Falkland War 1982 Ss Slide
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Transcript of Falkland War 1982 Ss Slide
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Examples of conflict
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FALKLAND WAR 1982
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Falklands War
Argentina - United Kingdom
April 2nd, 1982 - June 14th, 1982
Falklands War (South Georgia and the SouthSandwich islands and surrounding sea and
airplace)
Limited Wars
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Origin
The Falklands War was fought between Argentina andBritain.
The conflict resulted from the long-standing dispute overthe Falkland Islands and South Georgia Islands, whichlie in the South Atlantic east of Argentina.
The war began when the Argentine forces invaded andoccupied the Falkland Islands on April 2, 1982.
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OVERVIEW Summary:
Fought in 1982, the Falklands War was the result of the Argentineinvasion of the British-owned Falkland Islands.
Located in the South Atlantic, Argentina had long claimed theseislands as part of its territory.
On April 2, 1982, Argentine forces landed in the Falklands, capturingthe islands two days later.
In response, the British dispatched a naval and amphibious taskforce to the area.
The initial phases of the conflict occurred mainly at sea betweenelements of the Royal Navy and the Argentine Air Force.
On May 21, British troops landed and by June 14 had compelled the
Argentine occupiers to surrender.
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The War Begins Argentine troops set up flag on South Georgia
Seen as first event of Falklands war
Argentina invades the Islands
April 2, 1982
Formal Declaration of War about a
month later
Levels of Conflict
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Argentina Invasion of the Falklands
April 2nd 1982 Argentina launches an amphibious landing on theFalkland Island
Argentine Marines quickly seized the capital of the Falklands, Port
Stanley. The small garrison of marines were
largely outnumbered, and forced to
surrender to Argentine forces.
The following day the island of SouthGeorgia was invaded.
After a brief firefight, the small
presence of Royal marines were
forced to surrender to Argentine forces
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British Response
Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher ordered the assembly of naval
task force to retake the island. In mid April Admiral Sir JohnFieldhouse began moving south
On April 25th British forces recaptured South Georgia Island aftersinking a Argentine Submarine.
Shortly after RAF bombers began bombing Argentine controlled
airfields and radar towers.
May 2nd, HMS Conqueror sank ARA
Belgrano, killing 323 and capturingover 700 seamen
May 4th A successful missile strike
claimed HMS Sheffield killing 20
crew members
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Securing a Beachhead
May 21st British Amphibious Task group mounted operationSutton, this led to the British securing a beachhead at Port SanCarlos to conduct offensive operations.
On the same day HMS Ardent
was sunk followed by HMS
Antelope on the 24th and HMS
Coventry on the 25th.
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Battle of Goose Green and Mount Kent
Early on May 27th British forces attacked Darwin and Goose Green which was occupied
by Argentine Infantry forces.
After a grueling two day battle British forces pushed the Argentine forces back.The
result was 961 Argentine forces were captured.
Meanwhile British Commandos and SAS were moved onto Mount Kent. They metresistance from Argentine Commandos.
On May 31st after waging an intense
hit and run battle British forces
defeated the Argentine Commandosat the Battle of Top Malo House.
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Bluff Cove
June 1st 5000 British troops arrived to attack Port Stanley
British ships were attacked and badly damaged by Argentine
bombers.
BBC television recorded
this happening,
which were seen aroundthe world.
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The Fall of Stanley June 11 1982 British launch as brigade sized
attack against high grounds surrounding Stanley.
The battles of Mount Harriet, Two Sisters and
Mount Longdon resulted, followed by the Battle
of Wireless Ridge and Mount Tumbledown
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Surrender of the Falklands
British Victory at Mount Tumbledown, lastline of natural defense.
Argentine forces in Stanley became worried.
June 14th General Menendez surrendered toMG Jeremy Moore
June 20th British
retook S. SandwichIslands and declared
an end to hostilities
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Casualties of Falkland War
British
British Army - 122
Royal Navy - 87
Royal Marines - 26
Merchant Navy - 9Royal Fleet Auxiliary - 7
Falkland Islanders - 3
Royal Air Force - 1
Total 255
Total wounded - 777
ArgentinesNavy - 392 (323 in ARA Belgrano,rest most marines)Army - 179 (11 officers, 30 sc, 138
conscripts)Air Force - 55 (36 pilots)Gendarmeria (border guard) - 7Prefectura (coast guard) - 2
Total 635
Total wounded - 1068
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U.S. Involvement
U.S. Treaty Obligations
NATO
Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
Debate Mediation
Secretary of State, Alexander Haig
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NATO Contributions
Intelligence Information
Military equipment
U.S. Secretary of Defense, Caspar Weinberger
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Ascension Island
Built by U.S. task force during World War II
Re-opened in 1957
Used as staging base for RAF during FalklandsWar
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Results
Reagan and Weinberger both awarded Knight
Commander of British Empire
September 2001-Vicente Fox
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End of the WarJune 14, 1982- Commander agrees to cease fire and 9,800 argentine
troops dropped their weapons
British Major Jeremy Moore flew into Port Stanley to meet with
General Menendez
Menendez is allowed to strike unconditional from surrender
document
His surrender would be with dignity and honor according to British podcasts
General Moore does not allow him to insert the Argentina propaganda
Las Malvinas after Falklands
Document was formally signed and the war is over.
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THE EFFECTS Economic Impact:
Argentina had been in the midst of a devastating economic crisis at thevery beginning.
Both Argentina and Britain spent a great amount of money onequipment for the war.
The overall economy made an even greater influence on the recessionand attacks on jobs and sent unemployment soaring.
Social Impact/Cultural Impact:
There were wide-ranging influences on popular culture in both the UK
and Argentina.
The Falklands War also provided material for theatre, film and TVdrama and influenced the output of musicians including (among others)English Post-Punk Band Gang of Four, Pink Floyd, Joe Jackson, Crass,New Model Army, Steve Dahl and Elvis Costello.
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Margaret Thatcher
First Prime MinisterShe was Britains fighting lady
She was called Iron Lady
During the Falklands War, which
Thatcher ran victoriously with greatpatriotic dedication,
boosted the popularity of hergovernment hugely,
leading, along with deep divisionamong the Labor Party to theConservatives winning a large majority
at the General Election in 1983.
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Effects and results of the war In Argentina, the defeat led to the removal of Pres. Galtieri
three days after the fall of Port Stanley. His downfall spelledthe end for the military rule that had been leading the countryand paved the way for the restoration of democracy. ForBritain, the victory provided a much needed boost to its
national confidence, reaffirmed its international position, andassured victory for the Thatcher Government in the 1983elections.
LOSERs winners
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The Finale
Post War Economic Issue:
The British had spent million on an air base at Port Stanley
It still proves costly to maintain today, although the British militarypresence is small and often contains Territorial Army units.
Two huge Squid fisheries opened bringing in $50 million in licenses a year.
Large oil deposits also almost certainly exist in the waters around theFalklands
Although in the 1980s it was difficult to locate them and uneconomic toextract them, technology is now making this possible.
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The Juntas Decision
New leaders come to forefront of the Junta General Leopoldo Galtieri
Admiral Jorge Anaya
Brigadier Basilio Lami Dozo
Possible causes of the war Popular domestic unrest
Misperceptions of motivations
Growth of Argentine military
Decline of British power
Causes of conflict
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Long Term Cause Longstanding territorial dispute betweenArgentina and the UK over the sovereigntyof the islands
Short Term Cause Bad circumstances in both countries.
Bad Circumstance in the UK High unemployment rate
Bad circumstance in Argentina Collapse of Economy
Immediate Cause Military
Military Argentina Admiral Anaya pressured Galtierifor an invasion
Military in the Britain Sir Henry Leach suggested toThatcher that Britain could retakefalklands.
No Religious CauseIdeological CausePolitical Cause
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Conclusion
The dispute over the Falkland/ Malvinas Islandsis interesting and complex
The fact that is it still an unsolved dispute afterso many years
Thus, it appears as though there is no clear legalframework to solve this case which is why we still
see the issue of these islands in todays news, so
many years later in 2009.
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Articles News- CNN
WORLD
Argentina presses claim to Falkland Islands, accusing UK ofcolonialism
By Dave Gilbert, CNN | January 3, 2013
Argentinian President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner is once againcalling on the UK to hand back the Falkland Islands -- known inArgentina as Las Malvinas -- accusing Britain of blatant colonialism.In an open letter to British Prime Minister David Cameron, whichwas published in the British press, she says that Britain stripped theislands away from Argentina 180 years ago on Thursday's date:January 3. Read more: Falkland Islands will vote on political statusThe two countries went to war over the territory in 1982, when thethen-Argentinian military government landed troops on the islands.
http://articles.cnn.com/2013-01-03/world/world_europe_argentina-falklands-letter_1_falkland-islanders-las-malvinas-colonialismhttp://articles.cnn.com/2013-01-03/world/world_europe_argentina-falklands-letter_1_falkland-islanders-las-malvinas-colonialismhttp://articles.cnn.com/2013-01-03/world/world_europe_argentina-falklands-letter_1_falkland-islanders-las-malvinas-colonialismhttp://articles.cnn.com/2013-01-03/world/world_europe_argentina-falklands-letter_1_falkland-islanders-las-malvinas-colonialism -
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SUGGESTED RESOLUTION
Abitration
Mediation - US (NATO)
1. The governments sit down & resolve the issues
between them across the table in a peacefull,
productive way
2. United Nations oblige it to negotiate a peacefull and
final solution to the dispute over the Malvinas islands
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Diplomatic dialogue resolution through UN
3. Diplomatic channels
- Both parties resolve their differences throughdialogue in normal diplomatic channels.