Fernando de Noronha Umberto G. Cordani - Acquacon · F.F.M. de Almeida ( 1955) - Geologia e...
Transcript of Fernando de Noronha Umberto G. Cordani - Acquacon · F.F.M. de Almeida ( 1955) - Geologia e...
1960’s - CONTINENTAL DRIFT and
PLATE TECTONICS
1960 - Cox & Doell – Earth’s magnetic reversals
1961 - Hess – History of ocean basins
1963 - Vine & Matthews – Magnetic anomalies
1968 - Isacks et al. – Seismology and global tectonics
1965 - Wilson – Young age of oceanic lithosphere
1967 - Hurley et al. – Brazil-Africa connection
1968 - Le Pichon – Sea floor spreading and
continental drift
South Atlantic fracture zone locations (names in black) and
Fernando de Noronha Ridge (black square) (modified from
Antobreh et al., 2009).
Bathymetry around the Fernando de Noronha
Archipelago
N
32º40´ 32º30´ 32º20´W
3º45´S
3º55´S
3000
2000
1000
500
500
100
50
100
50 Alto Fundo Drina
ARQUIPÉLAGOFERNANDO DE NORONHA
Vertical profile of the volcanic edifice
500
1000
2000
3000
4000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 (km)
M. Francês
Pedras SecasPico
Alto Fundo Drina
W E
23 km
(m)
1970 - CORDANI, U.G. – Idade do vulcanismo no Oceano Atlântico Sul - Bol. IGA USP,
#1: 9-75.
1972 - CORDANI, U. G. - Potassium-argon ages of rocks from the Brazilian South
Atlantic Ocean. In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Continental Drift. 1967,
Montevideo, Uruguay. - Transaction American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC,
USA, v.53. p.168 .
1977 – BERNAT, M. et al. – Datation par la méthode Ar-Ar de roches volcaniques des iles
brésiliennes de Fernando de Noronha et Trindade. – ORSTOM Ser. Geol. IX: 45-48.
2003 - CORDANI, U.G et al. - Cenozoic alkaline volcanism of Fernando de Noronha
Island. Field Trip T1. In: SOUTH AMERICAN SYMPOSIUM ON ISOTOPIC
GEOLOGY, Salvador: CBPM, 24p.
2004 - TEIXEIRA, W. et al. - “O paraíso do vulcão” – Ed. Terra Virgem, 168 p.
2004 - CORDANI, U.G. et al. – Novas determinações de idade pelos métodos K-Ar e Ar-
Ar para o Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha – Revista da Fac. Ciencias, Universidade
Eduardo Mondlane, vol.1: 167 – 177. - Maputo, Moçambique,
2013 - PERLINGEIRO et al. - 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Fernando de Noronha
Archipelago and implications for the origin of alkaline volcanism in the NE BraziL – Jr
Volcanology and Geothermal Research, vol. 249: 140-154.
Personal involvment
Fernando de Noronha Arquipelago
Samples with radiometric ages TOTAL : 47
COLLECTORS
07 samples - J.C. Branner (?)
03 samples - F.F.M. Almeida – 1950 (?)
13 samples - U.G. Cordani – 1965
06 samples - M.C. Ulbrich – 1989-1999
12 samples - U.G. Cordani – 2003
06 samples - L. Kogarko – 2007
Stratigraphic column of the volcanic units
Quixaba Formation - basic to ultrabasic lava flows
(melanephelinites with OL, PY, MEL, intercalated with pyroclastic
levels and basanites).
AGE: 6.2 to 1.3 Ma (duration of volcanism = 5 Ma)
São José Formation – basanite and alkali basalt flows carrying
abundant mantle xenoliths (dunite, lherzolites, harzburgites) from
the source area of the parental magma.
AGE: 9.0 – 9.5 Ma, coeval to the Remedios volcanism
Remedios Formation – Pyroclastic deposits (agglomeraetes,
breccias, tuffs) intruded by a series of subvolcanic domes, plugs and
dikes (phonolites, essexites, trachytes, alkali basalts).
AGE: 12.5 to 9.4 Ma (duration of volcanism = 3 Ma)
Fernando de Noronha - radiometric ages of
shallow intrusives - Remedios Formation
K-Ar Ar-ArSão Paulo laboratory
Melanefelinito da Formação Quixaba - Ilha Rata, derrame basal
UC-FN-37 / Whole Rock
0
50
100 % R a d
40Ar/39Ar Step-Heating Spectra for Runs 1417-01, and 1417-02 1417-03
0
1
2
3
C a / K
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Cumulative %39Ar Released
0
2
4
6
8
10
A p p a r e n t A g e M a
A
B
C
D
E F
G
H
I
2.8 0.3 Ma*
Integrated Age = 2.12 0.14 Ma
A
B
C
D
E
3.2 0.2 Ma
Integrated Age = 3.10 0.17 Ma
A
B
C
D
E
2.91 0.19 Ma
Integrated Age = 2.81 0.11 Ma
2.8 to 3.2 Ma
Sample UC FN-37
Melanephelinite
Ilha Rata, derrame basal
Ar-Ar ages made in two
WR fragments
Brisbane laboratory
Perlingeiro et al, 2013
Basanites from São José Island
Sample: MN-FN-807 - K-Ar WR - 8.13 ± 0.36 Ma
MN-FN-809 - K-Ar WR - 21.9 ± 0.8 Ma
Sample UC-FN-17
Alkali-basalt, São José Island
K-Ar WR – 9.49 ± 0.33 Ma
K-Ar WR - 9.38 ± 0.94 Ma
São Paulo laboratory
Cordani, 1970
ASSUMPTION vs. ASSESSMENTBrisbane laboratory – Perlingeiro et al. (2013)
Stratigraphic column of the volcanic units
Quixaba Formation - basic to ultrabasic lava flows
(melanephelinites with OL, PY, MEL, intercalated with pyroclastic
levels and basanites).
AGE: 6.2 to 1.3 Ma (duration of volcanism = 5 Ma)
São José Formation – basanite and alkali basalt flows carrying
abundant mantle xenoliths (dunite, lherzolites, harzburgites) from
the source area of the parental magma.
AGE: 9.0 – 9.5 Ma, coeval to the Remedios volcanism
Remedios Formation – Pyroclastic deposits (agglomeraetes,
breccias, tuffs) intruded by a series of subvolcanic domes, plugs and
dikes (phonolites, essexites, trachytes, alkali basalts).
AGE: 12.5 to 9.4 Ma (duration of volcanism = 3 Ma)
Enseada da Caieira – Pyroclastic rocks of the Remedios
Formation, with a mafic dike in the forefront.
Enseada da Caieira
Pyroclastic deposits of the
Remedios Formation, with
abundant block and lapilli
of magmatic rocks, cut by a
trachyte dike
Stratigraphic column of the volcanic units
Quixaba Formation - basic to ultrabasic lava flows
(melanephelinites with OL, PY, MEL, intercalated with pyroclastic
levels and basanites).
AGE: 6.2 to 1.3 Ma (duration of volcanism = 5 Ma)
São José Formation – basanite and alkali basalt flows carrying
abundant mantle xenoliths (dunite, lherzolites, harzburgites) from
the source area of the parental magma.
AGE: 9.0 – 9.5 Ma, coeval to the Remedios volcanism
Remedios Formation – Pyroclastic deposits (agglomeraetes,
breccias, tuffs) intruded by a series of subvolcanic domes, plugs and
dikes (phonolites, essexites, trachytes, alkali basalts).
AGE: 12.5 to 9.4 Ma (duration of volcanism = 3 Ma)
São José and Cuzcuz islands. – Basanite flow of the São
José Formation capped by the Caracas calcarenite.
Stratigraphic column of the volcanic units
Quixaba Formation - basic to ultrabasic lava flows
(melanephelinites with OL, PY, MEL, intercalated with pyroclastic
levels and basanites).
AGE: 6.2 to 1.3 Ma (duration of volcanism = 5 Ma)
São José Formation – basanite and alkali basalt flows carrying
abundant mantle xenoliths (dunite, lherzolites, harzburgites) from
the source area of the parental magma.
AGE: 9.0 – 9.5 Ma, coeval to the Remedios volcanism
Remedios Formation – Pyroclastic deposits (agglomeraetes,
breccias, tuffs) intruded by a series of subvolcanic domes, plugs and
dikes (phonolites, essexites, trachytes, alkali basalts).
AGE: 12.5 to 9.4 Ma (duration of volcanism = 3 Ma)
CAPIM AÇU - Superposed lava flows of the Quixaba Formation separated
by pyroclastic levels (indicated by white lines). - Melilite melanephelinite,
pyroxene melanephelinite and two olivine melanephelinite flows.
Main hypotheses on the origin of the
Fernando de Noronha volcano
Oceanic fractures F.F.M. de Almeida ( 1955) - Geologia e Petrologia do Arquipélago de
Fernando de Noronha. - DNPM, Divisão Geologia e Mineralogia,
Monografia 13, 181p.
Hot spot and plume along the Fernando de Noronha RidgeU.G. Cordani et al. (2004) – Novas determinações de idade pelos
métodos K-Ar e Ar-Ar para o Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha –
Revista da Fac. Ciencias, Maputo , Moçambique .
Regional magmatic anomaly in the lithospheric mantle G. Perlingeiro et al. (2012) - 40Ar/39Ar geochronology of the Fernando
de Noronha Archipelago and implications for the origin of alkaline
volcanism in the NE Brazil – Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal
Research.
The convective cells are produced by instabilities in the limit between the thick
continental lithospheric (lithosphere depth of 160 km for Borborema Province)
and of 50 km for Fernando de Noronha Archipelago; Oliveira, 2008).
Illustration of the idea for a convective flux in small scale
(modified after EDS; Demidjuk et al., 2007).
FRACTURES
Branner, 1903
Almeida, 1955
Cordani, 1970
Gorini, 1981
LITHOSPHERIC MANTLE
Fodor et al., 2002
Galindo et al., 2006
Perlingeiro. 2010
Knesel et al., 2011
Perlingeiro et al., 2012
Lopes & Ulbrich, 2006, 2015
PLUMES
Morgan, 1983
Gerlach et al., 1987
Weaver, 1990
Ulbrich, 1993
Ulbrich et al., 1994
Maringolo, 1995
Lopes, 1997; 2002
Ulbrich & Lopes, 2000
Misuzaki et al., 2002
Rivalenti et al., 2000; 2007
Kogarko et al., 2001; 2007
Buikin et al., 2010
Cordani et al., 2003; 2004