Fast Food and Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases

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    THE CORRELATION BETWEEN

    FAST FOOD AND THE RISKSOF CARDIOVASCULER

    DISEASE

    FERDY

    030.08.102

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    Abstract

    Background : To know the manifestation people who often

    consume fast food related with risks of cardiovascular disease.

    Methods : Instruments research is using fulfill questioner. This

    research was established by way of cross section. Location of thisresearch took place in the fast food restaurants in Mall Karawang.

    The sample consisted of twenty people who ate in the fast foods

    restaurants in Mall Karawang. It is random and most of them are

    students age about 15-30 years old. I also use digital

    sphygmomanometer to measure their blood pressure.

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    Abstract

    Writing Method :

    This research feature

    This research form was made with cross sectional methods.

    Study Site

    This research will take place at some fast food restaurants in Mall

    Karawang

    Data Content

    The result of this research was collected in two days with questioner

    Sample

    Consist of twenty people especially student who visited the fast food

    restaurant. They are sampled randomly.

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    Abstract

    This research uses questioner

    Identity

    Name :

    Age :

    Gender :

    Occupation :

    B. Questions

    1.What is your height? cm2.What is your weight? Kg

    3.Do you have high blood pressure? A.Yes B.No

    4.Would you like me to check your blood pressure? A.Yes B.No

    5. His/her blood pressure is mmHg

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    Abstract

    6. What is your favorite food? (you can choose more than one answer)

    A. Pizza C. Hamburger E. French fries

    B. Fried chicken D. Hot dog F. Doughnuts

    7. How many times do you eat them (no.6) in a week ? A. 3times

    8. Do you smoke? A.Yes B.No

    9. How many bars do you smoke in a day? A.1-5 sticks C.11-15 sticksB.6-10 sticks D. > 15 sticks

    10. How many times do you eat in a day? A. 1 time C.3times

    B. 2 times D.>3times day

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    Introduction

    Easy availability of food, such as drive-in restaurants, milkshakes,

    fries, burgers, packaged food at malls and deep fried food is the

    causes of obesity. Busy parents, fast growing fast food industry and

    easy availability of resources are the reasons for children to indulge

    in such harmful fast food.

    Obesity is performed by genetic, environmental, and complex

    interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Fatness

    levels in obese children are indicative of increased risk for elevated

    blood pressure, cholesterol, and lipoprotein ratios children and

    adolescents. Obese children have the high risk factors of certain

    cardiovascular disease.

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    Literature Review

    Fast Food and Associated Heart Disease

    Clogged Arteries

    Fast foods create a much higher risk of heart disease because of the high

    level of saturated ortrans fats found in much of the food. Those fats can clog

    the arteries and, over time, contribute to high cholesterol levels.

    Trans Fats

    Trans fats are found in many fast foods, including french fries, fried chicken,

    fried fish sandwiches, biscuits, and fried apple and other pie desserts. The

    fats are also found in doughnuts, pizza dough, cookies, crackers, and stickmargarines and shortenings. Trans fats actually cause a higher risk for heart

    disease than saturated fats found in butter, cheese and beef. Trans fats will

    raise total cholesterol levels and at the same time deplete good HDL

    cholesterol.

    http://www.livestrong.com/trans-fats/http://www.livestrong.com/high-cholesterol/http://www.livestrong.com/high-cholesterol/http://www.livestrong.com/high-cholesterol/http://www.livestrong.com/high-cholesterol/http://www.livestrong.com/trans-fats/http://www.livestrong.com/trans-fats/http://www.livestrong.com/trans-fats/
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    Abdominal Fat

    Trans fats triple the risk of heart disease in women, according to Harvard

    School of Public Health researchers published in the Journal of the

    American Heart Association in 2007. In a lab study, monkeys that ate a diet high in trans fats over a period of six

    years gained 7.2 % of their body weight compared with 1.8 % that ate a

    diet high in unsaturated fat. The trans-fat fed monkeys also ended up

    carrying 30 % more abdominal fat, a key risk factor for heart disease and

    diabetes. The study at Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center InWinston-Salem, North Carolina, was reported to the American Diabetes

    Association in Washington, D.C., in 2006.

    Literature Review

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    Research Result

    N

    o

    Name (Age) BMI (kg/m2) Blood

    Pressure

    (mmHg)

    Favorite Food

    (how many times

    in a week)

    Smoking

    1 Cynthia (15) 19.7 118/92 French Fries (3x) No

    2 Eveline (15) 19.5 129/82 French Fries (3x) No

    3 Cicilia (15) 19.1 109/71 French Fries (3x) No

    4 Fransiska (16) 22.3 128/83 Fried Chicken

    (once a month)

    No

    5 Ratna (18) 16.0 -/-(Refuse) Fried Chicken (1x) No

    6 Susan (23) 18.7 137/85 Fried Chicken ( 1x2 pieces)

    No

    7 Meita (24) 26.8 153/87 Pizza(1x),

    Hamburger(1x),

    Fried Chicken(1x)

    No

    8 Ratna (27) 21.3 112/78 Fried Chicken (1x) No

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    Research ResultNo Name (Age) BMI

    (kg/m2)

    Blood

    Pressure

    (mmHg)

    Favorite Food

    (how many times

    in a week)

    Smoking

    9 Andre (15) 20.6 123/87

    Fried_Chicken(3x),

    French Fries (2x)

    No

    10 Yokki (15) 17.3 119/81 Fried Chicken (3x) No

    11 Felix (17) 19.9 130/63

    Pizza (1x 5 slices),

    Fried Chicken (1x)

    Yes

    12 Handi (18) 28.3 135/92 Hamburger(1x),

    Donuts(1x 3donut)

    No

    13 Ari (19) 26.6 140/86

    Pizza (1x 3 slices)

    Fried Chicken (2x)

    Yes

    14 Nikko (21) 17.3 114/92 Fried Chicken (1x) No

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    Research Result

    No Name (Age) BMI(kg/m2)

    BloodPressure

    (mmHg)

    Favorite Food(how many times in

    a week)

    Smoking

    15 Ferry (22) 29.4 142/87

    Fried_Chicken(2x),

    French Fries (2x)

    Yes

    16 Tommy (23) 25.3 133/84 Fried_Chicken(3x) Yes

    17 Yian (27) 27.7 143/87

    French_Fries(2x),

    Doughnuts (3x)

    No

    18 Sandi (26) 22.2 136/86 French_Fries (very often) No

    19 Fery (28) 22.0 127/68

    Fried_Chicken

    (once a month)

    No

    20 Aay (46) 22.8 125/84

    Fried_Chicken

    (once a month) No

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    Body Mass Index Classification

    WHO (1998)

    UNDERWEIGHT 23

    PRA OBESE 23-24,9

    OBESE CLASS I 25-29,9

    OBESE CLASS II >30

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    Discussion

    There are 3 people whose their BMI is underweight.

    11 people have normal BMI and 6 people have obese

    class I.

    For them who have obesity class I, they also have highblood pressure (>120/80 mmHg). Half of them are

    smoking too.

    Fried chicken is the most favorite fast food among them.

    They who have obese usually eat more than one kind offast food about once or more in a week (e.g. they also eat

    pizza, French fries, hamburger, or doughnuts).

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    Discussion

    There is a definite link between fast food and obesity.

    Fast food consists of saturated fats, high cholesterol and

    everything that is not meant for a healthy body.

    Fast food obesity is a problem because fast food meal

    contains:

    - low quality carbohydrates;

    - high levels of saturated fat,- white bread, and a sugary soda and also has relatively

    low fiber content. This kind of eating pattern is entirely

    gives negative effect, which increased risks of

    cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

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    Discussion

    A number of factors are associated with the

    build-up of fatty deposits in the coronary arteries,

    including cigarette smoking, lack of physical

    activity and a family history of the disease. Otherrisk factors include:

    - Type of fat eaten

    - Obesity

    - High blood pressure(hypertension)

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    Discussion

    Teenagers and children have forgotten the ways

    of reducing the calories they intake and thereby

    obesity is inevitable. This leads to increased

    body sugar levels and possible blocked arteries.Fast food obesity along with the sedentary life

    style are becoming one of the top causes for

    type II diabetes and coronary artery disease.

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    Conclusion

    Trans fats and abdominal fat in fast foods cause

    a higher risk for heart disease. The more we

    consume it without have healthy lifestyle such as

    doing sport, eating more healthy foods, etc, itleads us into obesity. Obesity is the risk factor of

    many diseases, like hypertension and diabetes

    type II. Uncontrolled diabetes can contribute to

    coronary heart disease.

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    Recommendation

    You need to eat a healthy diet and have plenty of

    exercise. High salt diets increase blood pressure and

    risk of heart attack and stroke. Most of us consume more

    than ten times the amount of salt we need to meet our

    sodium requirements. However there is evidence thatplant foods especially wholegrain cereals, legumes,

    nuts, fruits and vegetables may decrease the risk of

    heart disease.

    Don't forget physical activity. Exercise is vital toreduce the risk of heart disease. Walking at least 30

    minutes each day at a vigorous pace (at least 3km per

    hour) reduces heart disease risk by 30 %.

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