Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)
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Transcript of Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)
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Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)
I. CRISIS IN EUROPE1. Epidemics (Plague)2. Climate Change3. Wars
II. RESPONSEIn Agriculture1. Pressure on Peasants2. Enclosures3. Loans
In Manufacture• Decline of Guilds
III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
• The rise of the Modern State
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Population of Europe(Million)
• 1200 61
• 1300 73
• 1350 51
• 1400 45
• 1450 60
• 1550 78
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Population of Europe(Million)
• 1200 61
• 1300 73
• 1350 51
• 1400 45
• 1450 60
• 1550 78
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Black Death by Pieter Bruegel
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Death in Tournai, 1349
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Plague Doctor with Mask
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Flagellants
Constance, Switzerland)
Nuremberg
Tournai (Flanders)
Seventh Seal Ingmar Bergman
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Black Death- Burning Jews (1349)
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Population of Europe(Million)
• 1200 61
• 1300 73
• 1350 51
• 1400 45
• 1450 60
• 1550 78
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Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)
I. CRISIS IN EUROPE1. Epidemics (Plague)2. Climate Change3. Wars
II. RESPONSEIn Agriculture1. Pressure on Peasants2. Enclosures3. Loans
In Manufacture• Decline of Guilds
III. POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
• The rise of the Modern State
![Page 13: Feudal Crisis and the Origins of the Modern World (13501650)](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062722/568138f1550346895da0a6d9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Political TransformationsThe rise of the modern state
• Stages in the emergence of the modern state
• New Institutions
• New economic policies
• New Sources of Legitimacy
• Europe and the world
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Two stages
1. The king, feudal lords, the towns, the church seek common solution.
2. Centralized power in monarchies
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New Institutions
• 1. Roman Law• 2. Professional Army
• Hundred Years War (1338-1453)• Religious Wars (1562-1598)• Thirty Year War (1618-1648)• Colonial Wars
• 3. Financing the State• Taxation• Sale of offices• Tax Farming
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A European Army of the Sixteenth Century in Marching Order
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Economic policyExternal Using trade as a means for strengthening the state (Mercantilism )
• exports over imports
• no exp of bullion
• seek colonies
• national markets
• navigation laws
• control manufacturing and trade
Internal
Controlling the poor: (Poor Laws)
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New Sources of Legitimacy
Internal (Empire, nation)
International (Westphalia System)
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End of the Feudal Order
• Shift from the Mediterranean to NW Europe
• Stronger States
• Decline of religious authority
• New sources of food, precious metals, raw materials and labor in Americas and Africa
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1350-1450
Crisis Ottoman Ming in Europe Empire Dynasty
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1450-1650 Europe Middle East Asia Transformation
Econ. Polit. Ottoman Portug. Empire Dutch in
SEA
End of feudal relations, StateExpansion