Fascism Rises in Europe 15-3. Faith Lost Countries lose faith in democracy because of worldwide...
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Transcript of Fascism Rises in Europe 15-3. Faith Lost Countries lose faith in democracy because of worldwide...
Fascism• Military political
movement emphasizing loyalty to state & obedience to its leader–Promise to revive
economy, punish those responsible, restore nationalistic pride
Benito Mussolini• Wants to revive
economy and rebuild armed forces
• Wear black shirts, attack Communists on streets
Mussolini in Power
• Abolishes democracy • Outlaws political parties except Fascist• Secret Police• Censorship
Adolf Hitler• WWI German soldier
– 2 Iron Crosses for bravery• Joins Nazi party • Adolf Hitler becomes
der Furer (the leader)–Writes Mein Kampf
Nazi Party• Overturn of Treaty of Versailles
and fight Communism• Support middle & lower middle
class• Adopt swastika• Storm Troopers/Brownshirts –
militia
Mein Kampf• My struggle– Nazi blueprint– Aryans = master race– Jews = subhuman– Need more lebensraum
(living space)– Conquer Eastern Europe
and Russia
Chancellor Hitler• President Hindenburg
names Hitler Chancellor–Reichstag burns down
(Communists blamed)–Hitler takes away
freedoms and takes absolute dictatorial power
Hitler• Propaganda• Social Darwinism – Nietzsche
philosophies = brute force – glorify war• S.S. – protection squad–Murder hundreds of Hitler enemies
• Gestapo – Nazi secret police–Terrorize Germany
Germany
• Millions put to work, build up country and military–From 6 million
unemployed to 1.5 in 4 yrs
War on Jews
• Jews less than 1% of population
• Scapegoats for all problems
• Rights taken away–Violence vs Jews
Kristallnacht• Night of the Broken
Glass–Nazi’s attack Jews
and destroy property–Signals elimination of
Jews from German life