Fascism B

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LIC. LAURA FLORES

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Transcript of Fascism B

Page 1: Fascism   B

LIC. LAURA FLORES

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Extreme Nationalism

Deny Individual Rights -

Supremacy of The

State

Increasing influence of new political parties that emphasize

state control-For example: Communism,

Nazism, Fascism

Total Controlof State by a

Dictator

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What is it?What is it?Describe its Describe its characteristics…characteristics…

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Government establishes complete control of all aspects of the stateGovernment establishes complete control of all aspects of the state(political, military, economy, social, cultural)(political, military, economy, social, cultural)

Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies, uniforms)Highly nationalistic (flags, salutes, rallies, uniforms)

Strict controls and laws Strict controls and laws

Military state (secret police, army, military)Military state (secret police, army, military)

Censorship (to examine printed materials to ban or delete information)Censorship (to examine printed materials to ban or delete information) Propaganda (media – radio, newspapers, posters)Propaganda (media – radio, newspapers, posters)

One leader (dictator); charismatic One leader (dictator); charismatic

Authoritarian (requiring absolute loyalty and obedience to the state Authoritarian (requiring absolute loyalty and obedience to the state

Terror and Fear Terror and Fear

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Nazism

FascismCommunism

*These theories, specifically Communism and Fascism, are completely different theories that are opposed; however they exhibit the same behaviour

Totalitarianism

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I am Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union from 1922-1953.

What is Communism?

• revolutionary idea of a political, economic and social system that creates a “classless society”• state ownership and control of the means of production (no private ownership)• Soviet Communism or “Stalinism”, was more of a totalitarian and military state combined with elements of communism

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I am Benito Mussolini the leader (Il Duce) of Italy from 1922 to 1943. First European fascist dictator of Italy

What is Fascism?

• intense nationalism and elitism• totalitarian control • interests of the state more important than individual rights• maintain class system and private ownership

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Ideas of MussoliniIdeas of Mussolini Mussolini argued that citizens were

empowered when they were subordinated to the state. By blindly obeying the state, they helped the state thrive, which benefited them.

To Mussolini, this distinguished the fascist state from repressive authoritarian governments, which sought to crush people, & not empower them.

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I am Adolf Hitler the leader (der Fuhrer) or dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945. What is Nazism? German fascism• extremely fascist , nationalistic and totalitarian • based on beliefs of the National Socialist German Workers Party• belief in the racial superiority of the Aryan, the “master race”• belief that all Germans should have “lebensraum” or living space in Europe•Violent hatred towards Jews and blamed Germany’s problems on them

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Adolph HitlerAdolph Hitler Hitler considered himself superior,

eventhough he was a drifter & failed artist during his youth.

A corporal during WWI, he was devastated by Germany’s loss & blamed it on the Jews.

He started his political career at age 30, joining the German Workers Party. He had exceptional speaking skills & came to be revered by others in the party. He was chosen its leader in 1921, and renamed it the National Socialist German Workers Party.

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NazismNazism

Fascism taken to its extreme form.

Racist and anti-Semitic elements that did not appear in Italian fascism.

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Anti-semitism: Hostility and discrimination against the jews Territorial integrity: Territorial domain of a State

Armed Aggression: Military invasion, a War of conquest

Anti-semitism: Hostility and discrimination against the jews Territorial integrity: Territorial domain of a State

Armed Aggression: Military invasion, a War of conquest

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• GESTAPOGESTAPO: the Secret State Police: the Secret State Police • SSSS (Schutzstaffel):(Schutzstaffel): Defense Corps “black Defense Corps “black shirts”, an elite guard unit formed out of the shirts”, an elite guard unit formed out of the SASA

• SA (Sturmabteilung):SA (Sturmabteilung): Stormtroopers Stormtroopers "brown-shirts" early private Nazi army that "brown-shirts" early private Nazi army that protected leaders and opposed rival political protected leaders and opposed rival political partiesparties

• Lebensraum (living space):Lebensraum (living space): concept that concept that emphasized need for territorial expansion of emphasized need for territorial expansion of Germany into eastGermany into east

• Wehrmacht: Wehrmacht: German armyGerman army

• • Einstazgruppen: Einstazgruppen: Nazi Death Squad; mobile Nazi Death Squad; mobile killing unitskilling units

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MEIN KAMPF : Book written by Hitler, set his ideas and goals: Germans were a master race, that jews , latins, black people, gypsies,Homosexuals, were inferior and should be destroyed

LEBENSRAUM: living space for Germans VERSAILLES TREATY : should be destroyed

MEIN KAMPF : Book written by Hitler, set his ideas and goals: Germans were a master race, that jews , latins, black people, gypsies,Homosexuals, were inferior and should be destroyed

LEBENSRAUM: living space for Germans VERSAILLES TREATY : should be destroyed

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Mein KampfMein Kampf (1924) (1924)

The title means The title means My StruggleMy Struggle, and it expounds , and it expounds on Hitler’s anti‑Semitism, worship of power, on Hitler’s anti‑Semitism, worship of power, scorn for morality, and plan for world scorn for morality, and plan for world domination. Hitler wrote it in prison after a domination. Hitler wrote it in prison after a failed attempt to overthrow the German failed attempt to overthrow the German government government

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ENABLING ACT: Act that Gave Hitler Absolute Power in Germany for four Years-

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This Nazi propaganda poster reads, ‘Behind the enemy powers: the Jew.

Nuremberg Laws: Deprived jews of german citizenship and rights

“The Eternal Jew” Posters like this promoted a sharp rise in anti-Semitic feelings, and in some cases

violence against the Jewish community.Kristallnocht: The beginning of the nazi persecution of jews

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kristallnacht kristallnacht • Kristallnacht—November 9, 1938—”Night of Broken Glass”—Jewish shops, synagogues, homes violently attacked—after a Jewish teenager from Germany shot a German diplomat in Paris—beginning of mass emigration of Jews and the forced removal to Jewish ghettos

• Kristallnacht—November 9, 1938—”Night of Broken Glass”—Jewish shops, synagogues, homes violently attacked—after a Jewish teenager from Germany shot a German diplomat in Paris—beginning of mass emigration of Jews and the forced removal to Jewish ghettos