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Factors affect listening and speaking skills.Present byJoeyEvonneHuiyounSangeetha

factors affecting listening skillsBIAS Environmental factors www.ijert.orgHot wordsRehearsing a responseDaydreamingShort attention spanfilteringwww.ijert.orgFactors affecting listening skillsThe listenerInterested to the topic => improves listening comprehension

Background KnowledgeWithout adequate background knowledge will have difficult time accessing difficult information.

Speaking StyleFast rate => difficult to keep up with the lessonSlow down => allow students to focusVisual InputPoor listening comprehension benefit from diagrams.

Source from:http://education.seattlepi.com/factors-affect-listening-comprehension-3720.htmlFACTORS AFFECTING SPEAKING SKILLLack of motivation and confidence Improper listening skillsPoor vocabulary Family backgroundEducation backgroundwww.ijert.orgFactors that affect speaking skillsLISTENING COMPREHENSIONThe most basic skill to be a good English speaker.The speakers tend to focus their effort in improving their speaking skills without assessing and practicing their listening comprehension skills.Some speakers cannot understand the questions, because the one asking speaks too fast or has different accent. Thus, they will ask the speaker to repeat or speak more slowly.

HOW to improve listening comprehension skills?

Listen! Listen!! Listen!!! listen to dialogues in TV shows and movies and avoid from reading the subtitles. ParrotListen to any lecturer's conversation or audio and repeat the sentences you hear. Make sure the audio is clear and easy to understand.Catch the Main Ideas Listen carefully for the words that will give you the main idea of the topic discussed.Watch out for Homophonesencounter words that sound like other wordsnot rely just on the sound you heard, but the context on which the word was used.GRAMMATICAL ACCURACYNative speakers may commit some mistakes in grammar, but it does not change the meaning of the sentences. Thus, it doesnt give the listener much of a problem understanding them.

Non-native speakers often change the meaning of sentences they want to express, and thus create a misunderstanding.

That's why non - native speakers have to study grammar more than native speakers. Common Mistakes in GrammarNounsMy neighbor has ten childrens.(Children is already in the plural form, so theres no need to add s.)

Picking the right candidate for the contest involves a lot of criterias.(Criteria is already in the plural form.)

PronounsI watched a movie with my wife last night. He liked it very much.(Hes talking about his wife and then he used he to refer to her afterwards.)AdjectivesShe is the most fairest girl I have ever seen.(Fairest is already in the superlative degree of comparison, so using most before it makes the meaning redundant.)

He is worst than my ex-husband.(If only two things/people are being compared, worse should be used instead of worst.)VerbsI go to school yesterday.(The word yesterday indicates a past event, so the verb used should have been went.)

He dont know anything about it.(Doesnt should be used instead of dont because the subject he is singular.)Common Mistakes in GrammarPRONUNCIATIONIt is common for non - native speakers to mispronounce English words.We don't say English words the way we spell them.For eg : The Japanese word honto (really) is pronounced the way it is spelled.The English word really is not pronounced as "re-a-li" or "re-a-lai", nor is the word really spelled as riliEnglish is not phoneticThe sounds of -edThe ed added to the verbs may have different sounds which depends if the base verbs sound is voiceless or voiced.

What is the difference between voiced and voiceless sounds?

VOICED -A consonant is voiced when it makes the vocal cords vibrate.VOICELESS -When a consonant is pronounced without vibrating the vocal cords,its voiceless.VOCABULARYMany people misunderstood because of using words or expressions inappropriately.Commonly misused words in EnglishAccept versus ExceptAccept is a verb which means to receive.Ex. I accept your proposal.

Except is usually a preposition which means not included.Ex. I eat all kinds of fruits except that one.

Also, except is a verb meaning to exclude.Ex. Please except that vegetable from the grocery list.

Affect versus EffectUsually, affect is a verb meaning to influence. Ex. Frequent drinking of alcohol affected his health.

Effect, on the other hand, is usually a noun meaning result.Ex. One of the effects of illegal logging is flood.Commonly misused words in EnglishLend versus BorrowLend is a verb which means to let someone use or take something which will be returned later.

Borrow, is a verb which means to use or take something from someone after asking for permission and returning the thing used or taken later.

Ex. Jane needed money, so she borrowed money from Ken. Ken lent Jane the money she needed.

Its versus ItsIts is the possessive case of the pronoun it.

Its, on the other hand, is the contraction of the words, it is.

Ex. The airport changed its policy.It's a very nice day today.Commonly misused words in EnglishLoose versus LoseLoose is an adjective.

Lose is a verb.

Ex. If your shoelaces are too loose, you might trip and lose your balance.

Quiet versus QuiteQuiet is an adjective that means silence, and quite is an adverb that means to a great extent.

Ex. Its very quiet in the library. The students are quite busy studying.

Raise versus RiseThey are both verbs.

Raise means to cause something to move upward.

Rise means to move upward or to get out of bed.

Ex. The student raised his hand to give his answer.The sun usually rises before 6 am.Appropriateness of AnswersSome speakers did not answer the questions accordingly in the communication.good pronunciation, accent and grammar are not enough to measure ones abilities in speaking English. We have to understand the questions really well and answer them accordingly.

Appropriateness of AnswersQuestion:What is todays date?Their Answer:Its Tuesday.(The question was about the date not the day.)

Question:What company are you working for?Their Answer:I am a Graphic Artist in the Advertising Department. I make layouts for brochures, print ads and other advertising materials the company needs.(The question was asking about the name of the company. The persons answer was about his job and his duties.)

Organization of IdeasSay the main idea first before elaborating on reasons and giving examples. Straight go to the points.Hence, the people were talking to would understand us more easily. Also, they would not get bored with our responses.

Organization of IdeasCommon problems about organizing ideas when responding to questions.Novelist Speakers- tend to talk so much in response to a very simple question. They have a tendency to digress from the topic and even forget what the original question was.

Organization of IdeasDisoriented-No focus of what they would like to talk about, so the people they talk to usually get dizzy talking to them.Repeating- At times, they have a very long response but the content is just the same as what theyve already said before.FluencyEnglish fluency means being able to use the language with ease.

Common problems about fluencyPause a lot when speaking.Say ahh or uhmm very often.Say you know very often to replace the phrases that they cant remember.Speak too slowly because too careful not to make mistakes- listeners tend to look drowsy.EnthusiasmSpeaking well does not only involve the right grammar, pronunciation, accent and proper use of words. A good English speaker (or speaker for that matter), can catch and hold the attention of his/her listeners. Eg: - Speak up! (voice projection)Be a singer. (change the intonation)Feel it ! (feel into it)

Length of answersGive an appropriate length of answer depends on the situation.Eg:Conversation between friends- Going into details and long answer is okay when you are describing something interesting story. Job interview - Wherein the interviewer does not have much time to speak with you, you ought to give answers that are brief and detailed. THE END !