Fenel,Botanical description of fennel, Importance Top countries Nutritional breakdown of fennel ,...
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Transcript of Fenel,Botanical description of fennel, Importance Top countries Nutritional breakdown of fennel ,...
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Presentation topic:fennel
041 7862527
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Outline• Botanical description
• Importance
• Top countries
• Nutritional breakdown of fennel
• Medicinal value
• Production technology
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Nomenclature
• Scientific name: Foeniculum Vulgare
• Family: Apiaceae
• English name: Fennel
• Common name: saunf
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Botanical description
• Perennial
• The root is white, spindle-like and deep penetrating.
• The stem is erect, cylindrical, green.
• The basic part is tuber ( bulb-like thickened)
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Botanical description
• Flowers are tiny, yellow.
• Fruit is 4-5 mm long, 1-2 mm wide.
• Fruit is elongated at the top, greenish or light brown-grey.
• Long day plant.
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Importance
• Every part of the plant contains sweet and aromatic volatiles.
• The foliage is also edible or can be used to decorate warm or cold dishes.
• Due to its anethole content it is used for soft and strong drinks.
• Only tubers are not used.
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Importance
• It has important physiological effects.
• Stimulates appetite
• Digestion
• Intestinal activity
• Milk secretion
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Importance
• The cosmetics industry also shows interests.
• It contains sugar contents.
• It contains considerable quantities of P and Ca.
• As well as A, B1, B2, B5, B6, vitamins.
• Carotene and vitamin C contents are considerable.
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TOP COUNTRIESCountry Production (Tonnes per year)
India 110,000
Mexico 49,688
China 40,000
Iran 30,000
Bulgaria 28,100
Syria 27,700
Morocco 23,000
Egypt 22,000
Canada 11,000
Afghanistan 10,000
World 415,027
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Nutritional breakdown of fennel
• 73 CALORIS.
• 0.5 grams of fat.
• 0 milligrams of cholesterol.
• 2.9 grams of protein.
• 17 grams of carbohydrates.
• 7 grams of dietary fiber.
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Medicinal uses• Bone health• Blood pressure• Heart health• Cancer• Immunity• Inflammation• Metabolism
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Medicinal uses• Digestion and regularity
• Weight management and satiety
• increasing iron absorption
• estrogen
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Soil and climate
• Fennel can be cultivated in all types of soils that are rich in organic matter.
• Best soils for fennel cultivation is loamy soil containing lime.
• Cool and dry climate .
• Dry and cool weather during the seed set increases seed yield as well as the quality of the produce.
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Cultivation practices
• 2-3 plouging
• Fennel seeds can be directly sown in the main field.
• Or seedlings can be raised in nursery beds and later transplanted in the main field.
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Sowing time
• Direct sowing:Ideal sowing time for fennel is Mid-September to mid-October.
• Transplanting:• Seedlings are raised during June or July on
well-prepared nursery beds.• Afterwards, 7–8 weeks old seedlings are
transplanted in the field in August.
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Seed rate & fertilizer
• Seed rate required for direct sowing is 10–12 kg/ha.
• At the time of field preparation FYM is added 10–15 tons/ha.
• Nitrogen: 90kg /ha
• Phosphorus: 40kg/ha
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irrigation
• First irrigation is done soon after seed sowing
• one or two light irrigations are required until seed germination.
• Afterwards, the crop is irrigated at an interval of 15–25 days
• Water stress must be avoided during flowering and seed formation
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Weed control
• First hoeing and weeding is recommended at 30 days after sowing.
• Both mechanical and chemical control of weeds can be practiced.
• If herbicides are used for weed control, Pendimethalin is most effective.
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Harvesting
• Fennel matures in 170–180 days.
• Harvesting is done by plucking the umbels when seeds are fully developed and mature but still green.
• Harvesting duration lasts for a month with plucking being done twice or thrice at 10 days intervals.
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varieties
• RF 101
• RF 125
• RF 35
• Gujarat Fennel 1
• CO 1
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Yield
• Yield: On an average, fennel yields 9–10q/ha.
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