“Healing is a matter of time, but it is sometimesalso a matter of opportunity.”

-- Hippocrates

Licorice Extract

Natural Anti-Oxidant

Possessing Activity. Promoting Impact.

Anti-Oxidants

Clinically proven to be one of the most potent agent against LDL

oxidation and oxidation stress

Nutrients with potent antioxidant activities that delay and may

prevent atherosclerosis development.

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Preventing Damage. Affecting Consequences.

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Nutritional Antioxidants (polyphenolic flavonoids) inhibit LDL oxidation.

LDL Ox- LDL Atherosclerotic plaque

plaque

blood artery

Licorice antioxidant

(Oxidized LDL)

Performing Research. Achieving Effect.

Licorice extract and its major polyphenol glabridin protect low density

lipoprotein against lipid peroxidation: in vitro and ex-vivo studies in

humans and in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E - deficient mice.

Fuhrman B., Buch S., Vaya J., Belinky P.A., Coleman R., Hayek T. and Aviram M.

The lipid research laboratory , Technion faculty of medicine, Haifa,Israel.

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 66:267-275 (1997).

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Effect of extracts from Licorice, Green tea or Grape seeds on LDL oxidation: a comparative study

The polyphenols antioxidants in the Licorice extract are more potent inhibitors of LDL oxidation than those present in Green Tea or Grape Seeds.

Fuhrman B., Buch S., Vaya J., Belinky P.A., Coleman R., Hayek T. and Aviram M. The lipid research laboratory , Technion faculty of medicine, Haifa,Israel.

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50IC The concentration required to inhibit LDL oxidation by 50%.

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50IC The concentration required to inhibit LDL oxidation by 50%.

Obtaining Knowledge. Presenting Outcome.

Licorice antioxidant References

Studies(in vivo, in vitro)

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Licorice antioxidant References Studies

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1. Vaya J., Belinky P. and Aviram M. Antioxidant constituents from licorice roots: isolation, structure elucidation and antioxidative capacity toward LDL oxidation. Free Radic. BioI Med. 23 :302-313 (1997).

2. Fuhrman B., Buch S., Vaya J., Belinky P.A., Coleman R., Hayek T. and Aviram M. Licorice extract and its major polyphenol glabridin protect low density lipoprotein against lipid peroxidation: in vitro and ex-vivo studies in humans and in atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E - deficient mice.

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 66:267-275 (1997).

3. Belinky P.A., Aviram M., Fuhrman B., Rosenblat M., and Vaya J. The anti oxidative effects of the isoflavan glabridin on endogenous constituents of LDL during its oxidation. Atherosclerosis.137:49- 61 (1998).

4. Belinky P.A., Aviram M., Mahmood S., and Vaya J. Structural aspects of the inhibitory effect of glabridin on LDL oxidation. Free Radic. BioI. Med.

24: 1419-1429 (1998).

Licorice antioxidant References Studies

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5. Rosenblat M, Belinky P, Vaya J., Levy R., Hayek T., Coleman R., Merchav S. and Aviram M. Macrophage enrichment with the isoflavan glabridin inhibits NADPH oxidase-induced cell-mediated oxidation of low density lipoprotein: A possible role for protein kinase C. J. BioI. Chem.274: 13790-13799 (1999).

6. Fuhrman B., Vaya J., Belinky PA., and Aviram M. The isoflavanglabridin inhibits LDL oxidation: Structural and mechanistic aspects. In: Natural Antioxidants and Anticarcinogenesis in Nutrition. Health and Disease. Eds. Kumpulainen J. T. and Salonen J. T. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, U.K. pp. 161-165 (1999).

7. Aviram M, Rosenblat M, Billecke S, Erogul J, Sorenson R, Bisgaier C L, Newton RS, and La Du B N. Human serum paraoxonase (PON 1) is

inactivated by oxidized low density lipoprotein and preserved by antioxidants. Free Radic BioI Med 26:892-904 (1999).

Licorice antioxidant References Studies

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8. Fuhrman B. and Aviram M. Flavonoid protect LDL from oxidation andattenuate atherosclerosis. Curr. Opin. Lipidol.12: 41-48 (2001).

9. Fuhrman B. and Aviram M. Antiatherogenicity of nutritional antioxidants. IDrugs.4: 82-92 (2001).

10. Vaya J. and Aviram M. Nutritional antioxidants and their biomedical applications. Current Medicinal Chemistry : Immunology, Endocrine and Metabolic Agents (CMC-IEMA). 1: 99-117 (2001).

11. Fuhrman B. and Aviram M. Polyphenols and flvaonoids protects LDL gainst atherogenic modifications. In: Handbook of Antioxidants, 2nd Edition; Biochemical. Nutritional and Clinical Aspects.Ch 16: 303-336 (2001).

Licorice antioxidant References Studies

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12. Fuhrman B., Volkova N.,Kaplan M., Presser D., Attias J., Hayek T. and Aviram M. Anti-atherosclerotic effects of licorice extract supplementationto hypercholesterolemic patients: increased resistance of their LDL to atherogenic modifications, reduced plasma lipids levels, and decreasedsystolic blood pressure. Nutrition 18: 268 - 273 (2002).

13. Kent UM., Aviram M, Rosenblat M. and Hollenberg PF. The licorice rootderived isoflavane glabridin inhibits the activities of human cytochromeP450s 3A4, 2B6 and 2C9. Drug Metab. Dispos. 30: 709-715 (2002).

14. Aviram M. Polypyhenols from pomegranate juice, red wine and licorice root protect against lipids peroxidation and attenuate cardiovascular diseases. In:PolYphenols 2000. International Conference on Polyphenols. Eds. Martens S., Treutter D and Forkmann G. Freising- Weihenstephan, Germany pp. 158-175 (2002).

Licorice antioxidant References Studies

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15. Fuhrman B. and Aviram M. Effects of flavonoids on the oxidation of LDL and atherosclerosis. In: Flavonoids in Health and Disease, 2nd Ed. Rice- Evans C & Packer L.pub. Marcel Dekker, NY pp.165-203 (2003).

16. Aviram M., Vaya J. and Fuhrman B. Licorice root flavonoids antioxidants reduce LDL oxidation and attenuate cardiovascular diseases. In: Herbal Medicines: Molecular Basis of Biological Activity and Health, Eds. Packer L., Halliwel B. and Nam Ong C. (2003, in press).