a right to the land.

Peasant Life: Housing/ Food/ Culture They built houses out of what was

abundant Animals were always close Food was largely based on grain Life was filled with labor but punctuated

by religious festivals and holidays

Gender Roles Men Plowing, fieldwork,

firewood, carting, construction

Women Tend to animals,

milk animals, make butter/ cheese, collect eggs

Brewing Cooking meals Raising children Spun cloth

**They all had access to a market economy

What does the chart tell us about Medieval Population?

Reasons for growth? 1. End of invasions 2. Relative stability of feudalism/

manorialism 3. Increase agricultural activity 4. New economic opportunities

What happens as population grows?

Populations EXPAND internally and externally

When areas populate quickly what tends to happen? Create a list of possible outcomes

War (N) Peaceful expansion (P) Overpopulation (N) Economic growth (P) Clash of cultures (N) Blending of cultures (P) Spread of diseases (N) Spread of ideas (P)

Internal Colonization Clearing of forests and marshes to

expand agricultural space Lords began to offer freedom to

encourage colonization of new land

How did they name these new settlements?

External Colonization (Conquest) German nobles pushed east beyond the

former borders of the Frankish empire People moved to the Baltic Sea, Finland,

and Austria. “Drang nach Osten” drive to the east

that offered new land and low rent By the end of the 15th century the size

of Germany had tripled

Reconquista The reconquest and resettlement of the

Iberian Peninsula. In the mid 11th century Christian kings

took the offensive against the Muslims By 1275 only Granada remained under

Muslim rule.

Ferdinand and Isabella Ordered the

expulsion of all Jews and Muslims from Spain between 1480-1492

Responsible for the Spanish Inquisition

The Hauteville Brothers (Norman) William Iron-Arm, Humphrey, and Drogo

wanted to seek out fortunes as mercenaries.

They started as mercenaries but began carving their own estates.

Succeeded in defeating the Muslims and Byzantines in southern Italy and Siciliy.

They united the two regions into one kingdom called the Kingdom of Naples and Sicily.

Rebirth of Urban Life Before 1200 no town in Western Europe

included more than 30,000 people As trade increased, the size of cities

increased. Towns were the one place that offered

vertical social mobility. Houses were close together, 2-4 stories

high, there was great entertainment, and the rich and poor lived side by side.

Urban Social Hierarchy Patricians: small elite group at the top

Shopkeepers and Artisans Urban Poor

Peasants/ Domestic Slaves