Phylinae (Heteroptera: Phylinae (Heteroptera: Miridae) of Central Asia: Miridae) of Central Asia:

current state of knowledge current state of knowledge and a prospective for and a prospective for

further researchfurther research

Fedor KonstantinovFedor Konstantinov

St. Petersburg State UniversitySt. Petersburg State University

Modern definition of Central AsiaModern definition of Central Asia

Transcaspian general-government Transcaspian general-government (Zakaspiyskaya oblast)(Zakaspiyskaya oblast)

Turkestan in wide senseTurkestan in wide sense

Central Asia in narrow senseCentral Asia in narrow sense

Kochak Bay, Mangyshlak, KAZAKHSTAN Tauchik, Mangyshlak, KAZAKHSTAN

Qyzylqum Sands, Uzbekistan Garagum Desert, TURKMENISTAN

Barsa-Kelmes, KAZAKHSTAN

Lenin Peak, TAJIKISTAN

Karakol, KYRGYZSTAN

Altyn-Arashan, KYRGYZSTAN

Central Asian localities sampled for Phylinae Based on the collection of the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg

The fauna of Central Asia is characterized by relatively high degree of endemism, with more than 30% of endemic and 12% of subendemic species

242 species of Phylinae from three tribes are currently known from the region

Pilophorus sinuaticollis Reuter, 1879

Paralaemocoris anabasus Linnavuori, 1984

Solenoxyphus lepidus (Puton, 1874)

HallodapiniTotal 20 species, 3 endemics2 subendemics

Pilophorini Total 5 species, 2 subendemics

Phylini Total 217 species, 70 endemics26 subendemics

Four Genera of Phylini are restricted to Central Asia

Lopidodenus, with three species

L. albidus, maleV. vittigera,male

T. hyalinus, femaleK. morulus, male

Karokris, monotypic

Voruchia, monotypic

Taeniophorus, monotypic

Kazakhstan153 (7)

Uzbekistan106 (2)

Tajikistan74(8)

Kyrgyzstan59 (4)

Turkmenistan116 (12)

Number of species recorded from each country of Central Asia Number of endemic species are given in brackets

  KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN

KAZAKHSTAN          

KYRGYZSTAN 45        

TAJIKISTAN 44 28      

TURKMENISTAN 65 19 39    

UZBEKISTAN 73 29 48 70  

Kazakhstan153 (7)

Uzbekistan106 (2)

Tajikistan74(8)

Kyrgyzstan59 (4)Turkmenistan

116 (12)

Number of species common to the two compared regions of Central Asia

  KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN

KAZAKHSTAN          

KYRGYZSTAN 45        

TAJIKISTAN 44 28      

TURKMENISTAN 65 19 39    

UZBEKISTAN 73 29 48 70  

Kazakhstan153 (7)

Uzbekistan106 (2)

Tajikistan74(8)

Kyrgyzstan59 (4)Turkmenistan

116 (12)

Number of species common to the two compared regions of Central Asia

  KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN

KAZAKHSTAN          

KYRGYZSTAN 76%        

TAJIKISTAN 59% 47%      

TURKMENISTAN 56% 32% 66%    

UZBEKISTAN 69% 49% 65% 66%  

Kazakhstan153 (7)

Uzbekistan106 (2)

Tajikistan74(8)

Kyrgyzstan59 (4)Turkmenistan

116 (12)

Simpson coefficient of Similarity values between the regions of Central Asia

  KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN

KAZAKHSTAN          

KYRGYZSTAN 76%        

TAJIKISTAN 59% 47%      

TURKMENISTAN 56% 32% 66%    

UZBEKISTAN 69% 49% 65% 66%  

Kazakhstan153 (7)

Uzbekistan106 (2)

Tajikistan74(8)

Kyrgyzstan59 (4)Turkmenistan

116 (12)

Simpson coefficient of Similarity values between the regions of Central Asia

  KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN

KAZAKHSTAN          

KYRGYZSTAN 76%        

TAJIKISTAN 59% 47%      

TURKMENISTAN 56% 32% 66%    

UZBEKISTAN 69% 49% 65% 66%  

Kazakhstan153 (7)

Uzbekistan106 (2)

Tajikistan74(8)

Kyrgyzstan59 (4)Turkmenistan

116 (12)

Simpson coefficient of Similarity values between the regions of Central Asia

RussiaRussia

KazakhstanMongoliaMongolia

85 (12)

NW ChinaNW China40 (6)

IranIran96 (26)

AfghanistanAfghanistan

UzbekistanTurkmenistan

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan

Number of species commonbetween regions of Central Asia and adjacent countries

  TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN

IRAN 37 28 28 12 24

MONGOLIA 16 24 48 16 17

Northwestern CHINA 11 18 22 15 17

  TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN KAZAKHSTAN KYRGYZSTAN TAJIKISTAN

IRAN 39% 29% 29% 20% 32%

MONGOLIA 19% 28% 57% 20% 23%

Northwestern CHINA 28% 45% 55% 38% 43%

RussiaRussia

KazakhstanMongoliaMongolia

85 (12)

NW ChinaNW China40 (6)

IranIran96 (26)

AfghanistanAfghanistan

UzbekistanTurkmenistan

Kyrgyzstan

Tajikistan

Simpson coefficient of Similarity values between the regions of Central Asia and adjacent countries

Prospectives for further research

1. Ten new species of Phylinae need to be described

2. Further reversionary work is needed to create a clear diagnoses and workable keys for poorly known genera

3. Geocoding of each locality will make our knowledge of distributional patterns much more precise

http://research.amnh.org/pbi

6% 9% 12%

13%

22%

27%

11%

Frequency of Central Asian Phylinae species per family Frequency of Central Asian Phylinae species per family of host plantof host plant

Tamaricaceae

PolygonaceaeAsteraceaeFabaceae

Other families

Host unknown Chenopodiaceae

Solenoxyphus kerzhneri sp. n. Solenoxyphus salsolae sp.n.

Distribution: Southwestern Kazakhstanand KyrgyzstanHost plant: Salsola gemmascens

Distribution: Mongolia

Host plant: Salsola passerina

S. gemmascens and S. passerina form the section Malpigipila Botschantsev, 1970

Monophyly of the section was recently confirmed by phylogenetic analysis based onribosomal sequences (Pyankov et al, 2001)

Distribution of S. kerzhneri ( ), S. salsolae ( ) and their hosts

Salsola gemmascensSalsola passerina

Distribution of hosts is taken from Plants of Central Asia by VI Grubov (2000) and Flora of China by Zhu Gelin et al (2003).

Acknowledgements:Acknowledgements:

I am thankful to everyone for attention.I am thankful to everyone for attention.

Special thanks toSpecial thanks to Prof. I.M. Kerzhner for his permanent and invaluable help. I wish to thank Randall T. Schuh, Michael Schwartz, Christiane Weirauch and all colleagues from the PBI research team for valuable discussion.valuable discussion.

The work was supported by NSF Planetary Biodiversity Inventory award DEB-The work was supported by NSF Planetary Biodiversity Inventory award DEB-03164950316495