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![Page 1: Federal Aviation Administration Downloaded from FAA Inspectors and FAAST Managers Training MODULE 1 Introduction 03/10/09Rev. 1.0SL-1-FIFMT-1.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062423/5697c01c1a28abf838ccffd4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Federal AviationAdministration
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FAA Inspectors FAA Inspectors and FAAST and FAAST Managers Managers TrainingTrainingMODULE 1Introduction
03/10/09 Rev. 1.0 SL-1-FIFMT-1
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Federal AviationAdministration
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ObjectivesObjectives
• Upon completing this lesson:– You will understand the background,
goals, philosophy, imperatives, and implementation of SBT, SRM, and LCG.
– You will understand the importance of using SBT, SRM, and LCG in flight training.
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Federal AviationAdministration
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OverviewOverview
• This is the first module of the FAA Inspectors and FAAS Managers Training Seminar.
• Why use SBT, SRM, and LCG and where did they come from?
• What are the goals, philosophy, and imperatives and how can they be implemented?
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Why do this?Why do this?
• To facilitate learning in order to reduce or prevent pilot-error accidents.
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BackgroundBackground
• Seventy-five to 80% of GA accidents are caused by human factors (pilot errors)
• Judgment and decision-making can be taught and evaluated using STB, SRM, and LCG.
• The FITS studies showed significant improvement.
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Background (cont.)Background (cont.)
• The development process:– Determined best practices currently in
use.– Identified best practices for improving
learning and enhancing judgment.– Tested the effectiveness.– Developed generic training syllabi.– Recommended changes to PTS and
developed grading rubrics.
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Scenario-Based Training Scenario-Based Training (SBT)(SBT)• SBT is a training system (teaching
method) that uses a highly structured script of real-world experiences to address flight-evaluation in an operational environment.
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Single-Pilot Resource Single-Pilot Resource Management (SRM)Management (SRM)• SRM is the art and science of
managing all resources (both on-board the aircraft and from outside sources) available to a single pilot (prior and during flight) to ensure the successful outcome of the flight is never in doubt.
• SRM includes ADM, RM, AM, TM, SA, and CFIT avoidance.
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Learner-Centered Grading Learner-Centered Grading (LCG)(LCG)• LCG is a grading system and a
debriefing technique that provides:– clear feedback about progress toward
achieving desired outcomes,– progress to other instructors and
flight managers, and– opportunities to enhance learning as
well as practice and rehearse judgment and decision-making.
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GoalsGoals
• The goals are to:– improve the acquisition of
aeronautical knowledge and – enhance the development of
judgment and aeronautical decision-making skills.
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PhilosophyPhilosophy
• The philosophy is to use maneuvers in scenarios to improve learning and recall, and to emphasize the development of judgment and decision-making skills.
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Why scenarios?Why scenarios?
• Scenarios engage and motivate.– To facilitate learning
• The pilot must actively engage in the learning process.
• Learning activities must be realistic and authentic– Authentic to the pilot
• The pilot needs to understand how the new knowledge relates to his or her previous experience or knowledge
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Aeronautical Decision-MakingAeronautical Decision-Making
• Is defined as a systematic approach to the mental process and mental skills used by pilots to consistently determine the best course of action in response to a given set of circumstances.
• The mental skills are analysis, synthesis, and evaluation.
• Can be taught like any other mental skill.• Needs to be practiced and rehearsed.
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Practice ExercisePractice Exercise
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With a partner:With a partner:
• Pick a common GA single-engine emergency and set up the circumstances surrounding the emergency.
• Develop an appropriate response.
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Can We Do Better?Can We Do Better?
• We picked an emergency• Developed a response
• To practice and rehears judgment (analysis, synthesis, and evaluation), we need more steps in the learning process
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Teaching & Learning MethodTeaching & Learning Method
• Give the pilot a problem or task to solve
• Have the pilot reflect on how he/she solved the problem and determine if there were other ways the problem could have been solved
• Have the pilot re-solve the problem using additional information or another way
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Teaching & Learning Method Teaching & Learning Method (cont.)(cont.)• Have the pilot choose which
solution is best• Challenge the pilot to describe
“best” and consider if the “best solution” is always the same solution
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Back to the Practice ExerciseBack to the Practice Exercise
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Revisit Your SolutionRevisit Your Solution
• Reflect• Re-solve• Select which is best• What is “best”
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ImperativesImperatives
• Pilot training must include teaching methods that develop judgment and decision-making skills as well as engagement in the learning process and includes realistic and authentic learning activities
• These teaching methods are SBT, LCG, and SRM
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ImplementationImplementation
• Incorporate SBT, LCG, and SRM• Use a problem or task as the
learning activity center-piece• Use a scenario and the judgment
assessment rubric to evaluate judgment and decision-making
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ReviewReview
• Seventy-five to 80% of the GA accidents are caused by pilot error
• Pilots can be taught judgment and decision-making skills
• Pilots need to practice and rehearse analysis, synthesis, and evaluation skills
• SBT, SRM, and LCG are effective tools for teaching, providing practice, and rehearsal opportunities
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Federal AviationAdministration
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ObjectivesObjectives
• Upon completing this lesson:– You will understand the background,
goals, philosophy, imperatives, and implementation of SBT, SRM, and LCG.
– You will understand the importance of using SBT, SRM, and LCG in flight training.
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FAA Inspectors FAA Inspectors and FAAST and FAAST Managers Managers TrainingTrainingMODULE 1Introduction
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