Farmer, Lesley Session I See You 090904
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Transcript of Farmer, Lesley Session I See You 090904
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I See You / I Read You: How School Libraries CanFoster Reading Improvement through Visual Literacy
Lesley Farmer, California State University, Long Beach, USA
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Visual Literacy Elements
Interpret, understand, appreciatemeaning of visual messages
Communicate more effectively byapplying visual design principles
Produce visual messages usingtechnology
Use visual thinking to conceptualizesolutions to problems
International Visual Literacy Assn., 1996
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Processing: Text vs. Image
Understand the phonemes of spoken language (auditory processing)
Realize that phonemes can be represented by print (orthographic visual processing)
Know that a few phonemes can be arranged to make many different words (concept formation abilities)
Chunk letters so brain can overcome limited processing space
Decode automatically and concentrate on comprehending ideas
Manipulate visual elements simultaneously
Brain registers a full-color image in a fraction of a second, much faster than the processing speed for deciphering text
When images are linked with text, the messages are dual-coded and easier to comprehend and remember.
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Visual Information Cycle
Private creation of an image
Public dissemination of the image
Public review and validation of the image
Public access of the image
Private use of the image
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Visual Research
1. Task definition. Based on prior knowledge and experience
2. Search strategies. Images employ simultaneous analysis, from general/highlights to details (note picture books sequencing)
3. Locating and accessing visual information. Males use text to retrieve images; females pick up on visual cues
4. Use of visual information. Males are more critical evaluating; females see relationship between visual data
better
5. Synthesis of visual information: Based on existing schemas. Females: practical, relational, and concrete; males:
abstract
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Levels of Visual Messages Sign vs. Symbol
Visual diagramming
Maps
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Type Elements
Fonts
Size Readability
CAPS vs. lower case
Weight
Proximity and Alignment
Underlining, Undermining, Bold defying
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Color and CulturePurity and virtue in European cultures. Death and mourning in Japanese, Chinese, Korean cultures.
Danger in European and Japanese cultures. Joy and festivity in China. Vietnamese wedding dresses are often red.
Cowardice in Western cultures. Once reserved for emperor in China.
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Picture Books: Children’s Assumptions
Photographs are considered more real than drawings.
Real is considered “good.” Simplified images may be considered
poorly drawn, regardless of the artistic style.
Abstract images are equated with fantasy, and may have a connotation of “bad.”
While boys may process abstractions more easily than girls, they tend to favor literal images over metaphorical ones.
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Ways to Study Picture Books
Visual content analysis
Critique using artistic principles
Evaluate use of image to give meaning
Dual-coding
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Left to Right
Top to
Bottom
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The Appeal of Graphic Novels
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Comics & Reading
Assist Poor Readers
Connect with Visual Learners
Develop Strong Language Arts Skills
Encourage Unmotivated and "Dormant" Readers
Convey Educational Messages
Stimulate Readers to Explore Other Literature
Engage Older Readers
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Technology and Literacy
Expands access and manipulation to images
Media manipulate images to elicit desired responses
Viewers need to be verify image
Viewers who have more background knowledge can discern illogical images >>> wide reading aids visual literacy
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Incorporate Technology to Visual and Textual Information
Encourage group-based visual technology productions.
Use visual editing/manipulation features – and undo options –to encourage creative risk-taking
Use images as another telecommunications “language.”
Have learners photograph a variety of objects and behaviors, and analyze the explicit and overt messages.
Have learners research the assumptions of visual messages.
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Library and Visual Literacy
Atmosphere
Collection development
Instructional design: visual aids, tech training, production
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Literacy Topics Using Images
1. Compare how different books or different artist/photographers portray concepts; determine the impact of culture, time period, status on the images.
2. Write a story to accompany a wordless book.3. Create and annotate a personal virtual museum of images.4. Take the same advertisement, and edit it in different ways to convey
opposing views. This activity is particularly telling during election years.5. Take photos of the school campus, and caption them. Compare the
choice and captioning of images.6. Produce telenovelas.7. Create educational commercials. 8. Do digital storytelling.9. Show scientific cycles by creating and captioning a digital photo album.10. Analyze how films depict themes; compare filmatic and text depictions.